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1.
The time of deposition of the Makapansgat Limeworks site in South Africa, containing several hominid fossils, has an important bearing on hominid phylogeny in Africa. Hence, in an attempt to determine this age, a palaeomagnetic analysis of the site has been performed and the results are reported here. Member 3 (from which most of the important hominid fossils have been recovered) appears to have an age greater than 2.90 Ma and possibly greater than 3.06 Ma but less than 3.32 Ma. Previously it has not been possible to delineate the age of this important member with any degree of accuracy. The most likely position for the underlying Member 2 is in that section of the Gauss normal epoch predating the Mammoth event and having age limits of 3.06–3.32 Ma.  相似文献   

2.
Based on its microstructure, Co-rich crust A1-1 from seamount Allison, central Pacific, was scraped at averaged interval of 1.3 mm to measure osmium isotopic composition, and subsequently to establish the 187Os/188Os profile of scraping section of the crust. By observing the variation of 187Os/188Os under 10Be chronology and matching it to the well-known seawater Os isotope evolution of the past 40 Ma, two growth hiatuses (H1 and H2) occurring in the periods respectively between 13.6 and 29.6 Ma and between 8 and 9.8 Ma in the crust were recognized. According to the two hiatuses, the dating scheme for each scraped layer of the crust was suggested. For the upper layers younger than 6.8Ma, their growth ages were calibrated under 10Be chronology; for the lower layers older than 6.8Ma, their growth ages were obtained from 187Os/188Os evaluation curve by linear interpolation. Hereby, the age for the most inner layer of the crust was determined to be 39.5 Ma. H1 and H2 exactly correspond to the boundary between phosphatization and non-phosphatization and volcanic ash layer in the crust, respectively.  相似文献   

3.
We present an integrated stratigraphic study of cyclically bedded distal alluvial fan to lacustrine deposits in the late Miocene continental sections of Cascante and Cañizar (Teruel basin, NE Spain). The cyclostratigraphic analysis reveals that different scales of sedimentary cyclicity are present with a thickness ratio of about 1:2:5. Spectral analysis of colour records in the depth domain indicates the presence of a significant peak at ∼2.2 m, which corresponds to the average thickness of the basic, mudstone-carbonate, cycle. Other peaks correspond to the large-scale cycle, which consists of clusters of five basic cycles, and to a cycle twice the average thickness of the basic cycle. Magnetostratigraphic results, in combination with small-mammal biostratigraphy, indicate that the three normal polarity intervals recorded in our sections correspond to C5n.2n, C5n.1n and C4Ar.2n. Assigning the ages of CK95 to the polarity reversals implies significant changes in sedimentation rate, which is not in agreement with the regularity of the sedimentary cyclicity. Thus, spectral analysis of high-resolution colour records in the time domain only produce a spectrum that is consistent with Milankovitch climate forcing, if several of the assigned age tie points are excluded. This indicates that the sedimentary cyclicity in these sections is related to astronomical variations in climate and that the ages of reversal boundaries are in error. Hence, we have calculated the astronomical durations for C4Ar.2n (87 ky), C4Ar.3r (54 ky), C5n.1n (141 ky), and C5n.1r (33 ky), which indeed show significant discrepancies with CK95. The duration pattern of our polarity intervals is confirmed by seafloor anomaly profiles and magnetostratigraphic records of deep-sea cores. Consequently, this study demonstrates that astronomically forcing in continental sequences can be a powerful tool to improve the fundamental dating of the geological record.  相似文献   

4.
临夏盆地毛沟剖面高分辨率粒度记录研究表明,29-7.4Ma间,临夏盆地的古气候一直保持相对稳定,而其中短暂的沉积相的改变是盆地对该期间青藏高原构造隆升事件的响应;从7.4Ma开始,流域外的风尘物质开始逐步被带人盆地,并经过了6.4Ma和5.3Ma的两次加速过程,揭示了我国西北内陆干旱气候可能从7.4Ma左右开始,且在6.4Ma和5.3Ma左右经过两次加强.通过与青藏高原构造隆升事件记录和全球气候记录对比。揭示高原在9-7Ma开始的逐步隆升和期后的阶段性加速隆升以及同期开始的全球变冷,尤其北极冰盖的形成和扩张可能是亚洲内陆干旱化的重要驱动机制.  相似文献   

