共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 140 毫秒
1.
《世界地震工程》2010,(Z1)
地震土压力的评价是土力学和岩土工程领域的基本研究课题之一。以往的研究结果表明,挡墙的位移量和位移模式对于地震土压力大小和分布具有显著影响。实际工程中,地震荷载下挡土墙后填土通常处于主动和被动状态之间。经典的物部-冈部公式只能计算主动和被动极限状态下的地震土压力,未考虑填土的侧向变形对于土压力的影响。文中基于拟静力法和曲面中间滑楔体的概念,给出了挡墙平动模式时,任意侧向变形条件下的被动侧地震土压力计算方法。在此基础上采用所提方法对一典型的挡土墙系统的被动侧地震土压力进行了计算,给出了地震土压力系数的计算图表,并与基于平面滑动面假定的计算结果进行了对比,讨论了平面滑动面所导致的误差。 相似文献
2.
《地震工程与工程振动》2016,(5)
物部理论认为地震主动土压力呈线性分布,而且作用点位于墙底以上1/3高度处,与实测结果相差较大。基于库仑土压力理论的平面滑裂面假定,根据挡土墙后滑裂土体的力矩平衡,引入了土体对地震的放大效应,提出了地震主动土压力作用点位置的确定方法,给出了地震主动土压力强度的理论公式,并分析了地震放大系数对地震主动土压力及其分布的影响。结果表明,如果不考虑地震放大系数,地震主动土压力值与物部理论的计算结果基本相同,可见物部理论是本文方法的一种特例;地震主动土压力作用点都位于墙底以上0.40~0.50倍高度处,与试验结果比较吻合,说明物部理论有待进一步完善;地震主动土压力强度是一种作用等价的非线性分布,沿墙高的分布形式接近于抛物线,最大值也不再恒定于墙底,在挡土墙的稳定性设计时应予以重视。 相似文献
3.
地震土压力评价是挡土墙抗震设计的关键问题之一.以往的研究结果表明,挡墙上地震土压力的大小及分布与墙体的侧向位移或者墙后填土的侧向变形密切相关.经典的物部-冈部地震土压力公式可计算填土处于主动与被动状态的极限平衡条件下的土压力,未考虑挡墙侧向位移或填土侧向变形对土压力的影响.在研究土压力系数随应变增量比变化规律的基础上,本文指出土压力系数与挡土墙位移量之间不存在唯一性关系,发现正常固结填土的土压力系数与以应变增量比表述的填土侧向应变约束条件之间具有良好的唯一性,揭示了压剪耦合效应是土压力形成的物理本质;基于上述的唯一性关系和中间土楔等概念,提出了可考虑填土侧向变形的地震土压力实用计算方法,并通过土压力模型试验结果初步验证了该方法的合理性. 相似文献
4.
地下综合管廊大型振动台模型试验研究 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
针对地下综合管廊缺乏抗震研究的现状,开展了地下综合管廊大型振动台模型试验研究。试验中除对通常的地下结构振动台试验中常规地震响应进行了测量外,还测量了模型场地水平位移、模型结构的层间位移、模型结构内钢筋应变。同时,通过自行设计的接触面土体滑移传感器测量了结构顶板接触面土体滑移。本文对模型结构的动力响应以及接触面和周围土体地震响应规律进行了分析。结果表明：在地震作用下地下综合管廊的地震加速度响应服从周围土体的地震响应,其响应幅值不会大于周围土体的加速度响应幅值;结构内力最大部位出现在结构的角部,并且内力随着地震动强度的增加而增大;地下综合管廊接触面土压总体上随着地震动强度的增加而增大,侧板和顶、底板的土压力分布模式不同;在水平地震作用下,地下综合管廊会产生顶、底板之间的相对位移,同时伴随着横截面内的刚体转动;地下综合管廊壁板与土接触面的作用力是结构产生内力的直接原因,其中侧壁土压起主要作用。 相似文献
5.
