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利用云南腾冲火山地区15个固定台站记录到的7923次地震的P波到时资料,采用双差层析成像方法,反演得到腾冲火山及周边地区地壳及上地幔顶部三维P波速度结构和地震重定位结果.研究发现,腾冲火山区域地壳内存在明显的地震波低速区,P波速度低于整个区域地壳速度平均值超过15%,上地幔顶部存在规模较大的低速异常区.推测腾冲火山地区存在较大规模的地幔热物质上涌以及向地壳的侵入,热物质在地壳内以岩浆囊形式存储,并且壳内岩浆囊之间可能存在岩浆通道.通过联合反演获得的地震重定位结果显示,丛集地震位置更加集中,其展布特征与断裂构造具有显著的对应关系,表明研究区域断裂构造比较活跃.获得的高分辨率三维P波层析成像结果,为进一步认识火山地区岩浆存储特征以及地震分布与区域构造之间的关系提供了新的地震学依据. 相似文献
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腾冲火山地区的地震活动特征 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
对腾冲火山地区的地震活动时空分布及震情参数的研究结果表明，与火山活动区有关的地震活动具有以下特征：周围构造地震活动频繁而火山群地区则处于地震活动相对平静的背景，震级较低（最高为５．０～６．０级）；地震活动以小的震群活动为主，微震主要发生在腾冲县城南部的热海热田地区。长期的地震频率ｂ值高，达１．２左右；震源深度在０～２０ｋｍ范围，受周围构造大地震的影响，导致火山区地壳内部岩浆活动引起的岩浆冲击型地震发生；火山体地下低速层的存在与地下热物质有关。从腾冲火山活动区地震的时空分布特征和震情参数特征表现出与世界上其它火山地震的相似关系，表明腾冲火山不是死火山，火山体地壳内部存在的岩浆囊或岩浆移动通道内岩浆仍在活动。 相似文献
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20 0 2年 6月 13日至 9月 13日腾冲火山区流动数字化地震台网记录了腾冲火山区及周边地区的 2 92次地震事件。对资料的初步分析表明 ,在本次观测期间 ,腾冲火山区南部地区火山地震活动仍然频繁 ,以微震为主。选用发生在火山区的 33个地震震源参数计算得出的拐角频率为 4 37～11 87Hz、应力降为 0 0 0 5～ 0 2 77MPa ,显示该区域尚属低应力分布区。S波湮灭图像的再次出现 ,充分表明在腾冲县城西南至热海的马鞍山火山、老龟坡火山一带有岩浆囊熔融体存在的可能 ,深度不超过 10km。文中还展示了台网记录到的S波湮灭、微破裂高频地震、波形特征类似火山颤动 (包络型事件 )的图像 相似文献
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云南腾冲火山地区的地震类型 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
详细记述了与腾冲火山活动有关的历史地震资料,重点分析了１９６１年６月１２日腾冲玉壁山Ｍ５．８级地震和１９７６年７月２１日腾冲Ｍ５．１级地震的类型,半讨论了腾冲火山地下介绍与周边地区的差异性,结果表明,发生于腾冲火山地区的地震,有部份属于火山地城类型,腾冲火山不是死火山,火山下部的岩浆仍在活动。 相似文献
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《地震地质》2020,(3)
海南琼东北地区是中国新生代以来火山活动最强烈、持续时间最长的地区之一,历史上曾发生1605年琼山7.5级大地震。最新的水准、形变测量以及In SAR资料揭示在琼山7.5级大地震震中以南的地区存在1条SN向展布的沉陷区,沿该区小地震活动频发,即铺前湾—冯家湾小地震密集条带,有研究推测该小地震密集条带与深部岩浆系统的发育有关。为了进一步探测研究琼东北火山区火山岩浆系统的深部结构、地下介质属性、小地震活动和形变变化与火山深部岩浆系统分布的深层关系,2017年初在琼东北地区以雷虎岭-马鞍岭火山区为中心针对2条剖面开展了大地电磁探测,使用相位张量分解技术对其电性结构进行分析,并使用大地电磁三维反演技术获得了沿剖面的三维深部电性结构图像。探测结果进一步确定了琼东北火山区下方的介质属性和低阻体的赋存范围,并发现琼东北地区的电性结构存在明显的东西差异,电阻率值东高西低。此外,在琼东北地区地壳中存在2个低阻体,分别为海南岛西北部澄迈县区域(即雷虎岭和马鞍岭火山口西侧)下方中地壳碗状向W倾斜的低阻体和龙泉下方的低阻体;而在海南岛东北部的铺前湾—冯家湾小地震密集条带与地面沉陷区的深部并没有低阻介质赋存,排除了小地震是由于壳内火山岩浆活动引起的可能。 相似文献
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应用地震CT技术研究长白山火山的岩浆囊 总被引：13，自引：3，他引：10
中国火山学专家报导了长白山火山存在一定的潜在的喷发危险性及其地质背景等研究成果;美国、日本、德国的火山学家到该火山区进行过考察,也认为该火山存在一定的潜在危险性;国家科委根据有关方面的建议,已将“长白山火山危险性的研究”列入专项计划之中;其中有一个子课题是“应用地震ＣＴ技术研究长白山火山的岩浆囊”．本文报导的主要内容有：１）１９９４年张禹慎发展的“上地幔Ｓ波三维速度结构的方法”建立上地幔Ｓ波ＲＧ５．５速度模型,该模型能显示全球任一地区、任一剖面、深至５００公里的三维速度结构;他作出世界上２０个火山区,其中有１７个火山区下面均有明显的Ｓ波低速层,在不同程度上反映了＂低速层岩浆囊＂的存在;已作出通过长白山天地火山的３条速度剖面;该模型显示出：在长白山天池火山下面存在速度的负异常达２．５％的“低速囊”,其深度从３８—６５公里;其展布范围约１００—２００公里的范围;２）改进面波品质因数Ｑ值的成像方法,进一步收集２００次地震面波记录资料,应用“卷积反投影方法反演地壳面波品质因数Ｑ值的成像系统”长白山火山及其邻近地区面波Ｑ值分布,看出天池地区Ｑ＝１６１比中国地区Ｑ值的平均值偏低很多;这很可能与该地区下面地温偏高和岩层的 相似文献
