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1.
层状半空间中洞室对入射平面P波的放大作用 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
文中利用间接边界元法,在频域内求解了层状弹性半空间中洞室对入射平面P波的放大作用问题。通过自由场反应分析,求得假想洞室边界上各单元的应力响应。在洞室边界各个单元上施加虚拟分布荷载,求得位移和应力的格林函数。根据应力边界条件确定虚拟分布荷载,将自由场位移响应和虚拟分布荷载产生的位移响应叠加起来,即得到问题的解答。比较了层状半空间和均匀半空间中洞室对入射平面P波的放大作用,结果表明,层状半空间情况有可能导致较大的地表位移幅值,尤其是对于较低频率入射波。 相似文献
2.
弹性层状半空间中沉积谷地对入射平面SH波的放大作用 总被引：6，自引：3，他引：6
对Wolf理论进行拓展,使之可解决沉积谷地对波的散射问题,进而利用间接边界元法,求解了弹性层状半空间中沉积谷地对入射平面SH波的放大作用问题。通过自由场反应分析,求得假想边界上各点的位移和各单元的应力反应。施加虚拟均布荷载,求得位移和应力的格林函数。根据应力和位移连续边界条件确定虚拟分布荷载,将自由场反应和虚拟分布荷载产生的反应叠加起来,即得到问题的解答。最后,以基岩上单一土层中沉积谷地对入射平面SH波的放大作用为例进行了数值计算分析,结果表明,层状半空间中沉积谷地和均匀半空间中沉积谷地对波的放大作用存在显著差别。文中分析了造成差别的原因,并讨论了覆盖层厚度和刚度对放大作用的影响。 相似文献
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流体饱和半空间二维地形三分量弹性波散射间接边界元模拟 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
无限长局部地形地震波斜入射响应问题称为二维三分量问题,在计算量远小于三维的情况下,一定程度上反映了近地表场地的三维动力响应特征.基于天然土体的成层性及固液两相耦合特性,以层状多孔介质内部移动线荷载(孔隙水压)动力格林函数作为基本解,开展流体饱和半空间二维地形三分量弹性波散射的2.5维间接边界元模拟研究.总场响应由自由波场和散射波场叠加构成,前者可由直接刚度法求得,后者则通过施加移动虚拟均布荷载和移动虚拟孔隙水压所产生的动力响应来模拟.该方法优势在于离散仅限于地形底边界(无须离散自由地表),格林函数计算不存在奇异性(荷载可直接加在边界上),容易控制计算精度,对复杂边界条件具有很强的适应性.在退化验证和精度比较的基础上,以梯形凹陷和半椭圆沉积地形为例,模拟了时域和频域的流体饱和半空间三维弹性波散射响应.研究表明:局部地形的地震动响应依赖于入射频率、入射角度、边界透水条件、土层刚度和土层厚度等,入射波、反射波和散射波相互干涉,极大延长了位移的振动持续时间. 相似文献
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提出了一种新的以层状半空间中周期分布斜线荷载动力格林函数为基本解的间接边界元方法,研究了周期分布凸起地形对平面SH波的散射问题.方法将散射波场分解为凸起内部散射波场和凸起外部散射波场.凸起内部散射波场通过在凸起闭合边界上施加虚拟斜线荷载产生的动力响应来模拟,而凸起外部散射波场则通过在凸起与半空间交界面上施加虚拟周期分布斜线荷载产生的动力响应来模拟.周期分布斜线荷载动力格林函数的引入,使得本文方法仅需针对一个凸起进行边界单元的离散和求解,便可完成问题的求解,避免了通过截断无限边界求解而引入的误差,方法具有较高精度的同时显著降低了求解自由度.文中通过与已有结果的比较,验证了方法的正确性,并以均匀半空间和基岩上单一土层中周期分布凸起为例进行了数值计算分析.研究表明,凸起间距对凸起地形间的动力相互作用有着显著的影响,同时层状半空间中周期分布凸起地形对SH波的散射与均匀半空间情况也有着显著的差别. 相似文献
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沉积风化作用下土体表现出明显的成层特性和横观各向同性(TI)特性。将更为符合实际的TI介质模型引入到局部地形对地震波的散射问题研究有着重要的理论意义和工程实用价值。本文在TI土层平面外动力刚度矩阵的基础上,推导了斜线均布荷载动力格林函数,进而以该格林函数为基本解建立间接边界元方法研究了TI层状半空间中凹陷地形对平面SH波的散射问题。文中验证了方法的正确性,并分别在频域和时域内进行了数值计算分析。研究表明,TI介质中凹陷地形对SH波的散射与各向同性介质情况存在较大差异,凹陷附近地表位移幅值依赖于SH波的入射角度、入射频率和竖向与水平剪切模量比值;另外土体竖向与水平剪切模量比值对基岩上单一土层场地动力特性有着显著影响,进而使得TI层状场地凹陷附近位移幅值与各向同性情况差异变得更为复杂。 相似文献
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基于饱和两相介质弹性波动方程分析SV波在饱和土体自由表面的反射问题,引入波动方程的势函数解答,求解出二维问题中SV波入射情况下饱和土体自由场的位移、速度、加速度和应力响应。在饱和土体自由场响应解析解基础上,建立SV波入射下饱和土体自由场静、动力有限元模型。建模中考虑了如下几方面因素:(1)在不同分析步,对土体单元赋予不同材料本构。通过*model change命令进行单元生死设定,从而实现在初始应力场平衡的静力状态下采用DuncanChang本构模型,而地震波动输入时采用Davidenkov动力本构模型;(2)采用多孔介质黏弹性人工边界条件,在人工边界上分别施加固相和液相介质的弹簧和阻尼来模拟饱和土体中能量的传播;(3)将地震波转化为作用在人工边界上的等效地震荷载,施加到人工边界节点上;(4)土体单元采用4结点平面应变孔压单元(CPE4P)。有限元计算与解析解比较结果表明:SV波在垂直入射和掠入射时,竖向位移响应为零;在45°左右入射时,水平位移响应最大;60°左右入射时,竖向位移响应最大。这些结论与解析解吻合较好,本文模型为建立土-结构动力相互作用模型打下良好的基础。 相似文献
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平面SV波在层状半空间中沉积谷地周围的散射 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用间接边界元方法求解了入射平面SV波在层状半空间中沉积谷地周围的散射问题.问题的解答包含自由场和散射场两部分.自由场可由直接刚度法求得,散射场由层状半空间中斜线荷载动力格林函数来模拟.文中以入射平面SV波在基岩上单一土层中沉积谷地周围散射为例研究了土层和沉积谷地周围的影响.结果表明,由于考虑了土层的动力特性,平面SV... 相似文献
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研究波在层状饱和场地中的传播,在理论和实际工程中均有十分重要的意义.采用Biot基本模型,利用层状饱和土的精确动力刚度矩阵,给出了层状饱和场地中分布荷载作用于与水平向有夹角的倾斜直线时的动力Green函数,解决了利用间接边界元法计算层状饱和场地中任意凹陷地形对地震波散射以及土一结构相互作用中的关键问题. 相似文献
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三维层状场地中斜面均布荷载动力格林函数 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
在作者三维层状场地精确动力刚度矩阵基础上，给出了三维层状场地内部斜面均布荷载动力格林函数。本文格林函数包含了场地的所有基本力学特性，可用于三维层状局部场地中波的散射及土-结构相互作用等问题的求解。文中对所得结果进行了精度检验，同时给出了一些数值结果，包括均匀半空间和基岩上单一土层中竖面或斜面荷载作用下的位移和应力格林函数。 相似文献
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Jianwen Liang Hongbing You Vincent W. Lee 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2006,26(6-7):611-625
