共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 162 毫秒
1.
横波速度测井曲线是进行岩石物理分析、AVO正演、AVO属性分析以及叠前反演等工作必不可少的基础资料,但横波测试设备与常规测井测试仪器不同,造成额外费用,往往很多井没有横波资料;同时还存在实测横波速度异常,不能满足实际工作需要.针对这些问题,本文利用经验公式法、XuWhite法及多元线性拟合法在YB地区进行横波预测,对比了不同方法的预测精度,讨论了横波预测方法的主要影响因素.对于Xu-White法来讲,孔隙形状是影响预测结果的重要因素;对于多元线性拟合法来讲,拟合曲线及其数目的选择对预测结果影响较大.使用三种预测方法进行预测的结果表明Xu-White法及多元线性拟合法效果较好,相对误差均小于5%;其中多元线性拟合法预测结果与实测横波资料误差最小,仅为4.46%.通过对比使用实测横波与使用多元线性拟合法预测的横波进行叠前反演的结果发现两者差别不大,并且原本无横波资料的井使用预测横波速度参与反演对反演结果起到改善作用,证明横波预测技术具有较高的推广应用价值. 相似文献
2.
3.
与叠后反演相比,叠前反演通过获取更多的弹性参数以预测有利储层空间展布特征,但横波资料是叠前反演的关键因素.一般来说,实际研究区的横波资料很少,甚至缺失,从常规测井资料中重建横波信息是当前广泛采用的横波预测技术.本文以大庆油田某采油厂S区为例,在综合研究分析的基础上,基于最小二乘拟合多项式的方法完成了研究区所有井的横波速度预测.对研究区六口横波测井曲线对比分析显示,预测横波与实测横波平均符合率在96%以上,横波资料的预测精度可有效应用于地震资料的叠前反演计算.基于预测的横波速度建立了低频模型,完成了S区叠前同时反演试算,所得到弹性参数数据和测井数据进行对比分析,结果显示反演得到的弹性参数预测的结果与井资料吻合较好,计算表明该方法在同类储层的研究区可推广应用. 相似文献
4.
5.
《地球物理学进展》2016,(3)
声波测井曲线是井震联合反演过程中必不可少的资料.在没有声波测井资料的情况下,必须对其进行预测.X油田大部分开发井均没有实测的纵、横波测井资料,这给该油田剩余油的挖潜工作带来较大困难.文章基于聚类分析算法、岩石物理模型和多元线性拟合三种方法,开展了纵波测井曲线的预测,以模型的稳定性、精确度、实用性作为衡量指标,选用多元线性拟合方法预测纵波测井曲线,其预测模型的相对误差约为3.18%.在准确预测纵波测井曲线的基础之上,采用Han公式、Greengerg-Castagna(GC)公式和Xu-White模型预测横波测井曲线,其中基于GC公式所建立的预测模型精度最高,其相对误差约为4.36%,从而选取GC公式来预测横波测井曲线.纵、横波测井曲线的准确预测为X油田剩余油分布预测及井位优化研究工作奠定了坚实的基础,具有较强的现实意义. 相似文献
6.
通过超声-时间动态测试方法系统地分析了煤系沉积岩石纵波和横波速度，计算了煤系岩石动弹性力学参数，同步测试了煤系岩石的静态力学参数，建立了煤系沉积岩石动弹性力学参数与静弹性力学参数之间和煤系岩石物理力学参数与其声波速度之间的定性定量关系.研究结果表明，煤系岩石的动弹性模量与岩石的纵波或横波速度具有很好的正相关关系，而与泊松比不具有这种正相关关系.煤系岩石的动弹性模量要大于其静弹性模量，而动泊松比要小于其静泊松比，它们之间呈线性相关关系.煤系岩石密度、单轴抗压和抗拉强度与其纵波或横波速度之间也呈正相关关系，它们分别服从二次函数、指数函数和线性函数分布. 相似文献
7.
在砂泥岩剖面中,基于Gassmann方程和Xu-White岩石物理模型,利用常规测井资料及实验室岩石物理数据进行横波速度估算.模型中考虑了泥质砂岩中基质性质、泥质含量、孔隙度大小和孔隙形状以及孔隙饱含流体性质对岩石速度的影响.综合分析了模型中砂、泥岩和孔隙流体弹性参数以及孔隙纵横比等输入参数的误差对预测横波速度精度的影响.数值模型试验表明,在Xu-White模型中采用变化的孔隙纵横比估算出的横波速度远远比采用固定孔隙纵横比估算出的横波速度准确. 相似文献
8.
