共查询到17条相似文献，搜索用时 343 毫秒
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《世界地震工程》2016,(4)
利用气雾腐蚀箱对城市近海大气环境进行了模拟。对近海大气环境中不同锈蚀程度的钢材试件进行了拉伸试验,并获得了钢材力学性能(屈服强度、极限强度、伸长率和弹性模量)随失重率增大的退化规律。利用钢材力学性能退化规律,建立了钢框架结构的时变整体地震损伤模型。基于ABAQUS数值模拟,同时考虑结构与地震动的不确定性,建立了4个不同龄期(0年、20年、35年、50年)6层钢框架结构的有限元模型,以PGA作为地震动强度指标,以结构整体损伤为地震需求指标,对模型进行了随机IDA分析,并在IDA分析结果的基础上对结构进行了多龄期钢框架结构地震易损性分析。研究结果表明,随着龄期的增长,结构失效概率逐渐增大,且在同一损伤状态下,结构失效概率的增量也逐渐增大;龄期对结构失效概率的影响随损伤程度的增加而增大。 相似文献
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为准确评估锈蚀钢框架在地震作用下的损伤,对已有的地震损伤模型进行改进,并对框架柱的地震损伤特性进行分析。建立基于变形和能量组合的双参数损伤模型,对损伤模型中相应的参数给出具体定义和表达式,定义不同破坏等级的损伤指数范围。对3个具有不同锈蚀率的空间钢框架结构进行弹塑性时程分析,并对损伤模型的准确性进行验证。研究结果表明,该模型能够较好地描述锈蚀钢框架柱的地震损伤程度。研究结果可为该类结构构件的地震损伤评估以及基于损伤的抗震设计方法的建立提供理论依据。 相似文献
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对3种不同厚度的钢材标准试件进行酸性大气环境气雾加速腐蚀试验,并对锈蚀后的试件进行单向拉伸试验,得到钢材力学性能随失重率的衰变规律。同时考虑构件截面削弱与材料力学性能降低,建立不同锈蚀程度下的钢框架有限元分析模型,利用非线性静力推覆分析得到锈蚀钢框架结构的整体初始刚度随锈蚀程度增大的退化规律,以表征结构因锈蚀造成的损伤。提出同时反映最大变形效应和累积耗能效应的双参数结构整体地震损伤模型,并在此损伤模型的基础上集合钢材材性试验结果及有限元分析结果,提出适用于锈蚀钢结构的"时变"损伤模型。对比分析以层间位移角及时变损伤模型为性能指标建立的不同龄期钢框架结构的地震易损性曲线,结果表明:随着锈蚀程度的增加,在相同地震动强度下结构超越某一极限状态的失效概率均增大。 相似文献
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型钢混凝土框架结构基于增量动力分析的抗震性能评估 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
增量动力分析(IDA)是进行结构抗震性能评估的一种有效方法。根据IDA方法的原理和特点,提出用其评估型钢混凝土(SRC)结构在不同强度地震作用下变形和延性能力的具体步骤,并将结构不同性能水平极限状态和IDA曲线的斜率联系起来,结合现有试验确定各性能水准对应的曲线斜率下降幅值。在所提混凝土和钢材本构模型的基础上,采用IDA方法对一规则SRC框架结构进行分析,研究结构在各性能水平的层间位移角和延性分布情况,单条和多条地震记录的IDA曲线表明,SRC框架在多条地震记录下均具有良好的抗震性能。 相似文献
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性能化抗震是工程抗震研究的重要方向。根据位移性能水准，计算不同周期结构达到性能水准时所需输入的最大地震动加速度值，建立性态谱；基于性态谱，研究自振周期、恢复力模型和第二刚度折减系数等特征参数对性态谱的影响。研究表明:性态谱表征了周期、性能水准和地震需求的三维谱关系，可预测达到不同性能水准时结构的地震需求；结构自振周期和第二刚度折减系数在短周期段对性态谱有显著影响，随结构自振周期的增大，谱值差别减小；双线型恢复力模型是否退化影响达到相同变形目标时的地震需求，退化模型性态谱谱值小于非退化模型。 相似文献
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This study explores seismic performance of steel frame buildings with SMA-based self-centering bracing systems using a probabilistic approach. The self-centering bracing system described in this study relies on superelastic response of large-diameter cables. The bracing systems is designed such that the SMA cables are always stressed in tension. A four-story steel frame building characterized until collapse in previous research is selected as a case-study building. The selected steel frame building is designed with SMA bracing systems considering various design parameters for SMA braces. Numerical models of these buildings are developed by taking into account the ultimate state of structural components and SMA braces as well as the effect of gravity frames on lateral load resistance. Nonlinear static analyses are conducted to assess the seismic characteristics of each frame and to examine the effect of SMA brace failure on the seismic load carrying capacity of SMA-braced frames. Incremental dynamic analyses (IDA) are performed to compute seismic response of the designed frames at various seismic intensity levels. The