共查询到17条相似文献，搜索用时 109 毫秒
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在五大连池火山区流体化学研究原有工作的基础上，对火山群的重要区段开展了野外踏勘、气体普查，特别是用放射性气体测量方法对火烧山、老黑山、笔架山、药泉山等火山区进行了Tn、Rn测量。通过大量实测资料，分析和研究了Tn、Rn等气体和火山、火山活动、断裂构造、断裂活动性及其他地质条件的关系，初步查明了五大连池火山区的气体组成特征、分布和形成规律，对地下主要气体的成因、气体和火山构造活动及其它地质条件的关系进行了初步探讨，并提出了对五大连池火山区气体观测的初步设想和建议。 相似文献
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用气体化学方法,在五大连池药泉山、卧虎山、笔架山、老黑山、东、西龙门山之间进行了氡、钍放射性气体测量,布设了12条测线。测量结果,发现Rn、Th浅层气体和某些断裂关系密切。尤其是药泉山周围和老黑山—笔架山之间,氡、钍放射性气体表现出异常高值,Rn、Th的含量大大高于区域背景值。初步认为药泉山周围地区为强构造活动区,Rn、Th等火山断层气和断裂活动及火山活动有密切关系。 相似文献
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琼北马鞍岭地区第四纪火山活动具有多期性。据火山作用方式、火山形貌及风化程度、火山喷发产物与沉积地层以及火山机构之间的相互叠置关系 ,结合同位素年龄 ,可分为德义岭、道堂、杨花、雷虎岭、昌道和马鞍岭等 6期 ,其中德义岭期为中更新世 ,道堂和杨花期为晚更新世 ,雷虎岭、昌道和马鞍岭期属全新世。不同期次具有不同的火山活动方式、喷发强度及火山结构类型。德义岭期火山活动以溢流为主 ,火山锥为低缓的熔岩穹丘。杨花期为射气岩浆爆发作用形成的低平火山。雷虎岭与马鞍岭期主要形成由碎屑锥和熔岩流组成的夏威夷式火山 ,熔岩流构造类型以结壳熔岩为主 相似文献
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分析世界火山分布图发现琼北火山群分布在一南北向的火山带上,应用有限元方法模拟计算了双俯冲作用下海南岛所在雷琼\|越东火山带的形成机制,结合海南岛精确定位的地震数据和形变观测结果,认为琼北地区可能存在岩墙侵入或张性断裂膨胀,并根据地震数据模拟分析了岩墙侵入对区域应力场及形变的影响.琼北地区精确地震（2000~2006）定位结果表明地震主要集中在一个垂直面上,并且地震带两端有分叉现象.通过地震时空分布特征推测存在岩墙侵入,并通过数值模拟很好地解释了琼北地区地震的分布特征（狗骨头状）以及地表垂向形变东升西降的特征. 相似文献
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通过密集测点和跨断裂测线土壤气体地球化学野外流动观测,获取了雄安新区土壤气体Rn、CO2和Hg浓度的区域背景场资料及跨断裂剖面分布特征。结合Q-Q图频率统计法和Kriging插值对雄安新区土壤气体地球化学背景进行综合分析发现,雄安新区断裂来源土壤气体Rn、CO2和Hg的浓度高值呈串珠状聚集于牛东断裂、牛东分支断裂1、牛东分支断裂2、容城断裂和徐水—大城断裂沿线,表明这5条断裂可能是研究区较为活动的断裂带,根据气体浓度高值优势方向及城市活断层探测结果,进一步限定了各断裂的空间展布态势。各活动断裂不同段气体浓度相对强度的计算结果显示,新区断裂活动性由东南向西北方向递减,牛东分支断裂2的活动性最强,其Rn浓度相对强度高于首都圈地区的18条主要活动断裂。由于观测范围的局限性,各活动断裂不同段土壤气体浓度相对强度并无明显差异。 相似文献
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新保安—沙城断裂带土壤气地球化学特征分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
测量断裂带土壤气浓度变化, 是监测断裂活动性和地震危险性的重要途径之一。 2014年5月, 我们在怀来地区新保安-沙城断裂测量了断层土壤气H2、 He、 CO2、 Rn、 Hg浓度以及CO2、 Rn、 Hg的通量。 测量结果显示: H2、 He、 CO2、 Rn、 Hg浓度变化范围分别为, H2: (0.4～34.2)×10-6、 He: (2.8～7)×10-6、 CO2: (0.051～1.19)%、 Rn: (0.31～18.22) kBq/m3、 Hg: (2～54) ng/m3。 土壤气H2和Rn是揭示断层位置的有效参数之一, 在断层附近以及有陡坎的地区有明显高值异常。 通过对怀来地区新保安-沙城断裂土壤气浓度及通量地球化学研究初步确定断裂带有较高的脱气强度, 与此区域地震活动性有一定的关系。 相似文献
