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北京地区农村砖木结构振动台试验研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
为了了解北京地区典型砖木结构(木柱支撑,木屋盖,外砖墙)农村住宅结构的抗震能力,根据北京地区这类农村住宅结构的调研结果,本文介绍了一座典型砖木结构单层三开间农村住宅2/3缩尺振动台试验结构模型的设计与动力试验结果。按照北京地区8度抗震设防的要求,分别完成了模型在设计小震(0.072g)、中震(0.2g)和大震(0.4g)条件下的振动台动力试验,量测了模型的动力响应,记录了不同激励水平下模型的开裂情况。基于试验结果,分析了这种结构的抗震能力以及该类型房屋的抗震薄弱点,为制定这类结构的抗震加固方案提供依据。 相似文献
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《地震工程与工程振动》2015,(6)
现代夯土建筑有别于传统夯土建筑,在夯筑材料选择、夯筑机具、夯筑工艺、结构构造措施等方面做了较多技术改良。为研究其抗震性能,制作了1/2缩尺、采用钢筋混凝土构造柱及现浇屋面的单层夯土房屋模型,并进行了振动台试验。试验结果表明,由于承重夯土墙体采用机械夯筑,加上合理有效的构造措施对其形成很好的约束与加强,现代夯土建筑的抗震性能得到大幅提升,在遭受相当于8度罕遇地震作用下,模型房屋仍然可以继续承载,而且表现出较好的变形能力。该结构体系迄今为止已在西部农村进行了多个试点,对各地农村建设具有一定参考价值。 相似文献
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基于对汉中村镇既有砖木结构现状的调查,分析汉中村镇既有砖木结构的结构类型、设计方式、建造地域地段、地基处理措施和结构基础形式、村民抗震安全意识和房屋抗震构造设防情况等。通过查阅地震震害资料和相关文献,简述和分析砖木结构房屋的震害规律、破坏原因和主要影响因素,提出改善汉中村镇砖木结构房屋的抗震现状及处理方法,并对如何提高既有和新建村镇砖木结构房屋的抗震能力给出建议和对策。 相似文献
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《内陆地震》2021,(1)
自2000年1月至2019年12月新疆共发生5级以上破坏性地震93次,地震灾害损失十分严重。地震中房屋震害特征及其抗震性能差异与房屋的结构形式相关。通过搜集整理新疆境内历年典型破坏性地震民居房屋震害资料及房屋调研相关资料,结合房屋震害特征,依据房屋的建造年代、结构形式、有无构造措施、砌筑粘结剂强度、施工质量及材料强度等抗震性能影响因素将新疆民居房屋结构类型分为土木-木架-石木简易结构、砖木结构及砖混结构3大类,并细化为10小类。结合新疆历史破坏性地震房屋震害资料,对细化分类房屋的震害特征进行总结,分析影响各结构类型房屋抗震性能的原因。除房屋本身抗震性能因素外,场地工程地质条件、地震作用及其他自然灾害的累积叠加作用也是造成房屋破坏加重的主要因素。 相似文献
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青海省共和地区位于柴达木—阿尔金地震带内,具备发生中强地震的构造背景,近年来该地区地震活动频繁,农村地区受经济和技术等条件的限制,造成了巨大的人员伤亡和经济损失。为深入了解共和地区农村民居结构特征与抗震性能现状,开展实地调查,基于历史震害资料,总结区域内典型农村民居震害特点,并进行震害预测,得到不同地震烈度下农村民居不同的破坏结果。结果表明:青海省共和地区农村民居中的砖混结构和砖木结构房屋数量约占48%、47%,其中约68%砖混结构房屋未设置构造柱和圈梁等抗震设防措施;该地区主要农村民居基本达到Ⅶ度抗震设防要求,仅部分建造年代久的土木结构房屋破坏严重;地震烈度为Ⅷ度时,大部分房屋以中等破坏和严重破坏为主;地震烈度为Ⅸ、Ⅹ度时,农村民居将发生大范围严重破坏,甚至毁坏。 相似文献
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《世界地震工程》2014,(4)
北京地区农村住宅的砖木结构具有两种典型的结构类型,分别是木柱支撑加木屋架和砖柱支撑加木屋架形式。为了了解这两种典型砖木结构农村住宅结构的抗震能力,根据调研结果,设计了两个典型砖木结构单层三开间农村住宅2/3缩尺的振动台试验模型。并按照北京地区8度抗震设防的要求,分别完成了模型在设计小震(0.072g)、中震(0.2g)和大震(0.4g)条件下的振动台动力试验,量测了模型的动力响应,记录了不同激励水平下模型的开裂情况。通过比较分析两个振动台试验结果,发现此两类结构类型的前纵墙由于门窗开洞,其抗侧刚度与后纵墙明显不同,导致前纵墙的纵向地震反应远远大于后纵墙,且两侧山墙出现明显的平面外弯曲破坏。结果表明,木柱支撑结构的抗震能力优于砖柱支撑结构的抗震能力。 相似文献
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The paper introduces a new type of green building which suits for the construction of rural dwellings in Xinjiang, China. Results of the shaking table test on building model show that the single-layer gypsum-adobe structure has better seismic performance. And it also analyzes the construction features and engineering practice, which means that it is significant to extend this type of building to the drier regions in China. 相似文献
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A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THE METHOD OF SEISMIC INTENSITY ASSESSMENT BASED ON RESIDENTIAL BUILDING DATA AND HIGH RESOLUTION REMOTE SENSING IMAGES 下载免费PDF全文
After destructive earthquakes, the assessment result of seismic intensity is an important decision-making basis for emergency rescue, recovery and reconstruction. This job requires higher timeliness by government and society. Because remote sensing technology is not affected by the terrible traffic conditions on the ground after the earthquake, large-scale seismic damage information in the earthquake area can be collected in a short time by the remote sensing image. The remote sensing technique plays a more and more important role in rapid acquisition of seismic damage information, emergency rescue decision-making, seismic intensity assessment and other work. On the basis of previous studies, this paper proposes a new method to assess seismic intensity by using remote sensing image, i.e. to interpret the building collapse rate of a residential quarter after an earthquake by high-resolution remote sensing images. If there already are detailed building data and building structure vulnerability matrix data of a residential area, we can calculate