共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 46 毫秒
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地下流体学科数据处理软件是"十五"中国地震前兆台网数据处理系统的模块之一,该软件专为"十五"地下流体前兆台站和区域前兆中心设计,主要完成数据转换、数据预处理、常规计算、专业处理和报告编制等项工作.该软件已在各省、自治区、直辖市地震局和各直属单位的前兆台站、区域前兆中心部署. 相似文献
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《地下流体站网运行管理与产品服务平台》是国家地下流体站网在线管理与产品产出的综合业务平台,基于平台的开发背景、设计思路和系统架构,以及站网监控、台网管理、质量评估、产品服务、学科综合等,详细介绍平台功能及特点。 相似文献
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区分"源兆"与"场兆",系地震预测探索中的重要课题。根据云南4组6级以上地震的地下流体前兆异常资料,系统分析了强震源兆的流体前兆异常特征。结果表明,在6级多强震的源兆区,即震中距100 km范围内,异常项目计有水位、水温、水氡、水汞及气汞;以中期、短期异常为主,临震异常很少;源兆异常台站和台项的比例均高于场兆。这些流体源兆特征的认识,可为利用流体异常判断地震危险区提供一定依据。 相似文献
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中国地震地下流体监测系统的现状与展望 总被引：1，自引：2，他引：1
本文对我国地震地下流体监测系统的观测台网、观测项目、观测仪器、观测效能等的现状作了较详尽的论述，明确指出地下流体所观测的前兆信息十分丰富，映震灵敏，预报效能好，在地震预报和为国民经济服务中有很大潜力，同时也探讨了我国地震地下流体监测系统中存在的主要问题，提出了解决的办法，对今后的发展方向进行了展望。文中提出建立多层次的地下流体监测体系，加强地下流体综合观测，强化地下流体观测网的科学性，优化观测项目，逐步实现观测技术现代化，特别强调要大力开展基础理论研究与国际合作，不断提高我国地震地下流体监测预报的研究水平。 相似文献
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地壳中流体动力学模型研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
较全面介绍了近年国内外地壳地下流体动力学研究的最新成果。综合分析前人研究成果并将其系统化为地完尺度上地下流体动力学系统的概念模型和数学模型。模型根据影响地下流体动力特性的主要因素和介质渗透特征,把地壳渗流场分为深度小于6km的饯部带、6～17km的过渡带和大于17km的深部带。数学处理上把驱动流体运动的各种地质作用归一化为“地质力”,以地下流体运动方程中的源汇项表示。分析了不同地质环境各种地质作用对地下流体系统的作用特征。对地壳中普遍存在的异常孔隙压力现象,从流体动力学的角度进行了解释,并认为周期性地震活动是形成异常高孔隙压力的主导因素。 相似文献
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本文根据１９９２－１９９４年间发表的１２５篇有关论文和“八五”短临预报攻关三级课题研究报告，简要地介绍了我国地震地下流体学科在观测技术、震例与预报方法、映震理论与数据处理、干扰因素与映震灵敏条件等方面取得的科学进展，为“九五”立项提供背景材料。 相似文献
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《应用地球物理》2017,(1)
本文对地-井瞬变电磁法多分量响应进行计算分析。规则局部体瞬变场响应的计算方法与解释模型对于实际导电围岩模型的适用性较差,针对该问题,本文提出了一种基于地下瞬态电磁场数值模拟的计算分析方法。瞬变电磁场模拟方面,本文以时域有限差分法实现正演模拟,引入采用Gaver-Stehfest逆拉氏变换与Prony法的离散镜像法求解初始电磁场,应用透射边界条件保证迭代计算精度。通过均质半空间模型算例,证明该套方法可行。响应分析方面,设定含井旁目标体和导电围岩的地电模型,以上述方法对地下瞬态电场进行正演,以多分量观测装置为例换算感应电动势。通过对比各条件下瞬态电场与多分量响应,得出结论:地-井瞬变电磁多分量感应电动势响应反映了地下瞬态电场沿水平、垂直方向的梯度变化;响应特征取决于地层中瞬变场在不同条件下的"扩散、衰减、畸变"过程和观测位置的电磁场状态。本文的计算分析方法兼顾围岩背景场与局部体异常场,较之传统局部体瞬变场原理能够更全面的反映地质信息。 相似文献
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Excel VBA数据处理软件开发 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：2
ExcelVBA编程通过对Excel自身功能的集成和扩展可以较为快捷地形成一个完整的数据处理软件。本文以地下流体数据处理软件开发为实例,简要论述了ExcelVBA开发数据处理软件的思路、方法和技术要点,同时还列举了一些通用代码供大家参考和使用。 相似文献
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We present a new approach to enhancing weak prestack reflection signals without sacrificing higher frequencies. As a first step, we employ known multidimensional local stacking to obtain an approximate ‘model of the signal’. Guided by phase spectra from this model, we can detect very weak signals and make them visible and coherent by ‘repairing’ corrupted phase of original data. Both presented approaches – phase substitution and phase sign corrections – show good performance on complex synthetic and field data suffering from severe near-surface scattering where conventional processing methods are rendered ineffective. The methods are mathematically formulated as a special case of time-frequency masking (common in speech processing) combined with the signal model from local stacking. This powerful combination opens the avenue for a completely new family of approaches for multi-channel seismic processing that can address seismic processing of land data with nodes and single sensors in the desert environment. 相似文献
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Radon transform is a powerful tool with many applications in different stages of seismic data processing, because of its capability to focus seismic events in the transform domain. Three-parameter Radon transform can optimally focus and separate different seismic events, if its basis functions accurately match the events. In anisotropic media, the conventional hyperbolic or shifted hyperbolic basis functions lose their accuracy and cannot preserve data fidelity, especially at large offsets. To address this issue, we propose an accurate traveltime approximation for transversely isotropic media with vertical symmetry axis, and derive two versions of Radon basis functions, time-variant and time-invariant. A time-variant basis function can be used in time domain Radon transform algorithms while a time-invariant version can be used in, generally more efficient, frequency domain algorithms. Comparing the time-variant and time-invariant Radon transform by the proposed basis functions, the time-invariant version can better focus different seismic events; it is also more accurate, especially in presence of vertical heterogeneity. However, the proposed time-invariant basis functions are suitable for a specific type of layered anisotropic media, known as factorized media. We test the proposed methods and illustrate successful applications of them for trace interpolation and coherent noise attenuation. 相似文献