在地震数据的AVO(Amplitude Versus Offset)反演以及储层预测分析等中都需要横波速度信息,然而目前多数地区横波速度测井资料十分匮乏,在AVO反演中,往往凭经验公式获得,其精度很低.为了获得准确的横波速度信息,我们利用测井资料由最小二乘法实现横波速度的反演,针对华北油区赛83井实际测井数据,利用纵波速度、密度测井数据反演计算了该区的横波速度,并与实测横波速度作了对比,结果发现反演与实测结果取得了较好的一致性;还将该方法反演的横波速度与几种不同反演方法反演结果作了对比,获得较为一致的结果,算例证明了该方法的有效性.在测井资料缺少的情况下,该方法作为AVO反演横波速度的初始速度建模及储层预测分析应该是一种较为实用的方法. 相似文献
9.
碳酸盐岩组成复杂,储集层空间类型多,储层参数的规律性较差,AVO响应特征弱,尤其是孔隙形状对弹性参数的影响不可忽略.针对碳酸盐岩储层的特点,基于自洽模型和微分等效模型构建了多孔隙结构条件下多相介质的碳酸盐岩岩石物理模型.按照各相介质体积含量由小到大的顺序,先利用自洽模型计算孔隙度为50%时的双相等效介质,再通过微分等效模型将孔隙度调整至实际孔隙度,计算实际孔隙条件下的双相介质等效体,重复迭代该过程,最终构建出与实际岩石等效的介质体,计算获得等效岩石的弹性模量参数.通过实验对比了自洽模型、微分等效模型与自洽-微分等效模型的岩石弹性模量与孔隙度、孔隙纵横比之间的适用性规律.最后基于四川龙岗飞仙关组实际测井资料,结合自洽-微分等效模型进行了目标地层的横波预测.结果显示该模型的横波预测效果相对Xu-Payne模型预测,两者预测曲线比较接近,但在形态上更接近实际横波.SCA-DEM模型在孔隙度和孔隙纵横比上具有更好的适应性,为碳酸盐岩孔洞型储层的岩石物理建模提供了一种新参考. 相似文献
10.
11.
Three-component recordings of shear-waves in exploration surveys provide an opportunity to measure crustal anisotropy, which may be important in estimating the geometrical and physical parameters of reservoir rocks. VSPs are particularly important for this purpose as they are less subject to the complex interactions of the shear wavefield with the free surface. The first stage in characterizing the subsurface anisotropy requires that the distinctive phenomenon of shear-wave splitting must be examined for every arrival at each geo-phone. This effect may be defined by two parameters: the polarization of the leading shear-wave and the time-delay between corresponding split shear-waves. A variety of techniques have been designed to estimate these parameters of shear-wave splitting. Here, we classify the published techniques into four main categories and review their properties. Representative procedures from each group are applied to a common synthetic data set contaminated with signal-generated noise. The results allow some general statements to be made about the utility of these methods for processing shear-waves in VSP data. 相似文献
12.
M. Pohl. F. Wenzel T. Weiss S. Siegesmund T. Bohlen W. Rabbel 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1999,156(1-2):139-155
—The genesis of the laminated lower crust has been attributed to extensional processes leading to structural and textural ordering. This implies that the lower crust might be anisotropic. Laboratory measurements of lower crustal rock samples and xenolithes show evidence of anisotropy in these rocks due to oriented structure.¶In this paper we investigate the seismic shear-wave response of realistic anisotropic lower crustal models using the anisotropic reflectivity method. Our models are based on representative petrophysical data obtained from exposed lower crustal sections in Calabria (South Italy), Val Strona and Val Sesia (Ivrea Zone, Northern Italy). The models consist of stacks of anisotropic layers characterized by quantified elastic tensors derived from representative rock samples which provide alternating high and low velocity layers.¶The seismic signature of the data is comparable to seismic observations of in situ lower crust. For the models based on the Calabria and Val Strona sequences shear-wave splitting occurs for the Moho reflection at offsets beyond 70 km with travel-time delays up to 300 and 500 ms, respectively. The leading shear wave is predominantly horizontally polarized and followed by a predominantly vertically polarized shear wave. Contrastingly, the Val Sesia model shows no clear evidence of birefringence. Isotropic versus anisotropic modelling demonstrates that the shear-wave splitting is clearly related to the intrinsic anisotropy of the lower crustal rocks for the Val Strona sequence. No evidence of birefringence caused by thin layering is found. 相似文献
13.
