共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 421 毫秒
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短钝溞（Daphnia obtusa Kurz)在碳酸盐型水体中的移植驯化与培养 总被引：27，自引：6，他引：21
从西太湖梅梁湾分离出野生水华微囊藻,得到水华微囊藻在半固体培养基上的纯藻株。研究太湖水华微囊藻在室内不同氮,磷浓度下的生长特征,发现在氮浓度在１７ｍｇ．Ｌ＾－１,磷逍度为１．７ｍｇ．Ｌ＾－１左右进,微囊藻日增长率最大。比较自然状态和室内培养条件下微囊藻的生长情况,可知野生微囊藻一般能形成较大的群体,室内液体培养基的营养盐浓度远高于野外,却难以得到大群体微微藻,从此实验结果来看,营养盐浓度与微囊藻在 相似文献
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对柴达木盆地察尔汗盐湖区外围沙下盐湖的卤水及沉积进行了综合研究。沙下盐湖卤水化学组成与地表径流和开放性盐湖卤水之间存在明显的差异性，具有高Ｎａ＾＋＋Ｃｌ＾－、低Ｍｇ＾２＋＋Ｃａ＾２＋＋ＳＯ４＾２－、贫Ｋ＾＋＋ＣＯ３＾２－＋ＨＣＯ３＾－等特征。沙下盐湖析盐层位含有新生矿物并夹带碎屑矿物，其盐类矿物组合为：石盐＋羟氯镁铝石＋光卤石。２５℃等温蒸发相图表明，其卤水演化方向往光卤石析出区迁移，在穿越上覆盖 相似文献
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长江中下游铜铁多金属矿床铅同位素特征 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
本文通过对长江中下游地区侵入岩长石铅、矿石硫化物铅同位素组成对比研究，说明长江中下游铜铁多金属成矿带可划分为东区和西区，东、西两区的侵入岩长石铅和矿石硫化物铅同位素组成具有明显差异，在＾２０７Ｐｂ／＾２０４Ｐｂ－＾２０６Ｐｂ／＾２０４Ｐｂ图上它们的投影点明显地分为两个分布区。 相似文献
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云南省泸沽湖、洱海现代沉积物中210Pb,137Cs的垂直分布及其计年 总被引：30，自引：3，他引：27
云南省泸沽湖,洱海＾２１０Ｐｂｅｘ的垂直分布受Ｆｅ,Ｍｎ循环下＾２１０Ｐ;ｏ和＾２１０Ｐｂ沉积后再迁移的影响,分别表现为三种不同的剖面分布特征,＾２１０Ｐｂｅｘ计年的没积物堆积速率分别为０．０５０－０．０５１ｇ．ｃｍ＾－２ａ＾－１和０．０４４－０．０４６ｇ．ｃｍ＾－２ａ＾－１,反映百年时间尺度上的堆积结果,泸沽湖,洱海＾１３７Ｃｓ的垂直剖面分布虽然受分子扩散作用的影响,并没有改变其峰值位置。 相似文献
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腾冲、长白山、五大连池新生代火山岩Sr、Nd、Pb同位素地球化学特征 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3
概括了腾冲、长白山、五大连池新生代火山岩岩石学、岩石化学基本特征,探讨了Ｓｒ、Ｎｄ、Ｐｂ同位素地球化学特征和岩浆源区性质。腾冲火山岩为高钾钙碱性岩系,高８７Ｓｒ／８６Ｓｒ、高２０６Ｐｂ／２０４Ｐｂ、２０８Ｐｂ／２０４Ｐｂ、低１４３Ｎｄ／１４４Ｎｄ,岩浆源区为俯冲带再循环富集地幔。长白山火山岩为超钾钙碱性岩系,低Ｓｒ高８７Ｓｒ／８６Ｓｒ,εＮｄ为－２３—＋２９,Ｐｂ同位素组成变化不大,岩浆源区为俯冲带再循环地幔。五大连池火山岩为超钾碱性岩系,高８７Ｓｒ／８６Ｓｒ、低１４３Ｎｄ／１４４Ｎｄ和２０６Ｐｂ／２０４Ｐｂ、２０８Ｐｂ／２０４Ｐｂ,岩浆源区为地幔内部交代作用所产生的富集地幔。 相似文献
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《Acta Geochimica》2021,(3)
The aim of this study was to evaluate groundwater fitness for domestic and irrigational use in Unnao district of Uttar Pradesh,India.For this study,block wise(n=16) groundwater samples were collected,and measured parameters were analyzed using the pollution index of groundwater(PIG),various irrigational indices,and graphical techniques.The results of this study suggested that most of the parameters were within the prescribed limits of WHO and BIS,excluding F~-(0.4 to 2.6 mg L~(-1))and Fe~(2+)(0.1 to 1.7 mg L~(-1)).Concentrations of total dissolved solids(TDS) were exceeded the desirable limit( 500 mg L~(-1)) in 43.75% of samples at some sites.The Gibbs plot revealed that groundwater chemistry was governed by rock-water interaction in the region,especially silicate weathering.The Piper plot suggested that Ca~(2+)-HCO_3~-is dominant hydrochemical facies in the area followed by mixed Ca~(2+)-Na~+-HCO_3~-type,Na~+-Cl~-type,and Na~+-HCO_3~-type.PIG evaluation revealed that the contribution of F~-and Fe~(2+) in groundwater degradation is high in comparison to other elements in the region,about 