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1975-2005年间，四川省理塘毛垭温泉水温变化与地震有一定的对应.地热变化异常与地震的密切关系已被较多震例所证实. 2005年2月25日（温泉水温53 ℃）～3月14日（温泉水温26.9 ℃），毛垭温泉水温下降了26.1 ℃，2月水温月均值54.1 ℃、3月水温月均值30.7 ℃，下降了23.4 ℃，这一现象引起了地震系统各级领导和专家的高度重视.2005年3月中国地震局监测预报司在成都主持召开了南北地震带紧急震情会商会.根据会议决定，四川省地震局预报研究所组织了“毛垭温泉水温异常专题研讨会”，针对毛垭温泉水温下降异常，将30年来的资料进行了系统全面的分析，对于毛垭温泉的地震地质背景、温泉的热源、水温异常与强地震的关系作了较深入的研究，并且重点研究了水温下降异常特征与川滇两省强震的关系，对于毛垭温泉未来水温的三种动态变化趋势和近期川滇两省的强震趋势进行了探讨。 相似文献
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1976年以来,四川理塘温泉水温观测积累了大量的观测资料及异常变化信息。通过对理塘温泉周边7级以上地震前理塘水温原始观测值出现的显著变化进行总结,发现理塘温泉水温在多次7级以上地震前均出现了大幅度破年变下降,下降变化幅度超过5℃,持续低值状态时间超过半年。同时,利用Molchan图表法计算理塘水温的原始观测值、一阶差分原始值及绝对值、去趋势差分值、滑动值,并对经验模式和Dobrovolsky地震能量模型所选取的2个地震目录分别进行了检验和分析,计算时间占有率、预测效能和概率增益等参数。结果显示,由于经验模式条目少于Dobrovolsky地震能量模型所筛选的条目,计算出的预报效能整体高于Dobrovolsky地震能量模型,而其中一阶差分原始值及绝对值检验结果较好,其差分绝对值在阈值为4.89℃时的预报效能为0.6,证明理塘水温短时间内温度大幅变化与周边地震存在对应关系,该阈值也较为接近经验预报的相关阈值。 相似文献
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采用四川理塘毛垭51泉46年的人工观测水温数据,结合区域水文地质、水文地球化学、气象等资料,分析了水温的基本动态特征、水温异常的映震特征及其在漾濞MS6.4地震前的异常变化,并初步讨论了异常机理。结果表明：理塘毛垭51泉水温在不同背景温度下的震前水温上升幅度指标存在差异,2009年以来温泉变为低温温泉,水温上升异常阈值由原8℃降低为6℃。理塘毛垭51泉具有深循环特征,且处于构造交汇部位,水温异常变化能够反映地壳深度热流和构造活动信息,对青藏高原东南缘中强震具有较好的预测效能,优势预测区域为川滇交界西侧。 相似文献
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在2013年芦山MS7.0地震震中附近流体观测点进行现场考察的基础上, 本文选择川西地区观测环境较好、 干扰较少的温泉水温观测资料进行回溯性分析. 结果表明, 康定龙头沟和二道桥温泉、 道孚龙普沟温泉、 理塘毛垭温泉、 泸定共和温泉水温在芦山地震前均出现不同程度的异常变化. 其主要表现为, 距离震中较远的理塘毛垭温泉和道孚龙普沟温泉水温在震前2年左右出现中期尺度异常, 距离震中较近的康定龙头沟和二道桥温泉水温在震前3个月内出现短期异常. 通过温泉水化学及δD-δ18O稳定同位素特征分析, 认为这些温泉水具有深循环特征, 能灵敏地反映地壳深部地热及构造变化信息, 是芦山地震前观测到异常的可能原因. 加强对这些温泉点的观测, 对区域地震预测研究具有重要的科学意义和现实意义. 相似文献
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对2018—2019年新疆伽师地区9个温泉的主量元素、微量元素、氢氧同位素、Sr同位素含量以及SiO2含量进行了采样测试,并于2019年9月—2020年7月对其中2个温泉的水化学变化进行监测,分析2020年新疆伽师MS6.4地震前后研究区温泉水化学组分和同位素组成的变化。结果表明：（1）研究区温泉可以划分为9种水化学类型,主要受蒸发盐岩的溶解作用控制,其次是碳酸盐岩及硅酸盐岩风化溶解作用;（2）氢氧同位素测试表明温泉水主要来源于周围6 km高山的冰川融水与大气降水,水-岩化学反应平衡特征表明乌恰泥火山、因干、塔合曼和阿合其温泉循环深度较深,水-岩反应程度高,而其它温泉的循环深度较浅,存在浅部冷水混入;（3）利用温标法估算该地区温泉的热储温度为17℃～82℃,循环深度约为0.6～3.2 km;（4）因干温泉及塔合曼温泉的常量及微量元素浓度在伽师MS6.4地震前9～19 d有明显的异常,其异常幅度达到平均值的15%左右。 相似文献
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川西温泉水温动态类型及其形成模式 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
本文分析和总结了川西温泉水温动态的基本特征,按其成因初步作了分类。川西温泉的水温动态受地球内力(区域构造应力、孕震发震应力)和外力(仅考虑气象因素)两大类因素的制约,而以地球内力为主,故可将水温动态分为内力型与外力型两大类。外力型水温动态又可分为气压、气温和降水型三个亚类。此外,还有复合类型。对于开放程度不同的水热 相似文献
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四川西部温泉水温变化与地震前兆的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文以四川西部的毛垭、玉科、龙普沟,热乌温泉和拖坝气泉为代表。以多年水温观测资料为基础,讨论了对应或预报较好的几次四川大地震,通过现场调查和资料分析,认为温泉的水温变化是地震的前兆信息。同时,对温泉的水温变化机理进行初步讨论。 相似文献
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The results of geological, geochemical and isotopic investigations in the Hengill thermal area in Iceland are presented. This area may be regarded as typical of the Icelandic high temperature areas. The Hengill area is mainly built up of pillow lavas and hyaloclastites, which were piled up in subglacial eruptions. Its western half is traversed by a very active NE-SW trending fault zone about 5 km broad, within which are several eruptive fissures of postglacial age. The volcanic rocks are basalts of various kinds, but minor occurrences of intermediate and rhyolitic rocks are also found. Solfataras and fumaroles occur mainly at higher altitude. Within the fault zone they have a linear distribution along faults. Hot water springs are found in the lowlands on the southern border of the thermal area. The concentrations of chlorine, tritium and deuterium in the water indicate that the hot springs on the lowland are fed by a deep lying aquifer which receives water from a recharge area situated in the western branch of the active volcanic zone upto 70 km to the northeast. The hot springs at higher altitude are the outlets of a secondary circulation system fed by local rain water. This water derives its heat partly from the heat content of the rocks penetrated and partly by steam and gas boiled off from the deeper lying aquifer. Preliminary results from other high temperature areas in Iceland indicate the presence of similar hydrological systems. 相似文献
