共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 128 毫秒
1.
本文提出一种用于研究太阳瞬变扰动在日球空间传播的新坐标系--瞬变源-日球电流片坐标系,并运用该坐标系以瞬变源耀斑为例,分析研究了由地球近空飞船观测到的277个耀斑-激波事件,发现:1.引起行星际激波和地球物理事件的大耀斑（Hα≥2,持续时间>半小时）的频数在耀斑-日球电流片坐标系中呈高斯分布,极值在电流片附近,那种在日面坐标系中随日面纬度呈双峰形的分布看不到了;2.当地球观测者和耀斑位于日球电流片同侧时,耀斑事件频次明显高于它们分处不同侧时的情形;3.激波参数（速度、磁场、密度和温度）呈现了同侧高于异侧,强激波多在同侧观测到;4.激波沿日球电流片方向的传播具有一定优势.上述结果表明,日球电流片的存在对瞬变扰动,如耀斑-激波在日球空间,特别是近太阳的传播可能具有重要影响. 相似文献
2.
本文采用一种新的坐标系——耀斑-日球电流片坐标系,对1966—1982年间由耀斑-激波所引起的277个耀斑-地磁扰动事件进行了分析.初步结果是:1.耀斑-地磁扰动事件在该坐标系中相对日球电流片的随机分布呈高斯分布,极大值在电流片附近;2.当地球和耀斑位于日球电流片同侧时,地磁扰动事件频次远高于异侧;3.地磁扰动强弱在该坐标系中的分布,亦呈现了同侧高于异侧,且极大值多在日球电流片附近;4.耀斑-激波能流密度ρ_2V_2~3及其跃变量ρ_2V_2~3-ρ_1V_1~3在该坐标系中具有十分类似于相应磁扰水平的分布,其离散程度后者略大于前者. 根据本文的结果可以看出,对耀斑-地磁扰动研究来说,近太阳日球电流片的存在是一个重要的特征面,它对耀斑-地磁扰动的产生和强弱水平有重要影响,使太阳耀斑活动与地磁活动效应之间的对应关系变得复杂化了. 相似文献
3.
本文采用一种新的坐标系--耀斑-日球电流片坐标系,对1966-1982年间由耀斑-激波所引起的277个耀斑-地磁扰动事件进行了分析.初步结果是:1.耀斑-地磁扰动事件在该坐标系中相对日球电流片的随机分布呈高斯分布,极大值在电流片附近;2.当地球和耀斑位于日球电流片同侧时,地磁扰动事件频次远高于异侧;3.地磁扰动强弱在该坐标系中的分布,亦呈现了同侧高于异侧,且极大值多在日球电流片附近;4.耀斑-激波能流密度ρ2V23及其跃变量ρ2V23-ρ1V13在该坐标系中具有十分类似于相应磁扰水平的分布,其离散程度后者略大于前者. 根据本文的结果可以看出,对耀斑-地磁扰动研究来说,近太阳日球电流片的存在是一个重要的特征面,它对耀斑-地磁扰动的产生和强弱水平有重要影响,使太阳耀斑活动与地磁活动效应之间的对应关系变得复杂化了. 相似文献
4.
提出了一个新的太阳宇宙线日 -地传输的数学模型 ,它包括日冕粒子分布源和行星际传播方程 .根据对太阳宇宙线耀斑黑子群特征和耀斑相的观测 ,提出了多极性黑子湮没的两阶段日冕传输过程和传输方程 ,得到了与观测特征一致的日冕粒子分布源 .日冕传输的第一阶段 ,和太阳耀斑脉冲相的时间相当 ,加速粒子通过扩散很快均匀地分布在耀斑区 ,形成所谓快传播区 .第二阶段 ,加速粒子向快传播区以外的日冕区扩散并向行星际空间逃逸 ,形成慢传播过程 .日冕传输模型的数值结果和日冕传输的观测特征符合 .太阳宇宙线的行星际传播采用三维正交均匀各向异性方程描述 .最后把模型的数值结果与 1 997年 9月 2 4日事件的SOHO（SolarandHeliosphericObservatory）观测资料作了比较 .能较好地符合 . 相似文献
5.