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Emmanuel Spadavecchia Vincenzo Lipari Nicola Bienati Giuseppe Drufuca 《Geophysical Prospecting》2013,61(4):725-734
Despite being less general than 3D surface‐related multiple elimination (3D‐SRME), multiple prediction based on wavefield extrapolation can still be of interest, because it is less CPU and I/O demanding than 3D‐SRME and moreover it does not require any prior data regularization. Here we propose a fast implementation of water‐bottom multiple prediction that uses the Kirchhoff formulation of wavefield extrapolation. With wavefield extrapolation multiple prediction is usually obtained through the cascade of two extrapolation steps. Actually by applying the Fermat’s principle (i.e., minimum reflection traveltime) we show that the cascade of two operators can be replaced by a single approximated extrapolation step. The approximation holds as long as the water bottom is not too complex. Indeed the proposed approach has proved to work well on synthetic and field data when the water bottom is such that wavefront triplications are negligible, as happens in many practical situations. 相似文献
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In marine acquisition, reflections of sound energy from the water–air interface result in ghosts in the seismic data, both in the source side and the receiver side. Ghosts limit the bandwidth of the useful signal and blur the final image. The process to separate the ghost and primary signals, called the deghosting process, can fill the ghost notch, broaden the frequency band, and help achieve high‐resolution images. Low‐signal‐to‐noise ratio near the notch frequencies and 3D effects are two challenges that the deghosting process has to face. In this paper, starting from an introduction to the deghosting process, we present and compare two strategies to solve the latter. The first is an adaptive mechanism that adjusts the deghosting operator to compensate for 3D effects or errors in source/receiver depth measurement. This method does not include explicitly the crossline slowness component and is not affected by the sparse sampling in the same direction. The second method is an inversion‐type approach that does include the crossline slowness component in the algorithm and handles the 3D effects explicitly. Both synthetic and field data examples in wide azimuth acquisition settings are shown to compare the two strategies. Both methods provide satisfactory results. 相似文献
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Ying Hu Hui Chen Hongyan Qian Xinyue Zhou Yuanjun Wang Bin Lyu 《Geophysical Prospecting》2020,68(3):941-954
Improving the seismic time–frequency resolution is a crucial step for identifying thin reservoirs. In this paper, we propose a new high-precision time–frequency analysis algorithm, synchroextracting generalized S-transform, which exhibits superior performance at characterizing reservoirs and detecting hydrocarbons. This method first calculates time–frequency spectra using generalized S-transform; then, it squeezes all but the most smeared time–frequency coefficients into the instantaneous frequency trajectory and finally obtains highly accurate and energy-concentrated time–frequency spectra. We precisely deduce the mathematical formula of the synchroextracting generalized S-transform. Synthetic signal examples testify that this method can correctly decompose a signal and provide a better time–frequency representation. The results of a synthetic seismic signal and real seismic data demonstrate that this method can identify some reservoirs with thincknesses smaller than a quarter wavelength and can be successfully applied for hydrocarbon detection. In addition, examples of synthetic signals with different levels of Gaussian white noise show that this method can achieve better results under noisy conditions. Hence, the synchroextracting generalized S-transform has great application prospects and merits in seismic signal processing and interpretation. 相似文献
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Yinpo Xu Cheng Yin Xuefeng Zou Yudong Ni Yingjie Pan Liangjun Xu 《Geophysical Prospecting》2020,68(4):1228-1252
