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1.
地表水体中沉积物表面通常会附着一层自然生物膜,对上覆水-沉积物界面化学物质的迁移转化有着重要的影响.以往研究往往会忽略这一生物层面,因而,开展磷在"沉积物-自然生物膜-上覆水"三相界面之间的迁移转化研究具有重要的实际意义.以软性填料表面形成的自然生物膜模拟沉积物表层以及悬浮颗粒物表层的自然生物膜,开展磷在沉积物-自然生物膜-上覆水之间的迁移转化过程研究.结果表明:有无曝气情况下,自然生物膜界面的存在均能够显著降低上覆水中总磷、溶解态总磷、溶解态无机磷的含量,明显抑制沉积物中可交换态磷向上覆水释放.研究证明自然生物膜在水体磷的迁移转化中起着不可忽视的作用,在研究沉积物-上覆水界面之间磷的迁移转化行为时,要充分考虑自然生物膜界面的存在.  相似文献   

2.
东洞庭湖沉积物覆水后磷形态变化及其释放量   总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3  
王婷  王坤  姜霞 《湖泊科学》2018,30(4):937-947
研究干燥覆水后低流速条件下东洞庭湖沉积物中磷的形态变化及释放量,可以为轻度富营养化湖泊中磷的生物地球化学循环提供基础数据,为季节性湖泊內源营养盐的迁移转化规律研究、內源营养盐的释放风险评价提供理论依据.本文采集处于干湿交替状态的东洞庭湖表层沉积物,利用室内模拟装置,研究风干沉积物低流速条件下覆水后沉积物及上覆水中磷的形态变化.结果表明,低流速覆水后东洞庭湖沉积物中的磷向上覆水及大气中迁移释放,上覆水中磷的释放量随覆水时长增大,释放速率随覆水时长减小,上覆水流速和磷释放量相关性显著.上覆水循环过程中释放到上覆水中的溶解态有机磷比溶解态活性磷更容易吸附于颗粒物而转化为颗粒态磷.覆水后沉积物中各形态有机磷、无机磷及磷的生物有效性均发生转变,覆水初期沉积物中无机磷向有机磷转化,磷的生物可利用性增大;上覆水循环过程中有机磷向无机磷转化,磷的生物可利用性减小;覆水后沉积物的无机磷的主要组分由铝磷转变为铁磷,有机磷的主要组分有从中活性有机磷向活性有机磷转变的趋势.  相似文献   

3.
[专稿]湖泊沉积物-水界面研究进展与展望   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
范成新 《湖泊科学》2019,31(5):1191-1218
湖泊沉积物-水界面是以水层/沉积层物相为基础、具有一定立体尺度的交接面,界面上所发生的由生物积极参与的物理、化学和生物学微小反应和环境变化,都会对界面附近物质的状态和迁移转化行为产生着复杂影响.本文首先回顾了沉积物-水界面研究100多年来的发展历程及国内外近20年发展.然后系统介绍了国际上对沉积物-水界面的物理尺度与结构的宏观和微观认识;重点综述了沉积物间隙水的取样、物化性质的多维测定与结构表征、过程的静态和动态模拟等湖泊沉积物-水界面研究技术与方法;分析和展示了氮磷等营养物、重金属和持久性有机污染物在湖泊沉积物-水界面迁移转化过程的研究进展;总结和归纳了在沉积物-水界面过程的模型研究、沉积物-水界面物质交换的定量化、界面过程与湖泊生态环境灾害关系等模型与过程效应方面的研究成果.最后对沉积物-水界面信息获取技术的研发方向、界面物质交换定量化研究的关注点,以及加强模型的应用和构建等方面进行了展望.  相似文献   

4.
为探讨水丝蚓(Tubificid worms)扰动对磷在湖泊沉积物-水界面间迁移的影响,选取太湖梅梁湾与大浦口两富营养化湖区为研究对象,通过室内培养实验,利用Rhizon间隙水采样器等技术,研究了水丝蚓扰动对太湖沉积物-水界面理化性质及溶解活性磷(SRP)在界面通量的影响.结果表明水丝蚓扰动能够增大表层沉积物含水率、氧化还原电位,减小间隙水中Fe2+浓度.水丝蚓没有显著改变梅梁湾间隙水中SRP浓度,同时促进了梅梁湾沉积物中SRP向上覆水的释放;但水丝蚓显著减小了大浦口间隙水中SRP浓度,并抑制了大浦口沉积物中SRP向上覆水的释放.水丝蚓扰动对磷在沉积物-水界面间迁移的不同影响可能是由沉积物中Fe2+含量差异较大造成的.  相似文献   

