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阵列感应测井分辨率匹配方法及应用 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
测井曲线高分辨率处理对薄层测井评价意义重大。俄罗斯感应测井（HIL）仪器已经在中国应用,存在的主要问题之一是4种探测深度曲线分辨率不匹配。本文基于感应测井的信息补偿原理,在分析HIL仪器探测特性的基础上,研究了针对该仪器的分辨率匹配方法和处理技术,处理了假设模型资料和实际资料,初步验证了方法的正确性和处理实际资料的可行性。 相似文献
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在简要介绍城市浅层地震勘探干扰波特点的基础上 ,结合福州市活断层探测的浅层地震试验探测资料 ,阐述了抗干扰高分辨率浅层地震勘探的技术装备、地震数据采集的技术方法以及在强干扰背景条件下围绕抗干扰和提高地震资料信噪比与分辨率而采取的技术措施。试验结果表明 :采用可控震源和与其相匹配的地震仪器以及小道间距、小偏移距、多通道和高频检波器接收的工作方法 ,是实现抗干扰高分辨率浅层地震数据采集的有效途径 相似文献
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2006年6月在武汉召开了第二届环境与工程地球物理国际会议.会议围绕近年来兴起的近地表探测问题展开，涉及方法原理、仪器采集、资料处理等各个环节，反映出国内外环境与工程探测领域的若干前沿热点和发展动态.结合本次会议，可以看出该学科主要趋势为：应用领域不断扩宽，方法技术灵活多样，重视基础理论研究，开发新型（特种）仪器，通过高精度测量、延时测量、先进的数据处理技术和信息技术等手段改善探测质量.我国对环境与工程地球物理有很大的需要，应根据我国实际情况，吸收国外先进经验，积极开展自主创新. 相似文献
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高密度电阻率法在水库堤坝隐患探测中的应用效果分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
介绍了高密度电阻率法的原理、野外采集数据的方法以及资料解释等基本理论。通过对某水库大坝探测成果的分析，说明了高密度电阻率法在堤坝隐患探测中的可行性和有效性；提出用高密度电阻率法探测构造地裂缝的设想。 相似文献
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本文利用矢量有限元法模拟了一种新型的随钻双感应测井仪器在三维非均匀地层中的响应,分析了井眼、泥浆、侵入带、围岩和仪器偏心对仪器信号的影响,并对仪器刻度时的最佳刻度环参数和刻度系数进行了研究。研究表明:这种新型的随钻双感应测井仪器探测深度优于现有随钻电磁波测井仪器,并具有一定的方位探测能力。深感应和中感应具有不同的最佳刻度环参数和刻度系数,通过刻度和标定响应信号均可达到与地层电导率一致的线性关系。由于探测深度和分辨率不同,深感应和中感应受井眼等地层模型参数和仪器偏心的影响程度不一样,校正系数也不相同。文中结果对随钻双感应测井仪器的研发和资料的应用具有参考意义。 相似文献
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地下管线是城市基础设施的重要组成部分,是保障城市运行和发展的"生命线".但由于建设规模不够、资料保存缺失、日常管理不足等原因,对于地下管线的精准探测变得愈加困难.为此,本文对国内外关于地下管线探测的文献进行了系统调研,详细梳理了常见地下管线的分类、材质、规格以及敷设方式,分析了不同管线的地球物理特征,并重点介绍了当前应用于管线探测的主流地球物理方法(如电磁感应法、探地雷达法等)和非地球物理方法(如惯性陀螺仪定位法、声学探测法等)的应用原理、发展概况、探测优势与应用局限.总结得知,无论是单一探测法,还是综合探测法,都取得了不错的应用效果.其中,利用电磁感应法探测金属管线优势明显、效果显著,包括追踪小口径电力、通讯电缆都能保证较高的精度.而探地雷达则是当前探测非金属管线的首选工具.两种方法互为补充,是地下管线探测应用最普遍的技术,但其抗干扰能力和仪器的探测精度仍有待进一步提高.同时惯性陀螺仪定位法、声学探测法等非地球物理方法也在近些年逐渐得到应用和推广,对主流的地球物理方法做了很好的补充.随着科技不断发展,地下管线探测技术与3S、信息网络、数字测绘等技术联合应用,建立健全集成统一的地下管线信息系统将是未来发展的必然趋势. 相似文献
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Fang Shengming 《中国地震研究》2007,21(3):236-244
This paper introduces briefly the basic principles of various seismic prospecting techniques and working methods according to nationwide practices of seismic prospecting of active faults beneath big cities in recent years.Furthermore,it analyzes the application range of different seismic prospecting methods,main achievements and solved problems,and discusses the best combination of seismic exploration methods for detecting crustal structures and locating the faults used in the present stage,that is,to trace faults which are at depths of hundred of meters underground using shallow seismic investigation,to detect the faults which are above basement(at a depth of kilometers) using high resolution refraction sounding,and the deep crustal faults using combined seismic prospecting methods of reflection seismic sounding and wide-angle reflection/refraction sounding,and furthermore,to use the 3-D deep seismic sounding method to obtain 3-D velocity structures beneath urban areas.Thus,we can get information about fault attitude and distribution at different depths and a complete image of faults from their shallow part to deep part using the combined seismic exploration method.Some application examples are presented in the article. 相似文献