18.75% samples showed low pollution,while about 6.25% samples shows moderate pollution,and 6.25%samples reflected high pollution.The human health risk(HHR) assessment finding suggested that children(mean:1.36) are more vulnerable than adults(mean:1.01).Sodium absorption ration(SAR),Residual sodium carbonate(RSC),and Permeability index(PI) indicated that most of the groundwater was suitable for irrigation,whereas,Magnesium hazard ration(MHR) and Potential salinity(PS) indices suggested that only 37.5% and 56.25%of the samples were suitable for irrigational use,respectively.This regional study would help in decision making for stakeholders and relevant authorities in the execution of groundwater management and remediation plans in the area. 相似文献
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2007-2008年千岛湖营养盐时空分布及其影响因素 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
2007-2008年对千岛湖水体中5个采样点(S1,S3,S4,S8,S9)的总氮、总磷、三态氮、溶解性总磷和可溶性活性磷等进行了不同深度的逐月监测,以研究探讨千岛湖营养盐的时空分布格局.结果表明,两年间总磷、总氮和硝酸盐氮浓度都呈现从上游(S1)至下游(S9)逐渐下降的趋势;2007-2008年汛期(3-7月)位于千岛湖上游新安江干流段的样点S1各种营养盐均为全年最高.但是2007年与2008年营养盐时空分布差异显著.2008年汛期(3-7月),S1的总磷和总氮浓度分别极显著低于和高于2007年同期.相对于2007年,虽然2008年具有更高的温度,但没有增强水体热稳定性.2008年强对流天气一方面通过打破水体热分层和促进水体混合,另一方面通过雨水带来大量的地表营养盐来影响营养盐的分布.汛期高浓度的总磷在1-2个月内平均降低64.4%,最大降低88.6%,显示千岛湖生态系统具有较强的净化能力.分析结果显示千岛湖营养盐时空分布总体格局是由水文、生物以及人类活动等各种因素之间的相互作用所产生的综合效应而形成的,而极端天气能够改变这一格局. 相似文献
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Zn2+浓度对固氮鱼腥藻(Anabaena azotica Ley)光能转化特性的影响 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
本实验对在不同Zn^2 浓度条件下培养的固氮鱼腥藻（Anabaena azotica Ley）的生长、光合放氧速率和叶绿素荧光参数Fv/Fm进行了测定。结果表明,当Zn^2 浓度为1.0μmol/L时,其比生长速率（Specifie growth rate）最大,光合放氧速率和Fv/Fm值最高,当Zn^2 浓度大于等于5.0μmol/L是会抑制A.azotica Ley的生长和光合作用,对在0μmol/L和5.0μmol/L Zn^2 发生反应的藻蓝蛋白溶液的可见光吸收光谱的分析,发现前者624nm处藻胆体的吸收峰和后者620nm处藻蓝蛋白的吸收峰都因Zn^2 的作用而下降,推测藻蓝蛋白为Zn^2 影响光合作用的位点之一,碳酸酐酶活性的测定表明Zn^2 的浓度水平会影响其活性大小,推测是Zn^2 影响光合作用的另一途径。 相似文献
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Effects of deposit feeder Stichopus japonicus on algal bloom and organic matter contents of bottom sediments of the enclosed sea 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
Michio K Kengo K Yasunori K Hitoshi M Takayuki Y Hideaki Y Hiroshi S 《Marine pollution bulletin》2003,47(1-6):118-125
Algae growing in an enclosed sea may inhibit eutrophication because they absorb nutrients in the water. However, dead algae often cause anaerobic conditions in the water just above and on sediment after they are deposited on the bottom. We found that Stichopus japonicus inhibited the anaerobic processes coupling water sulfite production in sediment. The present study investigates whether S. japonicus inhibits algal flourish and influences sediment properties such as organic matter contents. Aquarium experiments were carried out at Komatsushima port in Tokushima Prefecture, western Japan. The aquaria