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1.
山西大同盆地口泉断裂全新世古地震活动   总被引:9,自引:4,他引:9       下载免费PDF全文
野外调查表明 ,口泉断裂断错了断面附近的 3级地貌面 ,包括大同盆地西侧全新世形成的洪积扇后缘及位于洪积扇冲沟内的Ⅰ ,Ⅱ级阶地。其中冲沟内Ⅱ级阶地为剥蚀阶地 ,Ⅰ级阶地为堆积阶地 ,Ⅰ级阶地面的地层时代距今 2 52ka。在该断裂的悟道及上黄庄 2个地点开挖的大探槽表明 ,在距今 1 2 3万年以来该断裂曾发生 4次古地震事件 ,其中 3次分别发生在接近距今 2 52 ,5 6 8,13 73ka。另一次古地震事件发生在距今 6 76~ 10 82ka。这些数据有可能反映了口泉断裂具备准周期的强震活动。这 4次古地震事件的平均间隔约为 3 74ka ,最新一次古地震与上一次事件的时间间隔约为 3 16ka。 2个大探槽各次事件的平均最小同震垂直位移为 1 8m。这些资料对重新评价口泉断裂未来的地震潜势具有重要意义  相似文献   

2.
前人在山西交城断裂带上开挖过多个探槽,揭露出全新世3次古地震事件,但其研究结果尚不能确定该断裂带全新世活动段的北部边界.近期在该断裂带北端和中段又开挖了3个大型探槽,其中在阳曲县泥屯盆地西界开挖的龙王沟探槽,是一个由多个探槽组合成的大探槽,该探槽揭示的地层断错信息,将交城断裂带全新世活动的范围向北延伸了20km.另外2个大型探槽分别为交城断裂带中段瓦窑沟东侧台地前缘的瓦窑探槽与市儿口沟西侧T1阶地前缘的新民探槽.这3个大探槽均揭示出全新世中期(14C测年值为距今5 ~ 6ka)的垆土和淤泥层,以及多组平行分布的断面,所揭示的全新世3次古地震事件具有断错事件活动的同步性,可与前人探槽揭示的全新世断层活动事件相对比.3次断错活动时间分别距今3.06 ~3.53ka、5.32ka左右或6.14ka左右、8.36ka左右;3次事件的时间间隔分别为2.02 ~ 2.84ka和2.22 ~ 3.04ka.这些断错事件的同震垂直位移为1.5~4.7m,显示了7级以上地表破裂型的强震活动.最后讨论了探槽中14C测年样品的影响因素.  相似文献   

3.
山西交城断裂带多个大探槽全新世古地震活动对比研究   总被引:6,自引:2,他引:4  
介绍了沿交城断裂带5个地点开挖探槽揭示的古地震情况.这5个大探槽分别沿交城断裂带北、中、南段分布,其中北段和中段各有2个地点,南段1个地点,探槽之间相距 11~35km.位于该断裂带北段和中段的4个探槽出露了断错全新世地层的断面,在这4个探槽中,位于断裂带北段的西张探槽和位于断裂带中段的新民探槽揭示的全新世3次古地震事件可进行对比,具有活动的同步性.由此显示交城断裂带的中段和北段在距今3 060~3 740a、接近5 910a及8 530~8 560a期间,曾发生3次有地表破裂的古地震事件.位于断裂带北段的冶峪探槽,由于探槽位于台地内冲沟右旋扭曲处,断错的最新地层的年代距今10 730a,其它断面断错晚更新世地层.位于断裂带中段的上固驿探槽地处洪积扇,断层带宽70m,断层走向N58°~74°E,断错的最新地层距今11 570a,揭示了NEE向田庄断层晚更新世时期的活动.位于断裂带南段窑头探槽所在的原始地形受到人工改造影响,探槽剖面揭示全新统覆盖在显示距今 3.0~3.5万年期间受到断裂活动影响的地层之上.交城断裂带5个地点的探槽开挖结果显示,该断裂带全新世时期的活动自南向北迁移.  相似文献   

