共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 125 毫秒
1.
外源溶解性有机碳对抚仙湖甲壳类浮游动物碳源的贡献 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
外源溶解性有机碳(DOC)是湖泊碳库的重要组成部分,关于外源DOC对浮游动物的贡献及途径需要深入研究.本研究在抚仙湖受控实验中添加13C标记的葡萄糖,通过分析样品中浮游植物与浮游动物的种类、数量、磷脂脂肪酸生物标志物及其稳定同位素特征,研究外源DOC对湖泊甲壳类浮游动物碳源的贡献比例及其变化.结果表明:细菌、甲壳类浮游动物(象鼻溞)的δ~(13)C值在加入葡萄糖后分别从-16.28‰和-23.88‰快速增加到5408.25‰和1974.7‰,而藻类磷脂脂肪酸(C18∶2ω6)δ~(13)C值从-27.07‰增加到342.44‰,增长的幅度表明添加的葡萄糖首先被细菌和浮游动物快速利用,而藻类只利用了一小部分.同时细菌、颗粒性有机物(POM)和浮游动物的δ~(13)C值在第1 d急剧增加,细菌的δ~(13)C值远大于浮游动物和POM的δ~(13)C值,之后细菌和POM的δ~(13)C值开始下降,但浮游动物的δ~(13)C值却仍在缓慢增加,进一步表明了DOC进入湖泊后首先被细菌吸收利用,而细菌吸收DOC后通过自身代谢作用形成细胞颗粒,浮游甲壳类动物通过摄食细胞颗粒来获得外源DOC. 相似文献
2.
太湖北部湖区水体中浮游细菌的动态变化 总被引：9，自引：7，他引：2
2003年1月-12月对太湖北部湖区8个采样点进行了每月1次、为期一年的水体中浮游细菌数量的测定,并同步对溶解性有机碳(DOC),总氮,总磷,叶绿素a和温度进行了测定,结果表明:浮游细菌数量存在明显的季前变化和空间差异,夏秋季浮游细菌数量比冬春季高,最高值出现在夏季的7月份,平均值为7．43×106cell／ml,最低值出现在3月份,平均值为3．14×106cells／ml,最低值与最高值差异达73％;污染严重的河口区浮游细菌数量明显高于湖心区,最高值出现在河口的6#点,平均值为5.51×106cells／ml,比湖心区最低值8#点高83．2％,并呈现从河口、湾内至湖心随水体污染程度减轻而逐步递减的趋势;浮游细菌数量与温度和浮游植物量显著相关．而与水体中营养盐无关,预示着太湖水体中的营养盐已处于较高的水平,不再是浮游细菌生长的限制因素,而来源于浮游植物的有机碳可能是其生长的重要碳源． 相似文献
3.
《中国科学:地球科学》2016,(1)
海洋微型生物是海洋生物地球化学循环的主要驱动者,也是海洋能量代谢的主要参与者,在海洋生态系统中发挥着举足轻重的作用.好氧不产氧光合异养细菌(AAPB)是海洋中一类重要的功能类群,在海洋中广泛分布,它们可以利用光能补充自身的能量代谢,在海洋碳循环中发挥着重要而特殊的作用.在21世纪初,由于微型生物显微荧光定量方法的弊端,人们对于AAPB分布规律的认识存在着一定的偏差."时间序列红外荧光显微数字化方法"(TIREM)的建立,修正了AAPB定量偏差,揭示了海洋中AAPB分布的真正规律.之后,对AAPB生态分布调控因素的进一步研究表明:相对于光照,溶解有机碳(DOC)对AAPB绝对丰度和相对丰度的影响更重要.此认识推翻了"AAPB通过利用光能就可以赢得与普通异养细菌竞争"这一"想当然"的理论推测.而对AAPB碳源利用特点的研究表明,此功能类群具有重要的碳分馏作用,即AAPB在碳代谢过程中,部分碳源并非简单的沿着传统生物泵方向传递.在此基础上的海洋微型生物与DOC相互作用关系研究,最终导致海洋储碳新机制—微型生物碳泵(MCP)的提出,它解释了海洋中巨大溶解有机碳库存在的原因和机制,实现了海洋储碳机制理论上的新突破. 相似文献
4.
