共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 234 毫秒
1.
对１９９８年１０月１８日大同－阳高６．１级震群同的多种宏观前兆异常现象进行了调查与研究,叙述了在同－阳高地前宏观前铛异常的主要表现形式,分析了这些宏观前兆异常 时、空、强分布规律及其与地震的关系,得出此次地震宏观前兆异常主要表现在突发性,害有兆异常空间分布的集中程度与烈度成正比,异常的空间展布方向与地震活动构造相关的结论。 相似文献
2.
3.
采用形变速率，静压订正及固体潮渭和分析等方法从多种形主资料提取粤闽交界地区地震形变的中期前兆信息，并据此研究了形变异常的特征。最后，从形变机理，异常信息合成及信息可信度评估等方面讨论了该区地震形变前兆的可信度，认为该区震前形变速率及地壳特性等反常变化可视作地震形变的中期前兆，震兆异常具有准同步群体性，发展阶段性和空间分布密集性等异常时空分布特征，震兆可信度达０．５以上。 相似文献
4.
通过研究唐山７．８级地震ρｓ震时突变现象。发现ρｓ震时突变具有变化幅度显著，空间分布普遍以及与震前ρｓ异常变化性质的相反的似弹性回跳现象等。研究了与ρｓ震时突变有关的震前ρｓ的前兆标志及其特征，用从复杂的ρｓ异常变化中识别和判定与地震有直接关系的地震前兆，对提高地电方法地震水平具有重要的实际意义和应用前景。 相似文献
5.
6.
在前人工作的基础上,应用概率增益的思想对西北地区东部地震前兆观测的综合概率增益进行了探索性的应用研究。结果表明,前兆手段的概率增益异常集中出现在震前半年至震前1～3个月,异常项数随时间向发震时刻逼近而增加,未来震中在异常区附近,异常在空间上较为集中;前兆综合概率增益变化较大,中强地震前最高可达6个量级,但与台网的分布密度有关;中强地震前的平均台项概率增益总体上与震级大小有关,另外还与前兆台项的映震效果有关。 相似文献
7.
8.
在总结华北北部地区唐山、大同地震前地电阻率和形变前兆的象限性特征的基础上，分析并发现张北地震前的形变和地电阻率前兆也具有一定的象限性特征．说明前兆象限性的存在并非偶然，是与孕震体的存在有关．通过岩石实验与理论分析认为，在孕震过程中，前兆异常确实存在象限性特征．象限性的空间分布范围并不是固定不变，而是具有逐渐变大——最大——变小的过程．并且象限性的上升区与下降区（或压缩区与膨胀区）在近源区与远源区不同．如果基于对前兆象限性的认识，指导分析前兆异常不同形态异常的空间分布，对地震的可能发震地区预测将具有参考意义． 相似文献
9.
地震地下流体在地震预测研究与震情跟踪中发挥着重要作用.本文基于中国地震地下流体前兆观测台网所涉及的资料范围，系统收集了2008年四川汶川8.0级地震的可能地下流体前兆异常，分析了这些异常的空间展布、时空演化以及形态等总体变化特征.结果表明，收集到的68项异常均位于10-8应变量范围内，59项异常位于汶川8.0级地震3倍破裂区（约900 km）范围内，占异常总数的87%，这与国内外已发表的地下流体前兆异常空间分布范围和震级之间的关系相符，说明汶川8.0级巨大地震的前兆观测范围至少包含该地震3倍破裂尺度甚至更大；异常出现时间总体呈现出临近地震异常数量增多的特点，但异常数量并非逐渐增多，而是在震前5个月和1个月突然增多；异常形态特征复杂，水氡和水位总体呈现出趋势性异常特征，水温总体表现出短临变化特征，主要表现为震前1—3个月突升、突降或波动异常变化.此外，本文还结合国内外已发表的地震地下流体前兆异常以及地震孕育理论，讨论了异常的空间分布、时间尺度与未来震中的关系，这对深入认识地下流体前兆异常及产生机理都具有重要的现实意义和科学价值. 相似文献
10.
