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Introduction Artificial seismic sounding is a geophysical exploration technique developed in prospectingfor oil and gas and other mineral resources and consists of reflection wave and refraction waveexploration methods. With rapid development of computer techniques and sounding instruments,the reflection wave method became a high-resolution imagery technique for underground struc-tures and is widespreadly used in detection of underground caves and in engineering exploration.In previous se… 相似文献
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NEW EVIDENCES FOR LATE QUATERNARY ACTIVITY IN THE SOUTHERN SEGMENT OF THE YISHU-TANGTOU FAULT,THE TAN-LU FAULT ZONE,AND ITS TECTONIC IMPLICATION 
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下载免费PDF全文 CAO Jun XU Han-gang RAN Yong-kang LIANG Ming-jian LEI Sheng-xue ZHANG Peng LI Li-mei GU Qin-ping ZHAO Qi-guang 《地震地质》2017,39(2):287-303
The Tan-Lu Fault Zone(TLFZ), a well-known lithosphere fault zone in eastern China, is a boundary tectonic belt of the secondary block within the North China plate, and its seismic risk has always been a focus problem. Previous studies were primarily conducted on the eastern graben faults of the Yishu segment where there are historical earthquake records, but the faults in western graben have seldom been involved. So, there has been no agreement about the activity of the western graben fault from the previous studies. This paper focuses on the activity of the two buried faults in the western graben along the southern segment of Yishu through combination of shallow seismic reflection profile and composite drilling section exploration.
Shallow seismic reflection profile reveals that the Tangwu-Gegou Fault(F4)only affects the top surface of Suqian Formation, therefore, the fault may be an early Quaternary fault. The Yishui-Tangtou Fault(F3)has displaced the upper Pleistocene series in the shallow seismic reflection profile, suggesting that the fault may be a late Pleistocene active fault. Drilling was implemented in Caiji Town and Lingcheng Town along the Yishui-Tangtou Fault(F3)respectively, and the result shows that the latest activity time of Yishui-Tangtou Fault(F3)is between(91.2±4.4)ka and(97.0±4.8)ka, therefore, the fault belongs to late Pleistocene active fault.
Combined with the latest research on the activity of other faults along TLFZ, both faults in eastern and western graben were active during the late Pleistocene in the southern segment of the Yishu fault zone, however, only the fault in eastern graben was active in the Holocene. This phenomenon is the tectonic response to the subduction of the Pacific and Philippine Sea Plate and collision between India and Asian Plate. The two late Quaternary active faults in the Yishu segment of TLFZ are deep faults and present different forms on the surface and in near surface according to studies of deep seismic reflection profile, seismic wave function and seismic relocation. Considering the tectonic structure of the southern segment of Yishu fault zone, the relationship between deep and shallow structures, and the impact of 1668 Tancheng earthquake(M=8(1/2)), the seismogenic ability of moderate-strong earthquake along the Yishui-Tangtou Fault(F3)can't be ignored. 相似文献