As the application of high-density high-efficiency acquisition technology becomes more and more wide, the areas with complex surface conditions gradually become target exploration areas, and the first-break picking work of massive low signal-to-noise ratio data is a big challenge. The traditional method spends a lot of manpower and time to interactively pick first breaks, a large amount of interactive work affects the accuracy and efficiency of picking. In order to overcome the shortcoming that traditional methods have weak anti-noise to low signal-to-noise ratio primary wave, this paper proposes a high accurate automated first-break picking method for low signal-to-noise ratio primary wave from high-density acquisition in areas with a complex surface. Firstly, this method determines first-break time window using multi-azimuth spatial interpolation technology; then it uses the improved clustering algorithm to initially pick first breaks and then perform multi-angle comprehensive quality evaluation to first breaks according to the following sequence: ‘single trace → spread → single shot → multiple shots’ to identify the abnormal first breaks; finally it determines the optimal path through the constructed evaluation function and using the ant colony algorithm to correct abnormal first breaks. Multi-azimuth time window spatial interpolation technology provides the base for accurately picking first-break time; the clustering algorithm can effectively improve the picking accuracy rate of low signal-to-noise ratio primary waves; the multi-angle comprehensive quality evaluation can accurately and effectively eliminate abnormal first breaks; the ant colony algorithm can effectively improve the correction quality of low signal-to-noise ratio abnormal first breaks. By example analysis and comparing with the commonly used Akaike Information Criterion method, the automated first-break picking theory and technology studied in this paper has high picking accuracy and the ability to stably process low signal-to-noise ratio seismic data, has a significant effect on seismic records from high-density acquisition in areas with a complex surface and can meet the requirements of accuracy and efficiency for massive data near-surface modelling and statics calculation. 相似文献
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Seismic attenuation compensation is a spectrum-broadening technique for enhancing the resolution of non-stationary seismic data. The single-trace attenuation compensation algorithms ignore the prior information that the seismic reflection events are generally continuous along seismic traces, thus, the compensated result may have poor spatial continuity and low signal-to-noise ratio. To address this problem, we extend the single-trace approaches to the multi-trace algorithms and furthermore propose a multi-trace attenuation compensation with a spatial constraint. The frequency-space prediction filters are the key to construct this spatial regularization. We test the effectiveness of the proposed spatially constrained attenuation compensation algorithm by applying both synthetic and field data examples. Synthetic data tests indicate that the proposed multi-trace attenuation compensation approach can provide a better compensated result than single-trace attenuation compensation algorithm in terms of suppressing noise amplification and guaranteeing structural continuities. Field data applications further confirm its stability and practicality to improve seismic resolution. 相似文献
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Bin Liu Chao Fu Yuxiao Ren Qingsong Zhang Xinji Xu Yangkang Chen 《Geophysical Prospecting》2020,68(5):1509-1522
Random noise attenuation utilizing predictive filtering achieves great performance in denoising seismic data. Conventional predictive filtering methods are based on fixed filter operators and neglect the complexity of structures. In this way, the denoised data cannot meet the requirement of balancing the signal preservation and noise removal. In this study, we proposed a structural complexity-guided predictive filtering method that utilizes an adapted filter operator to adjust the changes of structural complexity. The proposed structural complexity-guided predictive filtering mainly consists of two stages. A slope field information is acquired according to plane-wave destruction to assess the structural complexity. In addition, an adaptive filter operator is obtained to denoise the seismic data according to the adaptive factor. Both synthetic data and real seismic profiles are employed to examine the denoising capacity and flexibility of the refined predictive filtering using adaptive lengths. The analysis of the predicted results shows that adaptive predictive filtering is powerful and has the ability to eliminate random noises with negligible distortions. 相似文献
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地震资料叠前去噪技术的现状与未来 总被引：26，自引：10，他引：26
地震资料叠前去噪是勘探地震资料处理的关键问题之一，但这个问题长期以来一直没有得到很好的解决，是提高地震资料分辨率的一个主要障碍，其中，如何有效地消除产生与地层间的多次反射波又是地震资料叠前去噪的核心问题。为此，人们进行了长期不懈的努力，以更好地消除多次波。本文着重概述现今实生常中常用的几种比较有效的消除多次波方法，包括拉冬变换，F－K方法和聚束滤波方法；同时也概述了预测反积消除水层混响和用K－L变换方法消除随机噪音提高信噪比等方法；最后，还讨论了近年发展的地震资料叠前去噪新方法及其发展趋势。 相似文献