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1.
采用关联维方法对台湾地区地震活动的空间特征进行了研究。先利用 10 0a来台湾的地震目录计算各个地震区、带的关联维数 ,将地震空间分布的分形特征定量表达出来 ,然后综合分析地震空间分布的关联维数和孕震构造环境之间的关系 ,得出了以下结论 :1)台湾东、西部地震区由于地震属于不同的大地构造单元 ,因此关联维数有较大的差异 ;2 )在各地震区内部的各个地震带由于板块构造、地壳结构、活断层分布上的差异 ,而具有与其构造特征相对应的关联维数 ;3)各地震带内部的各个不同的部位又由于不同的构造应力场 ,而导致地震分布上出现不同的丛集性 ,表现为不同的关联维数。这些结论充分说明通过关联维分析所得到的地震活动的空间图像与地震活动所代表的不同地质构造背景有着良好的对应关系 相似文献
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结构非均匀性理论模型的关联维描述 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用二维contor三分"非空"集合生成方法构建了非均匀结构理论模型。通过不断改变分形元三段访问概率及其空间构型,得到了样本值强度及其空间分布各不相同的24种样本,并采用推广G-P法分别求解了关联维。研究结果表明,利用关联维不仅可以表征结构的匀质程度,同时也可以描述其几何分布的非均匀程度,分维值越小反映了结构强度及其空间分布的不均匀性增大的物理本质。作为一种简化、有效刻画几何结构非均匀性的指标,关联维是一种较为合适的选择。 相似文献
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We examined the behavior of different fractal dimensions when applied to study features of earthquake spatial distribution
on different types of data. We first examined simulated spatial fields of points of different clustering level, following
the so called Soneira-Peebles model. The model was chosen because it displays some similarity to the real clustering structure
of earthquakes occurring on hierarchically ordered faults. The analysis of the capacity, clustering and correlation dimensions
revealed that their behavior did not completely correlate with the clustering level of the simulated data sets. We also studied
temporal variations of the fractal coefficients, characterizing the spatial distribution of the 1999 İzmit-Düzce aftershock
sequence. The calculated coefficient values demonstrated analogous behavior like for the simulated data. They exposed different
variability in time, but for all of them a systematic fluctuation was observed before the occurrence of the Düzce earthquake.
Our analysis revealed that although fractal coefficients could be applied to measure earthquake clustering, they should be
used with caution, trying to figure out the best coefficient for a certain data set. 相似文献
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新疆近期两次地震序列的时间信息维特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
蒋海昆 《地震地磁观测与研究》1992,13(2):1-7
本文以新疆两次中强地震的余震序列为例,探讨地震序列不均勻时间分布的分形特征。对其信息维的测算表明,无标度区范围基本稳定,同一时间段内信息维数随震级下限的升高略有降低;而对相同震级下限的样本群而言,不同时段的信息维数具有一定的差异。通常是强余震活动结束之后的信息维数略高于强余震活动期间的信息维数。这一特点对大震后地震趋势的合理估计具有积极意义。 相似文献
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High energy release during seismic events induced by mining operation is one of the major dangers perturbing production in underground mines. In this work, temporal changes of seismic event parameters for one of the Rudna Mine (Poland) panels are investigated. The study aim was to find whether the temporal clustering of smaller events in different parameters can be observed before and after the high energy events (Ml?≥?3) in the mining panel. The method chosen for analysis was the study of temporal variation of fractal dimension of the seismic events parameter sets composed from: the interevent epicentral distance (dr), logarithm of seismic energy (lE), and interevent energy coefficient (dlE), which is the absolute difference between logarithms of energy of two consecutive events. Temporal variations study was performed in equivalent dimension (ED) space. The transformation of the seismic source parameters into ED space allowed to estimate and compare the temporal changes of the fractal dimension of different parameter spaces using the same method—correlation fractal dimension, and then easily compare the obtained temporal changes of fractal dimension of different parameter sets. The effect of grouping is expressed by decrease of fractal dimension, which is connected with the similarity of events parameter values. The temporal changes of the fractal dimension of seismicity before the strong induced events would indicate some initiation phase of the process leading to the high energy release. In the case of the studied Rudna Mine panel, the temporal behavior of the fractal dimension values in different parameter spaces before seismic events showed significant changes before three out of four events with CLVD dominant source mechanisms. 相似文献
7.
