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“十五”期间中国地震观测系统得到了迅速的发展, 中国地震局地球物理研究所于2007年底完成“中国数字地震观测网络”项目“国家数字测震台网数据备份中心”技术系统的建设.该数据备份中心可以准实时地接收并存储全国1000多个固定地震台站的信号,具备海量数据校验、数据格式转换、以用户定制方式截取地震事件波形数据和数据网络下载的功能.到目前为止,已累计为国内10多个科研单位开展的70多项研究提供了近70TB海量波形数据的服务,特别在快速开展的汶川特大地震震后相关研究中提供了重要的数据支撑和保障作用.本文介绍了“国家数字测震台网数据备份中心”技术系统建设、汶川特大地震数据服务快速响应、大地震快速响应波形数据自动截取系统建设,以及对地震学及相关科学研究的数据支持情况. 相似文献
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基于中国地震台网中心2013 MS7.0芦山地震余震数据我们首先确定了余震空间分布范围并根据G-R关系计算了主震后半小时内的完备震级Mc=3.5,并且得到了ML≥3.5和ML≥3.0的地震在2001年至芦山地震前的背景场地震发生率.通过Omori-Ustu经验定律和两种Dieterich模型对芦山地震余震发生率的拟合,我们发现阶梯型Dieterich模型只能模拟p=1的情况,从而造成了模拟曲线与观测数据的差别;前人研究表明震后滑移同样是产生余震的原因,如果假设余震序列由主震静态剪应力Δτ和震后滑移共同作用所产生,我们数值模拟得到的对数型Dieterich模型能够较好地推断余震发生率R随时间t增加而衰减的趋势,能够从物理机制上解释MS7.0芦山地震余震序列衰减指数大于1这一现象.通过对数型Dieterich模型的拟合并结合Andrews的方法,我们还得到MS7.0芦山地震Aσ约为0.155 MPa,ta约为8.4年,这一值与前人研究结果十分接近. 相似文献
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引言
2012年6月15、24、30日,中国大陆西部新疆维吾尔自治区巴音郭楞蒙古自治州轮台县、云南省丽江市宁蒗彝族自治县和四川省凉山彝族自治州盐源县交界、新疆维吾尔自治区伊犁哈萨克自治州新源县和巴音郭楞蒙古自治州和静县交界,分别发生了Ms5.4、Ms5.7、Ms6.6中强地震.地震发生后,我们采用CAP方法[1-5],使用中国地震局地球物理研究所数据备份中心提供的区域台网3分量地震波形数据,快速反演了这三次地震的震源机制解. 相似文献
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《地球物理学进展》2020,(2)
2017年四川省九寨沟县M 7.0级地震发生后,截止到8月24日共16天内时间内地震台网中心记录到5994个九寨沟地震余震事件,为完备该地震的余震目录,本文利用模板匹配方法对本次地震进行了遗漏地震检测研究,选取震中附近台站记录波形为计算数据,重新检测主震后16天时间内的遗漏地震事件,共得到台网目录外地震目录1053个,与台网给出目录相比增加了0.18倍.为比较本次地震检测前后的最小完整性震级以及活动性b值,利用包络差峰值振幅对检测地震的震级进行了估算,根据检测后的余震目录得到九寨沟地震余震序列的最小完整性震级为M_L 0.9,地震活动性b值为0.80左右,较原目录的M_L 1.2和0.85均有降低. 相似文献
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New Zealand Earthquake Forecast Testing Centre 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The New Zealand Earthquake Forecast Testing Centre is being established as one of several similar regional testing centres under the umbrella of the Collaboratory for the Study of Earthquake Predictability (CSEP). The Centre aims to encourage the development of testable models of time-varying earthquake occurrence in the New Zealand region, and to conduct verifiable prospective tests of their performance over a period of five or more years. The test region, data-collection region and requirements for testing are described herein. Models must specify in advance the expected number of earthquakes with epicentral depths h ≤ 40 km in bins of time, magnitude and location within the test region. Short-term models will be tested using 24-h time bins at magnitude M ≥ 4. Intermediate-term models and long-term models will be tested at M ≥ 5 using 3-month, 6-month and 5-year bins, respectively. The tests applied will be the same as at other CSEP testing centres: the so-called N test of the total number of earthquakes expected over the test period; the L test of the likelihood of the earthquake catalogue under the model; and the R test of the ratio of the likelihoods under alternative models. Four long-term, three intermediate-term and two short-term models have been installed to date in the testing centre, with tests of these models commencing on the New Zealand earthquake catalogue from the beginning of 2008. Submission of models is open to researchers worldwide. New models can be submitted at any time. The New Zealand testing centre makes extensive use of software produced by the CSEP testing centre in California. It is envisaged that, in time, the scope of the testing centre will be expanded to include new testing methods and differently-specified models, nonetheless that the New Zealand testing centre will develop in parallel with other regional testing centres through the CSEP international collaborative process. 相似文献
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历史地震资料与地震的中长期预测 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
故障诊断模型的基本内容是根据动态系统的外部特征来判断系统内部是否发生故障及确定故障发生的部位、时间和大小。由于故障诊断技术在监测及诊断故障的思路上和地震预报有很多相似之处，因此，把故障诊断技术应用于地震预报是可行的。由于该模型与其他数学模型一样，需要有较多的学习过程，所以历史地震资料在该模型中有重要作用。而其中的鲁棒性故障诊断模型在抑制各子模型的个性，凸现其共性方面有其特有的性质，所以把它作为一种综合模型，能抑制各子模型的个性，突出在地震预测方面的共性，从而提高预测的精确性。本文根据一个实例，说明了这种综合性模型的可行性。在文章的最后，由信息量的分析，说明了模型的鲁棒性特征。 相似文献
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2000年4月20日，乌兹别克斯坦卡什卡达林斯克区的岳尔捷帕发生了M＝5．4级强烈地震，对这次地震前后（1999年10月31日－2000年4月22日）的地震序列进行了初步分析，并结合震区附近的《舒尔奇》和《朱玛巴扎尔》等综合预报台地下水观测参数（流量，湿度，Eh值，pH值等）的变化和震源机制解，分析了应力场的变化和迁移特征，最后认为k≤12的地震可以引起应力场的变化，这种变化可通过综合观测台来跟踪研究，观测点彼此间距不应超过100－150km，每个观测点必须选配自己的一组最有信息量的观测方法。 相似文献
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大数据技术为处理海量地震观测数据提供了一种新的数据存储与计算模式。为了解决现有基于关系数据库存储方案的读写速度低、用户并发度低和可扩展性差等问题,以地震前兆观测数据为例,在详细分析业务需求的基础上,提出了基于HBase和Open TSDB的地震大数据存储方案,搭建了大数据测试平台,完成了不同存储方案下查询、插入性能实验和并发性实验。实验结果表明,与关系数据库存储方案相比,基于HBase和Open TSDB的存储方案具有很好的可扩展性和并发性,经过优化后的HBase存储方案具有更高的读取和存储性能。 相似文献