5.
浅水湖泊生态系统中的沉积物—水界面是湖泊内源氮释放的重要界面,而水动力因素是改变沉积物氮释放的重要因素.三峡大坝修建以后,长江中下游通江湖泊的水动力条件发生了明显的变化.通过采集洞庭湖湖口区域的沉积物和水样,在双向环形水槽动力模拟装置内模拟湖泊水位和流速的变化,探讨湖泊沉积物氮在沉积物和水系统中的二次释放特征.结果表明,随着扰动强度的增加,上覆水悬浮物浓度增大,上覆水中总氮浓度增加,沉积物向上覆水释放氮的强度增强,水动力条件的改变所引起的沉积物内源氮释放不容忽视.在该模拟实验条件下,沉积物存在最适扰动水位(20cm),此水位下上覆水中悬浮物浓度最低,总氮浓度最小.水动力条件的改变对上覆水和沉积物—水界面处铵态氮和硝态氮浓度的影响并不明显,孔隙水中铵态氮与硝态氮之间发生形态的转化.  相似文献   

6.
申秋实  范成新  王兆德  张雷  刘成 《湖泊科学》2016,28(6):1175-1184
湖泊水底Fe~(2+)和ΣS~(2-)浓度的快速增加是湖泛暴发最早发生于沉积物-水界面的主要前提,缺氧环境下水底扩散层附近Fe~(2+)和ΣS~(2-)的迁移是其在沉积物-水界面处稳定积累的重要原因.以蓝藻聚积水体沉积物-水界面为研究对象,应用湖泊过程模拟装置及间隙水被动采样等技术,重点研究了间隙水和底层上覆水中Fe~(2+)和ΣS~(2-)的垂向分布特征,并定量估算了二者的扩散通量及迁移方向.结果表明:湖泛样品水体沉积物-水界面处于典型的还原性环境,表层沉积物间隙水中Fe~(2+)和ΣS~(2-)浓度显著高于对照样品,二者在表层沉积物中积累趋势明显.湖泛水体沉积物-水界面处Fe~(2+)释放通量较高,表现出较强烈的自沉积物向上覆水方向的释放能力;而湖泛样品ΣS~(2-)在沉积物-水界面处释放通量为负,迁移方向为自上覆水向沉积物扩散.Fe~(2+)和ΣS~(2-)在湖泛水体沉积物-水界面处不同的迁移特征证明:缺氧/厌氧条件下,湖泊水体表层沉积物间隙水中高浓度Fe~(2+)向上覆水的扩散为湖泛致黑物质的形成提供了重要的物质基础;底层上覆水及界面水中SO~(2-)4在表层沉积物中被还原,为终端还原产物ΣS~(2-)为湖泛致黑物质的形成提供了另一重要物质来源.  相似文献   