采用二维理想MHD模型，分别在日球赤道面（二维二分量模型）和日球子午面（二维 三分量模型）内研究太阳风中纯速度增幅扰动的演化. 结果表明，该扰动在向外传播的过程 中逐渐演化为双重激波对，即由4个激波组成的激波系统. 该4个激波按离太阳由近及远依次 为后向快激波、后向慢激波、前向慢激波和前向快激波. 双重激波对在子午面内相对扰动源 中心法线基本对称，而在赤道面内则不对称：扰动源中心法线西侧双重激波对结构更为明显 ，所跨经度范围宽于东侧. 初步分析表明，行星际磁场的螺旋结构是产生日球赤道面内双重 激波对结构东西不对称性的主要原因. 相似文献
6.
利用297个耀斑-行星际激波-地磁扰动事件,统计研究了耀斑-行星际激波等离子体结构与相应磁扰结构间的关系,新的发现是:当激波面后的磁场南、北分量不大时,激波等离子体结构决定着相应磁扰的基本结构形态,特别是等离子体热状态与相应磁扰的恢复相关系十分密切.由本文定义的激波能量传输指数--FS指数对相应地磁扰动能给出较好的描述.推论:除磁重联这类能量传输机制外,对于行星际磁场南、北分量较小时,还可能存在以等离子体过程为基础的决定磁扰变化结构的太阳风-磁层能量传输机制,应进一步研究. 相似文献
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8.
采用日球子午面内的二维三分量MHD模型,研究瞬态激波的传播特性,着重分析日球 电流片（HCS）、日球等离子体片（HPS）和低速流结构对激波传播的影响．结果表明,HCS 和HPS对激波传播几乎没有影响,而跨越HCS和HPS的低速流则显著改变激波的传播特性. 低 速流对激波的反射,导致激波扰动源一侧的激波速度加快、强度增强,低速流对激波透射的 阻碍作用导致激波扰动源异侧的激波滞后、强度减弱,但激波阵面的纬度跨度有所加宽．在 激波穿越过后,低速流区朝激波传播方向弯曲并受到骚扰,使得激波下游出现复杂的扰动结 构;对于激波扰动源同侧的激波下游,反射波与该处等离子体的相互作用同样会导致较为复 杂的扰动出现. 相似文献
9.
本文以行星际大尺度扇形磁场为基础,建立了研究太阳宇宙线在行星际传播较合理的扇形坐标系,并导出了太阳宇宙线在这种坐标系中的传播方程。同时研究了太阳宇宙线的一种扩散模型,扩散方程的解依赖于耀斑源在太阳上的磁径度,并得到了粒子强度随时间变化的特性,与观测结果比较,理论与观测资料符合较好。 相似文献
10.
本文在分析行星际激波传播的空间特性的基础上,提出了一种物理模式加统计的预报方法。对1975-1982年间58个耀斑-IPS激波事件是否引起地球磁暴急始进行预报的结果如下:有无磁暴急始发生的报准率是77.6％,虚报率为22.4％;磁暴急始发生时间的预报准确性,大多在±10小时内。这表明利用IPS观测进行磁暴急始预报有很大的潜力和现实可能性。 相似文献
11.
本文根据Forbush下降幅度随源耀斑经度分布的东、西不对称性,得到了有关地球轨道附近的一种由耀斑引起的冲击波模型。发现冲击波各向异性传播且表现出东、西不对称性。击波西部是强磁场区,东部为弱磁场区。与此相反,动力学参数和等离子体参数β则是东部比西部高。耀斑产生的扰动有分别向东、西方向的方位角速度存在。该模型同观测资料和理论推论是一致的。它能对磁扰和宇宙线Forbush下降等东、西不对称效应给出统一而自然的解释。耀斑等离子体流的这种东、西不对称性流动的可能起因也作了讨论。 相似文献
12.