5.
华北克拉通破坏的重要标志是岩石圈减薄、地幔性质转变以及伸展构造活动.长期以来这一重大地质事件发生的时代备受关注,目前已有大量地质、地球物理和地球化学研究结果,但对于华北克拉通破坏的准确时代,尚存争议.本文试图从地磁学的角度为华北克拉通破坏时代提供可靠约束.选取位于华北克拉通北缘的燕山造山带中段-承德盆地作为研究对象.磁性地层学研究结果表明研究剖面记录了三个磁极性段:下部正极性段(N2)、中部负极性段(R1)和上部正极性段(N1),与2004年地磁极性年表对比并结合129～128 Ma的火山岩同位素年龄(与B. Schoene 私人通信),认为剖面下部正极性段(N2)对应于M3n,负极性段(R1)对应于M1r,上部正极性段(N1)对应于M1n,由此得出承德盆地袁家庄剖面沉积作用起始年龄约为128 Ma.作为华北克拉通重要断陷盆地之一,承德盆地的沉积年龄可以为华北克拉通破坏时代提供有力约束.岩石磁学研究结果表明,研究剖面火山岩的剩磁载体十分复杂,可能与伴随华北克拉通破坏峰期出现的地壳变形、岩浆活动、地幔上涌、下地壳重熔等深部动力过程密切相关.综合分析结果表明,华北克拉通破坏的峰期为128～125 Ma.  相似文献   

6.
兰州地区晚第三纪磁性地层与古环境意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文
兰州地区位于黄土高原和青藏高原的过渡带,其第三纪地层对研究风尘沉积发育和青藏高原隆升都有着特殊的意义.本研究以0.5 m间距对兰州盆地皋兰山剖面240 m的晚第三纪地层进行古地磁样品采集,古地磁样品共计422个;以50 ℃为间隔从室温至500 ℃用热退磁仪和超导磁力仪完成了皋兰山剖面样品的系统热退磁和剩磁测量.结果表明皋兰山剖面上部地层的实测极性柱出现2个负极性大段中间夹着4个正极性小段,其特点与Gilbert时的典型特征完全一致,并且两端未完全出露的正极性分别与Chron2A.3n和Chron3An.1n相对应,最终确定皋兰山剖面的年代为6～3.5 Ma.由此推断,皋兰山剖面顶部的五泉砾岩形成大约开始于3.5 Ma,五泉砾岩底界年代的确定,为青藏高原的A幕运动提供了地质证据.皋兰山剖面深度602 m处出现由河湖相砂岩向以风成红粘土为主常夹有薄层砂岩的地层转变,通过岩性地层及年代的推断,兰州地区的风尘序列堆积发育的年代至少为7 Ma,与黄土高原风尘序列堆积底界8～7 Ma基本一致,说明了兰州地区与黄土高原在风尘序列堆积过程中具有统一性.  相似文献   

7.
The cooling history and therefore thermal structure of oceanic lithosphere in slow-spreading environments is, to date, poorly constrained. Application of thermochronometric techniques to rocks from the very slow spreading SW Indian Ridge provide for the first time a direct measure of the age and thermal history of in situ lower oceanic crust. Crystallization of felsic veins (∼850°C) drilled in Hole 735B is estimated at 11.93±0.14 Ma, based on U-Pb analyses of zircon by ion probe. This crystallization age is older than the ‘crustal age’ from remanence inferred from both sea surface and near-bottom magnetic anomaly data gathered over Hole 735B which indicate magnetization between major normal polarity chrons C5n.2n and C5An.1n (10.949-11.935 Ma). 40Ar/39Ar analyses of biotite give plateau ages between 11 and 12 Ma (mean 11.42±0.21 Ma), implying cooling rates of >800°C/m.y. over the first 500,00 years to temperatures below ∼330-400°C. Fission-track ages on zircon (mean 9.35±1.2 Ma) and apatite reveal less rapid cooling to <110°C by ∼7 Ma, some 4-5 m.y. off axis.Comprehensive thermochronometric data from the structurally intact block of gabbro between ∼700 and 1100 m below sea floor suggest that crust traversed by ODP Hole 735B mimics conductive cooling over the temperature range ∼900-330°C, characteristic of a 2-D plate-cooling model for oceanic lithosphere. In contrast, lower temperature chronometers (fission track on zircon, titanite, and apatite; T≤280°C) are not consistent with these predictions and record anomalously high temperatures for crust >700 m below sea floor at 8-10 Ma (i.e. 2-4 m.y. off axis). We offer two hypotheses for this thermal anomaly:
(i)
Off-axis (or asymmetric) magmatism that caused anomalous reheating of the crust preserved in Hole 735B. This postulated magmatic event might be a consequence of the transtension, which affected the Atlantis II transform from ∼19.5 to 7.5 Ma.
(ii)
Late detachment faulting, which led to significant crustal denudation (2.5-3 km removed), further from the ridge axis than conventionally thought.
  相似文献   