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根据琼北全新世火山区内火山作用产物的成因类型与喷发物理过程的野外考察结果 ,结合航片解译资料 ,确定了该区火山作用的发育特征、形成期次与规模 ,并以此作为进一步评价火山灾害的基础 ;根据锥体形成后物理降解作用与时间的关系 ,讨论了琼北全新世火山区众多锥体结构参数之间的关系。研究结果为 :琼北全新世火山区分为 4个火山系统 ,即西北部的马鞍岭台地火山系统、东南部的雷虎岭盾片状火山系统、夹于二者之间的浩昌单成因火山系统和NW向裂隙式喷发系统。工作区内琼北新生代火山共计 5 9个 ,火山结构类型可分为火山锥、熔岩穹、熔岩湖与低平火山口等。在火山锥中 ,依据锥体组成与结构的差异又可进一步分为岩渣锥、溅落锥和混合锥等碎屑锥。琼北近代火山锥体高度多 <4 0m ,绝大多数锥体的底部直径 <5 0 0m。锥体底部直径和火口坑深度之间具有明显的正相关关系。由锥体底部直径与火口缘直径的差值与锥体高度投点图可以明显地区分出早期的低平火山口和晚期的不同类型锥体 相似文献
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对瑞昌—武宁断裂带瑞昌段进行了跨断层气体地球化学流动测量,测定了断裂带土壤气Rn和CO2浓度,分析了该断裂带的气体地球化学特征,结合赣南地区b值讨论了断裂带气体分布特征与构造活动性的可能关系。结果显示：桂林桥、伍家畈土壤气Rn和CO2浓度均表现出强正相关特征,说明断裂带Rn是基于CO2载气运移至地表浅层。Rn和CO2浓度峰值均出现在断裂带附近,桂林桥测线中部土壤气浓度明显高于两端,而伍家畈测线中部与两端浓度平均值相对接近,这种浓度空间释放特征的差异可能主要是震后断裂带愈合程度不一所致。两条测线土壤气Rn浓度水平较高,b值扫描发现研究区应力呈增强趋势,表明断裂带活动性较强,可能意示土壤气Rn浓度与断裂带的活动性有着密切的联系。 相似文献
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由于唐山断裂带土壤气地球化学研究成果相对较少，因此于2017—2018年分3期对唐山断裂带5条分支断裂土壤气浓度（包括Rn、Hg、CO2）和通量（包括Rn、Hg）进行测量，利用土壤气浓度平均值+2倍均方差的方法确定每条断裂异常限。分析结果表明，唐山-古冶断裂和唐山断裂土壤气浓度及通量出现高值异常；2017—2018年ML1.0以上地震多集中在唐山断裂和唐山-古冶断裂，与土壤气异常分布有较好的相关性；土壤气地球化学空间变化特征能反映断裂带的分段活动性。 相似文献
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XU Jian-dong YU Hong-mei ZHOU Ben-gang CUI Wen-ling DU Long WEI Fei-xiang 《地震地质》2019,41(5):1289-1301
Starting from the 1980's of last century, China has launched the national plan of constructing nuclear power plants along the coastline region in eastern China. Currently, in some of these candidate sites, nuclear facilities have been installed and are in operation, but some other nuclear power plants are still under construction or in site evaluation. In 2012 the Atomic Energy Commission issued the specific guide for volcanic hazards in site evaluation for nuclear installations(IAEA Safety Standards Series No. SSG-21), which was prepared under the IAEA's program for safety standards. It supplements and provides recommendations for meeting the requirements for nuclear installations established in the safety requirements publication on site evaluation for nuclear installations in relation to volcanic hazards. To satisfy the safety standards for volcanic hazard, we follow the IAEA SSG-21 guidelines and develop a simple and practical diffusion program in order to evaluate the potential volcanic hazard caused by tephra fallout from the explosive eruptions.