used in the experiments were supplied with water directly from the adjacent sea (6 L/min), laid with sand of 10 cm depths, and lighted at 12 h intervals. Six aquaria each containing a sea cucumber from Komatsushima port and six aquaria without any were used in the experiments. Water temperature ranged between 9 and 15 degrees C during December 2000 and April 2001. Salinity ranged between 32 per thousand and 34 per thousand. Algae began to cover the bottom of the aquaria without S. japonicus after 2 weeks, whereas no growth was evident in the aquaria containing sea cucumbers. Chlorophyll a concentration in the surface sediment of the aquaria with S. japonicus (6.1+/-3.6 microg/g, mean S.D.+/-standard deviation) was significantly lower than that without it (60+/-17 microg/g, U-test, p<0.05). Phaeophytin concentration in the surface sediment of the aquaria with S. japonicus (0.9+/-0.09 microg/g) was also significantly lower than that without it (4.5+/-1.0 microg/g, U-test, p<0.05). TOC concentration in the surface sediment of the aquaria with S. japonicus (2.6+/-1.3 microg/g) was slightly lower than that without it (4.0+/-1.2 microg/g). These results showed that algal biomass and organic matter concentration of the bottom were decreased in the presence of S. japonicus. Therefore, S. japonicus inhibits algal bloom and decrease the contents of organic matter deposited on the bottom of enclosed sea areas. 相似文献
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以植物组织培养技术培养的水花生愈伤组织为实验材料,研究了过量Zn2+(0、0.2、0.4、0.8、1.6 mmol/L)对水花生愈伤组织的氧化损伤及多胺代谢的影响.结果表明,随着Zn2+浓度增加:(1)水花生愈伤组织的超氧阴离子产生速率和硫代巴比妥酸反应物水平显著提升,超氧化物歧化酶活性明显抑制,叶绿素a含量显著降低;(2)精氨酸脱羧酶和鸟氨酸脱羧酶活性均升高,多胺氧化酶和二胺氧化酶活性在低Zn2+浓度处升高、高Zn2+浓度处降低;(3)总腐胺和总精胺含量在低Zn2+浓度处降低、高Zn2+浓度处增加,总亚精胺含量仅在Zn2+浓度为1.6 mmol/L时有显著增加;(4)游离态腐胺含量变化与总腐胺含量相似,游离态亚精胺含量在高Zn2+浓度时下降,游离态精胺含量仅在Zn2+浓度为0.2 mmol/L时略有下降;(5)结合态腐胺和精胺在Zn2+浓度为0.2 mmol/L时下降而在其余处理组中上升,结合态亚精胺含量各处理组中均增加;(6)束缚态腐胺和亚精胺含量均下降.可见,过量Zn2+胁迫导致水花生愈伤组织氧化性损伤,并扰乱其多胺代谢平衡;束缚态多胺向结合态多胺的转化是过量Zn2+胁迫下水花生愈伤组织多胺代谢变化的一个显著特征;以结合态为代表的内源性多胺积累对水花生愈伤组织抵抗过量Zn2+胁迫具有重要意义. 相似文献
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Cd2+和Cr6+对慈姑（Sagittaria sagittifolia L.）的毒害效应 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
以水生经济植物慈姑（Sagittaria sagiuifolia L．）为实验材料,通过模拟水体Cd^2＋和Cr^6＋污染环境,研究了两种单一离子处理对慈姑的毒害影响．结果表明：随着水体Cd^2＋、Cr^6＋浓度增大,慈姑叶绿素含量与根细胞质膜透性先升高后降低;Cd^2＋浓度增大,根和叶的POD活性,叶的SOD活性、丙二醛（MDA）含量及根的超氧阴离子（O2^-）产生速率均是先升后降;根和叶的CAT活性、根的SOD活性、MDA含量和叶的O2^＋产生速率则逐渐升高;而Cr^6＋处理时,MDA含量、根的SOD、CAT、POD活性均随浓度增大而升高,O2^-产生速率和叶的SOD、CAT、POD活性则升高后降低;Cd^2＋和Cr^6＋污染都对慈姑产生毒害,其毒害的效应既有相似性又有差异,同浓度条件下根的受害程度比叶严重． 相似文献
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氮、磷浓度对太湖水华微囊藻(Microcystis flos-aquae)群体生长的影响 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3