非常规油气藏（如致密性地层及蕴藏油气的页岩地层）的重要特征是低孔、低渗,但裂隙或裂缝比较发育.为满足非常规勘探的需求,本文将孔、裂隙介质弹性波传播理论应用于多极子声波测井的井孔声场模拟,重点研究了致密介质中裂隙发育时多极子声波的传播机理以及衰减特征.井孔声场的数值计算结果表明裂隙的存在明显改变了弹性波和井孔模式波的频散、衰减和激发强度,尤其是井壁临界折射纵波的激发谱的峰值随着频率的增加逐渐降低,这与应用经典的Biot理论下的计算结果相反,且裂隙的存在也使得饱含水和饱含气时临界折射纵波激发强度的差异变大.井孔模式波的衰减与地层横波衰减和井壁流体交换有关,井壁开孔边界下致密地层裂隙发育还使得井孔斯通利波和艾里相附近的弯曲波对孔隙流体的敏感性增强,在井壁闭孔边界条件下引起井孔模式波衰减的主要因素是裂隙引起的地层横波衰减造成的,且在截止频率附近弯曲波的衰减与地层的横波衰减一致.数值计算结果为解释非常规油气地层的声学响应特征提供了参考. 相似文献
14.
Anisotropy Effects on Microseismic Event Location 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Seismic anisotropy in sedimentary environments is significant—microseismic waveforms often show strong shear-wave splitting,
with differences reaching 40% between horizontally and vertically-polarized shear-wave velocities. Failure to account for
this anisotropy is shown to result in large microseismic event location errors. A method is presented here for determining
the five elastic parameters of a homogeneous, vertical transverse-isotropic (VTI) model from calibration shot data. The method
can also use data from mining-induced seismic events, which are then simultaneously located. This simple model provides a
good fit to arrival times from coal-environment data, and results in dramatic shifts in interpreted event locations. 相似文献
15.
偶极横波远探测技术作为近年来发展起来的一门地球物理测井技术,一个重要应用前景就是在裸眼井和套管井测井时寻找井外地层中的油气构造.本文从井中偶极声场积分表达式的远场渐近解出发,对裸眼井及套管井中偶极声源的辐射场进行了对比分析,首次得到了偶极声源在不同声源频率和不同地层类型下的辐射特征.并深入研究了套管井中偶极声源的SH横波远场辐射特性,给出了不同耦合情况下的SH横波远场辐射特性的变化规律,对比了套前套后SH横波远场辐射的异同.结果表明：井中偶极声源的远场辐射特性受声源频率和地层类型影响较大;在套管井中,偶极声源辐射到地层中的横波能量也可以进行远探测,尽管与裸眼井情况相比,辐射能量会有所降低.本文的结果为偶极横波远探测技术的应用提供了理论支持. 相似文献
16.
Wyllie's time-average equation and subsequent refinements have been used for over 20 years to estimate the porosity of reservoir rocks from compressional (P)-wave velocity (or its reciprocal, transit time) recorded on a sonic log. This model, while simple, needs to be more convincingly explained in theory and improved in practice, particularly by making use of shear (S)-wave velocity. One of the most important, although often ignored, factors affecting elastic velocities in a rock is pore structure, which is also a controlling factor for transport properties of a rock. Now that S-wave information can be obtained from the sonic log, it may be used with P-waves to provide a better understanding of pore structure. A new acoustic velocities-to-porosity transform based on an elastic velocity model developed by Kuster and Toksöz is proposed. Employing an approximation to an equivalent pore aspect ratio spectrum, pore structure for reservoir rocks is taken into account, in addition to total pore volume. Equidimensional pores are approximated by spheres and rounded spheroids, while grain boundary pores and flat pores are approximated by low aspect ratio cracks. An equivalent pore aspect ratio spectrum is characterized by a power function which is determined by compressional-and shear-wave velocities, as well as by matrix and inclusion properties. As a result of this more sophisticated elastic model of porous rocks and a stricter theory of elastic wave propagation, the new method leads to a more satisfactory interpretation and fuller use of seismic and sonic log data. Calculations using the new transform on data for sedimentary rocks, obtained from published literature and laboratory measurements, are presented and compared at atmospheric pressure with those estimated from the time-average equation. Results demonstrate that, to compensate for additional complexity, the new method provides more detailed information on pore volume and pore structure of reservoir rocks. Examples are presented using a realistic self-consistent averaging scheme to consider interactions between pores, and the possibility of extending the method to complex lithologies and shaly rocks is discussed. 相似文献
17.