南海是西太平洋最大的半封闭型边缘海,也是受东亚季风强烈影响的海区.叶绿素、初级生产力和输出生产力等重要生物地球化学指标都具有显著的季节性变化.而溶解有机碳(DOC),尤其是具有不同生物可利用性组分的源汇变化研究则相对较少.本研究利用物理-生物地球化学耦合模式定量评估了活性、半活性和惰性DOC的季节性生产速率,分析了南海有机物时空变化的动力机制及其收支平衡.模拟结果显示三类DOC的生产均与浮游植物初级生产力(NPP)高度相关.在海盆内部,DOC生产及NPP在冬季最高,夏季较低.而在北部近岸区域,珠江径流变化控制了NPP与DOC生产,夏季高,冬季低.在东北部的吕宋海峡西侧,黑潮入侵引起的锋面过程造成了高的冬季DOC产率.在西南部的越南岸外,夏季上升流与冬季混合都促进DOC生产.惰性DOC生产对海洋碳封存的贡献不可忽视,其年平均产率为(1.8±0.5)mg C m?2d?1,相当于1000m水层颗粒有机碳输出通量的26%. 相似文献
5.
张传伦 《中国科学:地球科学》2018,(6)
"微型生物碳泵"的核心是依赖于微型生物的生物学过程把容易被利用的活性溶解有机碳(DOC)或可被缓慢降解的半活性DOC转化为难以被降解或利用的RDOC.该理论为海洋生物地球化学研究提供了新的视角和思路并得到国际同行的一致认可. 相似文献
6.
南京玄武湖浮游细菌群落结构的季节变化及其与环境因子的关系 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
应用16S rRNA基因末端限制性片段长度多态性技术和多元统计方法,探究了南京玄武湖浮游细菌群落结构的季节性变化,并找出了浮游细菌群落组成分布的主要影响因子.结果表明,玄武湖4个季节中夏季Invsimpson指数、Shannon-Wiener指数和Pielou指数最高,而春季最低.非度量多维尺度分析结果显示浮游细菌群落结构存在着明显的季节性变化.Mantel检验、典范对应分析、变量分割分析表明影响玄武湖细菌群落结构最显著的环境因子为温度,其次为pH.营养盐浓度对玄武湖细菌群落结构的影响不显著.总的来说,本研究将有助于更好地理解富营养化水体中的浮游细菌群落组成的季节变化规律. 相似文献
7.
三种碳源对乌梁素海好氧不产氧光合细菌群落结构的影响 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
好氧不产氧光合细菌(AAPB)营光合异养,在水体碳循环中起着重要作用.但是,碳源对AAPB群落结构的影响尚不明确.本文基于16S rDNA和光合反应中心合成中的关键基因——pufM基因,运用变性梯度凝胶电泳(DGGE)技术,比较分析了在微生物分离培养中常用的3种碳源(葡萄糖、丙酮酸钠、酵母提取物)对乌梁素海水体总细菌及AAPB群落结构的影响.结果表明,不同碳源诱导7~21 d后,水体总细菌群落丰富度及多样性指数均有不同程度的提升,AAPB群落则呈现先升后降的趋势.3种碳源中,丙酮酸钠添加后对总细菌及AAPB菌群的丰富度和多样性的提升效果最好.测序及系统发育结果表明,乌梁素海水体经诱导后新检测到了一些原环境中未发现的菌属,一些具有特殊碳代谢能力的菌属丰度得到了提升.本研究为充分认识和理解AAPB的生态学作用和意义,及其富集、分离和培养提供了基础依据. 相似文献
8.
