共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 344 毫秒
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罗布泊地区位于中国新疆塔里木盆地的最东端,是古代中国与中亚诸国之间东西交往、青藏高原与蒙古高原之间南北来往的重要节点和枢纽.以往该地区人类活动的研究主要集中在青铜时期(小河-古墓沟)和汉晋时期(楼兰),而对于罗布泊地区石器时代人类活动却少有报道.文章针对野外考察新发现的一处埋藏石制品,通过对剖面沉积环境、年代学和石制品功能分析,获得了该地区早期人类活动的直接证据.沉积剖面粒度指标指示当时这里为水动力弱的湖心环境,表明该标本为原地埋藏、未经二次搬运,推测是当时古人在湖区活动的遗落物.根据石制品地层关系和沉积地层AMS~(14)C年代学结果以及石制品表面淀粉粒提取和微痕观测的结果,可以确认在晚更新世末期(约13cal ka BP)罗布泊地区存在古人采集小麦族(Tribe Triticeae)植物和根茎类植物等作为植物性食物并利用石制品进行简单加工的行为.晚更新世末期罗布泊西岸入湖三角洲地区环境条件适宜,可能已是一处人类活动较频繁的绿洲湿地区. 相似文献
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根据SAR信号对干燥地表的穿透性能,在对罗布泊湖盆区域复杂散射机制深入分析的基础上,结合野外考察和实验室测量的数据,利用双层散射结构模型对湖盆区域的微波散射特性进行描述,并对次地表稳定沉积物的体散射分量进行模拟.为了对模型进行验证,本文利用Cloude极化分解方法将ALOS PALSAR数据进行散射机制的分解,并以体散射贡献量作为标准数据,与模型模拟的结果进行对比,得到的水平和垂直极化方式的均方根误差分别为1.62%和1.68%,证明了模型的可用性和有效性.同时,对模型的相关参数进行扩展分析,结果表明,次地表稳定沉积物是罗布泊古湖盆演化结果的直接反映,沉积物的含盐量是罗布泊"大耳朵"特征形成的根本原因. 相似文献
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近百年来新疆博斯腾湖初级生产力的变化 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
本研究选择新疆博斯腾湖不同区域进行沉积岩芯采集.在210Pb、137Cs定年的基础上,利用漫反射光谱分析了湖泊沉积物中叶绿素a的含量,结合沉积速率、烧失量以及开都河的径流量记录等,探讨近百年来湖泊初级生产力的变化.结果表明:开都河的径流量变化对博斯腾湖沉积速率与生产力演化有一定影响,而人类活动干扰则是影响湖泊初级生产力演化的主要原因.1950s开始的新疆第一次大规模开垦活动导致了湖泊的沉积速率及初级生产力开始上升.沉积物的沉积速率以及叶绿素a的沉积通量在1970年左右出现最高值后下降,这与新疆的第二次大规模垦荒有关,同时,周边地区盐碱地除盐方式的改变对湖泊的生态环境变化也有很大影响.从1980s至今,由于流域内人类活动干扰增强,沉积物中的叶绿素a浓度逐渐增加,湖泊初级生产力呈上升的趋势. 相似文献
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历史上,罗布泊曾是我国古代著名的“丝绸之路”的必经之途。那时来往商旅、游客穿行这个险恶地区,经常因饥渴而死．所以被称为“死亡之地”。我国唐朝著名的大旅行家玄奘法师去印度取经,也曾走过这段路程。玄奘到瓜州以后,听到罗布泊的可怕传说,跟随他的几个人半路而返。于是玄奘一人带着别人赠送的一匹老马,毅然走进罗布泊。在茫茫无际的大沙漠中,他苦熬了几天几夜．迷失了方向,在布满盐层的湖底转来转去,找不到出路。玄奘几乎绝望．幸亏那匹老马把他驮到一个有泉水的地方．才死里逃生。 相似文献
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鄂尔多斯盆地上三叠统延长组深湖沉积与油气聚集意义 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
鄂尔多斯延长组湖盆为一大型的敞流湖盆.其充填演化与构造发育史、古气候演化史具有明显的一致性,可以划分为4个演化阶段,即湖盆形成及扩张期、鼎盛期、回返期、萎缩消亡期.在此过程中,湖盆经过四次明显湖进与湖退变化,但深湖中心变化不大,一直沿华池—宜君一带波动.在整个晚三叠世盆地盛衰演化过程中,深湖沉积体系主要为深水型三角洲及浊积扇体系,前者在深湖扩展早期的三角洲快速推进时期的陡岸斜坡区比较发育,并随着三角洲的推进逐渐从深水型向浅水台地型转变.后者在各个时期都有出现,按其沉积特征可分为两种浊积扇:坡移浊积扇相带发育相对齐全,垂向上多期互相叠加,可划分为:斜坡-槽道-内扇亚相、浊积水道、浊积水道间、浊积水道前缘-中扇亚相、外扇亚相和盆地平原亚相.滑塌浊积扇多呈透镜状夹于深湖亚相的深灰色泥岩中,相带分异不明显,仅可分为中心相和边缘相.两类浊积扇主要分布在盆地的近源斜坡带及远源末梢斜坡带.深湖沉积控制了烃原岩及有利生储盖组合分配.坡移浊积扇沉积厚度大,分布广,储集物性好,是深湖区岩性油藏勘探的主要目标. 相似文献
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孟加拉湾和东经90°海岭260 ka以来的古海洋学记录与印度季风的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
通过相轮分析, 讨论了北印度洋孟加拉深海扇扇区和东经90°海岭岭区的沉积记录部分环境指标间可能存在的相互联系. 60 kaBP以来短周期的快速变化在扇区得到充分反映, 其中, 古生产力的变化与夏季季风的兴衰并非呈简单的线性关系. 与西北印度洋的替代性指标意义相反, 上升流种Globigerina bulloides 的相对富集在研究区不是印度夏季季风增强反是其减弱的信号的相对富集在研究区不是印度夏季季风增强反是其减弱的信号. 岭区记录在更长的时间范围内显示了与扇区记录基本对应的气候演化特征. 还初步讨论了发生于165 kaBP前后的重大海洋生态环境恶化事件, 认为其很可能亦是印度季风活动的产物. 相似文献
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Lop Nur is a playa lake occupying the lowest part of the Tarim Basin, northwestern China, and is now a desolate and barren region. In the past decades, the ages of the lacustrine sediments from the lake were determined mainly by radiocarbon dating on bulk sediment. In this study, both optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) and radiocarbon methods were used to date the sediments from a pit in the central part of the lake. The OSL ages obtained for ten samples range from 0.5 to 9.4 ka, and are in stratigraphic order except for one sample. The 14C ages obtained for twenty-two bulk sediment samples range from 5.8 to 30.2 cal ka BP with erratic distribution. Based on the comparison of 14C with OSL ages and their age-depth models, we argue that the OSL ages are relatively reliable. The disequilibria in the U decay chain for some samples are deduced from the comparison of the NAA and TSAC results. We suggest that the OSL dating technique should preferably be applied to the playa sediments from Lop Nur, but the disequilibria in the U decay chain should be considered in evaluating dose rates. Additionally, radiocarbon reservoir effects in lakes in western China are reviewed. 相似文献