In this practice, we carried out a case study of the active volcanoes in north Hainan Province so as to conduct the probabilistic analysis of the potential volcanic hazard in the surrounding region. The Quaternary volcanism in north Hainan Island, so-called Qiongbei volcanic field is characterized by multi periodic activity, in which the most recent eruption is dated at about 4 000a BP. According to IAEA SSG-21, a capable volcano is one for which both 1)a future eruption or related volcanic event is credible; and 2)such an event has the potential to produce phenomena that may affect a site. Therefore, the Qiongbei volcanic field is capable of producing hazardous phenomena that may reach the potential nuclear power plants around. The input parameters for the simulation of tephra fallout from the future eruption of the Qiongbei volcanic field, such as the size, density and shape of the tephra, the bulk volume and column height, the diffusion parameter P(z), wind direction and intensity, were obtained by field investigation and laboratory analysis. We carried out more than 10000 tephra fallout simulations using a statistical dataset of wind profiles which are obtained from China Meteorological Data Sharing Service System(CMDSSS). Tephra fallout hazard probability maps were constructed for tephra thickness threshold of 1cm. Our results show that the tephra produced by the future large-scale explosive eruption from the Qiongbei volcanic field can affect the area in a range about 250km away from the eruption center.
In summary, the current key technical parameters related to volcanic activity and potential hazards in IAEA/SSG-21 guidelines, such as 10Ma volcanic life cycle and 1×10-7 volcanic disaster screening probability threshold, etc. are based on the volcanic activity characteristics in the volcanic island arc system. In consideration of the relatively low level of volcanic activity compared with volcanic island arc system due to the different tectonic background of volcanism in mainland China, the time scale of volcanic disaster assessment in IAEA SSG-21 guideline is relatively high for volcanoes in mainland China. We suggest that the study of "conceptual model" of volcanic activity should be strengthened in future work to prove that there is no credible potential for future eruptions, so that these volcanoes should be screened out at early stage instead of further evaluation by probabilistic model. 相似文献
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MAGNETOTELLURIC IMAGING OF MAGMA DISTRIBUTION BENEATH MA'ANLING AND LEIHULING VOLCANOES OF NORTHEASTERN HAINAN,CHINA 
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下载免费PDF全文 SUN Xiang-yu ZHAN Yan ZHAO Guo-ze ZHAO Ling-qiang DENG Yan HU Ya-xuan HU Jiu-chang XIANG Xiao-juan 《地震地质》1979,42(3):640-653
The northeastern Hainan Province is one of the areas subjected to the strongest, most frequent and longest-lasting volcanic activities in China since the Cenozoic era. Under the influence of magma and fault activities, northeastern Hainan Island has experienced many moderate and strong earthquakes in history. The Qiongshan M7.5 earthquake occurred in this region in 1605. The deformation measurement and InSAR data found a subsidence area in the south of the Qiongshan M7.5 earthquake. Small earthquakes frequently occur in this area. It has been inferred by some studies on this subsidence area, namely the Puqianwan-Fengjiawan seismic belt, that the subsidence and frequent seismic activity are related to the development of deep magma systems. Magnetotelluric methods are very sensitive to subsurface fluid, different temperature conditions, and resistivity property of the medium in the molten state. With the development of magnetotelluric three-dimensional inversion technique, using dense array magnetotelluric data in three-dimensional inversion can image the medium resistivity occurrence state and position in the volcanic area. To study the deep structure of the magma system and its relationship with seismic activity, we conducted MT observations on two profiles that cross Leihuling and Ma'anling volcanoes. Phase tensor decomposition was used to analyze the electrical structure. This paper investigates the two MT profiles using three-dimensional electromagnetic imaging technology and obtains the electrical