7.
回顾了有关长江中下游地区湖泊水、生物、沉积物中营养盐的迁移、转化、循环和交换等研究工作进展.典型湖泊的研究结果显示,历史上长江中下游地区湖泊的营养本底的确较高,处于中营养和富营养状态;人类活动在最近几十年中加快了这些湖泊的富营养化进程.长江中下游地区湖泊的治理不仅要重视外源污染的削减,也要重视湖泊内源污染的控制.长江中下游地区的浅水湖泊沉积物中,一般只有30%以下的磷是以较活跃的藻类易利用态存在的,表层沉积物通过吸附-解吸等交换作用对浅水湖泊水体中磷的浓度有较大的影响.长江中下游浅水湖泊沉积物中的营养盐释放主要有静态和动态二种释放方式.前者是基于化学平衡条件下的水土界面扩散作用.决定其释放量大小的主要因子是孔隙水与上覆水之间的营养盐浓度差.后者是基于水动力扰动对水土界面物理破坏条件下的底泥悬浮释放作用.二种释放模式在浅水水体中都存在.无论是静态或动态,水土界面的氧化还原环境,铁、锰、铝等元素含量,都对释放有影响.动态释放能在短期内大大提高水体颗粒态营养盐的浓度.在动态释放的初期,将有效增加水体可溶性营养盐,但是如果沉积物中铁、铝等金属元素较丰富,水体中的溶解性营养盐将由于吸附等作用而沉淀至湖底,因此,这样的湖泊往往具有较强的自我净化能力.长江中下游地区绝大多数湖泊都属于这种类型的湖泊.用底泥疏浚方法来控制湖泊内源污染的方法只适用湖泊面积较小、还原环境强烈,或者沉积物中铁、锰含量较低、水体去除可溶性营养盐的能力较弱的水体.此外,长江中下游地区的浅水湖泊生态系统对富营养化也具有强烈的反馈作用.水华暴发期间蓝藻的暴发性生长能通过改变水体的pH而引发沉积物中磷释放数量的大幅增加,大量释放的营养盐反过来又会促使蓝藻的大量生长,从而加剧水华的暴发.研究显示污染相对较重的水域水体中营养盐的含量高,微生物的生物量及生产力也高,碱性磷酸酶的活性也高,水体营养盐的循环也就更快.这反过来又促使微生物生产力增加,营养盐循环更快,加剧富营养化的危害.今后的工作应该重点围绕生物参与下营养盐的迁移转化等方面开展工作.  相似文献   

8.
滇池水-沉积物界面磷形态分布及潜在释放特征   总被引:14,自引:3,他引:11  
通过现场调查和室内模拟实验,对滇池35个上覆水-沉积物磷的分布特征以及沉积物中磷释放动力学特征进行研究,结果表明:滇池表层沉积物中不同形态磷含量表现为:有机磷(OP)(1482.49±1156.82 mg/kg)钙结合态磷(Ca-P)(865.54±558.40 mg/kg)金属氧化物结合态磷(Al-P)(463.77±662.18 mg/kg)残渣态磷(Res-P)(218.52±83.11 mg/kg)可还原态磷(Fe-P)(128.13±101.56 mg/kg)弱吸附态磷(NH4Cl-P)(2.26±3.05 mg/kg);滇池上覆水草海总磷浓度处于劣Ⅳ类水平,外海不同湖区总磷浓度介于Ⅳ~Ⅴ类之间;滇池水体中的磷以颗粒态磷含量最高;滇池表层沉积物中磷的释放是由快反应和慢反应两部分组成.释放过程主要发生在前8 h内;不同区域沉积物磷的最大释放速率、最大释放量、磷的释放潜力平均值均表现为:草海外海北部外海南部湖心区;滇池表层沉积物中磷的释放主要由NH4Cl-P、Fe-P、Al-P和OP进行,其中,NH4Cl-P和Fe-P所占比重较大;磷的释放与上覆水中溶解性总磷、溶解态无机磷和溶解态有机磷呈显著正相关,预示着上覆水中磷的迁移转化更多地受到水-沉积物界面浓度梯度的控制,进一步说明不能以总磷含量来评价湖泊磷素释放的状况,需与磷形态及分布特征相结合进行分析.  相似文献   

9.
环太湖河流进出湖水量及污染负荷(2000-2002年)   总被引:22,自引:5,他引:22  
翟淑华  张红举 《湖泊科学》2006,18(3):225-230
天然水域,尤其是富营养的浅水湖泊,沉积物中磷的释放是蓝藻水华发生、形成和持续生长的重要因素.分析沉积物中磷的赋存形态转化及其潜在生态效应,有助于理解沉积物中磷的迁移转化过程及其与湖泊富营养化之间的关系.本文综述国内湖泊水域中磷的主要形态、来源和转化过程以及其生物有效性的研究进展.重点讨论了近5年来中国东部浅水湖泊沉积物磷的形态分析、转化和生物有效性评估的现状,以及沉积物中磷形态与浅水湖泊富营养化之间的潜在联系.  相似文献   

10.
以淮南后湖非稳沉采煤沉陷区沉积物-水体界面为研究对象,分析该湖未开发区(A区)、水产养殖区(B区)和水生蔬菜种植区(C区)3个功能区上覆水-间隙水-沉积物体系中氮、磷分布及其迁移特征.结果表明,氮、磷在不同水体界面的分布差异较大.其中上覆水中氮、磷浓度表现为A区B区C区;间隙水中氮、磷分布差异不显著,然而各功能区间隙水的氮、磷浓度明显高于上覆水,氮、磷主要由间隙水向上覆水中移动;沉积物中氮、磷含量以C区最高.后湖采煤沉陷区水体表现出氮污染、磷限制的现象.  相似文献   