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根据地球内部热状况及震源热力学理论,分析了全球地热带与地震活动带之间的密切关系。指出我国1966年—1988年强震(Ms≥7.0)多发生在地热异常区的边缘(两端和两侧)及两个相近热区之间的地热梯度带。认为区域热流动态的分布特征是地震危险区的重要判别指标之一,与构造活动断裂有关的深井,温泉的温度变化可能是地热异常显示的灵敏“窗口”。 相似文献
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本文从四个方面讨论了东南沿海地区地温场的形成及其分布规律:1.区域地质构造条件,其中着重讨论了岩浆岩的分布及其与地质构造的关系;2.测温资料的分析和处理;3.地温分布的主要特征;4.控制地温场的主要因素。本文除对深部地壳结构及区域地质构造等主要控制因素进行了讨论外,还就岩浆岩中特别是燕山期花岗岩中放射性元素的含量及其蜕变产生热对地温场可能产生的影响进行了探讨。 从而认为东南沿海地区的地温场形成模式主要有传导型的地温场和传导附加以对流型的地温场两种类型 相似文献
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江西省龙南县汤湖地热田地表热水温度62～72°C,涌水量3095m^3／d。热水中偏硅酸、锂、锶、氟及氡含量较高,微硫化氢气味,无生物、化学污染,可用于采暖、医疗、洗浴。 相似文献
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Earthquake swarms in California are often localized to areas within dextral offsets in the linear trend in active fault strands, suggesting a relation between earthquake swarms and local crustal spreading. Local crustal spereading is required by the geometry of dextral offsets when, as in the San Andreas system, faults have dominantly strike-slip motion with right-lateral displacement. Three clear examples of this relation occur in the Imperial Valley, Coso Hot Springs, and the Danville region, all in California. The first two of these areas are known for their Holocene volcanism and geothermal potential, which is consistent with crustal spreading and magmatic intrusion. The third example, however, shows no evidence for volcanism or geothermal activity at the surface. 相似文献
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恰卜恰地热区位于青海共和盆地的东北部,是我国重要的具有干热岩地热资源勘探开发潜力的地区之一.自2013年起,不同的研究者针对该区开展了大量地球物理探测工作,然而现今地热场的研究相对较少.本文基于4口干热岩钻孔的稳态测温资料和81块岩芯样品的热导率测试数据,计算了研究区4个大地热流值.研究结果表明：研究区基底花岗岩层现今地温梯度为39.0~45.2℃·km-1,平均值为41.3℃·km-1,大地热流值介于93.3~111.0 mW·m-2之间,平均值为102.2 mW·m-2,与我国主要的克拉通型盆地（如柴达木盆地、四川盆地和鄂尔多斯盆地）和新生代裂谷型盆地（如渤海湾盆地）相比,该区属于青藏高原高热流背景下的局部异常高地温梯度和高大地热流区.分析认为,研究区高地热异常可能暗示共和盆地浅部（20 km以浅）存在局部异常热源体（岩浆囊）. 相似文献
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淮北煤田是我国华东地区最主要的能源供给基地之一,研究其现今地温场特征既是强烈的现实要求,也具有十分重要的理论意义.本文在淮北煤田宿临矿区区域地质研究的基础上,根据位于宿临矿区内不同构造单元中的8个主要煤矿井田及其邻近区域111个钻孔的测温数据,绘制了矿区现今地温\|深度关系图、现今地温梯度\|深度关系图以及不同构造单元的现今地温梯度分布图,分析了宿临矿区现今地温场的分布特征.研究表明,宿临矿区现今地温梯度分布范围介于1.50～3.80 ℃/hm,整个矿区平均现今地温梯度约为2.65 ℃/hm,与华北其他主要能源盆地相比有所差异.宿临矿区现今地温梯度在相同构造单元内分布具有褶皱隆起区高、断裂密集区域高的特点;不同构造单元中井田的平均现今地温梯度相比较则表现出由东部构造单元至西部构造单元逐步增高的趋势.分析表明,区内现今地温场主要受构造格局和岩性变化影响. 相似文献
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D. E. White 《Bulletin of Volcanology》1966,29(1):481-483
The potential of a geothermal area is primarily dependent on volume and temperature of the reservoir and adequacy of fluid supply. Inadequate fluid supply may be a more common limiting factor than inadequate heat supply, for heat stored in the upper 10,000 ft of many hot spring systems is 1,000 to 10,000 times their annual natural heat flow. Except in very porous reservoirs, most of this heat is stored in rocks rather than in pore fluids. Geothermal fields can be classified as hot spring systems or as deep insulated reservoirs with little surface expression; gradations also exist. Hot spring systems have high near-surface permeability, at least locally on faults and fractures, permitting fluids to escape at high rates. Owing to vigorous circulation and escaping fluids and heat, near-surface temperatures are high, but temperatures deep in the system are lower than would prevail with inhibited escape. Deep reservoirs with little surface expression require permeable reservoir rocks capped by insulating rocks of low