共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 140 毫秒
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《地球物理学进展》2015,(3)
对同一回线和"8"字形回线进行实验对比研究.采用控制变量法对两种装置进行了多方面实验对比,并在同一实际工作区域运用同一回线和"8"字形回线进行实地测量,分析数据质量,对比解释成果.比较二者在地面瞬变电磁勘探应用中的优劣.得到结论:1)"8"字形回线比同一回线有更好的信噪比.2)"8"字形回线装置在抗干扰能力优于同一回线装置,晚期信号的稳定性优于同一回线装置.3)关断时间相同的情况下,同一回线比"8"字形回线有更好的分辨能力,能获得更加丰富的浅层地质信息.4)在信号的灵敏度反应方面,"8"字形回线不如同一回线装置.5)在深大断裂构造或者目标体跟围岩电阻率差距较大的地区可以采用"8"字形回线. 相似文献
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本以两承压岩体相互作用系统作为“弹性回跳”地震模型，用损伤力学的方法研究了系统失稳即地震前位移速率、声发射等前兆规律与岩石破裂过程的关系，用差分法在计算机上求得了地震发生过程中的变形与地声序列曲线，研究发现在某些情况下出现地声相对平静是由于两岩体介质中某一介质体破裂而另一个介质体弹性恢复所致。 相似文献
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本文评述在研究岩石圈结构时，根据已往采用广角反射波和折射波的信息进行正反演的为研究岩石圈结构。这种研究方法对那种成层性比较发育的地区效果比较好，而对于花岗岩地区或成层性不好的地区，这种方法就无能为力了。这样我们运用了回折波时间场和回折波ＣＴ成像方法相结合的系统来研究下地介质的速度结构，这种方法精度高，简单易行。并用把这种方法与以往用的正反演解释方法相比较，二者结果一致。 相似文献
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虽然MASW技术已经广泛地应用于地基检测中,但由于缺少大量理论指导,特别是数值模拟方面的研究,其应用受到限制.本文基于有限元软件LS-DYNA,通过数值模拟研究了四种典型地层（递增型地层、含软弱下伏层地层、含软弱夹层地层和硬夹层地层）由MASW方法提取的瑞雷波频散曲线的“之”字型特征.发现对于递增型地层,频散曲线不会出现“之”字型,对于其他三种地层,频散曲线则会出现不同类型的“之”字型,其中含软弱夹层地层“之”字型的位置和尺寸与软夹层的位置和层厚有较好的对应关系.本文的研究结果为实际工程中利用瑞雷波频散曲线的形状判定地层类型和软弱夹层位置提供了重要参考. 相似文献
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浅层地震反射波法和面波方法是两种相互独立发展的地震勘探方法,在各自的数据采集和处理中,对方都是作为干扰信号而存在. 本文利用浅层地震反射资料中被视为干扰的面波信号,通过成熟的多道面波勘探技术处理浅层地震反射资料,在频率-波数域中提取多阶振型面波的频散曲线,并基于该曲线反演浅地表S波速度结构. 这种方法充分开发利用了已有数据,无需单独的面波数据采集系统,同时为解释浅层地震反射资料提供了额外的信息约束. 结果表明:浅层地震反射资料中可提取出可靠的多阶振型面波频散曲线,并能给出稳定的反演结果,同时,面波反演的多解性可以通过高阶振型反演得以进一步约束;低速层的存在是观测频散曲线出现振型跳跃或呈“之”字形回折的必要条件而非充分条件. 相似文献
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地震孕育非线性动力学过程研究的“扩展概率法” 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
本文认为,小破裂可以扩展成大破裂,“扩展”行为是随机发生的,任何一个大破裂都可以视为小破裂随机“扩散”的一次“实现”研究小地震破裂“扩展”成大地震破裂的概率特征,是合理研究地震孕育动力学过程的一个有效方法,对于理想的分形介质,给定任何一组成年等比数列增大的破裂尺度Ｓ０,Ｓ１,．．．Ｓｎ存在一个不变的“扩散”概率Ｐ,使得破裂出Ｓｆ“扩展”为Ｓｉ＋１,的概率为常数,如果假设地壳介质是理想分形介质,则可 相似文献
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波形相关意义“重复地震”研究综述 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
波形相关意义的“重复地震”在自然界中普遍存在,其数量远远超过我们的预期.近年来由于数字地震观测技术的普及和发展,有关“重复地震”的研究引起越来越多的关注.目前“重复地震”研究已被广泛应用于检测地壳介质性质变化、评估地震台网的定位精度、地震“复发”和断层深部滑动速率的估算等方面,在提高定位和震相识别精度、断层结构、震源物理及地震预测研究等方面也都显示出值得关注的应用潜力.本文对有关“重复地震”的最新研究及应用成果进行了总结和归纳. 相似文献
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大连国际会议中心结构幕墙柱中,采用了一种扁钢管混凝土斜折柱.文中结合该工程设计,进行了2个1/3缩尺的扁钢管混凝土斜折柱试件的低周反复荷载试验,1个试件为普通扁钢管混凝土斜折柱,1个试件为多腔扁钢管混凝土斜折柱.比较分析了两个试件的承载力、刚度、延性、滞回特性及破坏特征.研究表明:多腔扁钢管混凝土斜折柱与普通扁钢管混凝... 相似文献