4.
祁连山北缘佛洞庙-红崖子断裂古地震特征初步研究   总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3  
佛洞庙-红崖子断裂位于祁连山北缘断裂带中部,是祁连山与河西走廊之间的一条重要边界断裂,断裂全长约110km,总体走向北西西,该断裂为一条全新世活动的逆-左旋走滑断裂,断裂活动形成了一系列陡坎、断层崖以及冲沟和阶地左旋等断错地貌.本文通过3个探槽剖面对发生在该断裂上的古地震事件进行了分析,可确定地震事件2次,事件Ⅰ为历史地震,发生在距今400年前,为1609年红崖堡71/4级地震;事件Ⅱ的年代为距今(6.3±0.6)ka B.P.和(7.4±0.4)ka B.P.之间.同时结合前人的一些研究资料,对古地震的复发模式和间隔进行了初步讨论.  相似文献   

5.
通过断错地质地貌调查和探槽古地震研究,获得了交城断裂带北端全新世活动的新证据。交城断裂带北端全新世有3期断层活动,断错时间分别约为3.06~3.53 ka、 5.99 ka左右、 8.45~10.77 ka。  相似文献   

6.
龙首山北缘断裂带是潮水盆地与龙首山地的地貌分界线,展布于龙首山隆起的北麓。前期曾在龙首山北缘断裂带东段的白家嘴、中段包代河、西段斜坡山开挖了三个探槽,均揭露出多期古地震。本文通过三个探槽古地震事件的对比分析认为,龙首山北缘断裂带第1次古地震(11 ka)到最后1次古地震(1.6 ka)间隔9.4 ka,约1万年时间里有6次古地震发生。如果取算术平均(9.4 ka/6=1.57 ka),则每隔1 500年左右,龙首山北缘断裂带就有一次强地震事件,即古地震平均重复间隔约1.57 ka。这和其它各大断裂带得出的古地震优势重现周期(1~2 ka)并不矛盾。①5 ka年以前龙首山北缘断裂带仅有2次古地震事件,重复间隔5.3 ka,明显偏长,可能有古地震的遗漏问题;②5 ka年以后该断裂地震活动明显丛集,最短间隔0.7 ka,最长间隔1.5 ka,平均重复间隔约0.8 ka。无论是最短、最长或平均重复间隔,均与山丹-张掖地区历史地震的最长重复间隔0.79 ka接近。  相似文献   

7.
以霍山山前断裂为实验区,基于高分辨率IRS-P5 DEM数据提取了横穿断裂的冲沟,在23条冲沟纵剖面上识别出断裂活动诱发裂点.在其中5条冲沟上识别出1级裂点,裂点几乎位于断裂上;在2条冲沟上识别出2级裂点,最新裂点也位于断裂上.这些位于断裂上的裂点,高度达4~9m,推测它们形成之后并未向上游明显迁移,并可能接受了多次事...  相似文献   

8.
山西大同盆地恒山北缘断裂全新世古地震活动   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
野外调查表明 ,恒山北缘断裂断错了恒山北侧的洪积扇和恒山冲沟沟口的Ⅰ级阶地。地层测年资料表明 ,恒山北缘洪积扇中部、后缘以及恒山冲沟沟口Ⅰ级阶地的表层由距今约 5 2 0 0~ 6 80 0a的地层组成。位于恒山山前开挖的何庄及牛槽峪探槽揭示恒山北缘断裂在全新世早期以来曾发生过 3次古地震事件。这 3次古地震事件分别发生在 2 2 6 0± 190aBP~ 4 370±15 0aBP、接近 5 6 2 8± 15 0aBP和 80 83± 2 5 0aBP~ 84 30± 72 0aBP。 3次古地震事件的间隔为 2 313a及2 6 2 8a ,平均 2 4 71a。古地震事件的同震垂直位移为 1 0~ 3 0m。由于该断裂最新活动的离逝时间已超过全新世时期的古地震间隔 ,今后该断裂具备发生强震的可能 ,需加强观测。  相似文献   