8.
The Late Neogene witnessed various major paleoceanographic changes that culminated in intense Northern Hemisphere Glaciation (NHG). The cause and effects of these changes are still debated. We use a multiproxy approach to determine the relative timing of the closure of the Panama gateway, changes in Atlantic circulation, global cooling and ice sheet growth. Benthic foraminiferal Mg/Ca records from a Pacific and an Atlantic Site have been produced and are interpreted in terms of bottom water temperatures. These Mg-temperature records are combined with published benthic δ13C, δ18O and erosion records to reconstruct the flow of proto-North Atlantic Deep Water (proto-NADW) over the past 12 Ma. The results suggest that between 12.5 and 10.5 Ma, and again between about 8.5 and 6 Ma, a nutrient-depleted water mass that was colder (by 1–2°C) and fresher than the intervening deep water mass filled the Atlantic basin. This proto-NADW became warmer (by 1°C) and saltier between 6 and 5 Ma, coincident with the restriction of surface water flow through the Central American Seaway. The Mg-temperature records define a subsequent global cooling trend of 3.5°C between 5 Ma and today. Early NHG in the late Miocene was perhaps related to the formation of the relatively cold, fresh proto-NADW. The formation of the warmer and saltier proto-NADW in the early Pliocene may have initially limited Northern Hemisphere ice growth. However, the increased moisture released at high northern latitudes associated with formation of ‘warm’ proto-NADW, coupled with the global temperature decrease of deep (and hence polar surface) waters, likely helped initiate the intense NHG of the Plio–Pleistocene.  相似文献   

9.
Determination of the age of the Precambrian-Cambrian boundary is critical in understanding early evolution of life on Earth. SIMS U-Pb zircon analyses of the Bed 5 tuff layer of the Meishucun section were carried out closely following the guidance of cathodoluminescence images, and the majority of analyses were conducted on the oscillatory zircon grains. Thirteen measurements yield a highly reliable Concordia U-Pb age of 536.7 ± 3.9 Ma for the Bed 5 horizon. A grand mean of 206Pb/238U age of 535.2± 1.7 Ma (...  相似文献   

10.
New paleomagnetic investigation was carried out on the late Neogene fluviolacustrine sequence of the Yuanmou Basin, located near the southeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau. Magnetostratigraphic results indicate nine reverse magnetozones (R1 to R9) and eight normal magnetozones (N1 to N8) in the sedimentary profile, which can be correlated to the geomagnetic polarity timescale from C3n.3r to C1r.1r. The age of the sedimentary sequence of the Yuanmou Basin can thus be paleomagnetically constrained to an interval from early Pliocene to Pleistocene, with sedimentation rates varying from 12.5 to 55 cm/kyr. In addition to its highly resolved magnetostratigraphic sequence, the Yuanmou Basin provides a record of Plio-Pleistocene tectono- and climato-sedimentary processes. The mean declinations of the seventeen polarity units (excluding samples with transitional directions) can be grouped into three distinct directional intervals, Group I (2.58–1.37 Ma), Group II (4.29–2.58 Ma) and Group III (4.91–4.29 Ma). These directions indicate that the Yuanmou Basin has probably experienced vertical-axis clockwise rotation of about 12° from 1.4 Ma to 4.9 Ma, which may be related to slip activity of the Red River fault to the southwest and the Xianshuihe–Xiaojiang fault to the east.  相似文献   