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Induced polarization (IP) 3D tomography with the similar central gradient array combines IP sounding and IP profiling to retrieve 3D resistivity and polarization data rapidly. The method is characterized by high spatial resolution and large probing depth. We discuss data acquisition and 3D IP imaging procedures using the central gradient array with variable electrode distances. A 3D geoelectric model was constructed and then numerically modeled. The data modeling results suggest that this method can capture the features of real geoelectric models. The method was applied to a polymetallic mine in Gansu Province. The results suggest that IP 3D tomography captures the distribution of resistivity and polarization of subsurface media, delineating the extension of abrupt interfaces, and identifies mineralization. 相似文献
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CS3301在长周期大地电磁测深仪中的应用研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
大地电磁测深是研究地壳和上地幔构造的一种重要的地球物理探测方法,当前国家正在实施深部探测专项SinoProbe等项目,故需要借助于长周期大地电磁测深仪器.我国没有自己生产的长周期大地电磁测深仪器,只能依靠从乌克兰进口的LEMI-417进行深部探测.在LEMI-417使用中,我们从该仪器提供的数据文件Final.asc中发现它的电场信号测量分辨率为0.01 mV/km,磁场信号测量分辨率为0.01 nT,相对较低,此外,该仪器在无GPS信号时会出现记录紊乱等现象,故需要设计适合课题组需要的长周期大地电磁测深仪器.由于大地电磁测深仪器需要采集的电场、磁场信号为微弱信号,容易淹没于噪声之中,故选用了低噪声、极小总谐波失真率的CS3301作为运算放大器.CS3301提供了4种可选择的信号输入模式和7种可选增益,经分析与测试,测量电场信号时,CS3301设置为输入模式1及×64增益,当极距100 M时,测量精度可达0.001 mV/km,高于LEMI-417的0.01 mV/km;测量磁场信号时,将反馈理论用于测量电路,CS3301设置为输入模式3及×64增益,只对信号的可变部分进行放大,精度可达0.006 nT,高于LEMI-417的0.01 nT.该系统在华南的9005、1005等多个测点以及东北的1600、5105等多个测点进行了测试,并与LEMI-417进行了对比试验,测量结果表明它们的时间序列曲线比较一致,数据处理后,在同一测点得到的大地电磁测深曲线也较一致,说明设计的仪器达到了预期目标. 相似文献
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以ASTM标准规范为基础对探地雷达（Ground Penetrating Radar 以下简称GPR）的地下探测方法的应用做了比较系统的概述，主要内容包括：部分专业术语的解释；测试过程中雷达探测深度及其中心频率、垂直分辨率、水平分辨率等的关系，测试过程中常见的天线移动方式，以及雷达波速的预测几种方法，数据显示方式；雷达数据解释和数据处理的一般过程及方法.目前我国尚没有关于GPR的国家规范或行业标准，文章对GPR的使用及规范的编制具有一定的参考意义. 相似文献
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电磁辐射"EMOLS"仪观测结果原理及震例 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
“九五”期间研制的“EMAOS”电磁辐射仪,其接收原理是按大地电磁测深的原理改进而研制的。选择接收频段为0．01～10Hz,该频段探测深度在0～20km,是浅源地震发生的层位。记录的电磁扰动是在应力场作用下,动电效应产生的电磁场。电场和磁场同时记录增强了信息可信度的判断能力,记录震例表明,异常规律与已有模拟结果基本相同。因此,已总结的模拟记录预报指标等可在数字记录结果中使用。 相似文献
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The technique of linear digital filtering developed for the computation of standard curves for conventional resistivity and electromagnetic depth soundings is applied to the determination of filter coefficients for the computation of dipole curves from the resistivity transform function by convolution. In designing the filter function from which the coefficients are derived, a sampling interval shorter than the one used in the earlier work on resistivity sounding is found to be necessary. The performance of the filter sets is tested and found to be highly accurate. The method is also simple and very fast in application. 相似文献