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Perspectives of Cross-Correlation in Seismic Monitoring at the International Data Centre 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
We demonstrate that several techniques based on waveform cross-correlation are able to significantly reduce the detection threshold of seismic sources worldwide and to improve the reliability of arrivals by a more accurate estimation of their defining parameters. A master event and the events it can find using waveform cross-correlation at array stations of the International Monitoring System (IMS) have to be close. For the purposes of the International Data Centre (IDC), one can use the spatial closeness of the master and slave events in order to construct a new automatic processing pipeline: all qualified arrivals detected using cross-correlation are associated with events matching the current IDC event definition criteria (EDC) in a local association procedure. Considering the repeating character of global seismicity, more than 90 % of events in the reviewed event bulletin (REB) can be built in this automatic processing. Due to the reduced detection threshold, waveform cross-correlation may increase the number of valid REB events by a factor of 1.5–2.0. Therefore, the new pipeline may produce a more comprehensive bulletin than the current pipeline—the goal of seismic monitoring. The analysts’ experience with the cross correlation event list (XSEL) shows that the workload of interactive processing might be reduced by a factor of two or even more. Since cross-correlation produces a comprehensive list of detections for a given master event, no additional arrivals from primary stations are expected to be associated with the XSEL events. The number of false alarms, relative to the number of events rejected from the standard event list 3 (SEL3) in the current interactive processing—can also be reduced by the use of several powerful filters. The principal filter is the difference between the arrival times of the master and newly built events at three or more primary stations, which should lie in a narrow range of a few seconds. In this study, one event at a distance of about 2,000 km from the main shock was formed by three stations, with the stations and both events on the same great circle. Such spurious events are rejected by checking consistency between detections at stations at different back azimuths from the source region. Two additional effective pre-filters are f–k analysis and F prob based on correlation traces instead of original waveforms. Overall, waveform cross-correlation is able to improve the REB completeness, to reduce the workload related to IDC interactive analysis, and to provide a precise tool for quality check for both arrivals and events. Some major improvements in automatic and interactive processing achieved by cross-correlation are illustrated using an aftershock sequence from a large continental earthquake. Exploring this sequence, we describe schematically the next steps for the development of a processing pipeline parallel to the existing IDC one in order to improve the quality of the REB together with the reduction of the magnitude threshold. 相似文献
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对于GPS动态定位模式, 高频(≥1 Hz)GPS数据需要30 s或者更高采样率的卫星钟差, 而满足需要的IGS星历产品至少要延迟12～18 d才能获得。 显然, 常规的GPS数据处理方法无法满足地震应急的需要。 本文提出一种针对地震应急高频GPS数据处理方法, 利用陆态网络GPS高频数据解算获得中国大陆区域高精度卫星钟差, 进而解算获得测站地表瞬时形变位移, 突破常规处理方法的限制, 可在地震发生后仅数小时获得快速、 准确、 可靠的结果。 这种方法在2013年芦山MS7.0级地震得到了实际应用。 相似文献
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— Simulation of the complete earthquake generation process requires assimilation of observational data on long-term behavior of faults over multiple rupture cycles. Paleoseismology, the study of pre-instrumental earthquakes from geological field investigations, provides the only observations of long-term fault behavior. Paleoseismic data present challenges for assimilation into models because data sets are small, sparse, analog, and contain qualitative uncertainties. Observations can be categorized as primary measurements from field data, or non-primary extrapolations or interpretations of primary data. Assimilation of non-primary data could yield biased simulation results. We present a primary data set for the San Andreas and Imperial faults for comparison with non-primary data in existing databases, and propose standard formats and structure for paleoseismic data assimilation into numerical simulation models . 相似文献