11.
A much improved high-resolution magnetostratigraphy is presented for the interval between 8.5 and 12.5 Ma in the deep marine astronomically tuned Monte dei Corvi Beach section in northern Italy. This section contains the formally designated boundary between the Middle and Upper Miocene defined by the Tortonian GSSP. The natural remanent magnetization is carried by an unusual low-temperature component of primary origin. According to interpretations of isothermal remanent magnetization (IRM) acquisition curves, the palaeomagnetic signal is most probably carried by iron sulphides, such as greigite or pyrrhotite. The resultant magnetostratigraphy is reliable and can be straightforwardly calibrated to the Astronomically Tuned Neogene Time Scale (ATNTS2004) showing that the section ranges from Chron C5An.2n up to C4.2r-1. The inferred correlation of the Tortonian GSSP to the older part of Chron C5r.2n is confirmed, thereby guaranteeing global correlation potential. In addition, the Monte dei Corvi Beach section has been re-tuned to the new numerical solution La2004 for the interval between 8.5 and 12.9 Ma. This exercise shows that the characteristic cycle patterns are not consistent with a single solution with fixed values for dynamical ellipticity and tidal dissipation. For the younger part of the section, sedimentary cycles show an excellent fit with intricate details of precession/obliquity interference in the nominal La2004(1,1) solution. However, this solution produces serious mismatches between the sedimentary cycles and the precession/obliquity interference in the interval older than ∼ 10.2 Ma. For this interval changes in tidal dissipation value (while keeping dynamical ellipticity constant at its present-day value) are necessary to maintain a perfect fit. A detailed visual comparison reveals a very good to excellent fit with La2004(1,1.2) and, to lesser extent, with La2004(1,0.5). However, La2004(1,1.2) is the preferred tuning target for the moment in the interval older than 10.2 Ma. The astronomical (re)tuning on precessional scale to La2004(1,1) yielded slightly different astronomical ages for each basic cycle and, hence, also for the calcareous plankton events and magnetic reversal boundaries with uncertainties ranging within a few thousand years. The age of the Tortonian GSSP turns into 11.625 Ma instead of the previously published 11.608 Ma. Our ages should replace existing ages in the Astronomically Tuned Neogene Time Scale (ATNTS2004).  相似文献   

12.

Late Cenozoic sediments in the Hexi Corridor, foreland depression of the Qilian Mountain preserved reliable records on the evolution of the Northern Tibetan Plateau. Detailed magnetic polarity dating on a 1150 m section at Wenshushan anticline in the Jiudong Basin, west of Hexi Corridor finds that the ages of the Getanggou Formation, Niugetao Formation and Yumen Conglomerate are >11-8.6 Ma, 8.6-4.5 Ma and 4.5-0.9 Ma respectively. Accompanying sedimentary analysis on the same section suggests that the northern Tibetan Plateau might begin gradual uplift since 8.6-7.6 Ma, earlier than the northeastern Tibetan Plateau but does not suppose that the plateau has reached its maximum elevation at that time. The commencement of the Yumen Conglomerate indicates the intensive tectonic uplift since about 4.5 Ma.

  相似文献   

13.
Along the Proterozoic stratigraphic sections of Jixian, Tianjin, the δ13C values of carbonates are mostly negative in the Changchengian (Changcheng System), varying approximately within a range of (0±1 )‰in the Jixianian (Jixian System), and have commonly positive values of (2±2)‰ in the Qingbaikouan (Qingbaikou System). From Chuanlinggou Formation to Dahongyu Formation, i.e. from ca. 1700 Ma to 1600 Ma, the δ13C values of carbonates increase from about -3‰ to 0‰, but oscillate with large excursion in Dahongyu Formation. Two large excursions occur in the Jixianian, one in Yangzhuang Formation and the other in the third sub-member of Wumishan Formation overlaying. These integrated and continuous records of carbon isotope reflect secular variations of δ13C value in ancient seawater from ca. 1700 Ma to ca. 800 Ma. The increase and subsequent oscillation of seawater δ13C value occurring from the ages of ca. 1700 to ca. 1600 Ma and <1300 Ma may signify two correlative global tectonic events.  相似文献   

14.
Abstract   The age of the Yokawa Formation of the Cenozoic Kobe Group distributed in Hyogo Prefecture of western Japan based on mammalian fossils is discussed. Two fossil dental specimens of terrestrial mammals discovered from the lowest part of the Yokawa Formation in the Sanda area are described. These two fossils described here are: (i) a right mandibular fragment with p2–m3 of Bothriodon sandaensis sp. nov. (selenodont anthracotheriid artiodactyl), which appears to be the most primitive among the species of the genus; and (ii) right m1–m3 of cf. Hyrachyus sp. (primitive rhinocerotoid perissodactyl). In the lower part of the Yokawa Formation, Zaisanamynodon (amynodontid perissodactyl) was previously reported. The morphology ('evolutionary stage') of B. sandaensis is indicative of the latest Middle to Late Eocene, that of cf. Hyrachyus sp. is indicative of the Early to Middle Eocene, and Zaisanamynodon is indicative of the Late Middle to Late Eocene. Therefore, the fossil mammals of the Yokawa Formation indicate an latest Middle Eocene ( ca . 38 Ma) correlation for the lower part of the formation, as a working hypothesis. Although the resolution of the geological age based on these mammalian fossils is relatively low compared to that based on marine index fossils, this result is concordant with the recent radiometric correlation of the lower part of the Yokawa Formation in the Sanda area.  相似文献   

