共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 125 毫秒
1.
中短型轨道板的几何构型介于梁、板之间,属于宽梁结构。从Mindlin板理论出发,退化得到适用于宽梁的Mindlin板梁控制方程;引入Winkler地基刚度系数,推导得到位移和转角的模态函数表达式。考虑两端简支的边界条件,得到弹性地基板梁的自由振动特征方程。通过无量纲数值算例求解出弹性地基板梁的自振频率,并与Timoshenko梁理论和Mindlin板理论进行对比。研究高跨比、泊松比和弹性地基刚度等参数对结构自振特性的影响,总结出弹性地基板梁方程的特点及适用范围,即宽度效应显著且泊松比较大的宽梁结构。 相似文献
2.
《地震工程与工程振动》2017,(2)
波形钢腹板组合箱梁扭转刚度与混凝土箱梁相比更弱,因此针对波形钢腹板组合箱梁的扭转动力性能的研究非常必要。以自振状态下的波形钢腹板组合箱梁微段为研究对象,考虑了横隔板对截面纵向纤维变形的约束,建立了约束扭转条件下的动内力平衡方程,依据乌曼斯基扭转理论以及波形钢腹板的力学性质推导得出了波形钢腹板组合箱梁在约束扭转条件下的振动微分方程;并根据简支梁的约束条件,求得了扭转振动方程的理论解。通过分别采用理论抗扭刚度与规范抗扭刚度求解扭转频率发现:约束扭转产生的翘曲应力对自振扭转频率的影响随着跨度的增大而减小;计算结果与数值模型试验结果对比分析得出:频率计算公式在跨度10 m~40 m范围内是具有较高的精度,可以用于波形钢腹板组合箱梁的扭转分析。 相似文献
3.
《世界地震工程》2016,(4)
采用三维有限元数值仿真技术对曲线箱梁进行模态分析和地震动作用下时程分析以探讨多室连续曲线箱梁自振特性和剪力滞效应。分别建立单箱单室和单箱双室多跨连续梁空间板壳有限元模型,研究箱室数和曲率角对曲线箱梁自振频率的影响,在此基础上,对单箱双室连续曲线箱梁输入天津波以分析剪滞系数沿纵、横向分布规律。结果表明:箱室数和曲率角对自振频率影响较大,前5阶自振频率随着箱室数增加在增大,随着曲率角增加,自振频率一直在减小,且不同模型的结构前3阶振型特征各不相同;受地震动激励,多室箱梁翼板剪力滞效应显著,沿横向,剪滞系数在顶板与腹板交界处形成峰值,剪滞系数高达2.505,沿纵向,中间支座截面剪力滞效应较跨中截面严重;通过定义宽径比为主要变量,采用最小二乘法对剪滞系数进行回归分析,提出计算剪滞系数峰值的经验公式,与有限元误差不足2%,满足精度要求; 相似文献
4.
为提高装配式钢结构梁柱节点的抗震性能,首先通过熔融共混法制备高阻尼性能纳米偏高岭土/氟橡胶(NanoGmetakaolin/Fluororubber,NMK/FKM)复合材料,并对该新型材料进行4种频率下的动态力学性能试验和静态力学试验,然后以 NMK/FKM 纳米复合材料为核心耗能材料,对所提出的直角型黏弹性阻尼器进行 ABAQUS有限元模拟分析.研究结果表明:当频率为1．5Hz 时,NMK/FKM 纳米复合材料宽阻尼温域和 TA 值皆达到峰值,该工况下材料的阻尼性能最佳;直角型黏弹性阻尼器表现出刚度随位移幅值的增大而增大的动力特性;当频率为0．5、1．0和1．5Hz 时,阻尼器滞回特性表现出非线性特征,当频率升至2．0Hz时,滞回特性则为线性.随着黏弹性材料层厚度的增大,滞回环面积、阻尼器刚度和最大阻尼力逐渐减小;随着高跨比的增大,阻尼器耗能性能提升.通过调整阻尼器的高跨比和阻尼材料层厚度,可以进一步提高直角型阻尼器的动态响应. 相似文献
5.
