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1.
武威—天祝—庄浪河NNW向断裂分段及变形特征   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
在野外专题考察,大比例尺活断层地质填图,高精度地质剖面及阶地剖面实测的基础上, 了武威-天祝-庄可NNW向断裂的活动时代,变形方式及分段特征。  相似文献   

2.
遥感技术自诞生以来对于我们从宏观尺度上认识地质体带来了极大的便利,特别是20世纪中叶以来,遥感平台和传感器的制造技术都取得了很大的进步,获取了大量的全球范围的遥感数据,质量也随着传感器的进步有了很大的提高。文中在简要梳理遥感技术发展的过程中,详细阐述了Landsat、SPOT、Quick Bird等几个对于活动构造解译有着里程碑意义的卫星和影像的参数,并系统回顾了光学影像解译随着分辨率发展而取得的进步;简单介绍了当前最新的光学影像对比技术;此外还基于高分辨率卫星影像进行的精细地貌填图技术取得的成果,对遥感技术在未来活动构造研究中可能发挥的作用进行了展望。  相似文献   

3.
研究区内岩石物性差异明显,为进行高精度磁测提供了可靠的地球物理依据.本次工作利用Hc-95型手持式氦(4 He)光泵磁力仪在13451矿区进行了高精度磁法扫面,在划定岩性界线的同时,还识别出了隐伏的中基性火山岩.通过磁法资料的延拓处理,指出了重要的构造边界.磁法数据与地质填图的完美耦合,不仅使物探方法更好地为覆盖区地质...  相似文献   

4.
本文结合浙江1∶5万鸣鹤镇、澥浦镇、慈城镇、鄞江镇、姜山镇幅区调项目实际材料,系统论述了浅覆盖城市经济区立体填图的内容、方法、手段和工作程序,总结了慈城测区区域地质调查项目组浅覆盖区立体填图的方法与经验,论述了浅覆盖城市经济区立体填图最新进展,可供城市经济区地质调查和浅覆盖区三维立体填图借鉴.  相似文献   

5.
1:5万瑞金市幅战略性矿产远景调查填图采用了数字填图技术。本文详细介绍了数字填图的前期准备工作、野外PRB过程、PRB数据室内资料整理操作过程、成果表达等内容。我们的实践表明,数字填图技术实现了矿产地质调查填图野外观察图、文、像的数字化,改变和优化了传统的矿产地质填图的精度和资料整合方式,大幅度提高了矿产调查的工作效率,缩短了找矿填图周期。  相似文献   

6.
介绍了高精度航磁调查在西天山东段的应用效果.在高精度航磁图上,展现出多个不同磁场背景及磁异常特征区,它们是不同构造、岩浆活动、地层及岩性分布的综合反映.该区不仅区域磁场特征明显,而且局部异常信息也极为丰富.在最新的高精度航磁图上,已知铁矿异常特征明显,为矿区外围勘探和同类地区寻找新的铁矿提供了依据.利用高精度航磁资料,新发现了五十余处铁矿异常,在2007年进行了地面查证的5处异常中,有4处见矿.这些新的铁矿异常的成功发现不仅带来了巨大的经济效益,也为今后利用高精度航磁测量在类似地区进行找矿积累了经验.  相似文献   

7.
大地震的同震地表破裂高分辨率填图对于理解破裂传播机制、量化地震灾害和地震危险性等至关重要;无人机航片和地形数据为地表破裂研究提供大量的高精度数据.同时基于海量数据的人工填图耗时费力,效率较低;机器学习(Machine learning)技术的发展为快速处理这类高分辨率图像数据提供了新思路.本文以2021年玛多MW7.4级地震震后高精度无人机航片为基础数据,展示了机器学习技术快速、高效识别地表破裂的潜力.基于卷积神经网络Canny算法,详细讨论了无人机数字正射影像的处理流程和关键步骤,包括准备训练数据、训练和后处理.对比人工识别和机器识别的结果显示,本文所提出的方法可以有效地绘制地表破裂,为未来研究大地震地表破裂提供新思路.同时,展示了机器学习在地震地质、地表过程和地貌等定量研究中的巨大优势和广阔前景.  相似文献   