太湖浮游细菌种群基因多样性及其季节变化规律 总被引：8，自引：3，他引：5
为认识湖泊中浮游细菌的多样性及其变化规律,本研究采用聚合酶链式反应-变性梯度凝胶电泳(PCR-DGGE)的方法,研究了太湖梅梁湾和湖心区浮游细菌种群16S rRNA基因多样性以及种群基因组成的季节变化特征.研究结果表明,太湖浮游细菌种群具有丰富的基因多样性.浮游细菌的丰度、DGGE条带数、种群的Shannon-Wiener指数、Simpson 指数和Pielou指数均呈现显著的季节变化规律:夏季及秋季浮游细菌的丰度、基因多样性及种群的均匀度较高,而冬季和春季则较低.浮游细菌种群的基因组成随时间变化.梅梁湾浮游细菌的丰度显著高于湖心.梅梁湾与湖心浮游细菌主要建群种的基因型存在显著差异. 相似文献
9.
浮游细菌在驱动湖泊物质循环、指示湖泊水环境质量等方面发挥重要作用,探明其在湖泊中的空间分布格局及其驱动机制,是揭示湖泊物质循环过程及水环境状况的关键。浅水湖泊具有水动力扰动强烈的生境特点,其中的浮游细菌群落空间格局的形成机制尚未明晰。本研究以大型浅水湖泊——太湖为研究对象,通过对全湖开展系统的野外调查,结合高通量测序技术、多元统计分析方法及生态学模型构建,系统探明太湖浮游细菌的空间分布格局,并揭示格局形成的驱动机制。结果显示：（1）太湖西北部湖区（藻型湖区）与东南部湖区（草型湖区）之间浮游细菌群落结构存在显著差异,而这两个区域内各湖区间及湖心区与周边湖区间之间的浮游细菌群落结构差异不显著,太湖浮游细菌群落结构整体上呈现较弱的距离衰减规律;（2）太湖草、藻型湖区及湖心区中浮游细菌群落结构分别与叶绿素a、透明度及总悬浮物显著相关,总体上环境变量对太湖浮游细菌群落空间格局的相对贡献率大于空间变量;（3）尽管确定性过程中的异质化选择、随机过程中的非主导性过程以及扩散限制对太湖浮游细菌空间格局的形成均产生重要影响,但总体上随机过程对格局形成的相对贡献更大;（4）太湖无序风场驱动的水力混合作用导致... 相似文献
10.
亚热带河口区水库DOC和DIC浓度时空变化特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
沿海水库汇聚并埋藏着大量的碳,是全球碳循环的重要区域.水体溶解有机碳(DOC)和溶解无机碳(DIC)的生物地球化学行为是水库碳循环研究的重要组成部分,对其系统生物过程和生态环境变化具有重要的影响.为了解亚热带河口区文武砂水库表层水体DOC和DIC的时空分布特征,本研究于2018年11月、2019年3月和6月分别对库区表层水进行多空间点位采样分析.结果表明,研究期间,文武砂水库表层水体DOC和DIC浓度变化范围分别介于0.10～21.13和0.38～34.94 mg/L,其均值分别为(4.09±0.18)和(15.83±0.24) mg/L,最大值分别出现在夏季和秋季;空间分布趋势,整体表现为北库区南库区,且由库区周边的浅水区向库区中心的深水区域呈现出递减的趋势;浮游植物光合作用强度是影响库区DOC和DIC浓度的季节变化的重要因素,而外源污染输入强度是引起库区DOC和DIC浓度空间变化的重要因素.本文结果扩展对水库碳循环的认知,对提高水库水质也提供了有益参考. 相似文献
11.
