共查询到17条相似文献，搜索用时 187 毫秒
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通过调查青海省四处典型土遗址发现表面剥蚀、冲沟、裂缝、坍塌、人为破坏等病害普遍存在,门源古城和湟中县部分长城因缺乏保护,人为破坏情况严重,土遗址保存状况恶劣;大通县长城和湟中县加牙烽燧在开展保护工程后,土遗址整体保存状况良好。大通县长城2处墙体的现场脉动观测结果显示:（1）2处墙体的速度峰值随高度增加有明显放大现象,一号墙体由底部到顶部速度峰值放大1.7倍,二号墙体放大2.9倍,放大效应让2处墙体在地震时更不稳定;（2）两处墙体的测试频率在3.04 Hz至5.71 Hz之间,通过计算获得一、二号墙体差值百分比分别为30.5%和11.1%,表明二号墙体与场地相互作用明显,处于高风险影响,当遭遇地震的卓越频率与之相近时会发生明显的共振现象。因此应对观测处墙体进行加固,以减小与场地的相互作用,提高墙体的抗震稳定性。 相似文献
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明长城遗址是与丝绸之路沿线赋存环境相统一的开放系统,遗址的病害表观、时空演化受环境因素影响显著。调查丝绸之路遗址区的气候特征和地质地貌、地震活动等环境特征并选取具有差异性环境特征的典型遗址,通过史料查阅、野外考察和室内分析测试,结合遗址区环境特征和建筑形制、土体性质研究各类病害在不同因素影响下其表观特征及空间分布规律,验证各类病害形成与发展的存在性,进一步揭示病害演化机制,为防治和监测病害的形成和发展提供参考,提出在遗址加固保护中应基于各类病害的表征及机理有的放矢地设计全面的保护方案,这对土遗址的长期保存有着重要意义。 相似文献
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根部掏蚀是土遗址坍塌的主要因素。关于土遗址掏蚀失稳机理已有众多研究成果,但主要基于数值模拟和理论分析,等比例进行根部掏蚀实验的研究较少。基于夯土遗址掏蚀调查研究,制作1∶1夯土墙体模型,通过墙体根部掏蚀实验和数值模拟对其失稳机制进行研究。实验结果表明:掏蚀深度小于20%时,墙体应力变化很小;掏蚀深度大于20%时,墙体出现偏应力,并且快速增大;掏蚀深度为45%时,墙体发生倾倒破坏。在实验过程中,墙体应力重分布主要发生在掏蚀阶段,掏蚀稳定后应力变化不明显;墙体倾倒破坏过程非常迅速,整体表现为刚性倾倒,从夯层根部层界面拉裂是主要破坏模式,其应力应变特征与数值模拟结果相吻合。研究成果可为夯土遗址根部保护和夯筑支顶加固提供参考依据。 相似文献
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通过室内动三轴试验,研究了西北地区遗址土体的动本构关系,得到了模型参数,分析了遗址土体的动剪模量比和阻尼比的特性,并通过归一化处理得出模型参数,结果表明:遗址土体符合Hardin-Dinevich双曲线模型,其相关系数均大于0.991 7,模型参数a、b与土样密度不存在相关性;在相同荷载下,密度越大,动应变和动残余应变越小,其中陕西定边陡沟子明长城墙体土承受动荷载能力下降较快,而草滩段秦长城墙体、瞭望台台基处初始弹性模量和初始剪切模量较小,三处土体硬度较小,易于遭受病害侵蚀破坏,需进行重点加固维护;遗址墙体所建窑洞处土体强度和硬度明显大于长城墙体,动弹性模量和动剪切模量约为其墙体2倍。草滩段瞭望台土体强度和硬度明显大于同地区长城墙体;遗址土体的动剪切模量G/G0随着动剪应变γd的增加而减小,且密度越大,衰减速度越快,阻尼比D随着动剪应变γd的增长,呈现先缓慢增加-急剧增加-缓慢增加的过程,且密度越大,阻尼比越大。按建造年代、建造形制和用途划分、所处地区对典型遗址进行动力特性的对比分析,为今后土遗址加固保护提供理论基础和参考依据。 相似文献
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根据九寨沟Ms 7.0地震现场调查结果,总结了甘肃文县低烈度区震害的一般特征,分析了低烈度区烈度异常点的震害特点,并对产生烈度异常的原因进行了探讨。调查和分析研究结果表明:由于研究区的建筑多在汶川Ms 8.0大地震后进行了重建或抗震加固,且地震持时较短,此次地震中低烈度区房屋震害总体较轻。然而,低烈度区存在建筑裂缝、滑坡、滑塌和桥梁损坏等显著的烈度异常现象,其主要原因是建筑场地位于滑坡体以及高陡边坡等抗震不利地带;此外,地震波的传播方向和研究区内岩土体的特性也是造成低烈度区烈度异常的重要因素。地震地质灾害需在地震烈度评定标准修订时予以重点考虑。 相似文献
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2022年1月8日门源M6.9地震造成山丹明长城局部破坏。为研究此次地震作用下夯土城墙的动力响应与破坏特征,基于地震现场考察结果,采用振幅等效处理后的记录地震波为输入地震动,开展双向地震荷载作用下夯土城墙的动力响应数值分析,研究不同位置测点的最大位移、峰值加速度与墙体应力分布特征,探讨地震导致夯土城墙破坏的主要内因。研究结果表明：双向地震荷载作用下,墙体位移和峰值加速度(PGA)随着高度的增加逐渐增加,但距墙体底部0.5 m高度范围内PGA放大效应不明显,最大位移、加速度均出现在墙体顶部裂缝位置处;水平地震荷载作用下墙体的地震动响应更为显著;墙体的最大主应力、最大剪应力均出现在有裂缝处的底端掏蚀悬空部位,墙体裂缝、夯筑搭接、掏蚀悬空处应力集中明显;裂缝对夯土城墙的地震动放大效应在一定高度范围内表现为弱化作用,但随高度增加逐渐过渡为强化作用;裂缝可显著增强墙体顶部地震动响应,可能是本次地震诱发城墙破坏的主要内因。研究成果可为古城墙遗址的加固修缮提供科学指导。 相似文献
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在预评估地震影响范围的基础上,通过对2019年10月28日夏河5.7级地震进行现场震害调查、灾情分析,绘制出地震烈度图并得出此次地震的震害特征。结果表明:此次地震最高烈度为Ⅶ度(7度),该区面积为193 km~2,Ⅵ度(6度)区面积为1 398 km~2;震区范围内,房屋类型大多数为木构架承重的土木结构,极震区多数房屋外层土墙开裂、坍塌较为严重,但承重木构架出现轻微倾斜和局部破坏现象,无完全倒塌房屋;震区内大多数寺庙基本完好,个别寺庙部分墙体有轻微裂缝;沿着断裂带展布方向,灾情呈现带状分布特征;震区半山腰上的建筑物灾情较为严重,山体放大效应和边坡效应明显。根据对地震灾害特征的分析,提出了增强房屋抗震性能、合理选址,加强防震减灾知识宣传教育等建议。 相似文献
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通过对历史地震资料的系统收集整理、现场调查及烈度点评估等工作,对1936年天水南6级地震等震线重新进行了改绘,并对此次地震的震害特征、等震线特征及其与活动构造间的关系进行了研究。结果表明,此次地震极震区最大烈度为Ⅷ度,集中位于天水镇及其以北地区;NEE向的礼县-罗家堡断裂中东段基本与此次地震重破坏区长轴线重合,应为此次地震的发震断裂;由于受NWW向西秦岭北缘断裂带与NNW向六盘山断裂带2条区域深大断裂及北部黄土区的影响,低烈度等震线长轴方向逆时针旋转,地震动及烈度向北衰减变缓,地震等震线呈现明显的南北衰减不对称性。 相似文献