The scattering of SV waves by a canyon in a fluid-saturated, poroelastic layered half-space is modeled using the indirect boundary element method in the frequency domain. The free-field responses are calculated to determine the displacements and stresses at the surface of the canyon, and fictitious distributed loads are then applied at the surface of the canyon in the free field to calculate the Green's functions for displacements and stresses. The amplitudes of the fictitious distributed loads are determined from the boundary conditions, and the displacements arising from the waves in the free field and from the fictitious distributed loads are summed to obtain the solution. The effects of fluid saturation, boundary conditions, porosity, and soil layers on the surface displacement amplitudes and phase shifts are discussed, and some useful conclusions are obtained. It is shown that the surface displacement amplitudes due to saturation and boundary conditions, different porosities, or the presence of a soil layer can be very dissimilar, and large phase shifts can be observed. The resulting wavelengths for an undrained saturated poroelastic medium are slightly longer than those for a drained saturated poroelastic medium; and are longer for a drained saturated poroelastic medium than those for a dry poroelastic medium. As porosity increases, the wavelengths become longer; and a layered half-space produces longer wavelengths than a homogeneous half-space. 相似文献
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Diffraction of plane SV waves by a shallow circular-arc canyon in a saturated poroelastic half-space 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
Jianwen Liang Zhenning Ba Vincent W. Lee 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2006,26(6-7):582-610
An analytical solution for the scattering and diffraction of incident plane SV waves by a shallow circular-arc canyon in a saturated poroelastic half-space is derived by the wave function expansion method. The solution is utilized to analyze the dependence of the computed surface motions on the incident frequencies, incident angles, porosity, boundary drainage and Poisson's ratio. It is shown that, depending on the incident angles, the surface displacement amplitudes around a canyon in a dry poroelastic half-space and saturated poroelastic half-space can be very different. The surface displacement amplitudes of an undrained saturated poroelastic half-space are close to those of a drained saturated poroelastic half-space. For low porosity, the surface displacement amplitudes of a saturated poroelastic half-space are almost identical to those of a dry poroelastic half-space, and drainage condition has little influence on the surface displacement amplitudes. But for high porosity, the effect of drainage condition becomes significant, and for the same porosity, the displacement amplitudes of an undrained saturated half-space will be larger than those of a drained saturated half-space. Poisson's ratio is also an important factor affecting the surface displacement amplitudes around the canyon, both in drained and undrained conditions, but leads to larger effects for an undrained saturated half-space than for a drained saturated half-space. Large pore pressures are found around the canyon and their amplitudes depend on the incident angles and frequencies. Below the surface, the amplitudes of pore pressures are less than they are at the surface, especially for high frequencies. 相似文献
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列车引起场地振动的建模需要能够表达地层的动力格林函数.本文兼顾饱和土的流固两相耦合性、场地土的分层性和波动的三维传播性,构建了半解析的场地动力格林函数.首先,基于Biot方程,在傅里叶变换域求解固体骨架和流体的位移和应力.然后采用传递矩阵方法建立地表位移和应力间的关系,得到格林函数矩阵.进而讨论矩阵的一些固有特征,提出改善竖向位移计算效率的措施.最后利用推导的格林函数计算了几个典型算例.数值结果与文献中其他方法得到的结果十分接近,与场地振动的现场观测试验基本符合.软土场地振动的计算结果高于饱和砂土场地,高速列车场地振动强度高于低速列车.当车速接近场地瑞利波速,模拟结果中显示出马赫锥.数值结果还显示,即使车速略低于瑞利波速,马赫锥也可能出现.本文推导的格林函数将有助于深入理解列车等移动激励作用下层状饱和土场地的振动特征. 相似文献