冰封期湖泊与大气的气体交换受冰盖阻碍,影响湖泊溶解氧含量,进而影响湖泊水质.为探究冰封期湖泊溶解氧和新陈代谢速率变化特征及影响因素,本研究通过监测典型季节性冰封湖泊不同深度的溶解氧（DO）、水温和光合有效辐射（PAR）,结合水质检测结果,分析冰封期湖泊DO变化及代谢速率影响因素,对湖泊日新陈代谢速率计算方法进行改进并估算冰封期湖泊新陈代谢速率.结果表明：2021年1—3月间,岱海DO浓度平均值为15.49 mg/L,并出现昼夜变化和分层现象.DO在冰封期变化趋势呈现出先逐渐升高,然后保持稳定,进入消融期（2021年3月2—11日）分层现象逐渐消失的规律.岱海冰封期净初级生产力和生态系统呼吸速率平均值分别为0.11和0.10 mg/（L·d）,在水温未出现分层时净初级生产力呈现较高水平;之后水温沿水深方向出现分层,净初级生产力明显下降;当冰层融化后,PAR显著上升,净初级生产力又逐渐恢复至0.10 mg/（L·d）.统计分析表明,岱海冰封期DO与水温、PAR、总氮等变化具有一定相关关系,且由于湖泊流域生态环境条件及冰封期物候特征不同,岱海与内蒙古其他湖泊相比,冰封期DO变化趋势存在一定差异. 相似文献
12.
Spectroscopic techniques and extracellular enzyme activity measurements were combined with assessments of bacterial secondary production (BSP) to elucidate flood-pulse-linked differences in carbon (C) sources and related microbial processes in a river-floodplain system near Vienna (Austria). Surface connection with the main channel significantly influenced the quantity and quality of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in floodplain backwaters. The highest values of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and chromophoric DOM (CDOM) were observed during the peak of the flood, when DOC increased from 1.36 to 4.37 mg l?1 and CDOM from 2.94 to 14.32 m?1. The flood introduced DOC which consisted of more allochthonously-derived, aromatic compounds. Bacterial enzymatic activity, as a proxy to track the response to changes in DOM, indicated elevated utilization of imported allochthonous material. Based on the enzyme measurements, new parameters were calculated: metabolic effort and enzymatic indices (EEA 1 and EEA 2). During connection, bacterial glucosidase and protease activity were dominant, whereas during disconnected phases a switch to lignin degradation (phenol oxidase) occurred. The enzymatic activity analysis revealed that flooding mobilized reactive DOM, which then supported bacterial metabolism. No significant differences in overall BSP between the two phases were detected, indicating that heterogeneous sources of C sufficiently support BSP. The study demonstrates that floods are important for delivering DOM, which, despite its allochthonous origin, is reactive and can be effectively utilized by aquatic bacteria in this river-floodplain systems. The presence of active floodplains, characterized by hydrological connectivity with the main channel, creates the opportunity to process allochthonous DOC. This has potential consequences for carbon flux, enhancing C sequestration and mineralization processes in this river-floodplain system. 相似文献
13.
We used a comparative data set for 25 lakes in Denmark sampled during summer to explore the influence of lake morphometry,
catchment conditions, light availability and nutrient input on lake metabolism. We found that (1) gross primary production
(GPP) and community respiration (R) decline with lake area, water depth and drainage ratio, and increase with algal biomass
(Chl), dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and total phosphorus (TP); (2) all lakes, especially small with less incident light,
and forest lakes with high DOC, have negative net ecosystem production (NEP < 0); (3) daily variability of GPP decreases with
lake area and water depth as a consequence of lower input of nutrients and organic matter per unit water volume; (4) the influence
of benthic processes on free water metabolic measures declines with increasing lake size; and (5) with increasing lake size,
lake metabolism decreases significantly per unit water volume, while depth integrated areal rates remain more constant due
to a combination of increased light and nutrient limitation. Overall, these meta-parameters have as many significant but usually
weaker relationships to whole-lake and benthic metabolism as have TP, Chl and DOC that are directly linked to photosynthesis
and respiration. Combining water depth and Chl to predict GPP, and water depth and DOC to predict R, lead to stronger multiple
regression models accounting for 57–63% of the variability of metabolism among the 25 lakes. It is therefore important to
consider differences in lake morphometry and catchment conditions when comparing metabolic responses of lakes to human impacts. 相似文献
14.