structure of the two profiles. The result reveals the media properties and high conductivity bodies' occurrence range beneath the volcanic area in the northeastern Hainan. There are obvious differences in the electrical structure of the northeastern Hainan. The resistivity values are high in the east and low in the west. In addition, there are two high conductivity bodies in the northeast of Hainan. The high conductivity body C1 inclines to the west and locates beneath the Chengmai County area in the northwestern Hainan Island(west of the Leihuling-Ma'anling volcanoes). Its resistivity value is less than several Ωm. This low resistive body is 40km long in WE direction and 30km wide in SN direction. Its burial depth is about 2km near the HNL1 profile and 6km near the NHNL1 profile. Its bottom reaches the depth of about 25~30km, which may be close to or through the Moho surface depth of 25~26km in this area. It is speculated that the magma eruption of Leihuling-Ma'anling volcanoes did not migrate vertically from its deep part to the surface. The high conductivity body C2 locates beneath Longquan. The buried depth of C2 tends to be shallower from north to south, but there is no exposed surface in the study area, nor is it connected with the shallow low-resistivity layer. It is speculated that the C2 may be a magmatic sac trapped in the crust, but may have nothing to do with the eruption of Ma'anling-Leihuling volcanoes. The recent volcanic magma in this area comes from the lower crust and upper mantle of the ocean area to the west of Hainan Island. As magma enters the upper and middle crust, it continues to move shallowly and eastward. In this process, it should be blocked by the high resistance structure on the east side of the Changliu-Xiangou Fault and then erupt around this fault, thus forming numerous craters in this area. After the repeated eruption, deep magma channels gradually closed and volcanic activity weakened. The magma in the mid-upper crust cooled consolidated gradually, but the speed was uneven in different areas, resulting in the channels having closed down gradually in some places, and some are in the process of closing. Our results show an uneven rise and fall depth of the low resistivity body in the middle and lower crust. There is no high conductivity body in the deep part of the Puqianwan-Fengjiawan seismic belt and the subsidence area in the northeastern Hainan, which rules out the possibility that the small earthquakes are related to deep magma systems. 相似文献
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THE FLUID GEOCHEMICAL VARIATION CHARACTERISTICS OF THE WUSU MUD VOLCANOES BEFORE THE JINGHE EARTHQUAKE OF MS6.6 ON AUGUST 9, 2017 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 ZHU Cheng-ying ZHOU Xiao-cheng MA Rong YAN Wei LIANG Hui ZHANG Tao GAO Xiao-qi YAN Yu-cong 《地震地质》2019,41(4):1060-1075
Mud volcano is a conical sedimentary body formed by high-pressure mud and gas-dominated fluid migrated to the surface through faults and other channels deep underground, which looks like a volcanic cone formed by magma-volcanism. As a product of crustal movement, mud volcano can bring a large amount of valuable information from deep to the surface when erupting. Therefore, mud volcano is called "god-given borehole" with a depth of 7~12km. Mud volcanoes are the result of upthrust of trapped gases released by the pressure in the stratum and also the channel for the upward migration of gases in the earth. The submarine mud volcano is one of the signs of hydrate and the living evidence of hydrate. The Wusu mud volcanoes are located in the northern Tianshan tectonic belt. Since the mud volcamoes locate in the active part of the tectonic belt and are well connected to the underground, their active degree has a good correlation with the seismicity. The earthquake cases studies based on the 7a long real-time macroscopic monitoring data and the more than 3a long geochemical monitoring data of the Wusu mud volcanoes show that in the earthquake cases of MS ≥ 5.0 within the range of 300km around the Wusu mud volcanoes, the abnormal mud gushing quantity obviously increased by macroscopic monitoring before 9 out of 13 earthquakes. The geochemical microcosmic monitoring data showed obvious abnormal changes before 3 out of 6 earthquakes. The anomalous