共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 890 毫秒
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川滇块体边界断裂的CO2释放及其来源 总被引：18，自引：1，他引：18
川滇块体边界断裂沿线及附近地区有大量的CO_2泉出露,其分布与1900年以来强震震中的分布大体一致,这表明该区CO_2释放可能与现代地震活动有直接关联。稳定碳、氧同位素证据表明,现代活动断裂释放的CO_2绝大部分来自地壳深部,并有两种主要的释放机制。现代活动断裂既可以直接产生大量的热动力变质成因CO_2,又可以作为通道释放来自下地壳甚至上地慢的CO_2组分。连续监测深源CO_2的释放动态有可能获得反映震源物理化学变化的地震前兆信息。 相似文献
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京津冀地区氡的数字化观测及其地震前兆监测效能评估 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
京津冀地区已建成氡的数字化(气氡)观测井(泉)共12口, 目前正在运行8口, 其中有1口井观测的数值低于仪器检出限, 故实际有效观测井(泉)为7口。 文中系统分析2004年7口井(泉)气氡年、 月、 日动态特征, 根据以往的水氡震例评估其地震中期、 短期与短临前兆异常的可能性, 认为多数井中有可能识别出以破坏年变规律为标志的中期前兆异常, 但很难识别出以阶变或脉冲为特征的短期和短临前兆异常。 文中还对比分析了同一口井(泉)气氡与水氡动态的差异性, 发现气氡的动态稳定性明显不如水氡, 这不利于气氡在地震短期或短临前兆异常监测中发挥作用。 相似文献
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A large number of CO2 springs outcrop along the boundary faults of the Sichuan-Yunnan block and in their neighboring areas.These springs are of a roughly similar distribution as the epicenters of strong earthquakes since 1900.This similarity indicates that the CO2 discharges could be directly related to the modern seismic activity in that area.The evidences of stable carbon and oxygen isotopes indicate that an overwhelming majority of the CO2 released from modern active faults is derived from the deep earth crust.There are 2 main mechanisms of CO2 discharge.Modern active faults are able both to produce directly a lot of CO2 due to thermodynamic metamorphism and to provide passages for the CO2 constituent coming from the lower crust or upper mantle.By continuously monitoring the dynamic changes of CO2 discharges,it would be possible to obtain the information of earthquake precursors that reflect the physical and chemical changes of the earthquake sources. 相似文献
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叙述了1989年大同6.1级地震前，山西夏县台井溶解气组分He、CO2出现的异常变化，对热水区内各井孔气体成分含量进行了对比研究得出，小近震所产生的He、O2的突跳，是由于热水体受应力作用，地下热水晕的中心和边界发生改变，使不同含量的热水发生混合所致的结论。 相似文献
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通过对腾冲火山地球化学观测站中用气相色谱仪对火山区温泉逸出气体成分的观测实践的理论总结,系统介绍了用气相色谱仪对温泉逸出气体常规成分的快速测定方法.结果表明,SP3400型气相色谱仪具有一系列优点.通过合理的仪器配置、参数设置、规范的运行维护和分析操作,SP3400型气相色谱仪可以快速准确地分析温泉逸出气体中He、H_2、O_2、N_2、CH_4、CO_2等常规组分的含量.对这些组份总量分析的相对偏差只有1.89%,对CO_2组份分析的相对偏差只有2.18%,对He、H_2等ppm级含量的组份分析的相对偏差分别只有10.24%和11.44%,说明SP3400的型气相色谱仪的测试结果有相当高的可靠性和准确性.SP3400型气相色谱仪为温泉逸出气体常规组分快速测定的理想仪器,可以在火山和地震监测台站推广使用. 相似文献
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G. A. Karpov E. G. Lupikina A. G. Nikolaeva A. Yu. Bychkov S. A. Lapitskii I. Yu. Nikolaeva 《Journal of Volcanology and Seismology》2008,2(5):303-321
The results of biohydrogeochemical monitoring are used to study time-dependent variations in the hydrogeochemical characteristics of the Lake Karymskii water mass, the state and characteristics of underwater discharge zones in the Tokarev crater (formed in 1996), hydrogeochemical characteristics of thermal springs around the lake, and the biota succession in the lake for the period 1996–2006 (2007). We detected a stratification in the chemical composition of water over depth and the presence of persistent zones of increased concentrations of dissolved oxygen. We found an alkalization of lake water and a decrease in its total salinity. The new thermal springs and underwater discharges of thermal water and gases were found to be continuing. The first data were obtained on the concentration of microelements in the thermal springs of the Karymskii basin. The biodiversity of algae in Lake Karymskii was largely increased by the species diversity of benthic Bacillariophyta. The plankton phytocomponent of the precatastrophic period was found to have been regenerated in the lake as of April 2007. 相似文献