9.
东昆仑断裂带东段玛曲断裂古地震初步研究   总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10  
东昆仑活动断裂是青藏高原东北部一条重要的NWW向边界断裂。玛曲断裂位于东昆仑断裂带的最东段。本文通过3个古地震剖面揭示出东昆仑断裂东段玛曲断裂全新世共有4次古地震事件。最新一次古地震事件为距今(1730±50)~(1802±52)a,第二次古地震的时间为距今(3736±57)~(4641±60)a;第三次为距今(8590±70)a;第四次为距今(12200±1700)a。其中第一次和第二次古地震事件的时间较为可靠,两次古地震事件之间的复发间隔为2400a左右,由此认为东昆仑断裂带东段的古震事件之间的复发间隔为2400a左右,古地震的离逝时间为距今(1730±50)~(1802±52)a。  相似文献   

10.
榆木山北缘断裂古地震特征研究   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5       下载免费PDF全文
榆木山北缘断裂位于祁连山主体山系以北的榆木山北部边缘.断裂活动形成一系列沿山前发育的断层陡坎.通过探槽剖面对发生在该断裂带上的古地震事件进行了分析,大致可以确定全新世以来的2次古地震事件.事件Ⅰ的年代为距今(4.066±0.086)ka;事件Ⅱ为距今(6.852±0.102)ka至(6.107±0.082)ka之间.该...  相似文献   

11.
阿尔金断裂东段断层泥特征及断层滑动方式   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4       下载免费PDF全文
本文用扫描电镜、X衍射等方法对阿尔金断裂东段断层泥的特征、断层活动强度及断层滑动方式进行了研究,获得了如下结论: (1)阿尔金断裂东段的活动强度自晚更新世以后,由西往东逐渐减弱。(2)该断裂东段在第四纪以来至少发生过2—3次古地震事件。(3)全新世以来,该断裂的肃北至阿克塞一段以粘滑为主,而东边的巴个峡至昌马大坝之间断裂的滑动方式则为蠕滑。  相似文献   

12.
广东平冈断裂断层气测试结果分析   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3       下载免费PDF全文
赵红梅 《地震地质》1996,18(4):413-416
在前人研究的基础上,通过化探工作,比较确切地查明了平冈断裂在覆盖区的具体部位。对比测值发现,该断裂南西段的规模大于北东段。对断裂的近期活动性.作了尝试性的探讨  相似文献   

13.
安丘-莒县断裂是沂沭断裂带最主要的活动断裂,对强震的发生具有明显的控制作用。该断裂的安丘—朱里段由南流段、双官—眉村段和朱里段3条右阶斜列的次级断裂所组成,以右旋走滑活动为主,兼有正断或逆冲活动分量;其最新活动时代推断为晚更新世—全新世早期。根据断裂活动性的最新研究成果,认为在莒县至昌邑之间安丘-莒县断裂仍是占主导地位的活动断裂,与公元前70年安丘7级地震的发生具有密切关系  相似文献   

14.
对位于北京市西北侧的东北旺-小汤山断裂是否存在、走向与活动性的认识长期以来一直存在较大差异。通过新近开展的北京城市活断层探测工作中的物探数据与钻孔联合剖面分析,认为东北旺-小汤山断裂是存在的,为一条隐伏断裂,长约40km,走向NNE,倾向SE。以南口-孙河断裂为界,该断裂东北段称之为小汤山断裂,西南段称之为东北旺断裂。小汤山断裂的最新活动时代为早更新世或中更新世早期,中更新世中期以来不活动。东北旺断裂的最新活动时代为中更新世末期,晚更新世以来不活动  相似文献   