11.
WAVELET TRANSFORM ANALYSES OF FAULTS DETECTION ON ISOSTATIC GRAVITY ANOMALIES: A CASE STUDY FROM THE QAIDAM BASIN AND ITS ADJACENT AREAS 
下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Isostasy is used to describe a condition to which the Earth's crust and mantle tend, in the absence of disturbing forces. Eliminating the gravity effect of crust, isostatic gravity anomalies contain abundant geological structure information, which can be extracted by edge detection methods of gravity or magnetic anomalies. In order to accurately obtain the edge information, a great variety of methods, such as analytical signal amplitude, tilt angle, theta map θ, etc., have been proposed by domestic and international scholars, and many significant advances have been made in recent days. However, each method has its advantages and disadvantages. Wavelet transform is an effective method developed in recent years. It has the enhanced noise resistance and a feature of multi-scale decomposition, and can be used to identify more detailed information of edge. Here with the aim of demonstrating its effectiveness in faults detection, we established a theoretical geological model, which consists of five geological bodies. The geological bodies with different density present a fault zone and the areas on its sides, as well as two geological bodies with different geological properties. We calculated the gravity anomalies caused by this model, in addition, we added 5% Gaussian noise to the gravity anomalies for a comparative analysis to analyze the effects of wavelet transform on edge detection. Finally, we applied wavelet transform method to the decomposition of isostatic gravity anomalies, obtained 1st to 5th order wavelet transform details of the gravity anomalies, and compared with the well-studied faults in the Qaidam Basin and its adjacent areas. The results obtained by wavelet transform matched well with the known faults, the anomalies of different order denote the location of different fault zone(e.g. the Tanan Fault is nearly invisible on the original and the first order isostasy gravity anomalies map, but is well expressed on the second order isostasy gravity anomalies map; The apparent details of the 4th and 5th indicate that faults in front of the Saishiteng-Xitieshan Shan are deep faults and they are likely to distribute continuously in the deep underground). Besides, we calculated the estimated depth of isostasy gravity anomalies of different order through power spectrum analysis as well, finding that different faults extend to different depth. For example, the Danghe-Nanshan Fault and the Southern Fault in the middle Qilian Shan are 10km in depth approximately, but the faults in front of the Saishiteng-Xitieshan Shan are more than 70km in depth. In addition, we made two comparative studies, the first one is comparing the results mentioned above with the result through wavelet transform of Bouguer gravity anomalies. The second one is comparing with the results through other edge detection methods of isostatic gravity anomalies. In spite of the inconformity between anomalies and the faults to some extent, which is likely caused by the change of lithology or faults distribution in the deep underground, we finally found that:more subtle details induced from faults can be detected from isostatic gravity anomalies by using wavelet transform because of its feature of multi-scale decomposition. The wavelet transform method is proved to be more accurate and reliable(at least in the Qaidam Basin and its adjacent areas)comparing with other methods. 相似文献
12.
13.
We have developed a least-squares minimization approach to determine the depth and the amplitude coefficient of a buried structure
from residual gravity anomaly profile. This approach is basically based on application of Werner deconvolution method to gravity
formulas due to spheres and cylinders, and solving a set of algebraic linear equations to estimate the two-model parameters.
The validity of this new method is demonstrated through studying and analyzing two synthetic gravity anomalies, using simulated
data generated from a known model with different random error components and a known statistical distribution. After being
theoretically proven, this approach was applied on two real field gravity anomalies from Cuba and Sweden. The agreement between
the results obtained by the proposed method and those obtained by other interpretation methods is good and comparable. Moreover,
the depth obtained by the proposed approach is found to be in very good agreement with that obtained from drilling information. 相似文献
14.
对2009年7月9日姚安6.0级强震前地震活动、前兆和相关宏观异常进行分析,发现这些异常对该地区6.0级以上强震的预报和研究具有一定的参考价值. 相似文献
15.
16.