本文在已有研究成果的基础上,根据库伦土压力的计算原理,从滑动土楔处于极限平衡状态时力的平衡条件出发,考虑实际地震中对挡土墙稳定性最不利的情况,推导出了计算黏性土或无黏性土主动土压力的公式。该公式适用于均布荷载作用于挡土墙后任意位置。对地震多发区考虑水平惯性力作用下重力式挡土墙设计中土压力的计算具有一定参考价值。 相似文献
6.
《世界地震工程》2016,(2)
二级悬臂式挡墙由2个单级悬臂式挡墙呈上下砌垛方式组成。该结构不仅具有单级挡墙型式简单、占地少、对地基承载力要求不高、经济指标好和施工方便等一系列的特点,而且弥补了单级挡墙限制高度的缺点,同时具有重力式挡墙的一些优点,在工程中逐步得到了应用。以库伦土压力理论为基础结合物部-冈部法分别计算了峰值加速度为0.2g、0.3g和0.4g时,二级悬臂式挡墙在分级墙背理论和整体墙背理论下,上墙和下墙的地震主动土压力,并与同高度的单级悬臂式挡墙地震土压力进行了比较。结果表明:二级悬臂式挡墙受力更优,是1种较优的抗震支挡结构,分析结果可为二级悬臂式挡土墙的抗震设计提供参考。 相似文献
7.
利用Davidenkov模型对宁波深厚软土地区土动力试验数据进行拟合分析,确定相关拟合参数,结果表明该模型能较好地描述软土的动剪切模量和动阻尼比随动剪应变的变化规律。然后,基于等价线性化方法以及ANSYS软件的APDL语言进行简单的二次开发,编写Davidenkov模型计算程序,并利用经典的SHAKE软件进行验证,结果表明该程序计算结果很好,能解决目前商业软件中缺乏合适的土体非线性动力本构模型的不足。最后,利用开发的模型计算分析宁波深厚软土的地震响应规律,并与规范推荐的简化计算公式进行比较分析,结果表明规范推荐的公式得到的土体响应偏大,对于地下结构的抗震设计偏于保守。研究成果对确定深厚软土地区土体动力特性及其地震响应研究提供了合理的计算方法。 相似文献
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以山东海阳核电一期取水沟道工程为背景,采用动力时程反应分析方法,利用非线性有限差分软件FLAC3D建立三维土体-结构模型,分析该核电站取水沟道进、出口部位在自重、外水压力、土压力、温度、水锤压力、地震等荷载效应组合下的内力变化情况。通过编制FLAC3D程序并结合五点公式计算衬砌结构的内力,对该核电取水沟道进、出水口部位进行抗震分析。计算结果表明温度荷载、水锤压力以及地震荷载对沟道进出口部位内力影响显著,设计施工时应对薄弱截面进行加密配筋处理。本文的计算方法和分析成果可为核电厂取水沟道地震反应分析以及其他类似结构设计提供参考。 相似文献
11.
土体-结构界面接触对地下结构动力反应的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
迄今为止,关于土体与结构交界面的接触效应对地下结构地震反应的影响尚未引起研究者们的重视,成果鲜有报道。本文基于接触面对法和非线性有限元波动分析方法,建立了考虑土体与结构界面接触效应的地下结构非线性地震反应分析模型和计算方法,并利用大型有限元软件ANSYS进行了求解。分析结果表明：土体与结构界面的接触效应对地下结构地震反应有明显影响,可能增大地下结构节点的峰值加速度、峰值位移和峰值应力反应;随着接触摩擦系数的增大,接触点的相对滑移逐渐减小,而接触应力的变化则无明显规律。 相似文献
12.
