共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 187 毫秒
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高分辨率探地雷达及实验研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文作者开发基于E5071B型矢量网络分析仪(VNA)的高分辨率探地雷达系统(LANRCS—GPR),该系统立足于频率域探地雷达系统的宽频带和适应性强的优点之上,充分发挥了矢量网络分析仪具有的超宽带、高精度测量等特性。该系统采用LAN方式进行系统联机控制方式,使系统组建成本低廉、易于扩展:本系统采用了计算效率高的F-K偏移方法作为实时成像方法。系统测试实验表明,该系统具有很高的探测分辨率,探测精度高,信号信噪比高,系统动态范围大,而且系统的操作灵活可靠,适应范围广,系统功能可扩展性强。该系统的研究开发为将来成品频域探地雷达系统的研发提供了理论、实验基础,同时也为电磁波传播研究及电磁探测研究搭建了一个采集数据精度高、信息量大、适应范围广、操作方便的实验平台。 相似文献
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机载探地雷达可能解决危险环境或广域条件下的近地表探测问题,用于解决环境、生态或军事方面的问题.然而由于种种原因,该技术的发展却显得比较慢.为了推进该技术的发展,本文介绍了目前世界范围内机载探地雷达的进展,并利用时间域有限差分法对一些典型模型进行数值模拟,并用特定的偏移成像方法对模拟结果进行成像.目前存在的机载探地雷达主要有三种类型:第一种为将常规探地雷达天线悬挂在直升飞机上,第二种为针对机载探地雷达开发的雷达系统,第三种为具有探地能力的合成孔径雷达.数值模拟结果表明,不管是水平地面的情况下,还是起伏界面的情况下,机载探地雷达都能清楚探测一定深度范围内的地下目标.可见,机载探地雷达是存满希望的一种方法. 相似文献
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GPR探测地埋管径研究综述 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
用无损探测技术来获取地下目标物的信息是当前研究的热点,探地雷达作为一种重要的工具及技术,已广泛应用在地埋管道直径的无损探测中,准确快速测定地埋管的直径,在理论研究与实际应用中都具有重要意义.本文在综合分析电磁波在介质中传播的基本特征和目标回波双曲线特征的基础上,讨论了用探地雷达无损探测技术来获取地埋管的直径特征参数的可行性;介绍了国内外目前主流的探地雷达设备,及相关学者在管径探测方面的研究进展;在国内外典型实例剖析的基础上,介绍分析了不同发展时期探地雷达测定地埋管管径的原理及测定方法;接着对地埋管径无损探测研究工作当前存在的问题进行总结.最后指出,地埋管探测的研究工作,应着眼于实现硬件轻便化、软件专业化、数据处理模型的智能化,才能更好的在实践中加以应用. 相似文献
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地质雷达是利用电磁波对地下不同电性介质进行探测的地球物理仪器，其探测速率快、分辨率高，可弥补探槽和其他地球物理方法存在探测盲区的缺陷，正在越来越多地应用于活动断层探测领域。本文以乌拉山山前断裂为例开展地质雷达探测工作，使用无人机正射影像技术对测线进行地形校正，获得断层浅部地质雷达图像。研究结果表明，本文研究方法能有效反映探槽揭露的地层单元和断层分布。本次探测中，雷达波形图像特征为:浅地表的土壤层反射波总体较弱；粗粒沉积为主的砾石层反射波总体较强，同相轴连续性好；细粒沉积为主的砂层反射波弱于砾石层，波形以中、高频为主，同相轴具有弱连续性；对于洪冲积地区，地质雷达能分辨具有一定特征的地层单元，这为剖面图像的断层识别提供了标志；通过无人机正射影像技术对地质雷达测线进行地形校正，有利于获得更为准确的探测结果。 相似文献
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《地球物理学进展》2017,(5)
快速、准确地获得土壤含水量信息对农业、水文地质、工程地质和环境科学都具有十分重要的意义.作为中尺度的非侵入型的探测土壤含水量的方法,探地雷达方法受到越来越多的重视,具有广阔的应用前景.本文基于速度分析原理和混合介质介电模型,建立了一套计算土壤含水量的探地雷达数据处理和分析流程.利用提出的数据处理和分析流程对多层水平介质模型的正演模拟数据进行了处理和分析,获得的结果说明了应用此套流程对探地雷达共中心点(CMP)数据估计土壤含水量是适用可行的.然后应用此流程对蒙古国乌兰巴托市水源区域采集的CMP数据进行了处理和分析,并与观测井的信息进行对比,获得了该区域准确的地下水位和土壤含水量信息.正演模拟数据和实测数据处理分析结果验证了探地雷达方法测量土壤含水量的有效性和可靠性. 相似文献
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基于GprMax正演模拟的探地雷达根系探测敏感因素分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
应用探地雷达对植物根系进行探测的有效性已得到证实.但由于根系结构复杂,根围环境异质性强,针对基于探地雷达得到的根系探测数据的解读尚处于经验积累阶段.本研究首先通过对比根系探地雷达实测信号图像和模拟信号图像,证实了利用GprMax模拟探地雷达探测植物根系的有效性.其次通过定义不同根系空间结构和电性参数场景,模拟了不同条件下根目标反射信号的差异,并对影响探地雷达探测植物根系有效性的敏感因素进行了初步分析.模拟结果有助于探地雷达野外根系探测图谱的解译,为探地雷达在植物根系探测中的应用积累经验. 相似文献
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《应用地球物理》2015,(4)
描述和估计介质含水量、介电常数等属性参数分布是探地雷达探测技术的重要研究内容。雷达波的旅行时间和反射振幅系数与介质含水量、孔隙度与介电常数密切相关。常规通过旅行时间计算波速以估计介质参数的方法,例如透射波法,共中心点速度分析等,对于复杂介质分辨率有限。基于反射振幅的阻抗反演方法可以直接根据反射系数计算雷达波阻抗以估计介质属性参数,从而有效地避开常规方法在计算波速时精度低的问题。本文首先建立了基于高斯型和指数型混合自相关函数的三维多尺度等效随机介质模型刻画地下随机介质参数分布,并在局部加入高斯椭圆方程描述局部随机异常目标体。其次,通过引入锥形函数以降低随机介质模型在离散网格数值计算方法误差。在此基础上,推导了探地雷达递推阻抗反演的基本流程并结合随机介质模型测试了该方法在复杂介质参数估计中的计算精度。最后,对内蒙地区的实测探地雷达数据利用递推阻抗反演方法来估计地下污染物参数,估计介电常数、含水量结果与钻孔实测数据和同期开展的电阻率成像结果有很好的吻合。说明基于递推阻抗反演方法在探地雷达复杂介质属性参数估计中具有很好的应用前景。 相似文献
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《地球物理学进展》2016,(4)
裂缝是沥青混凝土公路路面的常见病害,为了研究沥青混凝土中隐含裂缝的宽度与其探地雷达波场之间的对应变化关系,本文基于各结构层沥青混凝土的多相离散随机介质模型参数,应用量化约束多相离散随机介质模型建模算法,构建了与公路各结构层实际情况更相符的多相离散随机介质三维模型,并基于商用探地雷达蝶形天线三维模型,数值模拟与对比分析了探地雷达波在多相离散随机介质和均匀介质中的传播特征,研究了探地雷达波场随裂缝宽度变化的函数关系.研究结果表明:探地雷达波在多相离散随机介质中发生了散射,致使其数值模拟剖面具有明显的随机扰动特征和"噪声",降低了探地雷达对裂缝的成像能力;随着裂缝宽度由窄变宽,其在探地雷达剖面图上的横向异常宽度差异较小,但裂缝顶端绕射波振幅强度与裂缝宽度之间具有明显的规律性,这为探地雷达定量估算公路结构层隐含裂缝宽度提供了理论依据. 相似文献