F. AMINZADEH 《Geophysical Prospecting》1989,37(8):893-906
Data from offshore Norway is used to study applications of elastic VSP modelling in detecting shear waves and observing the effects of successive mode conversion in field-recorded VSP data. The shear-wave velocities and densities from log data are used in conjunction with compressional wave velocities determined from surface seismic and log data in the VSP modelling. The time domain non-normal incidence elastic VSP modelling technique of Aminzadeh and Mendel is used as the modelling algorithm. Two surface seismograms are computed first. One is the vertical component and the other is the horizontal component for plane waves that have specified incident angles. A downward continuation method is then applied to generate seismograms at different depth points. The collection of these seismograms constitutes non-normal incidence VSPs. Both vertical and horizontal components of VSP data can be obtained by this procedure. In this paper non-normal incidence VSPs are generated for a 12.5° incident plane wave. The modelling results of layered earth systems of thin layers and thick layers are both compared with field data, and the effect of mode conversions in thin layers is observed. Several events in the field data can be explained by this elastic VSP modelling. Comparison of the model data and field data enabled a probable tube wave or out-of-plane event to be identified, the removal of which significantly improved the final VSP section. This study also shows how the VSP data helped the interpretation of the surface 3D data. 相似文献
18.
Shear-wave velocity logs are useful for various seismic interpretation applications, including bright spot analyses, amplitude-versus-offset analyses and multicomponent seismic interpretations. Measured shear-wave velocity logs are, however, often unavailable. We developed a general method to predict shear-wave velocity in porous rocks. If reliable compressional-wave velocity, lithology, porosity and water saturation data are available, the precision and accuracy of shear-wave velocity prediction are 9% and 3%, respectively. The success of our method depends on: (1) robust relationships between compressional- and shear-wave velocities for water-saturated, pure, porous lithologies; (2) nearly linear mixing laws for solid rock constituents; (3) first-order applicability of the Biot–Gassmann theory to real rocks. We verified these concepts with laboratory measurements and full waveform sonic logs. Shear-wave velocities estimated by our method can improve formation evaluation. Our method has been successfully tested with data from several locations. 相似文献
19.
Ivan de Araújo Simões-Filho 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1996,148(3-4):625-635
The difference in travel times between split shear waves (travel-time splitting) in anisotropic media depends on nine combinations of the density normalized elastic parameters (the birefringence parameters). These combinations are all zero in isotropic media, where there is no shear-wave splitting. The number of nonzero birefringence parameters increases with decreasing symmetry elements in the medium: from one in cubic media to nine in triclinic media.The birefringence parameters may be recovered from travel-time splitting observations. Their azimuthal behavior may then be interpreted in terms of crack orientation (strike and dip directions). 相似文献
20.
The shear-wave velocity is a very important parameter in oil and gas seismic exploration, and vital in prestack elastic-parameters inversion and seismic attribute analysis. However, shearing-velocity logging is seldom carried out because it is expensive. This paper presents a simple method for predicting S-wave velocity which covers the basic factors that influence seismic wave propagation velocity in rocks. The elastic modulus of a rock is expressed here as a weighted arithmetic average between Voigt and Reuss bounds, where the weighting factor, w, is a measurement of the geometric details of the pore space and mineral grains. The S-wave velocity can be estimated from w, which is derived from the P-wave modulus. The method is applied to process well-logging data for a carbonate reservoir in Sichuan Basin, and shows the predicted S-wave velocities agree well with the measured S-wave velocities. 相似文献