15.
A high-resolution magnetostratigraphy (planktonic foraminiferal) biostratigraphy and cyclostratigraphy is presented for the Pliocene Trubi marls in the Punta di Maiata section on Sicily. The integrated stratigraphy of the Rossello composite section of Hilgen ([1], Newslett. Stratigr., 17, 1987) is thereby completed. This composite section provides an unprecedented high-quality reference section for the Early to early Late Pliocene, containing a continuous sequence ranging from below the Thvera Subchron into the Matuyama Chron (4.86-2.45 Ma).The Punta di Maiata section extends from the Sidufjall Subchron of the Gilbert into the Gauss Chron (4.50-3.30 Ma). Linear interpolation between paleomagnetic datum planes in this section yields first-order age estimates of 3.72 (±0.01) and 3.59 (±0.01) Ma for the last common occurrence (LCO) and the actual last occurrence (LO) of Globorotalia margaritae.In addition, this age of 3.59 Ma provides an accurate age for the Zanclean-Piacenzian (Z/P) boundary, provided the LO of G. margaritae is maintained as a criterion to define this boundary in the Mediterranean. Irrespective, however, of the criterion used, the Punta di Maiata and Punta Piccola subsections of the Rossello composite are at present the most suitable sections to be designated as stratotypes for the Z/P boundary. The global significance of the Rossello composite is further strongly enhanced by the establishment of an astronomically calibrated geomagnetic polarity time scale based on the correlation of the Trubi sedimentary cycles with the astronomical record.  相似文献   

16.
Carbon isotope stratigraphy of the Late Jurassic and earliest Cretaceous was revealed from Torinosu‐type limestone, which was deposited in a shallow‐marine setting in the western Paleo‐Pacific, in Japan. Two sections were examined; the Nakanosawa section of the late Kimmeridgian to early Tithonian age (Fukushima Prefecture, Northeast Japan), and the Furuichi section of the late Kimmeridgian to early Berriasian age (Ehime Prefecture, Southwest Japan). The age‐model was established using Sr isotope ratio and fossil occurrence. The limestone samples have a low Mn/Sr ratio (mostly <0.5) and lack a distinct correlation between δ13C and δ18O, indicating a low degree of diagenetic alteration. Our composite δ13C profile from the two limestone sections shows three stratigraphic correlation points that can be correlated with the profiles of relevant ages from the Alpine Tethyan region: a large‐amplitude fluctuation (the lower upper Kimmeridgian, ～152 Ma), a positive anomaly (above the Kimmeridgian/Tithonian boundary, ～150 Ma), and a negative anomaly (the upper lower Tithonian, ～148 Ma). In addition, we found that δ13C values of the Torinosu‐type limestone are ～1‰ lower than the Tethyan values in the late Kimmeridgian. This inter‐regional difference in δ13C values is likely to have resulted from a higher productivity and/or an organic burial in the Tethyan region. The difference gradually reduces and disappears in the late Tithonian, where the Tethyan and our δ13C records show similar stable values of 1.5–2.0‰. This isotopic homogenization is probably due to changes in the continental distribution and the global ocean circulation, which propagated the 13C‐depleted signature from the larger Paleo‐Pacific to the smaller Tethys Ocean during this time.  相似文献   

17.
The evolution of interocean carbon isotopic gradients over the last 2.5 m.y. is examined using high-resolution δ13C records from deep sea cores in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Over much of the Northern Hemisphere ice ages, relative reductions in North Atlantic Deep Water production occur during ice maxima. From 2.5 to 1.5 Ma, glacial reductions in NADW are less than those observed in the late Pleistocene. Glacial suppression of NADW intensified after 1.5 Ma, earlier than the transition to larger ice sheets around 0.7 Ma. At a number of times during the Pleistocene, δ13C values at DSDP Site 607 in the North Atlantic were indistinguishable from eastern equatorial Pacific δ13C values from approximately the same depth (ODP Site 677), indicating significant incursions of low δ13C water into the deep North Atlantic. Atlantic/Pacific δ13C values converge during glaciations between 1.13-1.05 m.y., 0.83-0.70 m.y., and 0.46-0.43 m.y. This represents a pseudo-periodicity of approximately 300 kyr which cannot easily be ascribed to global ice volume or orbital forcing. This partial decoupling, at low frequencies, of the δ18O and δ13C signals at Site 607 indicates that variations in North Atlantic deep water circulation cannot be viewed simply as a linear response to ice sheet forcing.  相似文献   