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机载探地雷达可以用于人类无法到达的危险地区、植被严重覆盖的地下目标体探测,然而由于机载探地雷达的特殊性,影响机载探地雷达探测效果的因素包括天线的极化方向、天线的飞行高度以及地表粗糙度等.为了研究这些影响因素与探测效果之间的关系,用三维时间域有限差分模拟电磁波的传播过程,以沙漠地区地下空洞掩体的机载探地雷达探测为实例,分别模拟了不同天线极化方向、天线高度及地表粗糙度情况下的机载探地雷达剖面,分析了各因素对机载探地雷达探测地下空洞目标体的影响.天线极化方向与目标体走向垂直更有利于地下目标体探测;天线距离地表越近,可以获得更高分辨率的雷达剖面;沙漠地表起伏越大,雷达剖面中的散射杂波能量越强,浅部地下目标体信号容易被掩盖.为了消除起伏地形造成的散射杂波,提出用逆时偏移成像技术对共炮集机载探地雷达数据进行偏移成像,成像结果优于基尔霍夫偏移成像结果. 相似文献
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Dryver Huston Jing Qiong Hu Kenneth Maser William Weedon Chris Adam 《Journal of Applied Geophysics》2000,43(2-4)
Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) has been investigated as a non-destructive method for evaluating damage in concrete structures. However, the commercially available techniques are limited to detection of gross quantities of deterioration, due to the limited resolution of the system. The objective of this research is to evaluate a ground penetrating radar system with a novel Good Impedance Match Antenna (GIMA) for concrete structural assessment. This system has the capacity to detect concrete cracks as small as 1 mm thick, while being able to reflect from and detect features at depths of up to 360 mm. Laboratory results of testing of the GIMA antenna by using a step-frequency and a high-frequency impulse system are presented. The experimental results reveal that the GIMA antenna is capable for use in frequency ranges, at least as broad as 500 Mhz to 6 GHz for the step-frequency and 1 to 16 GHz for the high-frequency impulse system. 相似文献
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X. Drobert C. Fauchard Cte E. Le Brusq E. Guillanton J. Y. Dauvignac Pichot 《Journal of Applied Geophysics》2001,47(3-4)
In the field of road construction and maintenance, the need for information on the thickness of very thin road layers is not satisfied by means of commercial pulse GPR, due to the inability of such devices to operate over ranges of several gigahertz. As a result, research has focused on the design of a step-frequency radar technique, able to work with very high-frequency synthetic pulses.An ultrawide band antenna, belonging to the family of Vivaldi antennas, has been developed for road applications. It has been created using stripline technology and yields a band width greater than one decade. During an initial step, this antenna was tested on various bituminous concrete samples with a network analyzer. Different parameters were studied, including band width, offset between antennas, and height and shape of the frequency-dependent pulse.A second step involved GPR dynamic measurements. A customized software program enabled recording data from the network analyzer. Several radar profiles were developed from selected road construction and maintenance test sites (e.g. the Circular Pavement Fatigue Test Track, composed of a number of known structures). Results show improved resolution when compared to a commercial impulse GPR system. 相似文献
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Ground penetrating radar (GPR) is currently within the scope of China's Chang-E 3 lunar mission, to study the shallow subsurface of the Moon. In this study, key factors that could affect a lunar GPR performance, such as frequency, range resolution, and antenna directivity, are discussed firstly. Geometrical optics and ray tracing techniques are used to model GPR echoes, considering the transmission, attenuation, reflection, geometrical spreading of radar waves, and the antenna directivity. The influence on A-scope GPR echoes and on the simulated radargrams for the Sinus Iridum region by surface and subsurface roughness, dielectric loss of the lunar regolith, radar frequency and bandwidth, and the distance between the transmit and receive antennas are discussed. Finally, potential scientific return about lunar subsurface properties from GPR echoes is also discussed. Simulation results suggest that subsurface structure from several to hundreds of meters can be studied from GPR echoes at P and VHF bands, and information about dielectric permittivity and thickness of subsurface layers can be estimated from GPR echoes in combination with regolith composition data. 相似文献