系统自振频率限制是海上风机结构设计中的一个关键因素。运行状态下风机动力荷载会引起基础的水平侧移,较大的水平侧移会导致基础刚度的降低,进一步影响风机系统的自振频率。该文基于有限元软件ABAQUS平台,建立单桩式海上风机结构系统的自振频率数值模型,并讨论运行状态下基础水平侧移对大直径海上风机系统自振频率的影响。模型中考虑了塔筒的变截面特性;桩-土相互作用通过p-y曲线方法模拟;桩和塔采用梁单元模拟;通过Pushover分析汇总出水平侧移引起的桩顶水平刚度。研究结果表明:桩基侧向位移会降低风机结构体系的自振频率;桩基侧向位移对基频的影响较小,对高阶频率的影响显著;大直径海上风机的频率计算中可忽略风机运行状态对体系自振频率的影响。 相似文献
6.
通过对单自由度(SDOF)体系弹性和弹塑性地震能量反应的计算,提出了自抵耗能和自抵耗系数的概念,并计算了弹性SDOF体系在地震动作用下的地震总输入能、自抵耗能、地震输入能以及自抵耗系数与体系自振频率和阻尼比的关系。结果表明:当体系自振频率等于地震动卓越频率时,自抵耗系数最小,地震输入能最大,结构的自抵耗能力较弱,且阻尼比对地震输入能的幅值影响较大;当自振频率远离地震动卓越频率时,自抵耗系数增大,地震输入能减小,结构的自抵耗能力增强,且地震输入能受体系的自振频率影响较大,基本上不受阻尼比的影响。文中从能量的角度对汶川地震中的一些实际震害作了相关解释。 相似文献
7.
海上风机是一种高柔性海洋结构物,其支撑结构的动力响应对风、浪、流等环境因素、风机荷载及基础刚度的影响异常敏感。建立基础-塔架-顶部集中质量为一体的风机简化计算模型,在底部弹性约束条件下考虑水平刚度和转动刚度之间的耦合。基于改进后的计算模型、经典微分方程及其边界条件,通过对方程的求解,系统研究底部基础刚度和顶部竖向轴压等设计参数对结构前四阶自振频率的影响规律。本文研究结论在一定程度上可揭示风机运行过程中因基础刚度变化而引起的支撑结构动力特性变化规律,可为今后实际工程中风机基础、支撑结构的选型及设计提供相关启示。 相似文献
8.
设计3组黏弹阻尼层设计参数不同的DIWF模型,采用ABAQUS软件对各个模型进行水平循环荷载作用下的反应分析,研究黏弹阻尼层储能剪切模量、厚度和损耗因子对DIWF的滞回性能、承载能力、刚度特性和耗能能力等性能的影响。结果表明:(1)随着黏弹阻尼层储能剪切模量的增大,DIWF的抗侧刚度和水平承载能力有所提高,但黏弹阻尼层的储能剪切模量过大时,黏弹阻尼层的剪切变形很小,DIWF的耗能能力明显降低,而且墙体容易发生破坏。建议黏弹阻尼层的储能剪切模量不宜大于0.3 MPa;(2)随着黏弹阻尼层厚度的增大,DIWF的抗侧刚度、水平承载力和耗能能力均呈下降趋势,适当减小黏弹阻尼层的厚度,有助于提高结构的滞回耗能性能,还可减少黏弹材料的用量,降低工程造价,但过薄的黏弹阻尼层不能满足剪切变形要求。黏弹阻尼层的厚度宜控制在5~15 mm之间;(3)黏弹阻尼层损耗因子的变化主要影响DIWF的耗能性能,黏弹阻尼层的损耗因子越大,DIWF的耗能能力越强。设计时,应选择损耗因子大的黏弹材料制作黏弹阻尼层。 相似文献
9.
《世界地震工程》2017,(4)
地下综合管廊由于埋深较浅,Rayleigh波能量对综合管廊的地震反应具有重要影响。建立非线性有限元三维动力数值模型,通过边界脉冲荷载生成Rayleigh波,研究Rayleigh波平行入射条件下综合管廊结构的加速度、位移和内力等响应特性,然后分别研究管廊断面尺寸、覆土厚度、Rayleigh波入射角和土体本构等因素对管廊结构动力响应特征的影响。研究结果表明:Rayleigh波平行入射作用下,综合管廊结构顶板受力表现为时而受拉以及时而受压,Rayleigh波传递过程对管廊结构受力产生不利影响;当Rayleigh波入射方向与管廊结构轴向夹角越接近90°,引起的动力响应相对越大;土体采用摩尔-库伦模型(MC模型)时,由于不能考虑材料滞回环属性对能量的耗散,相对于小应变硬化模型(HSS模型)模拟出的管廊结构内力和位移响应要大;管廊埋深越浅,结构位移响应幅值和内力响应幅度变化越大;不同截面管廊结构的纵向位移差别不大,竖向位移则随截面增大而减小,表明随着截面刚度的提高,抗变形能力增强;管廊结构内力峰值变化量随截面增大而减小,单仓结构在Rayleigh波作用下的内力响应最为显著。 相似文献
10.