18.
High-resolution Pliocene and Pleistocene sequences exposed on land in New Zealand are some of the few detailed records of widepread marine bioevents and paleoclimatic changes in the Southern Hemisphere. Marine biostratigraphy calibrated in deep-sea cores by paleomagnetic reversals has been the primary basis for the chronology of these sequences. We have determined ages for several tephra beds which now provide an independent numerical age calibration for a well-studied marine and terrestrial section in Wairarapa. By using the isothermal plateau fission track (ITPFT) method on volcanic glass we have overcome the problems of partial track fading and detrital mineral contamination, which hindered earlier studies, to reveal a new chronology extending back to nearly 5 Ma.

Our ages for the Hikawera Tuff (4.91 ± 0.25 Ma) and Spooner Tuff (3.44 ± 0.13 Ma) are consistent with the appearance and disappearance of many early Pliocene foraminiferial species, validating their age calibration in New Zealand. However, some fossil occurrences, including coccoliths, differ temporally by as much as 0.55 Ma, perhaps due to local tectonic-induced recycling.

Four Pleistocene tephra beds (Potaka tephra (1.00 ± 0.03 Ma), Kaukatea tephra (0.87 ± 0.05 Ma), Rangitawa tephra (ca. 0.35 Ma) and Kawakawa tephra (ca. 0.22 Ma)) are now recognised in the Wairarapa sequence via stratigraphic and new geochemical and age data. These beds allow direct correlation to other marine and terrestrial basins, as well as volcanic regions in New Zealand, and will ultimately aid in a regional paleoenvironmental reconstruction where bioevents are absent. The tephra ages indicate that the marine sediment accumulation rates varied from 90 to 250 m/Ma between different sections of the Pliocene and reached ca. 350 m/Ma in the last 2.4 Ma, when the sequence displays pronounced glacioeustatic cyclic deposition. In the terrestrial realm, the oldest loess in New Zealand is now constrained to between 1.00 and 0.87 Ma.  相似文献   


19.
The uplift and exhumation process in the Tianshan orogen since the late Paleozoic were likely related to the preservation of ore deposits. This study involved reconstructing the whole tectonic thermal history of the Ouxidaban pluton in central South Tianshan Mountains based on hornblende/plagioclase Ar-Ar and zircon/apatite(U-Th)/He methods. The thermal history and uplift process of central South Tianshan Mountains since the late Paleozoic were analyzed according to the results of previous works and cooling/exhumation rate features. The hornblende yields a plateau age of 382.6±3.6 Ma, and the plagioclase yields a weighted mean age of 265.8±4.9 Ma. The Ouxidaban pluton yields weighted mean zircon(U-Th)/He age of 185.8±4.3 Ma and apatite(U-Th)/He age of 31.1±2.9 Ma, respectively. Five stages of tectonic thermal history of South Tianshan Mountains since the late Paleozoic could be discriminated by the cooling curve and modeling simulation:(1) from the latest Silurian to Late Devonian, the average cooling rate of the Ouxidaban pluton was 7.84°C/Ma;(2) from the Late Devonian to the latest Middle Permian, the average cooling rate was about 2.07°C/Ma;(3) from the latest Middle Permian to the middle Eocene, the cooling rate decreased to about 0.68°C/Ma, suggesting that the tectonic activity was gentle at this time;(4) a sudden increase of the cooling rate(5.00°C/Ma) and the exhumation rate(0.17 mm/a), and crustal exhumation of ~1.83 km indicated that the Ouxidaban pluton would suffer a rapid uplift event during the Eocene(~46?35 Ma);(5) since the middle Eocene, the rapid uplift was sustained, and the average cooling rate since then has been 1.14°C/Ma with an exhumation rate of about 0.04 mm/a and an exhumation thickness of 1.33 km. The strong uplift since the Cenozoic would be related to a far-field effect from the Indian and Eurasian plates' collision. However, it was hysteretic that the remote effect was observed in the Tianshan orogenic belt.  相似文献   

20.
40Ar/39Ar method is a high precision dating means, of which the age is obtained by contrasting the un- known sample with those of standards. Usually the age of standard is determined by K-Ar method in which the 38Ar spike should be added for measurement. However, the absolute concentration of 38Ar spike is measured through the calibrated standards in turn, al- though occasionally the concentration of 38Ar spike is determined by other dating methods, such as Rb-Sr, U-Pb methods, which is kn…  相似文献   

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