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M. PODDAR 《Geophysical Prospecting》1982,30(1):101-114
Using the concept of reciprocity and the known solution for the electric field of a vertical oscillating magnetic dipole source placed over a two-layered halfspace, an integral expression for the vertical magnetic field produced by a horizontal rectangular loop, carrying an oscillating current and placed on the surface of the same halfspace, is deduced. This expression is such that it can be evaluated by a combination of straightforward numerical integration and digital linear filter techniques. Displacement currents everywhere in space are neglected. Fields both inside and outside the loop are presented as sounding curves. A little over a decade of frequencies (100–3000 Hz) appears to be the minimum requirement and two decades (100–10000 Hz) are sufficient for most situations. Parametric and geometric sounding curves both show good resolution of subsurface layering. Phase shows better resolution than amplitude. Similarly, resolution is higher when conductivity increases with depth than when it decreases. Besides being useful for the electromagnetic depth sounding for layered earth structures, such computations can be applied to determine normal corrections to Turam observations, whenever a rectangular loop of finite size is used as a transmitter. 相似文献
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David Beamish 《Journal of Applied Geophysics》1994,32(4)
Very low frequency electromagnetic (EM) methods using VLF transmitters have found many applications in subsurface geophysical investigations. Surface measurements involving both the vertical component of the magnetic field (VLF-EM or VLF-Z) and of the apparent resistivity (VLF-R) are increasingly common. Although extensive VLF data sets have been successfully used for mapping purposes, modelling and interpretation techniques which asess the third (i.e. depth) dimension appear limited.Given a profile of VLF-R measurements the main purpose of the present study is to demonstrate an automatic method for the construction of a resistivity cross-section. The technique used is one of a new generation of regularised inversion methods. These techniques attempt to overcome the problem of equivalence/non-uniqueness in EM sounding data by constructing the resistivity distribution with the minimum amount of structure that fits the data.VLF data represent a special case of plane-wave EM sounding in that they conform, in practice, to a single-frequency technique. This fact imposes a limitation in the amount of vertical resolution that we can expect using such data. In the case of two-dimensional modelling and inversion, resolution through the cross-section is a resultant attribute from both vertical and lateral resistivity gradients within the subsurface. In order to provide insight into the practical application of regularised inversion techniques to VLF data, both synthetic and field examples are considered. Both sets of examples are primarily concerned with VLF data applied to near-surface fault mapping where the main aim is to assess the location, dip and depth extent of conductive subsurface features. 相似文献