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五河—合肥断裂是郯庐断裂带的西边界断裂,该断裂穿过合肥市城区,是1条规模较大、切割较深的隐伏活动断裂.为了研究该断裂的浅部结构特征、空间展布以及断裂活动性,我们利用2015年在合肥盆地完成的深地震反射剖面数据,采用初至波层析成像方法得到了郯庐断裂带合肥段的浅层P波速度结构和构造形态;考虑到仅根据速度结构剖面还难以确定断裂的准确位置、断层上断点埋深、断层的近地表构造组合样式等特征,研究中跨五河—合肥断裂还完成了2条高分辨率的浅层地震反射剖面.研究结果表明：郯庐断裂带合肥段是一个由多条主干断裂构成的复杂构造带,近地表速度结构表现为凹隆相间的构造特征,且沉积盖层厚度明显受到郯庐断裂带分支断裂的影响和控制.五河—合肥断裂在P波速度结构剖面表现为高速和低速区的分界,对断裂两侧的地层沉积具有重要的控制作用,该断裂向下错断了盆地基底,向上错断了埋深21~35 m的中更新统下部地层,其最新活动时代为中更新世早期.研究结果不仅为进一步认识五河—合肥断裂浅部构造形态提供了地震学依据,还可为该区断裂两侧的城镇规划和建设中避让活动断层提供基础资料. 相似文献
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香河—皇庄断裂位于华北盆地北缘,是京津唐地区一条重要的NE向断裂构造。浅层人工地震反射剖面探测发现,香河—皇庄断裂在廊坊市香河县西马家窝地区表现为一条NE－SW走向的NW倾正断层,剖面上呈铲状,上部略陡,向下逐渐变缓;其对大厂凹陷东缘没有明显的控制作用,为一条新近纪以来形成的断裂,切穿了前中生界基底,且第四纪以来仍有活动。通过部署于断层两侧的构造观察孔岩芯对比及测年数据判断,(6.69±5.6) ka以来香河—皇庄断裂无活动,其上断点很可能位于距地表15～30 m范围内,大致相当于晚更新世早期;在中更新世上部地层中,香河—皇庄断裂存在1.5～1.8 m的垂直落差。香河—皇庄断裂现阶段处于不活动状态,未来发生中强地震的可能性较低。 相似文献
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郯庐断裂带是中国东部最大的一个活动构造带,其内部结构非常复杂,不同区段表现出不同特征的构造样式.本文采用浅层地震反射波成像技术对郯庐断裂带宿迁段的近地表结构进行了高分辨率成像,利用该区已有的深地震反射剖面数据,采用初至波层析成像方法获得了郯庐断裂带的浅层P波速度结构.结果表明,郯庐断裂带宿迁段是一个由多条断裂以及凹陷和隆起构成的复杂构造带,且新生代地层厚度和地震波速分布明显受到断裂的影响与控制.郯庐断裂带的东、西两侧为基底隆起区,近地表速度结构呈现为明显的高速特征,新生代地层厚度小于200m.郯庐断裂带总体显示为低速凹陷结构,新生代地层厚度在300～600m之间变化,最厚处位于宿迁市的陵城镇附近.郯庐断裂带宿迁段主要由5条断裂构成,从这些断裂的上断点埋深和第四纪活动特征来看,郯庐断裂带的东边界断裂F_1和西边界断裂F_4的活动性相对较弱,为第四纪早期活动断裂.断裂F_2和F_3控制了郯庐断裂带内部的新生代凹陷,两者的活动时代分别为中更新世和晚更新世.安丘—莒县断裂F_5位于断裂F_1和F_2之间,由2条相向而倾的分支断层F_5和F_(5-1)构成,其活动时代分别为全新世和晚更新世.研究结果为进一步认识郯庐断裂带宿迁段的近地表特征及其活动性提供了新证据. 相似文献
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Abstract Ground penetrating radar (GPR) and high‐resolution shallow reflection seismic surveying were carried out to investigate the subsurface geology in and around the Uemachi Fault zone in the Yamato River area, Osaka, Japan. Shallow drilling in the area showed a major displacement event during the middle Pleistocene. The main Uemachi Fault plane could be clearly imaged on the seismic section, except for the most shallow 200 m. Several shallow normal fault planes with less displacement could be detected on both sides of the fault plane. GPR profiles confirmed the presence of several shallow normal faults within the area near the fault zone. These shallow faults could be followed in all of the GPR profiles crossing the fault zone. The integration of seismic section, GPR profiles and drilling data led to a conceptual model that explains the evolution of the Uemachi Fault system. The proposed model suggests the occurrence of several cycles of small vertical displacement along the deep part of the fault plane caused by the regional east–west compressional stress. The ductile nature of the shallow sedimentary cover and the absence of confining pressure in the shallow part allow for a considerable amount of plastic bending before failing in the shallow sedimentary layers. This bending generates stretching force within the shallow sedimentary cover, which in time, along with gravitational force, gives rise to the formation of the swarm of normal faults within the shallow layers near the fault zone. Some of the detected faults extend to a depth of less than 3 m below the ground surface, suggesting that the last tectonic activity along the fault plane may have occurred recently. 相似文献