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The Lop Nur Lake, a famous lake in the arid areas of China, is located in the communications center of the ancient Silk Road which facilitated the flow of culture between China and Western countries and enjoyed the great reputation in the ancient history of China. Since the recent 100 years, some Chinese and foreign scholars have explored and investigated here, they, however, could not get to the hinterland of the lake basin due to the hard and dangerous roads. Therefore, there are many divergences and controversies about the Lop Nur Lake region[1,2]. In order to clarify these issues, know the usable natural resources and sum up the historical experiences and lessons of dry-up of the Lop Nur Lake, a scientific investigation team was organized by Xinjiang Branch of the Chinese Academy of Sciences to carry out the investigation and research about the Lop Nur Lake region in the 1980s. Recently, some personnel from CCTV and other institutions went to the lower reaches of the Tarim River and the Lop Nur Lake region to undertake the research for coordinating the strategic decision of the Great Development of Western China and the synthetic harnessing of the Tarim River, and a series of achievements in scientific research have been achieved.
相似文献13.
The Lop Nur Lake, a famous lake in the arid areas of China, is located in the communi-cations center of the ancient Silk Road which facilitated the flow of culture between China andWestern countries and enjoyed the great reputation in the ancient history of China. Since the re-cent 100 years, some Chinese and foreign scholars have explored and investigated here, they,however, could not get to the hinterland of the lake basin due to the hard and dangerous roads.Therefore, there are many divergences and controversies about the Lop Nur Lake region[1'2]. Inorder to clarify these issues, know the usable natural resources and sum up the historical experi-ences and lessons of dry-up of the Lop Nur Lake, a scientific investigation team was organized byXinjiang Branch of the Chinese Academy of Sciences to carry out the investigation and researchabout the Lop Nur Lake region in the 1980s. Recently, some personnel from CCTV and other in-stitutions went to the lower reaches of the Tarim River and the Lop Nur Lake region to undertakethe research for coordinating the strategic decision of the Great Development of Western Chinaand the synthetic harnessing of the Tarim River, and a series of achievements in scientific researchhave been achieved. 相似文献
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Kangkang Li Xiaoguang Qin Xiaoyan Yang Bing Xu Lei Zhang Guijin Mu Dong Wei Chunxue Wang Yong Wu Xiaohong Tian Yongchong Lin Wen Li Jiaqi Liu Yinxin Jiao 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2018,61(11):1659-1668
The Lop Nur region, in the east part of Tarim Basin, was an important transportation junction between west and east, north and south Eurasia. However, previous studies on prehistoric human activity have concentrated mostly on the Bronze Age, whereas that during the Stone Age remains largely unresearched. Here, we present a new direct evidence of human activity in the late Pleistocene, recorded on a grinding stone buried in a lacustrine sediment section of the Lop Nur region. The grain size distribution of the sediment section indicates that the site was probably in the center