duration from the emergence of the anomaly to the occurrence of the earthquake is mainly of the mid-term(6~12 months). Before the Jinghe MS6.6 earthquake on August 9, 2017, the Wusu mud volcanoes spewed violently and the chemical components showed an obvious high value anomaly. In January 2017, there was a significant increase in the amount of mud spewing in Aiqigou No.1mud volcano and Baiyanggou No.1mud volcano, and one month before the earthquake, there was the phenomenon that mud gushing amount of Aiqigou No.2 mud volcano gradually increased and the volcano was from dormant to active. There were obvious high values appearing before the earthquake in F-and SO42- in the Aiqigou No.1mud volcano and in F-, CO32-, SO42-, Rn(gas), CH4, Ar and N2 in Baiyanggou(No.1 and 2)mud volcanoes. The values of F-, CO32-, SO42-, Ar and N2 showed short-term anomalies, while CH4 and Rn(gas)showed medium term anomalies. Giggenbach triangular diagram (Na-K-Mg) indicates that the water-rock reaction of Baiyanggou mud volcanoes is complete and little disturbed by the outside. The water-rock reaction of the Aiqigou mud volcanoes is still ongoing, which can explain why the precursor anomaly of the chemical components of the Baiyanggou mud volcanoes is more obvious than that of the Aiqigou mud volcanoes. The geothermal reservoir temperature of the study area is estimated by using a cationic (Na-K, K-Mg, Na-K-Ca) geothermometer. The geothermal reservoir temperature of the Wusu mud volcanoes is about 70℃, and the circulation depth is about 3km. In the process of earthquake preparation, the mud carries deep chemical components to the ground surface due to the effect of compression stress(the result of focal mechanism)or the concentration of regional tectonic stress with earthquake preparation; Or the rock strata in or near the seismogenic area are deformed, the depth of liquid circulation will increase, and the water-rock reaction will be accelerated, which will increase the concentration of some ionic components, and the squeezing process will cause a large number of mud to gush out of the ground, carrying geochemical components. Therefore, the gushing quantity and some chemical components of the mud volcanoes were obviously abnormal before the earthquake. 相似文献
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2014年在山西地震带北段和张家口—渤海地震带布设35个测量剖面,测量土壤气CO_2、Rn浓度及深度20 cm、1 m的CO_2和Rn通量。测量结果表明:(1) CO_2、Rn浓度与深度20 cm、1 m的CO_2、Rn通量的平均值和最大值变化趋势大致相同,均呈自西向东的增大趋势;(2)深度20 cm、1 m的CO_2和Rn通量相关性均不明显,但1 m深的CO_2、Rn通量明显较高;(3) CO_2和Rn浓度、通量变化主要与区域复杂的地震活动性和断层活动性有关,主要受到地表化学成分和区域岩石地球化学影响。 相似文献
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Glyn Williams-Jones John Stix Martin Heiligmann Anne Charland Barbara Sherwood Lollar N. Arner Gustavo V. Garzón Jorge Barquero Erik Fernandez 《Bulletin of Volcanology》2000,62(2):130-142
2 and δ13C in soil gas were measured at three active subduction-related stratovolcanoes (Arenal and Poás, Costa Rica; Galeras, Colombia).
In general, Rn, CO2 and δ13C values are higher on the lower flanks of the volcanoes, except near fumaroles in the active craters. The upper flanks of
these volcanoes have low Rn concentrations and light δ13C values. These observations suggest that diffuse degassing of magmatic gas on the upper flanks of these volcanoes is negligible
and that more magmatic degassing occurs on the lower flanks where major faults and greater fracturing in the older lavas can
channel magmatic gases to the surface. These results are in contrast to findings for Mount Etna where a broad halo of magmatic
CO2 has been postulated to exist over much of the edifice. Differences in radon levels among the three volcanoes studied here
may result from differences in age, the degree of fracturing and faulting, regional structures or the level of hydrothermal
activity. Volcanoes, such as those studied here, act as plugs in the continental crust, focusing magmatic degassing towards
crater fumaroles, faults and the fractured lower flanks.
Received: 16 December 1997 / Accepted: 27 January 2000 相似文献
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利用断层气(土气氡)探测琼北地区的断裂活动性 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6
对琼北地区的ＮＥＥ、ＮＷ向两组断裂及历史强震区进行跨断层土氡测量,以探明该区断裂的近期活动性。结果表明：⑴ＮＥＥ向的王五－文教断裂、ＮＷ向的铺前－清澜断裂现今都有较强的活动性,铺前－马袅断裂、临高断裂和长流－仙沟断裂也有一定的活动性;⑵就断裂活动的总体水平而言,琼东北地区较之西北地区高,而琼东北地区的南部又较北部高。 相似文献