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为研究不同楼梯支座构造及阻尼填充墙厚度、阻尼填充墙砌体抗压强度、阻尼层剪切强度、减震支座剪切模量等设计参数对消能楼梯间减震性能的影响,采用ABAQUS有限元软件对4种不同楼梯支座构造、15个不同设计参数共19个消能楼梯间分析模型进行数值仿真分析。结果表明:不同楼梯支座构造中,设置减震支座可提供一定的水平、竖向刚度,改善楼梯间的屈服情况,减小梯板的竖向翘起位移,有利于地震中保持楼梯的稳定性;不同减震支座设置方案均可实现以减震支座的剪切变形消除梯板支撑效应、发挥良好耗能效果的减震目标;消能楼梯间构造简单、性能稳定,常用设计参数下均表现出良好的减震性能;阻尼填充墙厚度的增加,一定程度上增大消能楼梯间的刚度、水平承载能力;阻尼填充墙砌体抗压强度的变化对楼梯间减震性能影响较小;阻尼层剪切强度的增大将减小楼梯间的屈服位移,增大阻尼填充墙的压应力,建议采用剪切强度低的阻尼层材料;减震支座的剪切模量越大,梯板竖向翘起位移越小,减震支座剪切模量宜取0.5 MPa以上。 相似文献
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对摩擦摆基础隔震结构进行了地震反应分析,研究了支座滑道半径对支座位移、楼层加速度和楼层剪力的影响,表明当支座的摩擦系数较小时,随着支座滑道半径的增大,隔震结构的自振周期增大,摩擦摆支座位移逐渐增大,结构的加速度反应和楼层剪力减小当支座的摩擦系数较大时,改变支座的滑道半径,调整基础隔震结构周期对支座位移、结构加速度反应和... 相似文献
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针对一种金属橡胶支座,研究其剪切性能。进行3种压应力下的拟静力试验,分析竖向压力和水平剪切变形对支座剪切性能的影响;以试验数据为基准,建立支座剪切性能与压应力之间的相关性经验公式,提出能够近似模拟试验曲线的三线性恢复力模型。试验研究表明,随着支座剪切变形的增大,支座等效刚度及耗能增大,等效阻尼比减小,屈服力基本保持不变,滞回曲线由梭形逐渐变为反S型,当剪切应变大于25%时支座出现刚度硬化现象;随着支座压应力增大,支座的耗能、屈服力、等效刚度及等效阻尼比均增大。 相似文献
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《地震工程与工程振动》2016,(5)
由于在地震中橡胶支座承受的竖向压力会产生较大变化,因而有必要对橡胶支座剪切性能的压力相关性进行研究。采用低周反复循环加载试验方法对铅芯橡胶支座进行了剪切性能试验,研究了支座压应力和剪应变对支座屈服力、屈服后刚度、水平等效刚度和等效阻尼比的影响,结果表明,随着支座压应力的增大,支座的滞回曲线越来越饱满,支座的耗能能力近似呈线性增大;支座的屈服力和等效阻尼比随着压应力的增大而近似呈线性增大,随着支座剪应变的增大,压应力对屈服力和等效阻尼比的影响逐渐减小;支座的屈服后刚度随着压应力的增大而减小,随着剪应变的增大,压应力对屈服后刚度的影响逐渐减小;支座的水平等效刚度随着压应力的增大而近似呈线性减小,随着剪应变的增大,压应力对水平等效刚度的影响略有增大。根据试验结果给出了支座剪切性能的压力相关性经验公式,可供工程设计人员使用。 相似文献
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采用大型通用有限元程序,对低硬度大直径橡胶隔震支座在竖向荷载作用下的基本性能进行了精细有限元分析。分析了在竖向荷载作用下支座上下封板、内部钢板的各种应力分布,以及支座顶部是否施加竖向同位移约束、支座孔径比、橡胶材料G值、内部单层橡胶厚度与内部单层钢板厚度之比对支座内钢板受力的影响。结果表明,内部钢板最大Mises应力、最大径向水平正应力约为支座竖向压力的4倍、2.5倍;支座顶部是否施加竖向同位移约束对支座用钢板内力影响较大,特别是支座上封板;橡胶G值的变化对内部钢板受力基本没影响;支座孔径比对靠近孔边缘部分内部钢板应力不均匀性分布影响较大;内部单层橡胶厚度与内部单层钢板厚度的比值对内部钢板的Mises应力、径向正应力、环向正应力影响较大,但对其竖向正应力基本没影响。 相似文献
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《地震工程与工程振动》2017,(1)
为检验混凝土框架结构设置楼梯隔震防倒塌支座的效果,利用ETABS有限元软件建立计入楼梯、不计入楼梯、设置滑动支座和隔震防倒塌支座的4个框架结构模型,进行地震作用下梯段板下端不同构造措施对框架结构地震反应影响的对比分析。研究结果表明:与不考虑楼梯作用相比,设置隔震防倒塌支座后,钢筋混凝土框架结构的周期、振型、地震作用、层间位移、框架梁柱和楼梯梁柱的地震内力等均未明显变化,表明隔震防倒塌支座能有效地卸去梯段板的斜撑作用;与滑动支座结构相比,隔震防倒塌支座结构沿地震动输入方向的水平滑动位移基本相同,同时减小了梯段板竖向翘起位移。 相似文献
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橡胶支座基础隔震结构遭遇近断层脉冲型地震动作用时,隔震层变形过大,需要限位。提出了软碰撞限位方案。按抗震规范设计橡胶支座隔震钢筋混凝土框架结构,选取近断层地震动记录,分析了限位主要参数预留距离、限位刚度和阻尼对隔震结构响应的影响。结果表明,预留距离增大,限位刚度需求增大,限位效果减弱;限位刚度增大,隔震层最大位移减小,上部结构层间最大位移增大;在一定范围内适当增大阻尼可减小隔震层最大位移与上部结构的层间最大位移。合理选用限位参数,可同时获得良好的限位与减震效果。提出了限位参数的优选方法。 相似文献
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为研究基础隔震体系对转体斜拉桥抗震性能的影响,以新建福厦客运专线太城溪特大桥为工程背景,建立全桥动力模型,进行非线性时程分析。选取7组地震波与5组曲面摩擦摆支座基础隔震方案,对比分析基础隔震转体斜拉桥的抗震性能。结果表明：采用基础隔震体系后,转体斜拉桥的自振周期增大,整体刚度与地震响应显著降低;曲面摩擦摆支座对结构变形的影响较小,但会使内力大幅降低,可作为该转体斜拉桥基础隔震体系的隔震支座;采用基础隔震体系后,主墩墩底弯矩减小44.83%～55.82%,剪力减小40.3%～63.09%,塔梁固结处产生最大位移65.53 mm。 相似文献
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采用ABAQUS有限元分析软件,分别对基于刚性地基假定的环板基础、考虑土-结构动力相互作用的环板基础和桩基础超大型冷却塔模型进行了模态分析、弹性和弹塑性时程分析,研究了土-结构动力相互作用和基础形式对超大型冷却塔结构动力特性和地震反应的影响。结果表明:当考虑相同阶数的振型时,刚性地基模型的振型参与质量系数最小。地震作用下,刚性地基模型和桩基础模型的加速度响应、支柱内力、塔壳混凝土主应力等一般比考虑土-结构动力相互作用的环板基础模型偏大,但塔顶水平位移偏小。土-结构动力相互作用比基础形式对冷却塔动力特性以及地震反应的影响更大,且二者对冷却塔竖向振动的影响比水平向大。三种模型计算所获得的冷却塔薄弱部位均集中于支柱,且支柱最大侧移角相差不大。 相似文献
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本文基于波动理论,利用深度域相移法对不同互层数、不同单层厚度的等厚薄互层进行正演模拟.采用广义S变换分析零偏移距地震道反射复合波的瞬时频谱.研究发现当单层厚度大于3/16波长时,等厚薄互层时域特征为中、高频等幅振荡,瞬时频谱为与单层厚度成反比的单一峰值梳状函数;当单层厚度小于3/16波长时,震源子波的有限带宽对瞬时频谱的高频频率峰有压制作用,导致等厚薄互层中部的时域振幅和频域最大幅度均为低值,薄互层的结构特征不易分辨,说明宽高频的震源子波是提高薄互层分辨能力的关键.此外,理论推导和实验分析均证明:当地层厚度大于1/8波长时,其峰值频率与薄互层单层厚度存在定量解析关系,这为等厚薄互层单层厚度定量预测提供了重要的技术手段. 相似文献