of a lake with weak hydrodynamic environment. Therefore, the stone artifact can only be carried to here by people instead of river and it was never move as soon as left here. Results of radiocarbon dating, the evident stratigraphic relations between the stone artifact and the sedimentary formation, indicate that the human activity could extend to approximately 13 ka BP. Furthermore, the results of starch-grain and use-wear analyses suggest that ancient humans gathered seeds of Triticeae, roots, and tubers and used the grinding stone to simply process selected plant as plant foodstuffs during this period. It implies that the environmental conditions in the river delta of the Lop Nur were inhabitable during the late Pleistocene. 相似文献
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呼伦湖晚第四纪湖相地层沉积学及湖面波动历史 总被引：5，自引：3，他引：5
对内蒙古呼伦湖盆地扎赉诺尔地区晚第四纪湖泊沉积物进行了沉积学（沉积构造、结构、垂向层序等）和＾１４Ｃ年代地层学研究，并逐层识别出地层剖面的各种沉积相类型，包括开阔湖、近岸带、滨岸沙滩、滨岸沼泽和滨岸沙丘等不同类型沉积，依此恢复了３０ｋａＢ．Ｐ．以来的湖泊演化和湖面波动历史。其中１３￣１１ｋａＢ．Ｐ．是湖面最高时期；１０．９￣１０．６ｋａＢ．Ｐ．的低湖面可能与新仙女木事件有关。 相似文献
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通过对罗布泊古湖盆区域("大耳朵")湖相沉积物含水量与含盐量、介电性质、地表微地貌等理化参量的分析,本文提出了罗布泊古湖盆区域的散射过程与次地表散射结构;利用全极化测量技术(PolSAR, Polarimetric Synthetic Aperture Radar),本文对不同纹理区域进行了物理散射机制的定量化剖析,同极化相关分析与极化度推算结果表明整个"大耳朵"区域后向散射强烈,亮条带比暗条带的散射机制更为复杂,地表微地貌状态是造成"大耳朵"特征的表观原因.在此基础上,本文利用极化分解技术进一步分离不同散射机制分量,通过定量比较各部分贡献对于"大耳朵"特征的表征能力,提出次地表介质性质(如含盐量)是"大耳朵"特征的根本性成因,相关性可达0.784,同时分析了次地表高含水含盐湖相沉积物在SAR响应中的重要性及其与地表形态之间的动力学形成机制.最后,本文论证了合成孔径雷达(SAR, Synthetic Aperture Radar)在罗布泊地区的穿透能力,预示着SAR遥感技术在干旱区环境研究中的应用潜力. 相似文献
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AN Zhisheng WANG Ping SHEN Ji ZHANG Yixiang ZHANG Peizhen WANG Sumin LI Xiaoqiang SUN Qianli SONG Yougui AI Li ZHANG Yechun JIANG Shaoren LIU Xingqi WANG Yong 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2006,49(8):851-861
1 Introduction in China, with an area of 4400 km2 and a drainage area With the advancement of global change study, peo- of nearly 29,660 km2[2]. Occurring at a “climatic triple ple are paying more and more attention to the conti- junction” among the East Asian monsoon, Indian nental environment (in which we reside), its evolution Monsoon and the Westerly Jet Stream, it lies in the and its future tendency. As a component of the global transitional belt of the east monsoonal humid areas sys… 相似文献
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河西走廊花海古湖泊全新世白云石的发现及其环境意义 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1
通过对河西走廊花海古湖泊沉积物的X衍射分析发现,全新世期间有明显的白云石沉积.岩性、沉积过程、石膏以及Fe3+含量的变化表明,花海湖全新世白云石沉积环境以还原环境为主,即还原环境利于白云石的形成,为白云石的成因研究提供了新的证据.白云石作为碳酸盐矿物,可以反映湖水盐度,但并非直接指示了湖水的咸化.随着湖水盐度的进一步增加,在硫酸盐型湖泊中,白云石含量随盐度的增加而相应减少,表明利用白云石分析湖水盐度时需要结合其他矿物进行分析.结合石膏含量的变化,花海湖全新世时期白云石含量的变化可以揭示该区域湖水盐度的变化.在10.478.87 cal ka B.P.早全新世时期,湖水的盐度较高,气候由干向湿转变;8.87 cal ka B.P.时期,有大量石膏沉积,显示了湖水盐度的进一步升高,气候干旱;随后湖水相对淡化,气候湿润;5.50 cal ka B.P.至今,沉积出现间断,气候逐渐干旱. 相似文献
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Lakes in arid zone are sensitive to climatic changes. The lacustrine sediment sequence in Sogo Nur has well and truly recorded climatic events such as the Sui-Tang Dynasty Warm Period, the Song-Liao Dynasty Cold Period, the Medieval Warm Period, the Little Ice Age and the 20th Century Warm Period. Commonly, the climate in warm Periods was relatively humid,accordingly the lake area extended and water level rose, and vice versa. Apart from climatic change, human activity is also an important factor of influencing lake vicissitude, and they played the dominant role alternatively during different periods; the factor of climatic change predominated in historical period, while since the beginning of the 20th century the utilization of water resources by human has became decisive. 相似文献