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The Yellowstone volcano is one of the largest active volcanoes in the world, and its potential hazards demand detailed seismological and geodetic studies. Previous studies with travel time tomography and receiver functions have revealed a low-velocity layer in the crust beneath the Yellowstone volcano, suggesting the presence of a magma chamber at depth. We use ambient seismic noise from regional seismic stations to retrieve short-period surface waves and then study the shallow shear velocity structure of the Yellowstone region by surface wave dispersion analysis. We first obtained a crustal model of the area outside of the Yellowstone volcano and then constructed an absolute shear wave velocity structure in combination with receiver function results for the crust beneath the Yellowstone volcano. The velocity model shows a low-velocity layer with shear velocity at around 1.3 km/s, suggesting that a large-scale magma chamber exists at shallow levels within the crust of the Yellowstone volcanic region. 相似文献
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利用探测深俯冲的中国东北地震台阵NECsaids的60个流动台与固定地震台2010年7月至2014年12月的垂向连续波形数据,采用地震背景噪声成像方法获得了研究区6~40 s周期的瑞雷波相速度分布,并通过相速度频散反演得到了研究区下方0~50 km的三维S波速度结构.结果表明:研究区下方地壳S波速度结构存在明显的横向和纵向不均匀性,浅部速度结构与浅表地质构造单元有较好的对应,深部速度结构较好地反映了区域火山活动及深部热物质作用的结构特征;在长白山火山下方9~30 km深度范围内存在明显低速区并有向下延伸的趋势,推测可能为长白山火山地壳岩浆囊;在龙岗火山下方12~30 km深度范围内发现较弱的低速区,可能代表火山喷发后的残留物,而在镜泊湖火山下方没有明显的低速异常,说明镜泊湖火山地壳内可能不存在部分熔融的岩浆物质. 相似文献
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Haruhisa Nakamichi Satoru Tanaka Hiroyuki Hamaguchi 《Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research》2002,116(3-4)
A genetic algorithm inversion of receiver functions derived from a dense seismic network around Iwate volcano, northeastern Japan, provides the fine S wave velocity structure of the crust and uppermost mantle. Since receiver functions are insensitive to an absolute velocity, travel times of P and S waves propagating vertically from earthquakes in the subducting slab beneath the volcano are involved in the inversion. The distribution of velocity perturbations in relation to the hypocenters of the low-frequency (LF) earthquakes helps our understanding of deep magmatism beneath Iwate volcano. A high-velocity region (dVS/VS=10%) exists around the volcano at depths of 2–15 km, with the bottom depth decreasing to 11 km beneath the volcano’s summit. Just beneath the thinning high-velocity region, a low-velocity region (dVS/VS=−10%) exists at depths of 11–20 km. Intermediate-depth LF (ILF) events are distributed vertically in the high-velocity region down to the top of the low-velocity region. This distribution suggests that a magma reservoir situated in the low-velocity region supplies magma to a narrow conduit that is detectable by the hypocenters of LF earthquakes. Another broad low-velocity region (dVS/VS=−5 to −10%) occurs at depths of 17–35 km. Additional clusters of deep LF (DLF) events exist at depths of 32–37 km in the broad low-velocity zone. The DLF and ILF events are the manifestations of magma movement near the Moho discontinuity and in the conduit just beneath the volcano, respectively. 相似文献
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Heidi Soosalu Janet Key Robert S. White Clare Knox Páll Einarsson Steinunn S. Jakobsdóttir 《Bulletin of Volcanology》2010,72(1):55-62