permeability. Larderello, Italy, and Salton Sea, California, have slight leakage, but others may have no leakage. Liquid water, which can be at temperatures far above 100° C because of existing pressures, is generally the dominant fluid. Steam can form by boiling as hot water rises to levels of lower pressure. However, in several explored systems the heat supply is so high and rate of discharge of water so low that steam exists even deep in the system. Dry steam areas are probably rare. About 30 areas in the United States have been explored for geothermal energy, but dry steam has been proved only at « The Geysers ». Extensive utilisation of geothermal energy must therefore depend largely upon steam « flashed » from hot water with decrease in pressure. Problems that confront broad utilisation of geothermal energy include: 1) discovery of reservoirs with adequate supply of energy and natural fluids; 2) deposition of CaCO; or SiO2; 3) chemical corrosion; 4) objectionable chemicals in some effluents; and 5) inapplicability of existing public laws. The optimum environment for a geothermal reservoir includes:
- 1.Potent source of heat, such as a magma chamber. A depth of at least two miles provides enough pressure to insure water of high temperature; 5 miles may be too deep for effective transfer of heat to circulating water. Such heat sources are most likely to occur in regions of late Cenozoic volcanism. 相似文献
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Serkan Üner Gülçin Özürlan Ağaçgözgü Doğa Düşünür Doğan 《Geophysical Prospecting》2019,67(8):2176-2195
Western Anatolia hosts many low-to-moderate and high-temperature geothermal sources in which active faults play a dominant role to control the recharge and the discharge of geothermal fluid. In this study, we used the two-dimensional geoelectric structure of Kütahya Hisarcık geothermal field, and created a conceptual hydrogeophysical model that includes faults, real topographical variations and geological units. The temperature distribution and fluid flow pattern are also investigated. The depth extension of Hisarcık Fault, electrical basement and low resistivity anomalies related to the presence of geothermal fluid are determined by using resistivity studies in the area. Numerical simulations suggest that Hisarcık fault functioning as a fluid conduit primarily enables hot fluid to be transported from depth to the surface. It is shown that the locations of predicted outflow vents coincide with those of hot springs in the area. 相似文献
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Li Ming Li GuoMin Yang Liao Dang XueYa Zhao ChunHu Hou GuangCai Zhang MaoSheng 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2007,50(1):36-41
The quantitative assessment of geothermal water resources is important to the exploitation and utilization of geothermal resources. In the geothermal water systems the density of groundwater changes with the temperature, therefore the variations in hydraulic heads and temperatures are very complicated. A three-dimensional density-dependent model coupling the groundwater flow and heat transport is established and used to simulate the geothermal water flow in the karst aquifers in eastern Weibei, Shaanxi Province, China. The multilayered karst aquifer system in the study area is cut by some major faults which control the regional groundwater flow. In order to calibrate and simulate the effect of the major faults, each fault is discretized as a belt of elements with special hydrological parameters in the numerical model. The groundwater dating data are used to be integrated with the groundwater flow pattern and calibrate the model. Simulation results show that the calculated hydraulic heads and temperature fit with the observed data well.
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