15.
The NE-trending Xinyi-Lianjiang fault zone is a tectonic belt, located in the interior of the Yunkai uplift in the west of Guangdong Province, clamping the Lianjiang synclinorium and consisting of the eastern branch and the western branch. The southwestern segment of the eastern branch of Xinyi-Lianjiang fault zone, about 34km long, extends from the north of Guanqiao, through Lianjiang, to the north of Hengshan. However, it is still unclear about whether the segment extends to Jiuzhoujiang alluvial plain or not, which is in the southwest of Hengshan. If it does, what is about its fault activity? According to ‘Catalogue of the Modern Earthquakes of China’, two moderately strong earthquakes with magnitude 6.0 and 6.5 struck the Lianjiang region in 1605 AD. So it is necessary to acquire the knowledge about the activity of the segment fault, which is probably the corresponding seismogenic structure of the two destructive earthquakes. And the study on the fault activity of the segment can boost the research on seismotectonics of moderately strong earthquakes in Southeast China. In order to obtain the understanding of the existence of the buried fault of the southwestern segment, shallow seismic exploration profiles and composite borehole sections have been conducted. The results indicate its existence. Two shallow seismic exploration profiles show that buried depth of the upper breakpoints and vertical throw of the buried fault are 60m and 4~7m(L5-1 and L5-2 segment, the Hengshan section), 85m and 5~8m(L5-3 segment), 73m and 3~5m(Tiantouzai section), respectively and all of them suggest the buried fault has offset the base of the Quaternary strata. Two composite borehole sections reveal that the depth of the upper breakpoints and vertical throws of the buried segment are about 66m and 7.5m(Hengshan section) and 75m and 5m(Tiantouzai section), respectively. The drilling geological section in Hengshan reveals that the width of the fault could be up to 27m. Chronology data of Quaternary strata in the two drilling sections, obtained by means of electron spin resonance(ESR), suggest that the latest activity age of the buried fault of the southwestern segment is from late of early Pleistocene(Tiantouzai section) to early stage of middle Pleistocene(Hengshan section). Slip rates, obtained by Hengshan section and Tiantouzai section, are 0.1mm/a and 0.013mm/a, respectively. As shown by the fault profile located in a bedrock exposed region in Shajing, there are at least two stages of fault gouge and near-horizontal striation on the fault surface, indicating that the latest activity of the southwestern segment is characterized by strike-slip movement. Chronology data suggest that the age of the gouge formed in the later stage is(348±49) ka.  相似文献   

16.
Anqiu-Juxian Fault is an important fault in the Tanlu fault zone, with the largest seismic risk, the most recent activity date and the most obvious surface traces. It is also the seismogenic fault of the Tancheng M8 1/2 earthquake in 1668. There are many different views about the southern termination location of surface rupture of the Tancheng earthquake and the Holocene activity in Jiangsu segment of this fault. Research on the latest activity time of the Jiangsu segment of Anqiu-Juxian Fault, particularly the termination location of surface rupture of the Tancheng earthquake, is of great significance to the assessment of its earthquake potential and seismic risk. Based on trench excavation on the Jiangsu segment of Anqiu-Juxian Fault, we discuss the time and characteristics of its latest activity. Multiple geological sections from southern Maling Mountain to Chonggang Mountain indicate that there was an ancient seismic event occurring in Holocene on the Jiangsu segment of Anqiu-Juxian Fault. We suggest the time of the latest seismic event is about(4.853±0.012)~(2.92±0.3)ka BP by dating results. The latest activity is characterized by thrust strike-slip faulting, with the maximum displacement of 1m. Combined with the fault rupture characteristics of each section, it is inferred that only one large-scale paleo-earthquake event occurred on the Jiangsu segment of Anqiu-Juxian Fault since the Holocene. The upper parts of the fault are covered by horizontal sand layers, not only on the trench in the west of Chonggang mountain but also on the trench in Hehuan Road in Suqian city, which indicates that the main part of the Jiangsu segment of Anqiu-Juxian Fault was probably not the surface rupture zone of the 1668 Tancheng M8 1/2 earthquake. In short, the Jiangsu segment of Anqiu-Juxian Fault has experienced many paleo-earthquake events since the late Pleistocene, with obvious activity during the Holocene. The seismic activities of the Jiangsu segment of Anqiu-Juxian Fault have the characteristics of large magnitude and low frequency. The Jiangsu segment of Anqiu-Juxian Fault has the deep tectonic and seismic-geological backgrounds of big earthquakes generation and should be highly valued by scientists.  相似文献   