我国是冻土分布大国,寒区铁路轨道普遍遭受地基土冻胀影响。以往的研究偏重地基土的冻胀特征,而对纵向非均匀冻胀变形下铁路与地基土的相互作用关注较少。基于双层弹性地基梁理论,建立铁轨-轨下基础在非均匀冻胀变形作用下的力学模型,给出模型的解析解,结合算例分析夹层弹性系数和冻胀量对轨道位移和内力的影响。结果表明：弹性夹层可以有效减弱铁轨的冻胀变形和应力响应,有利于维护铁轨的运营;铁轨和轨下基础的过渡段长度、凹凸弯折段处的剪力、弯矩随着冻胀位移的增大而增长;夹层弹性系数增大会导致冻胀力对轨下基础的影响逐渐向轨道转移;过渡段的长度只与冻胀量有关。文章提出的计算方法和分析结论可为寒区铁路设计和运营维护提供科学指导。 相似文献
11.
针对风电塔架结构内部有限的空间,设计一种新型减振系统。基于悬吊质量摆减振原理,利用形状记忆合金（SMA）的超弹性特性,将SMA丝与弹簧叠加成SMA阻尼器后并与悬吊质量摆复合,设计了一种形状记忆合金-悬吊质量摆阻尼器（SMA-SMPD）系统。研究了细部构造、减振原理和参数影响,并利用Matlab软件对单自由度体系在不同地震作用下的动力响应进行了数值模拟。结果表明:所设计的刚度和质量可调的SMA-SMPD是有效的。与结构受控频率相调时,将结构振动能量集中转换到SMA-SMPD上,可耗散结构振动能量,减震率可达30%~40%,且整体性能稳定,对结构动力响应控制效果显著。 相似文献
12.
The study reports results associated with the small to medium strain range material damping of quartz sand. The experiments were conducted in a fixed-free type resonant column and the samples were subjected to torsional mode of vibration at their first natural frequency. A comparison between the derived damping values using two different methods is presented: the steady-state vibration method (SSV) and the free-vibration decay method (FVD). Within the scatter of the data the two different methods in measuring material damping provided comparable results with a scatter, in most cases, of less than ±15% for the working strain range of the resonant column method. The damping values derived from the FVD and SSV methods were also compared with proposed models in the literature by means of stiffness degradation–damping increase correlation. 相似文献
13.
地铁以其快捷、准时、运量大等优点,已成为重要的轨道交通形式,但由此引起的环境振动问题日益突出。针对杭州市地铁3号线曲线地段的某中学建设工程,利用有限元软件ABAQUS,对车辆-普通整体道床轨道系统的竖向耦合模型进行振动响应分析,得到考虑轨道高低不平顺影响的轨道振动源强。应用有限元软件MIDAS GTS/NX,建立双孔平行曲线盾构隧道-土-桩-建筑物系统的三维有限元模型。以轨道支点力作为激励对地铁列车运行时的隧道-土-桩-建筑物系统的振动响应进行计算,研究地铁振动波在地层中的传播规律和建筑物的动力响应特性。根据相关环境振动控制标准对建筑物的振动舒适性进行评价。结果表明：轨道加速度和扣件动支点力的最大值分别约为40 m/s2和30 kN;地层和建筑物的振动以竖向为主,水平Y向振动略大于水平X向振动;地面加速度随着距隧道中心线距离的增加而逐渐衰减;各建筑物楼层的振动主频位于16~40 Hz;部分建筑物楼层的振动响应水平已超出了规范的限值要求,建议对地铁轨道或建筑物采取适当的减振措施。 相似文献
14.