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大川-双石断裂位于龙门山前山断裂南段,因其在都江堰地区隐伏于岷江河流阶地之下,在一定程度上影响了对龙门山断裂带南段的地震危险性评价和发震能力评估。因此,掌握大川-双石断裂的地下分布特征和活动性,对都江堰城区的避灾规划和重大工程选址意义重大。本项研究在野外地质调查基础上,垂直断裂走向布设浅层地震反射剖面、高密度电阻率剖面和钻孔联合剖面。通过多种方法共同揭示了大川-双石断裂在都江堰地区的精确空间展布位置、近地表构造形态、上断点埋深及断裂活动性。大川-双石断裂在都江堰地区的岷江西岸阶地处隐伏通过,为逆断层,倾向NW,倾角在地表浅层为60°~70°,近地面为20°~30°;且破碎带向地面逐渐变浅变薄,上断点向上延伸至第四系灰褐色黏土层和棕黄色粗砂夹砾石层,埋深约3.5 m。上述研究表明大川-双石断裂在都江堰市区附近具有全新世活动特征。 相似文献
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2014年8月3日,云南省昭通-鲁甸地区发生MS6.5级地震,造成了重大的人员伤亡和财产损失.鲁甸震区位于扬子块体的西缘,小江断裂带的东侧北东向的昭通-莲峰断裂带内.由于至今没有穿越该断裂带的人工源深地震测深剖面,而丽江-攀枝花-清镇650 km长深地震测深剖面距离鲁甸主震区不超过50 km,利用宽角地震资料的初至波震相,通过有限差分反演揭示该地区上地壳速度结构,可以为鲁甸震区的地震定位、地震孕育机制等提供深部速度模型.速度剖面显示：剖面结晶基底厚度平均为2 km左右;小江断裂带速度较低,东西两侧的速度较高;因此小江断裂带区域地壳强度比较低,加上断裂两侧的应变速率很高,所以小江断裂带和旁边的鲁甸-昭通断裂带,未来具有发生较大地震的可能,值得关注. 相似文献
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Existing achievements about Baotou Fault demonstrate it as a buried eastern boundary of the Baiyanhua Basin in Hetao active fault subsidence zone,striking NE.More data is needed to assess its activity.Located in the relay ramp between Wulashan Fault and Daqingshan Fault,Baotou Fault's activity is of great importance to discuss the linkage mode and the response to the earthquake of the adjacent fault.Also it is necessary to the knowledge of the characteristic of the seismic tectonic in local area.Recently it is prevalent to combine shallow seismic profile and composite drilling section to study the activity of the buried fault.Shallow seismic profile indicates that Baotou Fault is a normal fault,inclining to NW.The displacement of the Tg at 75m underground is 25m.Composite drilling section indicates that it is a growth fault,the up-break point of which is 45.6m underground and ends in brownish red clay strata of early Pleistocene.In comparison,the upper Late Pleistocene strata are out of the influences of the tectonic subsidence zone.Baotou Fault's activity is limited to the early Pleistocene. 相似文献
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根据邢台7-2 级和6-8 级地震震中区的浅层和超浅层地震勘探结果,查明了震中区浅部铲形断裂的性质及活动年代,认为新河断裂(F1) 自晚更新世以来已不再活动,它不是发震断裂。另外,结合该区深地震反射剖面和深地震测深剖面结果,讨论了震中区的深浅部构造形态及它们的相互关系,从而确定了发震断裂应为震源之下的高倾角超壳断裂①。邢台地震的发生是由于地幔岩浆的上侵作用产生附加应力场,并与区域构造应力场共同作用使该断裂重新活动,引发了邢台地震,并引起浅部断层及地表物质的运动 相似文献
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宁河—昌黎断裂长约170 km,为燕山隆起、山海关隆起与黄骅拗陷的分界断裂,断裂西南起自宁河,向东北经南套南、大夫庄南、杨家坨,过昌黎转向东入海,断裂走向NE50°~70°,倾向SE,为上陡下缓的铲形正断层,该断裂为一条地壳基底深断裂,控制了南侧黄骅坳陷北段中、新生代沉积。河北省工程地震勘察研究院于2007年、2014年先后在昌黎、滦南、唐海、丰南布设了4条浅层地震勘探测线对宁河—昌黎断裂进行了探测,浅层地震勘探应用美国GEOMETRICS公司STRATAVISOR NX96高分辨数字地震勘探系统,采用70 kg冲击震源,单边激发多次覆盖观测系统,覆盖次数12次。应用Vista地震处理软件系统,通过对数据进行真振幅恢复、地表一致性振幅补偿等处理方法,获得高质量的地震勘探时间剖面。为获得断裂活动时代的重要信息,通过浅层地震勘探处理过程中的中间数据获得地震剖面时—深转换速度参数,从而获得地震勘探深度剖面,结合测线附近地层层序资料,与地震勘探深度剖面进行对比分析,从而获得断裂的上断点埋深和最新活动时代认识。浅层地震勘探剖面揭示,宁河—昌黎断裂浅部由一条主断层和一条次级断层组成;断层上断点埋深40~110 m,断裂活动时代具有分段活动特征,断裂北段活动时代为晚更新世早期,南段为晚更新世中期;断裂走向为北东的段落,为正断层,走向为北西的段落,以走滑运动为主。 相似文献