8.
大比例尺活动断层填图工作是我国近两年地震地质研究中的一项主要工作。目的是通过详尽的工作,更深入地研究我国主要活动断裂的几何学、演化历史及形成机制、断裂运动学特征、古地震及大地震重复间隔,为地震预报、工程地震危险性评价及减轻地质灾害等方面提供重要的科学依据。为了进一步推动这项工作的开展,加强其组织管理和学术指导,在国家地震局震害防御司的协助下,中国地震学会地震地质专业委员会、福建省地震学会、福建省地震局地震综合队于1989年5月7日至11日在福建厦门联合主持召开了“华南沿海地区活动断层标志研讨会”。学部委员丁国瑜先生、国家地震局活动断层填图工作专家组全体  相似文献   

9.
近年来,随着遥感影像分辨率的提高和遥感信息提取技术的发展,遥感技术逐渐成为快速获取地震灾情信息、震后应急和震害快速评估的有效手段。但以往的遥感震害信息提取结果精度较低、震害识别对象单一  相似文献   

10.
《地球》2017,(11)
对于蛇绿构造混杂岩块来说,进行构图常常几种不同步骤。文章以此为写作对象,首先介绍了蛇绿构造岩块填图概述,接着分析了蛇绿混杂岩带填图工作程序,分别从遥感、野外地质路线、剖面、填图四个角度进行论述,以便更好的完成蛇绿构造混杂岩块带填图。  相似文献   

11.
焉耆盆地活动构造的遥感图像特征   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
焉耆盆地是一个位于天山东南部的山间盆地 ,在遥感图像上 ,可以看到盆地西面的活动构造在地表留下的痕迹 :清楚的线形构造 ,被错开的水系、冲沟等。经分析认为 ,这些活动构造主要由北边的活动褶皱和南边的右行走滑活动断裂组成。野外的实际调查与图像分析的结果十分吻合 ,表明遥感图像在研究活动构造方面是一个十分有力和快速的工具。活动断层的最大水平位移为 2 10m ,最大垂直位移为 2 0m ,主要以走滑作用为主。天山地区活动构造的发育表明印度板块向欧亚板块的碰撞仍在持续  相似文献   

12.
郯庐断裂带中段遥感信息的处理与识别   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
本文采用数字图象增强处理、数据测定及目视解译等方法,研究郯庐断裂带中段的遥感信息。研究结果是:1.建立了区域活动断裂解译标志,从而得知,本区东部两条主断裂的地面平面展布,南部以右列形式为主,北部主要表现为左列,中部为平行破裂;2.影象上可识别出临沂—郯城地区有四条隐伏的北北东向主断裂及若干条切割主断裂的北西—北西西向断裂。郯庐断裂带中段显示了一些纵向差异性;3.高通滤波处理对本区隐伏构造的影象显示较为有效  相似文献   

13.
郯庐断裂带明光-庐江段遥感特征分析   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
郑颖平  方良好  疏鹏  路硕 《中国地震》2017,33(1):129-140
利用ETM+、KH卫星影像资料,对郯庐断裂带明光-庐江段开展详细的遥感解译工作,分析其构造地貌及几何展布,并结合现场地质调查加以验证。结果表明,郯庐断裂带明光-庐江段的4条主干断裂在遥感影像中均有表现;西支2条断裂北段明显,南段隐伏,断层沿线发育串珠状湖泊、断塞塘、线性陡坎、弧形等构造;东支2条断裂全段影像线性特征均明显,断层通过处地形凹槽带、线性陡坎、刀砍状断层崖等地貌特征极为发育;野外调查发现,在线性影像特征较明显的地方,断层破碎带均发育,有的宽达几十米,且性质变化明显,该段具有多期多次复杂活动特征。综合遥感解译及现场调查研究认为,本文获得了郯庐断裂带明光-庐江段构造地貌特征及地表几何分布,为该区域地震危险性评价提供了依据。  相似文献   