The lower crust of magmatically active rifts is usually too hot and ductile to allow seismicity. The Icelandic mid-Atlantic
rift is characterized by high heat flow, abundant magmatism generating up to 25–30 km thick crust, and seismicity within the
upper 8 km of the crust. In a 20-seismometer survey in July-August 2006 within the northern rift zone around the Askja volcano
we recorded ~1700 upper-crustal earthquakes cutting off at 7–8 km depth, marking the brittle-ductile boundary. Unexpectedly,
we discovered 100 small-magnitude (ML <1.5) earthquakes, occurring in swarms mostly at 14–26 km depth within the otherwise aseismic lower crust, and beneath the
completely aseismic middle crust. A repeat survey during July-August 2007 yielded more than twice as many lower-crustal events.
Geodetic and gravimetric data indicate melt drainage from crustal magma chambers beneath Askja. We interpret the microearthquakes
to be caused by melt moving through the crust from the magma source feeding Askja. They represent bursts of magma motion opening
dykes over distances of a few meters, facilitated by the extensional setting of the active rift zone. 相似文献
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The Alban Hills, a Quaternary volcanic center lying west of the central Apennines, 15–25 km southeast of Rome, last erupted
19 ka and has produced approximately 290 km3 of eruptive deposits since the inception of volcanism at 580 ka. Earthquakes of moderate intensity have been generated there
at least since the Roman age. Modern observations show that intermittent periods of swarm activity originate primarily beneath
the youngest features, the phreatomagmatic craters on the west side of the volcano. Results from seismic tomography allow
identification of a low-velocity region, perhaps still hot or partially molten, more than 6 km beneath the youngest craters
and a high-velocity region, probably a solidified magma body, beneath the older central volcanic construct. Thirty centimeters
of uplift measured by releveling supports the contention that high levels of seismicity during the 1980s and 1990s resulted
from accumulation of magma beneath these craters. The volume of magma accumulation and the amount of maximum uplift was probably
at least 40×106 m3 and 40 cm, respectively. Comparison of newer levelings with those completed in 1891 and 1927 suggests earlier episodes of
uplift. The magma chamber beneath the western Alban Hills is probably responsible for much of the past 200 ka of eruptive
activity, is still receiving intermittent batches of magma, and is, therefore, continuing to generate modest levels of volcanic
unrest. Bending of overburden is the most likely cause of the persistent earthquakes, which generally have hypocenters above
the 6-km-deep top of the magma reservoir. In this view, the most recent uplift and seismicity are probably characteristic
and not precursors of more intense activity.