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Rayleigh-wave phase velocities have been utilized to determine shear (S)-wave velocities in near-surface geophysics since early 1980s. One of the key steps is to calculate theoretical dispersion curves of an earth model. When the S-wave velocity of the surface layer is higher than some of the layers below, however, the Rayleigh-wave phase velocity in a high-frequency range calculated by existing algorithms approaches the lowest S-wave velocity among the layers above the half-space, rather than a value related to the S-wave velocity of the surface layer. According to our numerical modeling results based on wave equation, trends of the Rayleigh-wave dispersive energy approach about a 91% of the S-wave velocity of the surface layer at a high-frequency range when its wavelength is much shorter than the thickness of the surface layer, which cannot be fitted by a dispersion curve calculated by existing algorithms. We propose a method to calculate Rayleigh-wave phase velocities of models with a high-velocity surface layer by considering its penetration depth. We build a substituted model that only contains the layer with the lowest S-wave velocity among the layers above the half-space and the layers above it. We use the substituted model to replace the original model to calculate phase velocities when the Rayleigh-wave wavelength is not long enough to penetrate the lowest S-wave velocity layer. Several synthetic models are used to verify fitness between the dispersion curve calculated by our proposed method and the trend of the highest dispersive energy. Examples of inversion also demonstrate high accuracy of using our method as the forward calculation method during the inversions. 相似文献
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S波速度结构能够反映地球介质的物性差异,是地壳内低速区结构特征判别的重要依据.本文尝试利用空间自相关法(SPAC法)从地震台站微动信号的垂直分量中提取瑞利波相速度频散曲线,通过对频散曲线的反演获得地下介质的S波速度结构.以国家数字测震台网8个宽频带地震台站的实测微动数据为例,采用SPAC方法获得了首都圈地区北京附近约30 km 深度范围内的一维S波速度结构.结果表明,该区结晶基底埋深较浅约2 km;分别在5~8 km 和12~16 km 深处发育S波低速层;8 km 和 20 km 处是S波速度差异较大的速度分界面.这一结果与以往地震学及人工地震探测结果较为吻合,表明SPAC法估算地壳S波速度结构是可行、有效的. 相似文献
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The lithospheric structure of the Sinai Peninsula is shown by means of nine shear velocity profiles for depths ranging from
zero to 50 km, determined from the Rayleigh wave analysis. The traces of 30 earthquakes, which occurred from 1992 to 1999
in and around the study area, have been used to obtain Rayleigh wave dispersion. These earthquakes were registered by a broadband
station located in Egypt (KEG station). The dispersion curves were obtained for periods between 3 and 40 s, by digital filtering
with a combination of MFT and TVF filtering techniques. After that, all seismic events were grouped in source zones to obtain
a dispersion curve for each source-station path. These dispersion curves were inverted according to generalized inversion
theory, to obtain shear wave velocity models for each source-station path, which is the main goal of this study. The shear
velocity structure obtained for the Sinai Peninsula is shown through the shear velocity distributions with depth. These results