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夯土长城墙体掏蚀失稳机理研究 总被引：9，自引：4，他引：5
基于明代夯土长城甘肃山丹段的野外现场调查和室内试验建立了夯土长城掏蚀墙体稳定性分析模型和动力时程分析模型,计算分析了夯土墙体在自重和地震作用下墙体的稳定系数和动力响应规律。结果表明:在自重作用下掏蚀墙体稳定系数是掏蚀深度的二次函数,山丹段墙体在自重作用下处于稳定状态,墙体最大掏蚀深度为0.778 m;山丹段墙体掏蚀深度小于极限掏蚀深度,仍能抵御8度地震作用;夯土墙体峰值加速度最大值出现在墙体掏蚀部位顶侧,比墙根峰值加速度大1.28倍。本文研究成果可为河西地区土遗址保护提供参考。 相似文献
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2006年文安5．1级地震的烈度异常区初探 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
2006年7月4日河北省文安县发生的5.1级地震是1998年1月10日张北6.2级地震后首都圈内最大的一次地震.该震震中烈度偏低,而远在100km以外的北京等地区却出现较高的烈度异常.本文根据首都圈数字强震台网及其烈度速报系统测定的地震动强度等值线图,对该地震的烈度异常情况进行了分析,并对首都圈内3个烈度异常区的成因进行了初步的分析.结合震源的发震机理、地质结构和地震波射线路径等,分析了造成该次地震震中低烈度、小灾情,而外围烈度较高的基本因素. 相似文献
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2021年5月22日,青海省果洛藏族自治州玛多县发生M_S7.4地震。以青海省地震局玛多地震烈度调查为基础,着重分析6个重点地区的房屋震害及极震区桥梁道路的破坏情况。此次地震震级高、伤亡轻,仅造成震中附近个别土木结构、砖木结构房屋出现倒塌破坏,部分砖混及框架结构出现楼梯间及填充墙开裂的现象,多数房屋基本完好;调查中还发现野马滩一号、二号大桥以及昌马河大桥均出现不同程度的倒塌损毁,这也为烈度图的划分提供了数据支持;最后对此次地震产生的次生地质灾害进行统计分析,并对灾后重建和抗震设防提出意见及建议。 相似文献
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On February 11, 1954, an earthquake with Ms7.3 occurred in Shandan county of Hexi corridor,West China. It was the first great earthquake in northwest China after 1949. The earthquake left 47 people dead, 332 people injured and tens of thousands of people homdess; nearly 7277 buildings were damaged or collapsed and the property loss was more than one billion Yuan （RMB） at a rough estimate. In the meizoseismal area, the intensity was Ⅺ, the Hongsihu basin and Shandan County was the most serious damage, and in Shandan, the earthquake-stricken area was 4800 km^2 . In the paper, a brief introduction is presented to the Shandan earthquake, induding the basic parameters, distribution of seismic intensity and natural environment. The characteristics of building destruction are particularly discussed, the earthquake disaster distribution features and economic loss evaluation are also analysed. Finally, causes of the earthquake damage, experiences and lessons as well as implications of protection against earthquake and disaster reduction are summed up. 相似文献
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Yanbo Zhang Yueren Xu Wenqiao Li Runchao Liu Ruoyu Mu Jiayi Li Da Zhang Haofeng Li Qinjian Tian 《地震研究进展（英文）》2022,2(2):100133
At 02:04 on May 22, 2021, an MS 7.4 earthquake occurred in Madoi County in Qinghai Province, China. This earthquake is the largest seismic event in China since the 2008 MS 8.0 Wenchuan earthquake. Thus, it is critical to investigate surface deformation and damage in time to accurately understand the seismogenic structure of the Madoi earthquake and the seismogenic capacity of the blocks in this region. This study focuses on the Xuema Village, located at the eastern end of the coseismic surface ruptures produced by the event, and assesses the deformation and seismic damage in this area based on field surveys, UAV photogrammetry, and ground penetrating radar (GPR). The results indicate that the rupture scale is substantially smaller at the eastern end of the rupture zone compared to other segments. En echelon type shear tensile fractures are concentrated in a width range of 50–100 m, and the