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本文论述了滇西实验场区五条主要活动断裂的地球化学特征,分析了活动断裂的地球化学特征与断裂的活动方式、活动强度和切割深度等构造因素之间的内在联系。提出洱源盆地西北部地壳内约5.4—6.2公里深度范围内发育有较大规模的热动力变质带,洱源地区高温温泉群的形成与这一变质带有关,其流体地球化学组分和同位素组成都具有热动力变质特征。红河断裂(北段)沿线温泉中含有较多的幔源挥发性组分,是典型的深循环增温型温泉 相似文献
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以2000年以来6.4级以上地震为例,研究了腾冲地区潜热通量（SLHF）在这些震例发生前后的变化特征。结果表明：腾冲地区的SLHF动态,不但在其附近发生强地震前常出现异常,而且对周边较远的强地震前也会发生异常反应;异常出现时间大都在震前1个半月以内,汶川地震前异常出现较早,发生在震前2个月之前,这可能与汶川地震震级高影响范围大有关;异常幅值与震级有关,震级越大,异常表现越强。 比如芦山7.0级地震、缅甸7.0级地震和汶川MS 8.0地震前,腾冲地区SLHF异常幅度很大,远远超过最大参考值,而姚安6.5级地震和宁洱6.4级地震前异常幅度就相对小一些。腾冲地区SLHF异常与周围强地震的发生有较好的相关性,一方面与腾冲地区的活动断裂发育、现今构造变形强烈有关,另一方面可能是由于腾冲地区火山活动强烈,温泉广泛发育,水热交换迅速,对周边构造活动感应灵敏所致。 相似文献
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在用离子色谱法测定温泉水样中F~-、Cl~-、Br~-、NO_2~-、NO_3~-、SO_4~(2-)、PO_4~(2-)等阴离子和Li~+、Na~+、K~+、Mg~(2+)、Ca~(2+)等阳离子过程中,研究了用油泵超声波池内脱气法处理H_2CO_3过饱和水样以排除HCO_3~-对阴离子检测干扰的方法.研究采用青岛普仁仪器有限公司生产的PIC-8型离子色谱仪,分离柱为TSK-GEL SuperIC-CationColumn(150 mm×4.5 mm)离子分离柱,以1.9 mmol/L碳酸钠-1.8mmol/L碳酸氢钠作为阴离子淋洗液,流量为1.5 Ml/min;以2 mmol/L HNO_3为阳离子淋洗液,流量为1.0 ml/min,测定了腾冲火山区叠水河、大滚锅两个温泉水中的阴阳离子的含量.研究结果表明:该方法简便、快速、准确可靠,可在火山和地震监测中推广使用. 相似文献
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根据五大连池火山区的气体地球化学特征,分析了二氧化碳气的生成条件和成因,对火山区CO_2的泄出量进行了概算。通过一年定点观测,查明了南泉和二龙眼泉各气体组分的动态变化特征,认为南泉氢和氦于1988年2月～4月出现的大幅度异常和附近的小震活动有关 相似文献
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Manuëlla Delalande Laurent Bergonzini Fabrizio Gherardi Massimo Guidi Luc Andre Issah Abdallah David Williamson 《Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research》2011,199(1-2):127-141
The South Poroto–Rungwe geothermal field, in the northern part of the Malawi rift, Tanzania divides in two main areas. The relatively high altitude northern area around the main Ngozi, Rungwe, Tukuyu and Kyejo volcanoes, is characterised by cold and gas-rich springs. In contrast, hot springs occur in the southern and low-altitude area between the Kyela and Livingstone faults. The isotopic signature of the almost stagnant, cold springs of the Northern district is clearly influenced by H2O–CO2(g) exchange as evidenced from negative oxygen-shifts in the order of few deltas permil. In contrast, the isotopic signature of waters discharged from the hot springs of the Southern district is markedly less affected by the H2O–CO2(g) interaction. This evidence is interpreted as an effect of the large, permanent outflow of these springs, which supports the hypothesis of a regional-scale recharge of the major thermal springs. Measurements of carbon isotope variations of the dissolved inorganic carbon of waters and CO2(g) from the Northern and Southern springs support a model of CO2(g)-driven reactivity all over the investigated area. Our combined chemical and isotopic results show that the composition of hot springs is consistent with a mixing between (i) cold surface fresh (SFW) and (ii) Deep Hot Mineralised (DHMW) Water, indicating that the deep-originated fluids also supply most of the aqueous species dissolved in the surface waters used as local potable water. Based on geothermometric approaches, the temperature of the deep hydrothermal system has been estimated to be higher than 110 °C up to 185 °C, in agreement with the geological and thermal setting of the Malawi rift basin. Geochemical data point to (i) a major upflow zone of geothermal fluids mixed with shallow meteoric waters in the Southern part of the province, and (ii) gas absorption phenomena in the small, perched aquifers of the Northern volcanic highlands. 相似文献