11.
12.
湖泊氮素生物地球化学循环及微生物的作用   总被引:19,自引:2,他引:19       下载免费PDF全文
氮素是影响湖泊富营养化的关键元素之一,对湖泊中氮素生物地球化学循环整个过程进行全面的了解,有利于对湖泊富营养化进行控制和治理.本文综述了湖泊生态系统(特别是富营养化湖泊)中氮素的输入、输出及其在沉积物-水界面的迁移转化规律,着重分析和比较了藻型湖泊和草型湖泊的不同食物链中的氮素营养循环过程,重点讨论了微生物参与的硝化作用、反硝化作用、生物固氮和厌氧氨氧化等过程的最新研究进展,并对氮循环相关的研究方法和技术进行了小结.最后指出当前国内外研究中亟待解决的问题,并对湖泊氮循环今后的研究方向提出了建议.  相似文献   

13.
Because of the obvious importance of P as a nutrient that often accelerates growth of phytoplankton (including toxic cyanobacteria) and therefore worsens water quality, much interest has been devoted to P exchange across the sediment-water interface. Generally, the release mode of P from the sediment differed greatly between shallow and deep lakes, and much of the effort has been focused on iron and oxygen, and also on the relevant environmental factors, for example, turbulence and decomposition, but a large part of the P variation in shallow lakes remains unexplained. This paper reviews experimental and field studies on the mechanisms of P release from the sediment in the shallow temperate (in Europe) and subtropical (in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in China) lakes, and it is suggested that pH rather than DO might be more important in driving the seasonal dynamics of internal P loading in these shallow lakes, i.e., intense photosynthesis of phytoplankton increases pH of the lake water and thus may increase pH of the surface sediment, leading to enhanced release of P (especially iron-bound P) from the sediment. Based on the selective pump of P (but not N) from the sediment by algal blooms, it is concluded that photosynthesis which is closely related to eutrophication level is the driving force for the seasonal variation of internal P loading in shallow lakes. This is a new finding. Additionally, the selective pump of P from the sediment by algal blooms not only explains satisfactorily why both TP and PO4-P in the hypereutrophic Lake Donghu declined significantly since the mid-1980s when heavy cyanobacterial blooms were eliminated by the nontraditional biomanipulation (massive stocking of the filter-feeding silver and bighead carps), but also explains why TP in European lakes decreased remarkably in the spring clear-water phase with less phytoplankton during the seasonal succession of aquatic communities or when phytoplankton biomass was decreased by traditional biomanipulation. Compared with deep lakes, wax and wane of phytoplankton due to alternations in the ecosystem structure is also able to exert significant influences on the P exchange at the sediment-water interface in shallow lakes. In other words, biological activities are also able to drive P release from sediments, and such a static P release process is especially more prominent in eutrophic shallow lakes with dense phytoplankton.  相似文献   

14.
Because of the obvious importance of P as a nutrient that often accelerates growth of phytoplankton (including toxic cyanobacteria) and therefore worsens water quality, much interest has been devoted to P exchange across the sediment-water interface. Generally, the release mode of P from the sediment differed greatly between shallow and deep lakes, and much of the effort has been focused on iron and oxygen, and also on the relevant environmental factors, for example, turbulence and decomposition, but a large part of the P variation in shallow lakes remains unexplained. This paper reviews experimental and field studies on the mechanisms of P release from the sediment in the shallow temperate (in Europe) and subtropical (in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in China) lakes, and it is suggested that pH rather than DO might be more important in driving the seasonal dynamics of internal P loading in these shallow lakes, i.e., intense photosynthesis of phytoplankton increases pH of the lake water and thus may increase pH of the surface sediment, leading to enhanced release of P (especially iron-bound P) from the sediment. Based on the selective pump of P (but not N) from the sediment by algal blooms, it is concluded that photosynthesis which is closely related to eutrophication level is the driving force for the seasonal variation of internal P loading in shallow lakes. This is a new finding. Additionally, the selective pump of P from the sediment by algal blooms not only explains satisfactorily why both TP and PO4-P in the hypereutrophic Lake Donghu declined significantly since the mid-1980s when heavy cyanobacterial blooms were eliminated by the nontraditional biomanipulation (massive stocking of the filter-feeding silver and bighead carps), but also explains why TP in European lakes decreased remarkably in the spring clear-water phase with less phytoplankton during the seasonal succession of aquatic communities or when phytoplankton biomass was decreased by traditional biomanipulation. Compared with deep lakes, wax and wane of phytoplankton due to alternations in the ecosystem structure is also able to exert significant influences on the P exchange at the sediment-water interface in shallow lakes. In other words, biological activities are also able to drive P release from sediments, and such a static P release process is especially more prominent in eutrophic shallow lakes with dense phytoplankton.  相似文献   