This paper presents a procedure to develop scalable reduced models for the through-the soil interaction and traveling wave effects of distant sleepers in a long railway track. For development purposes, and, without loss of generality, the geometry of the sleepers is consistent with the UIC-60 track system commonly used in European high speed rail and the vertical vibration mode is considered. The ballast and the effects of soil layering are not considered in the present paper; however, it is the subject of ongoing research. The proposed reduced models are based on B-Spline impulse response functions (BIRF) of the sleepers only as computed through boundary element method (BEM) solutions of the full model, preserve the frequency content of the full models, and they are highly accurate within the assumptions of linear isotropic and homogeneous soil media. They are expressed in a scalable form with respect to soil properties and sleeper spacing. In particular, the BIRFs of distant sleepers can be accurately approximated by appropriate scaling operations of time and amplitude of a reference sleeper BIRF while retaining all dynamic characteristics of the full model. Three main scaling parameters are proposed: (i) the apparent propagation velocity, (ii) the geometric damping coefficient, and (iii) the soil properties of a reference soil (i.e., the shear modulus and shear wave velocity). The models are validated through comparisons with other BEM solutions, and the accuracy and efficiency are established. The proposed models are developed as part of an NSF funded research on vibrations induced by high-speed rail traffic and are consistent with the associated train and rail models and a multi-system interface coupling (MSIC) technique that were developed as a part of the project and presented in companion papers. The proposed procedure forms the framework for developing scaled reduced models for other vibration modes and different sleeper geometries and can be generalized to include any foundation type or layered soil profiles. 相似文献
15.
Judith Wang Xiangwu Zeng D.A. Gasparini 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2008,28(4):258-276
A proposed method for mitigating ground-borne vibration generated by high-speed trains is the usage of rubber-modified asphalt concrete as a ballast mat material. To gauge this material's influence in vibration control, a dynamic finite element code that models distinct damping properties in a large, nonhomogenous system was created. A linear hysteretic damping model is used to capture the dissipative mechanisms of each material; frequency domain substructuring is used for computational efficiency. Vibratory responses utilizing different ballast mat materials in a high-speed rail foundation are compared. It is shown that rubber-modified asphalt concrete results in a general reduction of motion, particularly in directions horizontally parallel and perpendicular to the train's passage. The described modeling procedure may be used for any dynamic analysis where the preservation of material damping characteristics is desired. 相似文献
16.
Offshore wind turbine (OWT) is a typical example of a slender engineering structure founded on large diameter rigid piles (monopiles). The natural vibration characteristics of these structures are of primary interest since the dominant loading conditions are dynamic. A rigorous analytical solution of the modified SSI eigenfrequency and damping is presented, which accounts for the cross coupling stiffness and damping terms of the soil–pile system and is applicable but not restrictive to OWTs. A parametric study was performed to illustrate the sensitivity of the eigenfrequency and damping on the foundation properties, the latter being expressed using the notion of dimensionless parameters (slenderness ratio and flexibility factor). The application of the approximate solution that disregards the off diagonal terms of the dynamic impedance matrix was found to overestimate the eigenfrequency and underestimate the damping. The modified SSI eigenfrequency and damping was mostly affected by the soil–pile properties, when the structural eigenfrequency was set between the first and second eigenfrequency of the soil layer. Caution is suggested when selecting one of the popular design approaches for OWTs, since the dynamic SSI effects may drive even a conservative design to restrictive frequency ranges, nonetheless along with advantageous – from a designers perspective – increased damping. 相似文献
17.
18.
19.
拉索端部弹性约束振动控制研究(Ⅱ)——试验验证 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
在索端沿轴向设置弹性约束,对拉索振动轴向被动控制进行了试验研究。研究了支座移动对拉索振动频率的影响;验证了弹性约束对拉索振动的减振效果,讨论了阻尼系数和弹簧刚度对减振效果的影响;最后验证文献[10]中理论研究的正确性。 相似文献
20.
Chunxiang Li 《地震工程与结构动力学》2000,29(9):1405-1421
Multiple tuned mass dampers (MTMDs) consisting of many tuned mass dampers (TMDs) with a uniform distribution of natural frequencies are considered for attenuating undesirable vibration of a structure. The MTMD is manufactured by keeping the stiffness and damping constant and varying the mass. The structure is represented by its mode‐generalized system in the specific vibration mode being controlled using the mode reduced‐order method. The optimum parameters of the MTMD are investigated to delineate the influence of the important parameters on the effectiveness and robustness of the MTMD by conducting a numerical searching technique in two directions. The parameters include: the frequency spacing, average damping ratio, mass ratio and total number. The criterion selected for the optimization is the minimization of the maximum value of the dynamic magnification factor (DMF) of the structure with MTMD (i.e. Min.Max.DMF). In this paper, for the sake of comparison, the MTMD(II), which is made by keeping the mass constant and varying the stiffness and damping coefficient, and a single TMD are also taken into account. It is demonstrated that the optimum frequency spacing of the MTMD is the same as that of the MTMD(II) and the optimum average damping ratio of the MTMD is a little larger than that of the MTMD(II). It is also found that the optimum MTMD is more effective than the optimum MTMD(II) and the optimum single TMD with equal mass. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献