agree well with the geology and other geophysical results, previously obtained from seismic and gravity data. The obtained
velocity models suggest the existence of lateral and vertical heterogeneity. The shear velocity increases generally with depth
for all paths analyzed in the study area. Nevertheless, in some paths a small low velocity channel in the upper or lower crust
occurs. Along these profiles, it is found that the crustal structure of the Sinai Peninsula consists of three principal layers:
upper crust with a sedimentary layer and lower crust. The upper crust has a sedimentary cover of 2 km thick with an average
S-velocity of 2.53 km/s. This upper crust has a variable thickness ranging from 12 to 18 km, with S-wave velocity ranging
from 3.24 to 3.69 km/s. The Moho discontinuity is located at a depth of 30 km, which is reflected by a sharp increase in the
S-velocity values that jump from 3.70–4.12 to 4.33–4.61 km/s. 相似文献
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使用位于松辽盆地内部的NECESSArray台阵连续两年背景噪声数据,通过波形互相关和多重滤波方法提取到2~14 s较短周期的Rayleigh波群速度和相速度频散曲线,基于快速行进（FMM）面波成像方法得到群速度和相速度成像结果,并采用最小二乘迭代线性方法反演获得了松辽盆地深至12 km的三维S波速度结构.本文成像结果显示：松辽盆地内部S波速度分布的横向不均匀性与该区域的构造单元呈现出良好的空间对应关系.从地表至下方的6 km深度,盆地北部比南部表现出更加强烈的低速异常,这一特征可能与盆地南北的沉积构造差异有关.中央坳陷区低速异常的边界与嫩江断裂走向相互平行,表明盆地基底断裂对盆地形成演化具有一定的控制作用.在垂直速度结构剖面中,2.9 km·s-1的S波速度等值线与地震反射剖面显示的盆地基底深度大致对应.基于S波速度模型和盆地基底速度（2.9 km·s-1）,我们获得精细的松辽盆地沉积层厚度模型,结果表明松辽盆地的沉积层厚度分布呈现出中间厚、四周薄的特征,中央坳陷区的沉积层厚度范围大约在3~6 km. 相似文献
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We present dispersion curves, and amplitude-depth distributions of the fundamental and first higher mode of Love seam waves for two characteristic seam models. The first model consists of four layers, representing a coal seam underlain by a root clay of variable thickness. The second model consists of five layers, representing coal seams containing a dirt band with variable position and thickness. The simple three-layer model is used for reference. It is shown that at higher frequencies, depending on the thickness of the root clay and the dirt band, the coal layers alone act as a wave guide, whereas at low frequencies all layers act together as a channel. Depending on the thickness, and position of the dirt band and the root clay, in the dispersion curves of the group velocity, secondary minima grow in addition to the absolute minima. Furthermore, the dispersion curves of the group velocity of the two modes can overlap. In all these cases, wave groups in addition to the Airy phase of the fundamental mode (propagating with minimum group velocity) occur on the seismograms recorded in in-seam seismic surveys, thus impeding their interpretation. Hence, we suggest the estimation of the dispersion characteristics of Love seam waves in coal seams under investigation preceding actual field surveys. All numerical calculations were performed using a fast and stable phase recursion algorithm. 相似文献