Belowground carbon balance and carbon accumulation rate in the successional series of monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
ZHOU Guoyi ZHOU Cunyu LIU Shuguang TANG Xuli OUYANG Xuejun ZHANG Deqiang LIU Shizhong LIU Juxiu YAN Junhua ZHOU Chuanyan LUO Yan GUAN Lili LIU Yan 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2006,49(3):311-321
The belowground part of terrestrial ecosystem is a huge carbon pool. It is believed that of the total 2500Gt carbon stored in global terrestrial ecosystem, soil carbon storage within the 1 m surface layer ac- counts for 2000Gt, which is 4-fold of vegetation car- bon storage[1,2]. Compared with the carbon in the vegetation, carbon in the deep soil layers is much more stable, and it will stay in soil profile permanentlyunless geological vicissitude occurs. Essentially, forest restoration is the… 相似文献
15.
《Limnologica》2015
To establish the influence of phytoplankton blooms on the dynamics and sources of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in Lake Taihu, the concentrations and stable carbon isotope values (δ13C) of DOC and particulate organic carbon (POC) were analyzed, along with environmental factors, including water temperature, chlorophyll a (Chl a) concentration, phytoplankton community and total bacterial abundance, from March to August 2013 at five sites in Lake Taihu. Significant differences were observed in the DOC concentrations and δ13CDOC values at the sampling sites. On average, the proportion of DOC in the total organic carbon (TOC) pool ranged from 30% ± 10% to 81% ± 7%. POC was positively associated with both Chl a concentration and cyanobacteria biomass, suggesting that cyanobacteria blooms contribute to the POC pool in Lake Taihu. Depleted 13C in DOC relative to POC was observed in August, indicating that DOC was partially derived from POC in August. However, Chl a explained only 40% of the variation in DOC in the entirety of Lake Taihu, and at two sites far from the estuary, the contribution of allochthonous carbon was less than 50% in August. These results suggested a greater influence of allochthonous sources on the DOC pool. Moreover, the biodegradability of DOC was further determined by the total dissolved carbohydrates to DOC ratio (TCHO/DOC), specific UV absorbance (SUVA254), and the concentrations of bioavailable DOC (BDOC). On average, 17% of the variation in DOC was attributable to the BDOC pool, and the BDOC concentration correlated positively with Chl a, cyanobacteria biomass, and total bacterial abundance, suggesting that cyanobacteria–derived DOC is biodegradable and is preferentially utilized by bacteria. 相似文献
16.
Back-barrier tidal flat systems are characterized by basins and inlets through which water is exchanged with the coastal sea
by tidal water movements. The hydrographic and morphometric properties at the inlets and in the basins vary considerably,
but there is little information available how biogeochemical properties in the water column at these different sites respond
to these differences. Therefore, we investigated tidal dynamics of suspended particulate matter (SPM), particulate and dissolved
organic carbon (DOC), chlorophyll a, phaeopigments, numbers of particle-associated (PA) and free-living bacteria (FL), bacterial biomass production, and concentrations
of dissolved manganese (Mn). Samples were taken at the surface, a mid-depth and 1 m above the bottom at a fixed station at
the inlet and in the basin of the Spiekeroog back-barrier tidal flat system in the German Wadden Sea. Five tidal cycles representative
for typical seasonal situations, January (winter), April and May (late spring bloom), July (summer), and November (late fall)
were studied in 2005 and 2006. In July, processes related to phytoplankton dynamics and bacterial decomposition were much
more enhanced in the basin, whereas in April, these processes were enhanced at the inlet but were particularly low within
the basin itself. The low values within the basin were a result of the settled phytoplankton spring bloom and represent a
rather short period at the decline of this bloom. In November and January, differences were much less pronounced than during
the growing season and restricted mainly to SPM and PA bacteria, exhibiting higher values in the basin. FL bacteria, DOC,
and dissolved Mn exhibited different patterns and much less differences between the two stations, indicating that biogeochemical
processes in the dissolved phase were controlled by different factors than PA biogeochemical processes. These differences
reflect the retentive properties of the basin for particles and PA biogeochemical processes, particularly during the growing
season, and in general emphasize the high productivity of back-barrier tidal flat systems. 相似文献
17.