14.
With the development of photogrammetry technology and the popularity of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs)technology in recent years, using UAV photogrammetry technology to rapidly acquire high precision and high resolution topographic and geomorphic data on the fault zone has gradually become an important technical means. This paper first summarizes the basic principle and workflow of a new digital photogrammetry technology, SfM (Structure from Motion), which is simple, efficient and low cost. Using this technology, we conducted aerial image acquisition and data processing for a typical fault landform on the northern of Caka Basin in Qinghai. The digital elevation model (DEM)with 6.1cm/pix resolution is generated and the density of point cloud is as high as 273 points/m2. The coverage area is 0.463km2. Further, the terrain and slope data parallel to the fault direction are extracted by topographic analysis method, and combined with the contour map and the slope diagram generated by the DEM, a fine interpretation and quantitative study of complex multilevel geomorphic surfaces is carried out. Finally, based on the results of sophisticated interpretation of geomorphology, we got the vertical displacements of the T1 terrace to the T3 terrace as (1.01±0.06)m, (1.37±0.13)m and (3.10±0.11)m, and the minimum vertical displacements of the T4 terrace and the T5 terrace as (3.77±0.14)m and (5.46±0.26)m, respectively, through the topographic profile data extracted by DEM. Such vertical displacement parameters are difficult to obtain directly by traditional remote sensing images, which shows the great application prospect of UAV photogrammetry technology in the quantitative study of active tectonics.  相似文献   

15.
据航、卫片解译,杜尚别-瓦赫什地区有11条线性构造。由它们构成的努涅克和科摩索姆洛巴德构造结为晚更新世-全新世活动构造,未来可能发生强震及灾难性地震。  相似文献   

16.
Detailed analysis was conducted on large‐scale gravitational‐tectonic deformations and landslides in the Acambay graben, an intra‐arc basin in the trans‐Mexican volcanic belt (TMVB). Field mapping and remote sensing revealed the slope instability of the northern graben boundary induced by the Acambay‐Tixmadejé fault. Two major landslides of 0·1 km3 and 0·05 km3 in volume were identified and their characteristics were analyzed according to the role of tectonics, mechanism of slope failure, and possible triggering factors. Quaternary faulting played a major role in increasing the local relief, and the activity of the Acambay‐Tixmadejé fault represents the main geomorphic factor conditioning the gravitational movements. Moreover, displacements along this fault generated sliding surfaces and reduced the strength of the rock mass. The two landslides are classified as large‐scale rotational slides involving volcanic rocks of late Miocene‐Pleistocene age. Since the Acambay graben is a seismogenic area with a known maximum horizontal ground acceleration of 0·5 g, a strong earthquake could be ascribed as the possible triggering mechanism of the landslides. Our work represents the first analysis of large gravitational slope movements in tectonically active regions in Mexico, a process that can be common in the intra‐arc basins of the TMVB, where active tectonic, seismicity, weak altered volcanic rocks, and heavy rains affect the slope stability. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

17.
Remote sensing technology has brought great convenience to our understanding of the macroscopic geological features since its inception. Especially, great progress has been made in manufacturing techniques of remote sensing platforms and sensors since the mid 20th century, and a huge number of global remote sensing data have been acquired. The quality of the data has been greatly improved based on the sensor's development. This article briefly reviews the processes of development of the remote sensing technology, elaborates on several satellites' parameters which have important significance for active tectonics interpretation, such as Landsat, SPOT, QuickBird, etc., and systematically reviews the progress in optical image interpretation made with the improvement of image resolution. The paper also briefly introduces the latest optical imaging correlation techniques, the detailed geomorphological mapping techniques based high-resolution satellite images, and the perspective of application of the remote sensing technology to active tectonics research.  相似文献   