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Estimating the natural frequencies of a wind turbine system consisting rotor, nacelle, tower, foundation and surrounding soil is one of the important design considerations. This paper experimentally investigates the behaviour of a model wind turbine supported on a particular type of foundation called a monopile. Monopile is a single large diameter (2.5–4 m) long slender column inserted deep into the ground. This can be thought of as an extension of the wind turbine tower. In particular, the role of soil/foundation in the dynamics of wind turbines has been investigated. Analytical methods are developed incorporating the rotational and translation flexibility of the foundation. Novel experimental techniques have been developed to obtain the parameters necessary for the analytical model. The analytical model is validated using a finite element approach and experimental measurements. In total, results from 17 test cases is reported in the paper. Experimental results show that the natural frequencies and the damping factors of the wind turbine tower change significantly with the type of soil/foundation. Analytical results for the natural frequencies agree reasonably well to the experimental results and finite element results. 相似文献
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A case study is presented of the interaction between the bending due to laterally spreading forces and axial-load induced settlement on the piled foundations of the Kandla Port and Customs Tower located in Kandla Port, India, during the 2001 Bhuj earthquake. The 22 m tall tower had an eccentric mass at the roof and was supported on a piled-raft foundation that considerably tilted away as was observed in the aftermath of the earthquake. The soil at the site consists of 10 m of clay overlaid by a 12 m deep sandy soil layer. Post-earthquake investigation revealed the following: (a) liquefaction of the deep sandy soil strata below the clay layer; (b) settlement of the ground in the vicinity of the building; (c) lateral spreading of the nearby ground towards the sea front. The foundation of the tower consists of 0.5 m thick concrete mat and 32 piles. The piles are 18 m long and therefore passes through 10 m of clayey soil and rested on liquefiable soils. Conventional analysis of a single pile or a pile group, without considering the raft foundation would predict a severe tilting and/or settlement of the tower eventually leading to a complete collapse. It has been concluded that the foundation mat over the non-liquefied crust shared a considerable amount of load of the superstructure and resisted the complete collapse of the building. 相似文献
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A comprehensive study is performed on the dynamic behavior of offshore wind turbine (OWT) structure supported on monopile foundation in clay. The system is modeled using a beam on nonlinear Winkler foundation model. Soil resistance is modeled using American Petroleum Institute based cyclic p–y and t–z curves. Dynamic analysis is carried out in time domain using finite element method considering wind and wave loads. Several parameters, such as soil–monopile–tower interaction, rotor and wave frequencies, wind and wave loading parameters, and length, diameter and thickness of monopile affecting the dynamic characteristics of OWT system and the responses are investigated. The study shows soil–monopile–tower interaction increases response of tower and monopile. Soil nonlinearity increases the system response at higher wind speed. Rotor frequency is found to have dominant role than blade passing frequency and wave frequency. Magnitude of wave load is important for design rather than resonance from wave frequency. 相似文献