A. V. Belov E. A. Eroshenko M. A. Abunina A. A. Abunin V. A. Oleneva V. G. Yanke 《Geomagnetism and Aeronomy》2016,56(6):645-651
Variations in the cosmic ray density during the initial phase of the Forbush effect during the first hours after the arrival of the interplanetary shock wave have been studied with the use of data on variations in the cosmic ray density with a rigidity of 10 GV obtained by the global survey method by the world network of neutron monitors in 1957?2012. It is found that behavior of this parameter after the arrival of the shock wave demonstrates high variability. A small (~1/5 of total number), though distinct, group of Forbush effects, in which the density of the cosmic ray increases (not decreases) after the arrival of the shock wave, is defined. As a whole, the initial variation in cosmic ray density is correlated with the Forbush effect magnitude and the strength of the associated geomagnetic disturbance. 相似文献
13.
银河宇宙线是电离层D层的重要电离源之一,它的急剧变化会使D层电子密度发生改变,从而影响VLF波的夜间传播。本文根据在西安接收英国GBR台的VLF波（16kc/s）的相位变化,讨论了在有宇宙线暴（Forbush下降）和强磁暴时,中纬D层电子浓度的变化和相应的VLF波的相位漂移;并根据VLF的相位变化,估计了相应的宇宙线强度变化。由于D层中的宇宙线强度变化通常难于观测,通过VLF波的相位漂移来估计它,这是很有意义的。所以,VLF波的传播效应可能成为间接探测宇宙线强度变化的有用工具。 相似文献
14.
V. K. Korotkov 《Geomagnetism and Aeronomy》2007,47(1):37-42
Based on the multiplied neutron registration with the Magadan neutron monitor, the parameters of the spectrum of variations in the cosmic ray hardness and variation in geomagnetic cutoff rigidity for Forbush decreases and intensity increases, related to registration at a level of solar cosmic ray observation, have been determined using the spectrographic method. Results of an analysis indicate that the spectral index (represented in the power form) increases for Forbush decreases and decreases for increases in CR intensity. In the analyzed cases, geomagnetic cutoff rigidity decreases for intensity increases and Forbush decreases. 相似文献
15.
通过对太阳风-磁层-电离层系统的全球MHD模拟,研究地球弓激波相对日地连线的旋转非对称性．模拟限于太阳风速度沿日地连线、地球磁偶极矩和行星际磁场（IMF）与日地连线垂直的简单情况．模拟结果表明,即便对于IMF强度为零的情况,弓激波相对日地连线也不具备旋转对称性质：终端面（晨昏子午面）及其向阳侧的弓激波截线的东西宽度大于南北宽度（约9%~11％）,终端面尾侧的弓激波截线东西宽度小于南北宽度（约8％）．在存在IMF的情况下,弓激波的位形同时受到磁层顶的形状和快磁声波速度各向异性的影响．磁层顶向外扩张并沿IMF方向拉伸,且其扩张和拉伸程度随IMF由北转南而增强．在磁鞘中,垂直于磁场方向的快磁声波速度高于平行方向．因此,磁层顶拉伸方向与快磁声波速度最大方向垂直,它们对弓激波位置的效应恰好相反;弓激波的最终形状取决于何种效应占据主导地位．对于终端面尾侧,快磁声波速度的各向异性起主导作用,弓激波截线沿IMF垂直方向的宽度大于平行方向．对于终端面及其向阳侧,弓激波截线的形状与IMF取向有关：在准北向或晨昏向IMF情况下,弓激波截线沿IMF垂直方向的宽度仍大于平行方向;在准南向IMF情况下,弓激波截线沿IMF垂直方向的宽度小于平行方向的．鉴于弓激波形状同IMF取向之间的密切关系,我们提议以IMF为基准方向,提取弓激波截线的平行半宽度Rb∥和垂直半宽度Rb⊥作为尺度参数．这些尺度参数和通常引入的弓激波截线的东西半宽度yb和南北半宽度zb相比,更为合理地表征了弓激波的几何性质．模拟结果表明,在终端面上,yb/zb和Rb∥/Rb⊥在IMF各向同性取向下的统计平均值均低于1,与观测得到的结论一致. 相似文献
16.