15.
This paper is a review of research works concerning the nutrient transportation, transformation and exchange between water, sediment and biota in the lakes from the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River conducted in the context of project entitled "The Processes and Mechanism of Lake Eutrophication in Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River". All the lakes from this area are shallow lakes. According to the typical lake site research, the lakes from the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River have a higher baseline of nutrition in the history. Normally the trophic status of these lakes can be categorized into medium-trophic or eutrophic. Human activities have been enhanced during the last decades, which speed up the lake eutrophic process. Lake eutrophication control needs to reduce not only the external nutrient inputs from watershed but also the internal loading from the sediments. Investigations revealed that the lake sediments in this area are considerablly high in nutrition in which at most about 30% of phosphorus exists in the form of bio-available in the sediment. The surface sediment will exert great effects on the nutrient exchange between water-sediment interface via adsorption and release of nutrient. The nutrient release from the sediment in these shallow lakes is mainly in two ways, i.e. in the undisturbed condition the nutrient is released through diffusion created by the nutrient gradient from sediment to overlying water; whereas in disturbed condition, the nutrient release is determined by the hydrodynamic forcing intensity and the sediment resuspension. Metallic elements such as the iron, manganese and aluminium and the aerobic-anaerobic ambience will affect the release of nutrients. The disturbed release will increase the total nutrients in the water column significantly in the short period. At the beginning of sediment resuspension, the dissolved nutrient concentration will increase. This increase will be damped if the ferric oxide and aluminium are rich in sediment because of the adsorption and flocculation. This means that the lakes have capability of eliminating the nutrient loadings. Investigations for the lakes from middle and down stream of Yangtze River have suggested that most lakes have the self-cleaning capability. Dredging the control of the internal loading, therefore, is only applicable to the small lakes or undisturbed bays which normally are situated nearby the city or town and rich in organic materials in the sediment. In addition, the strong reduction condition and weak aeration of these lakes and bays make these small lakes and bays release much more bio-available nutrient and without much self-eliminating capability. Moreover, eutrophication induced algal bloom in these lakes will change the pH of water, which further induces the increase in the nutrient release. In turn, the increase in nutrient release promotes the growth of phytoplankton and results in severe algal bloom. For the heavily polluted water, research suggests that the biomass of bacteria and alkaline phosphatase activity will be higher corresponding to the higher concentration of nutrients, which accelerates the nutrient recycling between water, sediment and biota. Quick recycling of nutrient, in turn, promotes the production and biomass growth of microorganism and leads to more severe eutrophication. Further research work should focus on the nutrient transformation mechanism and the effects of microbial loop on the eutrophication.  相似文献   

16.