大量微囊藻群体的形成和聚集是微囊藻水华形成的重要条件.氮、磷浓度是影响微囊藻群体生长的重要因素之一.为了探讨氮、磷浓度对微囊藻群体生长的影响,本研究以太湖微囊藻水华优势种之一的水华微囊藻作为研究对象,开展了不同氮、磷浓度对水华微囊藻群体生长的影响研究.以近几年太湖微囊藻水华暴发最严重的梅梁湾氮磷比的平均值作参考,氮、磷浓度设置为5个水平组,依次是T1(TN=0.1 mg/L,TP=0.005 mg/L)、T2(TN=1 mg/L,TP=0.05 mg/L)、T3(TN=10 mg/L,TP=0.5 mg/L)、T4(TN=100 mg/L,TP=5 mg/L)和T5(TN=250 mg/L,TP=5.44 mg/L)(BG-11培养基中氮、磷的浓度).结果显示,T1、T2、T3和T4 4组微囊藻群体均增大,且都发现有大于100个细胞的群体形成,群体大小分别为151、217、437和160 cells,而T5组微囊藻群体实验初期增大,实验后期变小,T5整个实验期间未发现有大于100个细胞的群体形成.研究结果表明相对低的氮、磷浓度有利于水华微囊藻群体的生长,而过高的氮、磷浓度则会抑制微囊藻群体生长.本研究结果也表明目前太湖氮、磷浓度有利于水华微囊藻群体的生长,从而有利于微囊藻水华形成. 相似文献
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《Acta Geochimica》2017,(3)
The chemical composition of rainwater has been studied in a karst rural area from September 2012 to August 2013 in Guizhou Province,Southwest China.The results indicated that the VWM value of p H was 5.4,varied from 4.6 to 6.9.Ca~(2+)and NH_4~+were the major cations,and SO_4~(2-)was the dominant anion.Neutralization factors show that the acid was mainly neutralized by Ca~(2+),NH_4~+and Mg~(2+).Investigations of correlation coefficients and enrichment factors revealed that Ca~(2+)and Mg~(2+)were mainly crust origins,and NH_4~+was from agriculture and livestock manure.SO_4~(2-)and NO_3~-were mainly from anthropogenic sources. 相似文献
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By aid of gas chromatogram/mass spectrometry (GC-MS), the distributions and the compositions of biomarkers in a set of sequentially biodegraded oils from Liaohe Basin, China, have been quantitatively analyzed, and it has been found that during the biodegradation process of crude oils, the molecular maturity parameters such as Ts/Tm, homohopane C31 22S/(22S+22R) and sterane C29 20S/(20S+20R) ratios will be affected to different extent. The results show that except homohopane C31 22S/(22S+22R) ratio, Ts/Tm ratio will decrease with increasing biodegradation, but for C29 20S/(20S+20R) ratio, it will almost remain constant in slightly and moderately biodegraded oils, and then will increase quickly in severely biodegraded oils. The main reason is that there are some differences in the ability of resistant biodegradation for different isomer of biomarkers with different stereo configuration, resulting in the fact that destroying rate by bacteria for those biomarkers with weak ability will be higher than those with strong ability in resistant biodegradation. For example, 18α(H)-22,29,30-trisnorhopanes (Ts) will be destroyed more quickly than 17α(H)-22,29,30-trisnorshopanres (Tm), and 20R isomer is more quickly than 20S isomer for C29 sterane, resulting in the relative ratios changed with increasing biodegradation. Therefore, much more attention should be paid to the biodegradation extent of crude oils and the type of biomarker maturity indicators, when the distributions and the compositions of biomarkers in biodegraded oils are used to determine the maturity of biodegraded oils.
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