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Xiaolei Han Yaokun Li Jing Ji Junhao Ying Weichen Li Baicheng Dai 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2016,15(2):369-378
In order to quantitatively study the seismic absorption effect of the cushion on a superstructure, a numerical simulation and parametric study are carried out on the overall FEA model of a rigid-pile composite foundation in ABAQUS. A simulation of a shaking table test on a rigid mass block is first completed with ABAQUS and EERA, and the effectiveness of the Drucker-Prager constitutive model and the finite-infinite element coupling method is proved. Dynamic time-history analysis of the overall model under frequent and rare earthquakes is carried out using seismic waves from the El Centro, Kobe, and Bonds earthquakes. The different responses of rigid-pile composite foundations and pile-raft foundations are discussed. Furthermore, the influence of thickness and modulus of cushion, and ground acceleration on the seismic absorption effect of the cushion are analyzed. The results show that: 1) the seismic absorption effect of a cushion is good under rare earthquakes, with an absorption ratio of about 0.85; and 2) the seismic absorption effect is strongly affected by cushion thickness and ground acceleration. 相似文献
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进水塔是水利工程的重要组成部分,具有塔身高、塔壁薄等特点,在地震工况下容易发生结构失稳破坏。针对进水塔地震工况下抗滑抗倾覆能力差的问题,提出加设灌注桩的方法提高塔基的动力稳定性,并以甘肃省某引水工程进水塔为例,采用有限单元法,从桩基对进水塔塔体应力、桩基受到的剪力和弯矩及地基位移分布情况三个方面分析灌注桩对进水塔塔基动力稳定性的影响。分析得到:加设灌注桩可降低塔体中下部的应力值,并改善该处的应力分布;塔基高程处的灌注桩所受到的剪力和弯矩较小;加设灌注桩后,塔底附近的位移量值有所减小,且没有出现明显的潜在滑移圆弧面。说明设置桩基加固进水塔地基的措施提高了进水塔地基的动力稳定性。 相似文献
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本文在考虑碎石桩排水和应力集中作用的基础上分析了碎石桩处理液化地基后复合地基的抗液化能力,并与自由场液化地基的抗液化能力进行了对比,提出了一种适用于碎石桩复合地基修正“Seed简化法”,可应用标准贯入试验对液化地基的处理效果进行评价。 相似文献
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Preliminary design of offshore wind turbines requires high precision simplified methods for the analysis of the system fundamental frequency. Based on the Rayleigh method and Lagrange's Equation, this study establishes a simple formula for the analysis of system fundamental frequency in the preliminary design of an offshore wind turbine with a monopile foundation. This method takes into consideration the variation of cross-section geometry of the wind turbine tower along its length, with the inertia moment and distributed mass both changing with diameter. Also the rotational flexibility of the monopile foundation is mainly considered. The rigid pile and elastic middle long pile are calculated separately. The method is validated against both FEM analysis cases and field measurements, showing good agreement. The method is then used in a parametric study, showing that the tower length Lt, tower base diameter d0, tower wall thickness δt, pile diameter db and pile length Lb are the major factors influencing the fundamental frequency of the offshore wind turbine system. In the design of offshore wind turbine systems, these five parameters should be adjusted comprehensively. The seabed soil condition also needs to be carefully considered for soft clay and loose sand. 相似文献