北黄海盆地是我国近海海域尚未取得油气勘探突破的盆地之一.在海洋环境中应用海底油气藏的烃渗漏现象寻找油气有利区具有良好应用前景,为了给该区的含油气远景评价及下一步油气勘探缩小靶区提供地球物理依据,本文利用磁法这一经济、有效的油气渗漏异常地球物理判别手段,开展了识别海底烃渗漏引发磁异常的方法研究.给出一种根据“有导师”的模式识别技术,在充分利用磁异常多种数值特征及纹理特征的基础上,提取烃渗漏蚀变带磁异常的方法.通过已知约束信息（如见油井位等）的点、线、面三种基元及其邻近数据网格点组成基类,将其提取的模式或特征向量作为待识别异常匹配或学习的模板,利用加权欧氏距离函数计算待识别异常特征向量与模板向量之间的相似性,进行模式匹配,从而识别出与模板相似程度较高的异常.应用此方法圈定了北黄海盆地的烃渗漏“磁亮点”分布,从“磁亮点”异常区与中生代地层的分布以及地球化学异常（低层大气烃类检测和海底微生物异常）的对应情况来看,表明该识别方法是识别烃渗漏弱磁异常的一种有效手段.对研究区构造特征、磁异常及地球化学异常特征的综合分析表明,位于北黄海研究区东部和北部的“磁亮点”异常区可能是北黄海盆地较好的含油气远景区. 相似文献
17.
基于《中国震例》及其他相关的内部震例资料、 研究报告及文献资料, 对南北地震带地震前的定点形变异常整体特征进行了研究分析。 结果表明: 异常项数随震级升高而增大, 但不同地震间差异较大。 异常的最长持续时间和最大分布范围随震级增大而增大, 但对于6.0~7.9级地震异常在震区附近出现“围空”现象。 研究区内异常主要以趋势转折和破年变为主, 其次为大幅突变、 大幅波动、 潮汐因子异常。 各类异常的时空特征对地震的震级、 时间和地点具有不同的指示作用。 震前400天至200天的范围内异常数量会出现快速增加现象, 对于6级以上地震还发现在震前200天以内出现异常数量的显著减少现象。 另外, 发现存在一些定点形变异常敏感台站, 可能与区域构造及应力应变积累位置有关。 相似文献
18.
Dynamical effect of the zonal wind anomalies over the tropical western Pacific on ENSO cycles 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The circulation and zonal wind anomalies in the lower troposphere over the equatorial western Pacific and their roles in the developing and decaying processes of the 1982–1983, 1986 –1987, 1991–1992 and 1997–1998 El Ni?o events and the occurrence of La Ni?a events are analyzed by using the observed data in this paper. The results show that before the developing stage of these El Ni?o events, there were cyclonic circulation anomalies in the lower troposphere over the tropical western Pacific, and the anomalies brought the westerly anomalies over the Indonesia and the tropical western Pacific. However, when the El Ni?o events developed to their mature phase, there were anticyclonic circulation anomalies in the lower troposphere over the tropical western Pacific, and the anomalies made the easterly anomalies appear over the tropical western Pacific. A simple, dynamical model of tropical ocean is used to calculate the response of the equatorial oceanic waves to the observed anomalies of wind stress near the sea surface of the equatorial Pacific during the 1997/98 ENSO cycle, which was the strongest one in the 20th century. It is shown that the zonal wind stress anomalies have an important dynamical effect on the devel-opment and decay of this El Ni?o event and the occurrence of the following La Ni?a event. 相似文献
19.
20.
万全井水位阶变序列异常与地震关系初探 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
本文研究了水位阶变异常与区域地震活动的关系。其思路是先把一系列水位阶变异常视为阶变序列异常，按阶变密集程序把序列异常分为几个子序列异常。然后分析各子序列异常的产生及其发展、演变过程与区域中强地震活动的关系，综合各子序列异常为序列异常，分析其与地震活动趋势的关系。应用上述方法，文章分析了万全井１９８１年以来记录到的一系更水位阶变异常与几次区域中强地震活动的关系。根据序列异常的阶变频次、幅度、方向变化 相似文献