This paper is a review of research works concerning the nutrient transportation, transformation and exchange between water, sediment and biota in the lakes from the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River conducted in the context of project entitled “The Processes and Mechanism of Lake Eutrophication in Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River”. All the lakes from this area are shallow lakes. According to the typical lake site research, the lakes from the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River have a higher baseline of nutrition in the history. Normally the trophic status of these lakes can be categorized into medium-trophic or eutrophic Human activities have been enhanced during the last decades, which speed up the lake eutrophic process. Lake eutrophication control needs to reduce not only the external nutrient inputs from watershed but also the internal loading from the sediments. Investigations revealed that the lake sediments in this area are considerablly high in nutrition in which at most about 30% of phosphorus exists in the form of bio-available in the sediment. The surface sediment will exert great effects on the nutrient exchange between water-sediment interface via adsorption and release of nutrient. The nutrient release from the sediment in these shallow lakes is mainly in two ways, i.e. in the undisturbed condition the nutrient is released through diffusion created by the nutrient gradient from sediment to overlying water; whereas in disturbed condition, the nutrient release is determined by the hydrodynamic forcing intensity and the sediment resuspension. Metallic elements such as the iron, manganese and aluminium and the aerobic-anaerobic ambience will affect the release of nutrients. The disturbed release will increase the total nutrients in the water column significantly in the short period. At the beginning of sediment resuspension, the dissolved nutrient concentration will increase. This increase will be damped if the ferric oxide and aluminium are rich in sediment because of the adsorption and flocculation. This means that the lakes have capability of eliminating the nutrient loadings. Investigations for the lakes from middle and down stream of Yangtze River have suggested that most lakes have the self-cleaning capability. Dredging the control of the internal loading, therefore, is only applicable to the small lakes or undisturbed bays which normally are situated nearby the city or town and rich in organic materials in the sediment. In addition, the strong reduction condition and weak aeration of these lakes and bays make these small lakes and bays release much more bio-available nutrient and without much self-eliminating capability. Moreover, eutrophication induced algal bloom in these lakes will change the pH of water, which further induces the increase in the nutrient release. In turn, the increase in nutrient release promotes the growth of phytoplankton and results in severe algal bloom. For the heavily polluted water, research suggests that the biomass of bacteria and alkaline phosphatase activity will be higher corresponding to the higher concentration of nutrients, which accelerates the nutrient recycling between water, sediment and biota. Quick recycling of nutrient, in turn, promotes the production and biomass growth of microorganism and leads to more severe eutrophication. Further research work should focus on the nutrient transformation mechanism and the effects of microbial loop on the eutrophication.

  相似文献   

17.
鲫(Carassius auratus)是我国各类淡水水体的优势鱼类之一.作为底栖杂食性鱼类,一方面,鲫可以通过排泄和扰动沉积物影响湖泊营养和光照水平,通过"上行效应"促进浮游植物生长;另一方面,鲫也可以捕食浮游动物,通过"下行控制"影响藻类生长以及营养盐循环.对于浅水湖泊,两种途径对于生态系统影响的相对重要性仍有待研究.本研究设计了一个两因素户外中宇宙实验,通过在沉积物表面添加隔网的方式,比较两种情况下(能、否接触沉积物),鲫对水体浊度、营养盐和浮游生物生物量的影响.实验在16个大型钢化玻璃桶(400 L)中进行,持续36 d(2019年8月6日—9月11日).研究结果表明:1)在能接触沉积物的条件下,鲫显著促进了沉积物再悬浮,表现为水体的总悬浮物(TSS)和无机悬浮物(ISS)浓度大幅升高;水体的光衰减系数(Kd)增加,总氮(TN)和总磷(TP)浓度明显升高; 2)在不能接触沉积物的条件下,鲫对水体悬浮物(TSS和ISS)浓度和Kd的影响不明显,但是显著降低了水体TN和TP浓度; 3)在两种情况下,鲫对浮游植物叶绿素a浓度以及浮游动物生物量的影响均不显著.本研究表明鲫只有在能够接触沉积物的条件下,才会显著提高水体浊度和营养水平.因此,在缺乏沉水植被的浅水湖泊中,鲫扰动沉积物产生的"上行效应"可能是其对生态系统产生负面影响的主要途径.  相似文献   

18.
通常认为,磷是湖泊富营养化的主要限制因子,因此控制湖泊磷浓度和水平被认为是湖泊治理的关键.在外源磷输入得到有效控制之后,湖泊富营养化仍可持续几十年,这主要归咎于内源磷的释放.底泥原位化学钝化控磷技术因其操作性强、控磷效果明显,而被广泛作为湖泊内源磷的控制技术之一,而钝化材料的研发和应用是本项技术的核心.在世界范围内,研发了众多的用于底泥磷控制的钝化修复材料.本文主要梳理了国际上常用钝化材料的基本特性与研究近况,点明不同材料之间钝化效果的差异,并讨论了不同类型钝化材料的改性方法、钝化机制,分析不同环境因子对钝化材料稳定性的影响.论文最后探讨了原位化学钝化控磷技术与其他修复技术联用的污染控制效果及其可行性,并根据国际上钝化控磷技术的主要研究进展,提出钝化材料现阶段存在的不足,并对未来研究方向与应用前景进行展望.  相似文献   

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