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This paper investigates in detail the nature of diffraction of plane P waves around a canyon in poroelastic half-space, and studies the effects of incident frequency, drainage condition, porosity, etc, on the diffraction of waves. It is shown that the surface displacement amplitudes of the drained case are close to those of the undrained case, however, the surface displacement amplitudes of the dry case are very different from those of the saturated (either drained or undrained) cases. There are large phase... 相似文献
15.
阶跃SH波作用下半圆形凹陷地形的瞬态反应—长期解 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文利用Ｌａｐｌａｃｅ变换和波函数展开方法讨论了在阶跃的ＳＨ位移波作用下半圆形凹陷地形的瞬态反应问题。经Ｌａｐｌａｃｅ反演后，求出了阶跃ＳＨ波通过凹陷地形后散射位移场的长期解。最后给出了在不同时刻凹陷地形表面上各点的位移反应。 相似文献
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The dynamic response of a saturated layered soil deposit was modeled on the Princeton University geotechnical centrifuge using various centrifugal acceleration levels. The layered soil deposit consists of a saturated Nevada sand layer overlaid by a silt layer of low permeability. Measured acceleration and pore-water pressure time histories are used to validate the scaling laws used in interpreting dynamic centrifugal modeling test results. Careful measurements of the settlements at the silt surface are performed using a non-contact displacement transducer, and comparisons are made with measurements obtained with a standard linear voltage displacement transducer. Finally, the experimental results are used to verify the validity of the numerical procedures encompassed in the computer code DYNAFLOW. 相似文献
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Scattering of SH waves by a scalene triangular hill 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
<正>The influence of local landforms on ground motion is an important problem.The antiplane response of a scalene triangular hill to incident SH waves is studied in this paper by using a complex function,moving coordinates and auxiliary functions.First,the model is divided into two domains:a scalene triangular hill with a semi-circular bottom;and a half space with a semi-circular canyon.Wave functions that satisfy the zero-stress condition at the triangular wedges and at the horizontal surface are constructed in both domains.Then,considering the displacement continuity and stress equilibrium, algebraic equations are established.Finally,numerical examples are provided to illustrate the influence of the geometry of the hill and the characteristics of the incident waves on the ground motions. 相似文献
19.
Green''''s functions for uniformly distributed loads acting on an inclined line in a poroelastic layered site 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
Based on one type of practical Biot's equation and the dynamic-stiffness matrices of a poroelastic soil layer and half-space, Green's functions were derived for uniformly distributed loads acting on an inclined line in a poroelastic layered site. This analysis overcomes significant problems in wave scattering due to local soil conditions and dynamic soil-structure interaction. The Green's functions can be reduced to the case of an elastic layered site developed by Wolf in 1985. Parametric studies are then carried out through two example problems. 相似文献
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基于数值模拟方法系统研究脉冲与正弦SH波及P波垂直入射半圆弧凹陷场地时的地表位移响应，并与相应解析解进行了对比分析。P波入射时，半圆弧凹陷场地由于P波与反射SV波的干涉产生Rayleigh波，会对场地自由表面的稳态位移响应幅值产生较大影响。凹陷内部的归一化Z向位移幅值相比没有考虑Rayleigh波生成时有较大的不同，其在凹陷边缘处没有什么变化，而在凹陷向两侧延伸的方向，会有压缩作用；归一化X向位移幅值在凹陷内部无太大变化，在凹陷向两侧延伸的方向，会有波动状的归一化X向位移幅值。 相似文献