The paper focuses on seismic sliding displacement calculations of gravity wall bridge abutments when subjected to passive condition during earthquakes. Pseudo-dynamic approach has been used for the calculation of the passive seismic earth pressure. A novel element of the present investigation is the computation of seismic passive earth pressure coefficients by considering the composite curved rupture surface behind the abutment wall in the framework of limit equilibrium method. Sliding failure along the wall base is considered in the new pseudo-dynamic method. The critical seismic acceleration coefficient for sliding and sliding component of the displacement, resulting from horizontal and vertical sinusoidal ground accelerations, are computed by using Newmark's sliding block method. The effect of sliding on the response of earth structures is evaluated and comparisons are made between sliding displacements calculated using planar and composite failure mechanisms. Results of the comparative study showed that the assumption of planar failure mechanism for rough soil–wall interfaces significantly overestimates the critical seismic accelerations for sliding and underestimates the sliding displacements. 相似文献
13.
Seismic analysis of deep tunnels in near fault conditions: a case study in Southern Italy 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Mirko Corigliano Laura Scandella Carlo G. Lai Roberto Paolucci 《Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering》2011,9(4):975-995
The importance of underground structures in transportation and utility networks makes their vulnerability to earthquakes a
sensitive issue. Underground facilities are usually less vulnerable to earthquakes compared to above-ground structures, but
the associated risk may be relevant, since even a low level of damage may affect the serviceability of a wide network. Seismic
analysis of tunnels close to seismogenic faults is a complex problem, which is often neglected at the design stage for the
lack of specific codes or guidelines for the design of underground structures in seismic conditions and also because, as mentioned
above, underground structures are considered less vulnerable to earthquake loading. This paper investigates the seismic response
of deep tunnels focusing on the required steps for a proper design under both static and dynamic loading. The study aims at
contributing to improve the methods currently used for the seismic analysis of underground structures. At this purpose, the
seismic response of a deep tunnel in Southern Italy has been investigated along the transversal direction. The infrastructure
is part of the railway switch line connecting Caserta to Foggia in the Southern Apennines which is one of the most active
seismic regions in Italy. The seismic response in the transversal direction has been analysed by using the pseudo-static approach
as well as through advanced numerical modeling using the spectral element method coupled with a kinematic approach for finite
fault simulations. The pseudo-static approach has been implemented using a closed-form analytical solution. The results obtained
from advanced numerical modeling and the pseudo-static method have been compared to assess their validity and limitations. 相似文献
14.
《地震研究进展（英文）》2022,2(4):100155
When the sliding bearing is fixed only at the top of the middle column of the underground structure, the cracks at the side end of the middle plate should be aggravated while the seismic damage of the mid-column should be alleviated. To enhance the seismic performance of the mid-plate, a new isolation design method has been mentioned while the elastic sliding bearings are set at the top of the mid-columns and between the side end of the mid-plate and the side wall at the same time. By establishing a nonlinear finite element analysis model for the static-dynamic coupling interaction system, the seismic response characteristics of the cast-in-place station structure without a sliding bearing have been analyzed and compared with those of the station structure with the sliding bearing fixed only at the top of the middle columns, and those of the station structure with sliding bearing be fixed between the mid-plate and the sidewall at the same time. The results show that the new isolation station structures suffer fewer earthquake damages at the mid-plate and mid-columns at the same time, which can improve the overall seismic performance of the subway station structure. 相似文献
15.
黄土地区地铁地下结构抗震研究综述 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
介绍了地铁地下结构抗震研究的发展历史、研究现状及黄土地区地铁地下结构抗震的相关研究,总结归纳出地震作用下地铁地下结构的地震破坏形式与地震反应特征;对地铁地下结构的不同抗震研究方法进行对比研究,指出各种研究方法的优缺点与适用情况。针对我国黄土地区地铁地下结构抗震分析理论研究不足,基础资料积累欠缺,抗震设计尚无可靠依据的实际情况,探讨了黄土动力本构模型、黄土与结构动力相互作用、离心机振动台试验研究及抗震分析方法等因素对黄土地区地铁地下结构抗震研究可靠性的影响,提出黄土地区地铁地下结构地震动力反应分析、地震破坏机理分析、抗震性能分析及抗震设计中需要深入研究的关键问题。 相似文献
16.