17.
周云好  庄昆元 《地震学报》1990,12(3):248-256
本文用粘弹性理论,探讨了老断层失稳扩展型地震的孕育过程中,断层泥的作用问题.得到了如下结果:即使区域背景场和扰动场保持不变,断层局部应力场仍会因断层泥的蠕变而变化.其中切向应力分量σ0ηη(t),在其它所有分量都缓慢衰减的同时缓慢增大.一旦这个应力分量在断层尖端附近的极大值点,积累至大于岩石的断裂强度,断层的失稳扩展便会从这点发生.与空腔断层相比,断层泥使σ0ηη(t)的突变过程变成了缓慢渐近过程,并使σ0ηη(t)的渐近值有所降低,因而会推迟和减少地震的发生.文中还讨论了断层失稳扩展方向等问题.   相似文献   

18.
基于DEM的阶地分析方法——以安宁河断裂紫马跨地区为例   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
河流阶地是一种最普遍的包含构造信息的地貌现象。阶地的确定与划分对于构造运动的定量研究有重要意义。文中利用数字摄影测量软件virtuoNT提取DEM,结合地貌原理,利用DEM在ARCGIS平台上建立阶地分析的处理流程,并以四川省紫马跨地区为试验区进行了阶地划分与变形分析,得到了断裂次级冲沟阶地同步位错平均约(85·4±2)m的结果,与野外检验和变形实测的结果有较好的一致性。表明利用DEM的变形阶地面提取方法具有精度高和效率高、可视化效果全面直观等特点  相似文献   

19.
大凉山断裂带是大型走滑断裂鲜水河-小江断裂系的重要组成部分,其活动性是认识和探讨青藏高原东南缘现今地震活动和构造变形机制的重要基础资料。相较于中段和南段,关于大凉山断裂带北段活动性的相关研究成果,尤其是古地震资料非常缺乏。文中基于野外地质地貌调查,在石棉断裂联合村处开挖了一组(2个)探槽,揭露出断裂全新世活动的直接证据。通过古地震分析和炭样加速器质谱仪(AMS)测年,共获得了4次古地震事件:事件E1:20925—16850BC;事件E2:15265—1785BC;事件E3:360—1475AD;事件E4:1655—1815AD。其中包括全新世以来的3次事件,最新2次事件的复发间隔骤然缩短,反映断裂活动可能正在加剧。  相似文献   

20.
It is well known that the slip rate of Kunlun Fault descends at the east segment, but little known about the Awancang Fault and its role in strain partitioning with Kunlun Fault. Whether the sub-strand(Awancang Fault) can rupture simultaneously with Kunlun Fault remains unknown. Based on field investigations, aerial-photo morphological analysis, topographic surveys and 14C dating of alluvial surfaces, we used displaced terrace risers to estimate geological slip rates along the Awancang Fault, which lies on the western margin of the Ruoergai Basin and the eastern edge of the Tibetan plateau, the results indicate that the slip rate is 3mm/a in the middle Holocene, similar to the reduced value of the Kunlun Fault. The fault consists of two segments with strike N50° W, located at distance about 16km, and converged to single stand to the SE direction. Our results demonstrate that the Awancang fault zone is predominantly left-lateral with a small amount of northeast-verging thrust component. The slip rates decrease sharply about 4mm/a from west to east between the intersection zone of the Awancang Fault and Kunlun Fault. Together with our previous trenching results on the Kunlun Fault, the comparison with slip rates at the Kunlun fault zone suggests that the Awancang fault zone has an important role in strain partitioning for east extension of Kunlun Fault in eastern Tibet. At the same time, the 15km long surface rupture zone of the southeast segment was found at the Awancang Fault. By dating the latest faulted geomorphologic surface, the last event may be since the 1766±54 Cal a BP. Through analysis of the trench, there are four paleoearthquake events identified recurring in situ on the Awancang Fault and the latest event is since (850±30)a BP. The slip rate of the Awancang Fault is almost equivalent to the descending value of the eastern part of the east Kunlun Fault, which can well explain the slip rate decreasing of the eastern part of the east Kunlun Fault(the Maqin-Maqu segment)and the characteristics of the structure dynamics of the eastern edge of the Tibet Plateau. The falling slip rate gradient of the eastern Kunlun Fault corresponds to the geometric characteristic. It is the Awancang Fault, the strand of the East Kunlun Fault that accommodates the strain distribution of the eastward extension of the east Kunlun Fault. This study is helpful to seismic hazard assessment and understanding the deformation mechanism in eastern Tibet.  相似文献   

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