Peatlands cover a very small area of the Earth, but store globally significant quantities of carbon and export disproportionate quantities of fluvial organic carbon, especially when the peatlands are degraded or disturbed. Peatland headwater catchments with high concentrations of dissolved and particulate organic carbon (DOC and POC) provide an opportunity to investigate the possibility of competing effects that could lead to enhanced or diminished turnover of DOC in the presence of POC. Both POC and DOC can be degraded by light and microbes, producing smaller molecules and releasing CO2 and CH4 to the atmosphere, and POC can inhibit light penetration, stabilize DOC by providing adsorption sites and providing surfaces for microbes to interact with DOC. However, the majority of peatland fluvial carbon studies are conducted using filtered water samples, and measure only the DOC concentration, so the impact of the particulate organic matter (POM) on in-stream processing of organic carbon is relatively unknown. It is therefore possible that studies have underestimated carbon transformations in rivers as they have not considered the interaction of the particulate material on the dissolved concentrations; there could be higher losses than previously estimated, increasing the contribution of peatland headwaters to GHG emissions. In this study, we assessed if the current approach of DOC degradation studies accurately represent the impact of POM on DOC degradation, by quantifying DOC production from POM, and therefore POC, over time in water with manipulated POM concentrations. Both filtered and unfiltered water lost 60% of the DOC over 70 hours, whereas the treatment with additional POM lost only 35%. The results showed that filtering does not significantly impact the DOC degradation rates; however, when the POC concentration was doubled, there was a significant reduction in DOC degradation, suggesting that filtering would still be necessary to get accurate rates of DOC transformations in waters with high POC concentrations. 相似文献
18.
《Acta Geochimica》2017,(4)
River systems play an important role in the global carbon cycle. Rivers transport carbon to the ocean and also affect the carbon cycle in the coastal ocean. The flux from land to the ocean is thought to be a very important part of the land carbon budget. To investigate the effect of dam-building on dissolved organic carbon(DOC)in rivers, three reservoirs of different trophic states in the Wujiang basin, Guizhou Province, were sampled twice per month between May 2011 and May 2012. Temporal and spatial distributions of DOC in the reservoirs and their released waters were studied. It was found that different factors controlled DOC in river water, reservoir water, and released water. DOC in the rivers tended to be affected by primary production. For reservoirs, the main controlling factors of DOC concentration varied by trophic state. For the mesotrophic Hongjiadu Reservoir, the effect of primary production on DOC concentration was obvious. For the eutrophic Dongfengdu Reservoir and the hypereutrophic Wujiangdu Reservoir, primary production was not significant and DOC came instead from soil and plant litter. 相似文献
19.
The fluorescent properties of dissolved organic matter (DOM) enable comparisons of humic‐like (H‐L) and fulvic‐like (F‐L) fluorescence intensities with dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in aquatic systems. The fluorescence‐DOC relationship differed in gradient, i.e. the fluorescence per gram of carbon, and in the strength of the correlation coefficient. We compare the fluorescence intensity of the F‐L and H‐L fractions and DOC of freshwater DOM in north Shropshire, England, featuring a river, wetland, spring, pond and sewage DOM sources. Correlations between fluorescence and DOC varied between sample sites. Wetland water samples for the F‐L peak gave the best correlation, r = 0·756; the lowest correlation was from final treated sewage effluent, r = 0·167. The relationship between fluorescence and DOC of commercially available International Humic Substances Society standards were also examined and they generally showed a lower fluorescence per gram of carbon for the F‐L peak than the natural samples, whereas peat wetland DOM gave a greater fluorescence per gram of carbon than river DOM. Here, we propose the strength of the fluorescence–DOC correlation to be a useful tool when discriminating sources of DOM in fresh water. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献