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Rayleigh波可以用来反演近地表结构,在工程物探、石油物探、地球内部结构探测中均有重要意义.数值计算得到的含低速层的层状介质对应的Rayleigh波频散曲线会出现看似“交叉”的现象,但是对于这种现象目前还没有进行系统的研究.事实上可以验证,有些看似交叉的频散曲线实际上不相交.改变低速层的厚度和横波速度发现低速层越明显（即低速层速度越低或层厚越厚）频散曲线越不容易相交.凡友华等在2007年提出频散曲线对应着四种基本模式,在频散曲线发生“交叉”现象的区域实际上存在两个以上模式的频散曲线.本文主要研究了存在R模和S2模的区域内频散曲线的“交叉”现象.首先利用竖直本征振动曲线研究R模和S2模Rayleigh 波的振动特点,发现R模对应的本征振动主要集中在地表,随着深度变化能量快速衰减,S2模对应的本征振动主要集中在第2层.研究“交叉点”附近频散点对应的本征振动曲线发现这一区域有些Rayleigh波同时具有R模和S2模的振动特点,对应着一种耦合模式.通过对实例的研究发现,在“交叉点”附近,若两条频散曲线不发生交叉,则每条曲线对应的模式会发生R模和S2模之间经由耦合模式的转变,本文称这种现象为两种模式发生耦合;若两条频散曲线相交,则同一条频散曲线上的Rayleigh波模式几乎相同,只是在离交点很近的区域会存在一些耦合模式,本文称此时两种模式不发生耦合.本文研究结果主要供Rayleigh波对低速层结构的反演研究参考. 相似文献
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利用面波层析成像和远震接收函数方法对长白山地区的地壳上地幔速度结构进行了研究。结果表明:长白山火山区附近存在岩石圈减薄、上地幔软流圈增厚以及上地幔S波速度降低等与上地幔高温物质有关的现象,它表明长白山的岩浆系统一直延伸到上地幔软流圈范围。天池火山区地壳内部存在明显的S波低速层,在离天池火山口较近的WQD台附近,低速层顶部埋深约8km,厚度近20km,S波最小速度约2.2km/s。在距离天池火山北部50km的EDO台地壳中没有明显的低速层。火山区S波速度结构总体表现出距离天池越近,地壳的V_P/V_S越大,低速层的厚度和幅度增加的特征,表明天池火山口附近地壳内部存在高温物质或岩浆囊。CBS台站不同方位的接收函数及反演结果表明,地表低速层厚度以及莫霍面深度存在随方位的变化。地表低速层在南部方向明显较厚,莫霍面深度在南部天池火山口方向存在小幅度抬升。CBS台站附近特殊的近地表速度结构可能是该台站记录的火山地震波形主频较低的主要因素。天池火山口附近莫霍面的小幅度抬升意味着存在与火山作用有关的壳幔物质交换通道 相似文献
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将一种新的方法——频率-贝塞尔变换法（F-Jmethod）应用于日本NIED在关东盆地布设的MeSO-net台网的背景噪声数据中,证明频率-贝塞尔变换法可以有效地从背景噪声中提取高阶频散曲线.利用提取的基阶和高阶频散曲线反演关东盆地区域的沉积层和地震基岩层的S波速度结构,并将我们反演得到的S波速度结构与Koketsu等提出的日本综合速度结构模型进行对比讨论.我们的例子证明,在基阶面波的基础上,高阶面波能减少在反演中的非唯一性,得到更为准确的S波速度结构. 相似文献
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Yinhe Luo Jianghai Xia Jiangping Liu Qingsheng Liu Shunfang Xu 《Journal of Applied Geophysics》2007,62(4):375-384
Joint inversion of multimode surface waves for estimating the shear (S)-wave velocity has received much attention in recent years. In this paper, we first analyze sensitivity of phase velocities of multimodes of surface waves for a six-layer earth model, and then we invert surface-wave dispersion curves of the theoretical model and a real-world example. Sensitivity analysis shows that fundamental mode data are more sensitive to the S-wave velocities of shallow layers and are concentrated on a very narrow frequency band, while higher mode data are more sensitive to the parameters of relatively deeper layers and are distributed over a wider frequency band. These properties provide a foundation of using a multimode joint inversion to define S-wave velocities. Inversion results of both synthetic data and a real-world example demonstrate that joint inversion with the damped least-square method and the singular-value decomposition technique to invert high-frequency surface waves with fundamental and higher mode data simultaneously can effectively reduce the ambiguity and improve the accuracy of S-wave velocities. 相似文献