results of IDA are used to develop probabilistic seismic demand models for peak inter-story and residual inter-story drifts. Seismic demand hazard curves of peak and residual inter-story drifts are generated by convolving the ground motion hazard with the probabilistic seismic demand models. Results show that steel frames designed with SMA bracing systems provide considerably lower probability of reaching at a damage state level associated with residual drifts compared to a similarly designed steel moment resisting frame, especially for seismic events with high return periods. This indicates reduced risks for the demolition and collapse due to excessive residual drifts for SMA braced steel frames. 相似文献
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为研究黏滞阻尼器对高层钢结构地震易损性的影响,基于Open SEES有限元分析平台,建立一个25层钢框架结构以及同尺寸附着黏滞阻尼器的钢框架结构,对两个钢框架结构以地震动峰值加速度(PGA)作为地震动强度指标,以结构最大层间位移角θmax为工程需求参数,从太平洋地震工程研究中心(PEER)中选取了15条地震动记录,分别对两个结构进行增量动力分析(Incremental Dynamic Analysis,IDA),建立结构的IDA曲线簇。结合地震易损性分析,对分析结果进行对数拟合,构筑两个结构的连续易损性曲线,并进一步提出用贝塔分布函数将结果转化为地震动参数-震害指数概率密度函数的概率表达方式,可以更加直观简便地观察到黏滞阻尼器显著的减震效果。该表达方法具有直观性,研究成果可为既有结构的地震灾害风险评估等提供简明且有力的分析方法。 相似文献
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传统的竹（木）框架结构因其抗侧力性能差，导致地震灾害下损失较大。在竹（木）框架中增设对角预应力拉索，可以有效地提高其抗侧刚度。为研究重组竹框架结构中对角预应力拉索对结构抗震失效概率，采用增量动力分析（IDA）对其易损性进行分析。通过定义3个性能水平，以地震峰值加速度作为地震强度指标，结构的层间位移角作为结构响应参数，分析得到无对角预应力拉索的重组竹框架的地震易损性曲线。最后分析对角预应力拉索对重组竹框架，得到2种预应力水平下的地震易损性曲线，并与无对角预应力拉索的重组竹框架的地震易损性曲线进行了对比，研究对角预应力拉索对重组竹框架地震易损性的影响。 相似文献
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K. D. Pitilakis S. T. Karapetrou S. D. Fotopoulou 《Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering》2014,12(4):1755-1776
At present, the seismic vulnerability assessment of reinforced concrete (RC) buildings is made considering fixed base conditions; moreover, the mechanical properties of the building remain intact in time. In this study we investigate whether these two fundamental hypotheses are sound as aging and soil-structure interaction (SSI) effects might play a crucial role in the seismic fragility analysis of RC structures. Among the various aging processes, we consider the chloride-induced corrosion based on probabilistic modeling of corrosion initiation time and corrosion rate. Different corrosion aspects are considered in the analysis including the loss of reinforcement cross-sectional area, the degradation of concrete cover and the reduction of steel ultimate deformation. SSI is modeled by applying the direct one-step approach, which accounts simultaneously for inertial and kinematic interactions. Two-dimensional incremental dynamic analysis is performed to assess the seismic performance of the initial uncorroded ( \(\hbox {t}=0\) years) and corroded ( \(\hbox {t}=50\) years) RC moment resisting frame structures, having been designed with different seismic code levels. The time-dependent fragility functions are derived in terms of the spectral acceleration at the fundamental mode of the structure \(\hbox {S}_{\mathrm{a}}(\hbox {T}_{1}\) , 5 %) and the outcropping peak ground acceleration for the immediate occupancy and collapse prevention limit states. Results show an overall increase in seismic vulnerability over time due to corrosion highlighting the important influence of deterioration due to aging effects on the structural behavior. Moreover, the consideration of SSI and site effects may significantly alter the expected structural performance leading to higher vulnerability values. 相似文献
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利用钢筋混凝土柱的试验结果,验证OpenSees程序用于钢筋混凝土结构非线性分析的可行性。以此为基础,对钢筋混凝土框架结构在远场地震、近场非脉冲地震与近场脉冲地震作用的性能进行非线性时程分析,研究框架结构在三类地震作用下的反应以及二阶效应对结构反应的影响。针对近场脉冲地震对结构进行增量动力分析(IDA)和易损性分析,分别得到结构的IDA曲线、易损性曲线和近场脉冲地震作用下二阶效应对结构抗震性能的影响。分析结果表明,在三类地震作用下,近场脉冲地震导致的二阶效应对结构抗震性能的影响最为显著,结构抗震设计中宜考虑二阶效应的影响。 相似文献
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Uncertainties in structural engineering are often arising from the modeling assumptions and errors, or from variability in input loadings. A practical approach for dealing with them is to perform sensitivity and uncertainty analysis in the framework of stochastic and probabilistic methods. These analyses can be statically and dynamically performed through nonlinear static pushover and IDA techniques, respectively. Of the existing structures, concrete gravity dams are infrastructures which may encounter many uncertainties. In this research, probabilistic analysis of the seismic performance of gravity dams is presented. The main characteristics of the nonlinear tensile behavior of mass concrete, along with the intensity of earthquake excitations are considered as random variables in the probabilistic analysis. Using the tallest non‐overflow monolith of the Pine Flat gravity dam as a case study, its response under static and dynamic situations is reliably examined utilizing different combinations of parameters in the material and the seismic loading. The sensitivity analysis reveals the relative importance of each parameter independently. It will be shown that the undamaged modulus of elasticity and tensile strength of mass concrete have more significant roles on the seismic resistance of the dam than the ultimate inelastic tensile strain. In order to propagate the parametric uncertainty to the actual seismic performance of the dam, probabilistic simulation methods such as Monte Carlo simulation with Latin hypercube sampling, and approximate moment estimation techniques will be used. The final results illustrate the possibility of using a mean‐parameter dam model to estimate the mean seismic performance of the dam. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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为了提高装配式钢构建筑梁柱的抗震性能,设计一种变截面交叉柔性力学模型进行截面抗震性的预应力评估。方法中采用极限承载力约束进行抗震性分析,引入抗弯刚度软化系数进行误差修正,求出钢构建筑梁柱的荷载作用力矩,通过应力评估和结构解耦性设计,实现钢构建筑梁柱的抗震性评估。构建以钢材强度、延性指标和钢框架地震易损特征为约束参量的抗震性能分析函数,建立装配式钢构建筑梁柱开裂初始预应力预测方法,实现装配式钢构建筑梁柱预应力的准确评估。试验结果表明,所提模型能够对装配式钢构建筑梁柱的应力应变关系、屈服强度以及极限承载力进行准确计算,提高配式钢构建筑梁柱的抗震性能。 相似文献