Received: 15 April 1997 / Accepted: 9 August 1997 相似文献
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The teleseismic receiver functions of 48 stations belonging to the CCDSN are used to invert the crustal structure beneath each station with the neighborhood algorithm. Thin layers with low velocity have been found beneath eight stations with "abnormal" observed receiver functions. Unreasonable results of few stations have been adjusted lightly with the trial-and-error method. The final result indicates that the crust in the western China is relatively thicker than the eastern China. The crust thickness beneath the Tibetan plateau is very large, which reaches 84 km at the station LSA. Double-crust structure exists below the stations LSA and CAD in Tibet, which might imply the collision between the Indian and Eurasian plates. A pronounced low velocity zone in the lower crust beneath the station TNC of Yunnan province might relate to the high temperature or emergence of partially molten material caused by Quaternary volcano, magma and geothermal activities in this area. The Moho is a transitional zone made up of thin layers instead of simple sharp discontinuity beneath several stations. The Conrad discontinuity is clearly identified beneath 20 stations mainly in the southeastern China, whereas it is blurry beneath 14 stations and uncertain beneath remaining stations. 相似文献
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This paper is concerned with eruptions, seismicity, and deformation on Klyuchevskoi Volcano during the summit eruptions of 2012–2013, with the condition of the central crater during the eruptions, and with the effect that is exerted by the height of the lava in the crater on the start of the eruptions. The recurrence of eruptions in the North Volcanic Cluster (NVC), Kamchatka showed that all the four volcanoes in the cluster (Klyuchevskoi, Tolbachik, Shiveluch, and Bezymyannyi) become active during definite phases that were identified in the 18.6-year lunar cycle. This relationship of the NVC eruptions to the active phases in the 18.6-year lunar cycle, as well as the relationship to the 11-year solar activity, showed that eruptions can be predicted, yielding long-term estimates of activity for the NVC volcanoes. The short-term prediction of volcanic eruptions requires knowledge of seismicity and deformation that occur during the precursory period and during the occurrence of eruptions. Seismic activity during the summit eruptions of 2003–2013 took place in the depth range 20–25 km during repose periods of the volcano and at depths of 0–5 km in the volcanic edifice during the eruption. One notes an almost complete absence of any earthquakes at great depths during the summit eruptions. Volcanic tremor (VT) was recorded from the time that the eruptions began and continued to occur until the end. Geodetic measurements showed that the center of the magma pressure beneath the volcano during the parasitic and summit eruptions of 1979–1989 moved in the 4–17 km depth range, while during the summit eruptions of 2003–2013 the center moved in the 15–20 km range. These changes in the depth of the center of magma pressure may have been related to evacuation from shallow magma chambers. 相似文献
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M. Popa M. Radulian A. Szakács I. Seghedi B. Zaharia 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2012,169(9):1557-1573
The southern part of the southeastern Carpathians represents the site of the most recent volcanic eruptions of the entire Carpathian-Pannonian region. The products of these eruptions range from 42 to 10?Ka radiocarbon ages in the South Harghita Mountains (high K calc-alkaline rocks with adakite-like features), and at 1.2–0.6?Ma?K–Ar ages in the Per?ani Mountains (alkali basalts). They were emplaced in a post-collisional regime. Ciomadul volcano is located at the southernmost part of the NW–SE oriented C?limani-Gurghiu-Harghita range crossing the inner part of the southeastern Carpathians and in the rough proximity of the Vrancea seismic zone (at ca. 60?km toward NW). Its magma generation is attributed to geodynamic events closely related to the seismogenic area. A number of particular geophysical and geochemical features located in the study region, including (1) the abrupt attenuation of the seismic waves originating from the Vrancea intermediate-depth foci, (2) the most intense heat-flow anomaly in Romania, (3) the most prominent 3He/4He anomaly measured in natural “postvolcanic” gas emanations, are all in favor of the hypothesis of a still existing hot local magma chamber. Data acquired during recent seismic monitoring of the Vrancea zone and its neighborhoods suggest an enhancement of the local seismicity beneath the southern edge of the South Harghita Mts., both at crustal and subcrustal levels. At the same time, recent tomography images obtained using local earthquake data correlate well with the presence of a vertically extended low-velocity zone coming from the upper mantle to the assumed magmatic chambers located in the crust. The present data, supporting the presence of an active crustal magma chamber beneath Ciomadul, allow us to consider that future volcanic activity at this volcano cannot be discarded. 相似文献
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《Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research》2002,113(3-4):399-414
We describe the seismicity at Iwate volcano, northeastern Japan, during the volcanic unrest of 1998 with reference to a three-dimensional P and S wave velocity model from tomographic analysis. The abnormal seismic activity beneath Iwate volcano started under the caldera in February, 1998 and migrated westward in the period February to August, 1998. Previous geodetic modeling [Sato and Hamaguchi, Chikyu Monthly 21 (1999) 312–317] suggested the growth of a dike in the time of the seismic activity. Comparing the seismicity and dike extension with the tomographic images of the P and S wave velocity structure, we find that the trace of the growing dike coincides with the region of the high Vp and high Vp/Vs ratio beneath the volcano. The seismic and geodetic data are consistent with an intrusion of magma or other fluid under the caldera in 1998. Another pressure source causing the predominant crustal deformation at Iwate volcano was detected from geodetic data, which was located in the region with high Vp/Vs ratio under the western end of the volcano through the period from February to August. It is suggested that the activation of the point pressure source probably associated with the inflation of a hot fluid reservoir relate to a geothermal region adjacent to the western edge of the volcano. 相似文献