width of single fractures ranges from 20 to 30 cm. In contrast, the degree of seismic damage significantly increases at this site. All of the brick and timber houses are damaged or collapsed, while the steel frame structures and the color steel houses are slightly damaged. More than 80% of the bridge decks on the Changma River Bridge collapse, similar to the terraces along the Youerqu and Changma Rivers and the cut slopes of Provincial Highway S205. We infer that the seismogenic fault of the Madoi earthquake exerts a tail effect in this segment. The tension zone has led to a reduction at the eastern end of the rupture zone, causing shaking damage. Local topography and buildings without earthquake-resistant construction along the strike of the rupture zone have undergone different levels of seismic damage. 相似文献
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Simulation of strong earthquake characteristics of a scenario earthquake (MS7.5) based on the enlightenment of 2022 MS6.9 earthquake in Menyuan 
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下载免费PDF全文 The Menyuan area is an important transportation hub in the Hexi Corridor. The Menyuan MS6.9 earthquake that occurred on January 8, 2022 had a major impact on the local infrastructure and transportation of this region. Due to the high possibility of similar strong earthquakes occurring in this area in the future, preliminary assessment of the seismic intensity characteristics of destructive earthquakes in this region is essential for effective disaster control. This paper uses the empirical Green′s function (EGF) method as a numerical simulation tool to predict the ground motion intensity of Datong Autonomous County under the action of the scenario earthquake (MS7.5). Seismic records of aftershocks of the 2016 Menyuan MS6.4 earthquake were used as Green’s functions for this simulation. The uncertainties associated with various source parameters were considered, and 36 possible earthquake scenarios were simulated to obtain 72 sets of horizontal ground motions in Datong County. The obtained peak ground acceleration (PGA) vs. time histories of the horizontal ground motion were screened using the attenuation relationships provided by the fifth-edition of China's Seismic Ground Motion Parameter Zoning Map and the NGA-West2 dataset. Ultimately, 32 possible acceleration-time histories were selected for further analysis. The screened PGA values ranged from 78.8 to 153 cm/s2. The uncertainty associated with the initial rupture point was found to greatly affect the results of the earthquake simulation. The average acceleration spectrum of the selected acceleration-time history exceeded the expected spectrum of a intermediate earthquake, which means that buildings in Datong County might sustain some damage should the scenario earthquake occur. This research can provide reliable ground motion input for urban earthquake damage simulation and seismic design in Datong County. Growing the dataset of small earthquakes recorded in this region will facilitate the large-scale simulation of ground motions under different earthquake scenarios. 相似文献
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