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Christian Jaedicke 《Surveys in Geophysics》2003,24(5-6):431-445
Ground penetrating radar (GPR) systems can be used in many applications of snow and ice research. The information from the GPR is used to identify and interpret layers, objects and different structures in the snow. A commercially available GPR system was further developed to work in the rough environment of snow and ice. The applied GPR is a 900 MHz system that easily reaches snow depths of up to 10 meters. The system was calibrated in the course of several manual snow depth measurements during each survey. The depth resolution depends on the snow type and is around ±0.1 m. The GPR system is carried alongside a line of interest and is triggered by an odometer wheel at regular adjustable steps. All equipment is mounted in a sledge and is pulled by a snowmobile over the snow surface. This setup allows for an efficient coverage of several kilometers of terrain profiles. The radar profiles give a real time two-dimensional impression of structures and objects and the interface between snow and the underlying ground. The actual radar profile is shown on a screen on the sledge allowing the immediate marking of objects and structures. During the past three years the instrument was successfully used for the study of snow distributions, for the detection of glacier crevasses under the snow cover, and for the search of avalanche victims in avalanche debris. The results show the capability of the instrument to detect persons and objects in the snow cover. In the future, this device may be a new tool for avalanche rescue operations. Today, the size and weight of the system prevents the accessing of very steep slopes and areas not accessible to snowmobiles. Further developments will decrease the size of the system and make it a valuable tool to quantify snow masses in avalanche release zones and run-out areas. 相似文献
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Finding the strike direction of fractures using GPR 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Soon Jee Seol Jung-Ho Kim † Yoonho Song‡ Seung-Hwan Chung§ 《Geophysical Prospecting》2001,49(3):300-308
GPR reflection energy varies with antenna orientation relative to the strike and dip of the reflector. This directional dependence of GPR responses was investigated through numerical experiments and was used to estimate the azimuth of fractures and joints. Three antenna configurations were considered in this study: perpendicular-broadside (YY mode), parallel-broadside (XX mode) and cross-polarization (YX mode). The reflection energy in the cross-polarization mode shows a shape characteristic similar to the strike, regardless of the dip angle. Those in the other two modes show quite different amplitudes from the strike, depending on the dip angle. We have developed a strike-direction-finding scheme using data obtained from the three different modes for the same survey line. The azimuth angle of each reflector was displayed in colour on the GPR profile. This scheme was applied to a field survey at a granite quarry in southern Korea. The GPR profiles showed different images of the reflectors depending on the antenna configuration. The estimated azimuths of reflectors obtained using our scheme matched fairly well with those of known fractures and joints. 相似文献