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商丹断裂南阳盆地第四纪活动研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了研究商丹断裂的空间展布及断裂活动性特征,跨断裂布设了4条浅层地震勘探测线和1条钻孔联合地质剖面.综合分析表明,商丹断裂为一条走向NWW的正断层,钻孔联合地质剖面揭示断裂上断点埋深为13—19 m,最新活动时代为中更新世晚期. 相似文献
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北西走向的桥头集-东关断裂与郯庐断裂带南段相交切，横跨合肥盆地及其东缘的隆起区，在合肥盆地内呈隐伏状态。本研究跨桥头集-东关断裂合肥盆地段布设3条浅层地震勘探测线，揭示断裂浅部构造特征。解译出的FP1、FP2和FP3断层性质相同，倾向一致，上断点深度相近，反映出桥头集-东关断裂合肥盆地段是一条走向NW、倾向SW、具有逆断分量的断裂。3条浅层地震反射剖面中第四系的底界面反射波组TQ呈连续近水平展布，表明桥头集-东关断裂两侧的第四系厚度无明显变化。在浅震剖面解译的基础上，布设了1条跨断层钻孔联合剖面，剖面揭露出的第四系没有被错动。结合本区第四系地层发育情况及钻孔地层年龄分析，认为桥头集-东关断裂中更新世以来不活动。根据本文探测结果，尚不能排除桥头集-东关断裂早更新世有一定的弱活动。 相似文献
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为了研究商丹断裂的空间展布及断裂活动性特征,跨断裂布设了4条浅层地震勘探测线和1条钻孔联合地质剖面。综合分析表明,商丹断裂为一条走向NWW的正断层,钻孔联合地质剖面揭示断裂上断点埋深为13—19 m,最新活动时代为中更新世晚期。 相似文献
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（王椿镛，张先康，林中洋，李学清）ＣｈａｒａｃｔｅｒｉｓｔｉｃｏｆｃｒｕｓｔａｌｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅｉｎｔｈｅＳｈｕｌｕｆａｕｌｔｂａｓｉｎａｎｄｉｔｓｖｉｃｉｎｉｔｙ￥Ｃｈｕｎ－ＹｏｎｇＷＡＮＧＩ；Ｘｉａｎ－ＫａｎｇＺＨＡＮＧ；Ｚｈｏｎｇ－ＹａｎｇＬ... 相似文献
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采用深、浅地震反射和钻孔地质剖面相结合的方法,对太行山东缘石家庄南部的地壳结构和隐伏断裂的活动性进行了研究.深地震反射探测结果表明,该区地壳厚度33~38km,莫霍面从华北平原向太行山下倾伏.石家庄—晋县凹陷是受拆离断层控制的盆岭构造,太行山山前断裂为凹陷的西边界断裂,表现为上陡下缓的铲形断裂.石家庄—晋县凹陷中还发育北席断裂和栾城断裂,它们与太行山山前断裂一样受拆离断层的控制,未错断早更新世晚期以来沉积的地层不属于活动断裂.深地震反射剖面的中部还揭示了一个近垂直的穹窿状反射异常体,它可能起源于莫霍面,向上,穿过上、下地壳分界面,并延伸至上地壳.穹窿状反射异常体内部反射波视频率随深度增加而降低,在莫霍面附近的壳幔过渡带也出现明显的频率降低、界面扭曲和变形现象,推断它可能是上地幔岩浆上涌到地壳内部的侵入体.结合电磁测深结果可以发现,上地幔热物质的上涌和东、西向拉张可能是形成石家庄—晋县凹陷的动力学机制.探测结果为深入理解石家庄地区的深部地球动力学过程、华北克拉通破坏机制、深浅构造关系和地震构造提供了依据. 相似文献
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Geometric form of Haiyuan fault zone in the crustal interior and dynamics implications 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Introduction The deep faults in the crust have direct relation to the occurrence of earthquakes and the dis-tribution of active seismic zones, so the researches on the geometric form and physical parametersof deep crustal faults are always an important problem in seismology. The researches are not onlysignificant to knowledge the deep tectonic background of strong earthquake and seismogenicmechanism, but also play a very important role in earthquake hazard estimation and earthquakeprevent… 相似文献
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云南位于南北地震带南段,地震活动具有频度高、强度大的特点,中小地震几乎遍及云南南部,是中国大陆内部地震活动最强的地区之一.滇南地区跨越多个重要的地质构造单元和多条地震带,其中红河断裂带是跨越该地区的一条大型的走滑断裂带,作为印支地块和华南地块两大地块的分界断裂,对人们认识板块相互运动及其深部动力学背景具有重要意义.中国地震局于2010年启动了"中国地震科学台阵探测--南北地震带南段"项目,在云南省中西部跨越红河断裂带布设一条近东西向的深地震宽角反射/折射探测剖面,本文利用该东西向深地震宽角反射/折射剖面来研究红河断裂带及滇南地区详细的地壳结构及其孕震背景.研究结果表明:沿测线地壳结构呈西薄东厚的特征,以红河断裂带为界,断裂带以西地壳较薄,约34 km,以东地壳加厚至44 km左右;红河断裂带两侧速度结构具有明显的差异,断裂带西侧速度较低,东侧速度明显偏高.由震相特征及获取的地壳结构可以看出,红河断裂带两侧由浅至深速度结构的异常特征说明该古缝合带两侧块体地壳结构岩性的巨大差异性. 相似文献