An improved pseudo-static method for seismic resistant design of underground structures 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
This paper describes a commonly used pseudo-static method in seismic resistant design of the cross section of underground structures. Based on dynamic theory and the vibration characteristics of underground structures, the sources of errors when using this method are analyzed. The traditional seismic motion loading approach is replaced by a method in which a one-dimensional soil layer response stress is differentiated and then converted into seismic live loads. To validate the improved method, a comparison of analytical results is conducted for internal forces under earthquake shaking of a typical shallow embedded box-shaped subway station structure using four methods： the response displacement method, finite element response acceleration method, the finite element dynamic analysis method and the improved pseudo-static calculation method. It is shown that the improved finite element pseudo-static method proposed in this paper provides an effective tool for the seismic design of underground structures. The evaluation yields results close to those obtained by the finite element dynamic analysis method, and shows that the improved finite element pseudo-static method provides a higher degree of precision. 相似文献
17.
The sliding block theory was proposed by Newmark for determining the permanent displacement of embankments and dams under earthquake loading. This paper highlights recent applications of sliding block theory to different geotechnical structures. The equations to determine seismic factor of safety, yield acceleration and permanent displacement are given for rock block, soil slope, landfill cover, geosynthetic-reinforced soil retaining wall, and composite breakwater. The presented equations for seismic stability degenerate to that of static stability in the absence of earthquake. The permanent displacement for various structures can be obtained from that of a horizontal sliding block through a correction factor. A simplified procedure is included for the permanent displacement under vertical acceleration. The sliding block approach is rational for design under high seismic load. 相似文献
18.
《地震研究进展（英文）》2022,2(4):100171
A design procedure for improving the seismic performance of unequal-span underground structures by installing isolation devices at the top end of columns is proposed based on the seismic failure mode of frame-type underground structures and the design concept of critical support columns. A two-dimensional finite element model (FEM) for a soil-underground structure with an unequal-span interaction system was established to shed light on the effects of a complex subway station with elastic sliding bearings (ESB) and lead rubber bearings (LRB) on seismic mitigation. It was found that the stiffness and internal force distribution of the underground structure changed remarkably with the installation of isolation devices at the top end of the columns. The constraints of the beam-column joints were significantly weakened, resulting in a decrease in the overall lateral stiffness and an increase in the structural lateral displacement. The introduction of the isolation device effectively reduces the internal force and seismic damage of the frame column; however, the tensile damage to the isolation structure, such as the roof, bottom plate, and sidewall, significantly increased compared to those of the non-isolation structure. Although the relative slip of the ESB remains within a controllable range under strong earthquake excitation as well as frame columns with stable vertical support and self-restoration functions, the LRB shows a better performance during seismic failure and better lateral displacement response of the unequal-span underground structure. The analysis results provide new ideas and references for promoting the application of seismic isolation technology in underground structures. 相似文献
19.
以往对平面破坏模式的岩质边坡稳定性评价,主要关注潜在滑坡体在自重、坡体内静水压力和地震荷载耦合作用下沿破坏面的抗滑稳定性,并未涉及各类外荷载作用线不通过潜在滑体重心而引起的绕坡趾倾覆稳定性。针对这一问题,提出地震与张裂缝水压耦合作用下的岩质边坡倾覆稳定性解析方法,基于力矩平衡原理推导出岩质边坡抗倾覆稳定性系数的一般表达式;通过深入的变动参数比较研究,探讨张裂缝水压和地震荷载对抗倾覆安全系数的影响,认为水压是控制岩质边坡倾覆破坏的决定性因素,而地震荷载处于次要因素,其在一定程度上增加或减小抗倾覆稳定性。在此基础上建立不同参数组合下的岩质边坡抗倾覆稳定图,为工程技术人员快速评估饱水岩质边坡地震倾覆稳定性提供直接依据。 相似文献