the building collapse rate under any intensity values in this residential area by using the theory of earthquake damage prediction. Assuming that the building collapse rate interpreted by remote sensing is equal to the building collapse rate predicted by using the existing data, it will be easy to calculate the actual seismic intensity of the residential area in this earthquake event. Based on this idea, according to the relevant standard specifications issued by China Earthquake Administration, this paper puts forward some functional models, such as the calculation model of building collapse rate based on remote sensing, the data matrix model of residential building structure, the prediction function matrix model of residential building collapse rate and the prediction model of residential building collapse rate. A formula for calculating seismic intensity by using remote sensing interpretation of collapse rate is also proposed. To test and verify the proposed method, this paper takes two neighboring blocks of Jiegu Town after the Yushu M7.1 earthquake in Qinghai Province as an example. The building structure matrix of the study block was constructed by using pre-earthquake 0.6m resolution satellite remote sensing image(QuickBird, acquired on November 6, 2004), post-earthquake 0.2m aerial remote sensing image(acquired by National Bureau of Surveying and Mapping, April 15, 2010) and some field investigation data. The building collapse rate in the two blocks was calculated by using the interpretation results of seismic damage from the Remote Sensing Technology Coordinating Group of China Seismological Bureau. The seismic damage matrix of building structures in Yushu area is constructed by using the abundant scientific data of the scientific investigation team of the project “Comprehensive Scientific Investigation of the Yushu M7.1 Earthquake in Qinghai Province” of China Seismological Bureau. On this basis, the collapse rate prediction function of different structures in Yushu area is constructed. According to the prediction function of collapse rate and the building structure matrix of the two blocks, the building collapse rate under different intensity values is predicted, and the curve of intensity-collapse rate function is drawn. By comparing the building collapse rate interpreted by remote sensing and the intensity-collapse rate function curve of this two blocks, the seismic intensity of both blocks are calculated to be the same value: Ⅸ degree, which is consistent with the results of the field scientific investigation of the earthquake. The validation shows that the method proposed in this paper can effectively avoid the influence caused by the difference of seismic performance of buildings and accurately evaluate seismic intensity when using remote sensing technique. The method has certain application value for earthquake emergency work. 相似文献
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以2020年1月19日伽师M S6.4地震现场烈度调查结果为基础,综合余震分布、发震构造及仪器烈度值等研究成果,确定了本次地震的烈度分布。此次地震极震区烈度为Ⅷ度(8度),Ⅵ度(6度)区及以上总面积为7599 km 2。分析各个烈度区内不同结构房屋的震害,结果表明,震害较重房屋主要是由于这些房屋年久失修,施工质量不高,缺乏必要的抗震措施等自身原因造成的,其中没有抗震措施的砖木结构房屋是震害主体。随着新疆地区农村房屋的抗震性能提高,在以后的地震烈度调查中,需要现场调查人员依据不同结构房屋的破坏等级及平均震害指数等参数综合判定调查点的烈度值,在没有明显震害的低烈度区,仪器烈度值将会成为烈度图绘制的重要依据。 相似文献
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采用弹塑性时程分析程序CANNY对采用框架-非连续抗震墙结构的板式底商住宅进行了罕遇地震作用下的抗震性能分析。计算结果表明,在房屋的底层和端部布置适当数量的抗震墙,可有效提高结构的底层侧向刚度和房屋的整体抗扭刚度,改变了框架结构的抗震不规则形态。在7度罕遇地震作用下,结构弹塑性变形沿竖向分布均匀,无明显薄弱层,结构塑性铰分布合理,可满足规范的抗震设防要求。 相似文献
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新疆及周边地区强震成组活动及其预测研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
系统分析了1900年以来新疆及周边6级以上地震成组活动基本特征。 结果表明, 新疆及周边地区6级以上地震成组活动明显, 并具有持续时间短、 地震强度大、 频度高的特点。 新疆及周边地区7级以上地震有95%发生在地震成组活动期间, 地震成组活动是该区域发生7级以上强震的中期预测指标之一。 地震成组活动一般出现在低活动水平背景下, 而且成组地震活动在空间上相对集中分布, 在地震活动期间强震存在由新疆西南向北东迁移的特点, 其中天山地震带尤其是南天山西段为强震主要的活动区域。 地震成组活动伴随地震条带图像的出现; 在地震成组活动前或活动中新疆地区前兆测项异常明显增加, 具有群体异常的起伏变化过程。 相似文献