Variations in the cosmic ray intensity (specifically, Forbush effects) and in the geomagnetic cutoff rigidity planetary system during powerful geomagnetic disturbances in cycle 23 were studied based on worldwide station network data by the global spectrographic survey method. The cosmic ray variation spectra during these periods and the spectral indices of these variations when the spectrum was approximated by the power function of the particle rigidity varying from 10 to 50 GV during different Forbush effect development phases are presented. It was indicated that the spectral indices of cosmic ray variations during spectrum approximation by the power function of the particle rigidity are larger during the maximal modulation phase than during the cosmic ray intensity decline and recovery phases. The fact that the amplitude of the second harmonic of the cosmic ray pitch angle anisotropy did not increase on November 20, 2003, confirms that the Earth fell into a Sun-independent spheromark magnetic cloud. The increased amplitudes of the second harmonic of the cosmic ray pitch angle anisotropy during other Forbush effects in July 2000, March–April 2001, October 2003, and November 2004 indicate that the Earth was in the coronal mass ejection region, in which the interplanetary magnetic field structure was loop-like during these periods. 相似文献
17.
The effect of solar and galactic cosmic ray variations on the duration of elementary synoptic processes (ESPs) in the Atlantic-European sector of the Northern Hemisphere has been studied. It has been found that solar cosmic ray (SCR) bursts result in an increase in the duration of ESPs, which belong to the western and meridional forms of atmospheric circulation. Forbush decreases in galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) are accompanied by an increase in the duration of ESPs, which belong to the meridional atmospheric circulation form, and in a decrease in the duration of ESPs, which are related to the western and eastern circulation forms. It has been assumed that the observed variations in the ESP duration are caused by the effect of short-period cosmic ray variations on the intensity of cyclonic processes at middle and high latitudes, namely, the regeneration of cyclones near the southeastern coast of Greenland after SCR bursts and the development of blocking anticyclones over the northeastern Atlantic, Europe, and Scandinavia during GCR Forbush decreases. 相似文献
18.
The Forbush decrease energy spectrum, observed during the growth phase of cycle 24 in 2010–2012, was studied based on the measurements performed with the Kuzmin cosmic ray spectrograph. The data of the 24-NM-64 neutron monitor and muon telescopes, installed at water equivalent levels of 0, 7, 20, and 40 m, was used. The performed analysis indicated that a softer energy spectrum was observed during the growth phase of cycle 24 than during the previous cycle (cycle 23). The conclusion was been drawn that a more turbulent magnetic field with the predominant diffusion mechanism in the formation of the Forbush decreases in the cosmic ray intensity exists in the current cycle (cycle 24). 相似文献
19.
The data from terrestrial observations of cosmic rays at the global network of stations by the method of spectrographic global survey were used to analyze two Forbush decreases during the geomagnetic storms in March and June 2015. The spectra of cosmic ray variations, pitch angle anisotropy of cosmic rays at different phases of Forbush decrease development, and the changes in the planetary system of geomagnetic cutoff rigidities are presented. It is shown that, during the approximation of the spectra of variations by the power function of particle rigidity in the interval of 10–50 GV, the spectrum index is softer at the maximum modulation phase than during the phases of cosmic ray intensity decline and recovery. In the axisymmetric model of the bounded magnetosphere of the Earth, which takes into account the currents at the magnetopause and the ring current, the distance to the subsolar point and the radius of the ring current, as well as the contribution of the ring current to the changes in geomagnetic cutoff rigidity and to the Dst index during the studied events, are determined. 相似文献