18.
付萍杰  张景发  王鑫 《地震学报》2017,39(5):708-724
以沂沭断裂带南段(沂水县—郯城县)及周边地区为研究对象,收集该地区的遥感影像、数字高程模型和布格重力数据,研究区域构造地貌和地壳深部构造特征,进一步对沂沭断裂带南段与周边断裂的交切关系予以分析.研究结果显示:在遥感影像中,蒙山山前断裂和苍尼断裂的构造地貌特征明显,断裂沿线发育水系转弯、河流错断、断层陡坎、断层崖、断层三角面等地貌现象,反映了两断裂正断兼左旋走滑的活动性质,其中蒙山山前断裂向东延伸至莒南县附近,苍尼断裂向东延至郯城一带,两条断裂在地貌上均截切了沂沭断裂带;在重力细节场中,两断裂形成了不同尺度上的重力梯度带,切割至下地壳深度,在地壳浅层至深层均交切于沂沭断裂带,且交切处出现扭曲、断折、串珠状等重力异常现象,证实其在地壳深部切穿沂沭断裂带.因此,两条断裂的遥感和重力场解译结果具有明显的一致性,在地貌及深部均截切沂沭断裂带南段,使其出现分段性特征.此外,在临沭县附近发现了一条新断裂,即相庄—沙岭断裂,该断裂在地貌上呈北高南低,沿线水系发生左旋同步转弯,且在1—3阶重力细节场中形成线性梯度条带,故推测该断裂下切至中地壳深度,在临沭县附近截切沂沭断裂带交切于东地堑,并未延伸至西地堑.   相似文献   

19.
20.
Jinta Nanshan Fault is an important fault in northeast front of Qing-Zang Plateau, and it is crucial for determining the eastern end of Altyn Tagh Fault. However, there is still debate on its significant strike-slip movement. In this paper, we study the Late Quaternary activity of Jinta Nanshan Fault and its geological and geomorphic expressions by interpreting aerial photographs and high-resolution remote sensing images, surveying and mapping of geological and geomorphic appearances, digging and clarifying fault profiles and mapping deformation characteristics of micro-topographies, then we analyze whether strike-slip activity exists on Jinta Nanshan Fault. We get a more complete fault geometry than previous studies from most recent remote sensing images. Active fault traces of Jinta Nanshan mainly include 2 nearly parallel, striking 100°~90° fault scarps, and can be divided into 3 segments. West segment and middle segment form a left stepover with 2~2.5km width, and another stepover with 1.2km width separates the middle and east segment. We summarize geomorphic and geologic evidence relating to strike slip activity of Jinta Nanshan Fault. Geomorphic expressions are as follows:First, fault scarps with alternating facing directions; second, sinistral offset of stream channels and micro-topographies; third, pull-apart basins and compressive-ridges at discontinuous part of Jinta Nanshan Fault. Geologic expressions are as follows:First, fault plane characteristics, including extremely high fault plane angle, unstable dip directions and coexistence of normal fault and reverse fault; second, flower structures. Strike-slip rate was estimated by using geomorphic surface age of Zheng et al.(2013)and left-lateral offset with differential GPS measurements of the same geomorphic surface at field site in Fig. 4e. We calculated a strike-slip rate of (0.19±0.05)mm/a, which is slightly larger than or almost the same with vertical slip rate of (0.11±0.03)mm/a from Zheng et al.(2013). When we confirm the strike-slip activity of Jinta Nanshan, we discuss its potential dynamic sources:First, eastern extension of Altyn Tagh Fault and second, strain partitioning of northeastward extension of Qilian Shan thrust belt. The first one is explainable when it came to geometric pattern of several E-W striking fault and eastward decreasing strike slip rate, but the former cannot explain why the Heishan Fault, which locates between the the Altyn Tagh Fault and Jinta Nanshan Fault, is a pure high angle reverse fault. The latter seems more explainable, because oblique vectors may indeed partition onto a fault and manifest strike-slip activity.  相似文献   

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