Shi Xingjue Xu Heming Niu Zhiren Fan ZengjieUniversity of Science Technology of China Hefei China Seismologicai Bureau of Shanxi Xi'an China 《中国地震研究》1994,(3)
The measured profiles of laboratory fractured rocks should be self-affine fractal.The scaling properties of these profiles are described by two parameters-the fractal dimension D and the crossover length tc The D values of eight profiles are calculated by the ruler method and by the standard deviation method respectively.It is shown that if tc is far greater than the sampling step tc two methods yield the same results,although if it is far smaller than r,the D by the standard method will be about 1.20,while D by the ruler method will very close to 1.0,because two fractal dimensions,local and global,exist on two sides of tc In order to obtain the local fractal dimension which may be close to that of the standard deviation method,the ruler method must be modified.We propose a way to estimate the tc and to modify the ruler method.Finally,a profile having given D is generated in terms of the principle of non-integer order differential,through which the above two methods are verified and lead to the same res 相似文献
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Influences of Aquifer Properties on Flow Dimensions in Dolomites 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
by Timotej Verbov&#;ek 《Ground water》2009,47(5):660-668
The paper focuses on analyses and correlations of flow dimensions in different dolomite aquifers in Slovenia. Flow dimensions are obtained through the reinterpretation of 72 pumping tests with the generalized radial flow model, based on the fractional flow dimension. The average value of flow dimensions is 2.16 for all dolomites. A study of flow dimensions in individual aquifers categorized according to their lithological properties shows that higher dimensions occur in massive late-diagenetic Cordevolian and Anisian dolomites compared with bedded Main, Bača, and especially Lower Triassic dolomites, which contain a greater proportion of noncarbonate minerals. Partially penetrating wells have higher flow dimensions than fully penetrating wells. Flow dimensions are poorly correlated with hydraulic conductivities of fractures. When comparing the quantities of major dissolved minerals, obtained by hydrogeochemical inverse modeling, with the values of flow dimensions, the Cordevolian and Anisian dolomites are found to exhibit the highest values of both dissolved dolomite and flow dimensions, indicating that greater dissolution occurs at higher flow dimensions. For other aquifers, data points are more scattered and the correlation is mostly poor. When compared with three-dimensional fractal dimensions of fracture networks, there is no correlation with flow dimensions. However, almost all the values of flow dimensions are lower than the corresponding fractal dimensions in dolomites (average D = 2.77), possibly indicating the channeling of flow within the available space of the fracture networks, consequently reducing the flow dimensions. 相似文献
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Natural fracture patterns of producing geothermal formations in south-western Turkey are mapped at different scales. The fractal dimensions of different fracture network properties, such as spatial distribution, density, connectivity, orientation, and length are measured by different methods. Analysis of the natural fracture patterns from giga to microscales identifies the descending behavior of box-counting fractal dimension with respect to the scale. It is observed that the fracture networks represent scale-invariant properties, but fractal dimensions might notably differ when the mass dimension is measured applying different methods. Anisotropic nature of fracture networks is also included in the fractal analysis. 相似文献
11.
PIERRE KEATING 《Geophysical Prospecting》1993,41(8):983-993
Gravity survey station locations are, in general, inhomogeneously distributed. This inevitably results in interpolation errors in the computation of a regular grid from the gravity data. The fractal dimension of the station distribution can be used to determine if an interpolated map is aliased at a specific wave-length and, moreover, it is often possible to determine an optimum gridding interval. Synthetic distributions of gravity station locations have been used for theoretical studies and it is found that for randomly distributed data there is a range of sizes for which the spatial data distribution has a fractal dimension of 2; that is, Euclidean. The minimum length scale at which the distribution ceases to be Euclidean is the optimum interpolation interval obeying Shannon's sampling theorem. For dimensions less than 2, the optimum interpolation interval is the shortest length at which the scaling regime is constant. In this case the gravity field cannot be interpolated without introducing some aliasing. As the fractal dimension characterizes the data distribution globally over the whole study area, the actual gridding interval, in some cases, will be smaller in order to represent short-wavelength features properly in the more densely sampled sub-areas, but this may generate spurious anomalies elsewhere. The proposed technique is applied to the station distribution of the Canadian national gravity data base and a series of sub-areas. A fractal dimension of 1.87 is maintained over a range of sizes from 15 km to over 1600 km. Although aliasing occurs, since the gravity field certainly contains much shorter wavelength anomalies, aliasing errors may be minimized by selecting the proper interpolation interval from the fractal analysis. 相似文献
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The fractal geometry of flow paths in natural fractures in rock and the approach to percolation 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The distributions of contact areas in single, natural fractures in quartz monzonite (Stripa granite) are found to have fractal dimensions which decrease fromD=2.00 to values nearD=1.96 as stress normal to the fractures is increased from 3 MPa up to 85 MPa. The effect of stress on fluid flow is studied in the same samples. Fluid transport through a fracture depends on two properties of the fracture void space geometry. the void aperture; and the tortuosity of the flow paths, determined through the distribution of contact area. Each of these quantities change under stress and contribute to changes observed in the flow rate. A general flow law is presented which separates these different effects. The effects of tortuosity on flow are largely governed by the proximity of the flow path distribution to a percolation threshold. A fractal model of correlated continuum percolation is presented which quantitatively reproduces the flow path geometries. The fractal dimension in this model is fit to the measured fractal dimensions of the flow systems to determine how far the flow systems are above the percolation threshold. 相似文献
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山西及邻区水系与黄土冲沟的分形几何学分析结果及其与构造活动的关系 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
本文用分形几何理论,对山西及邻区水系与黄土冲沟作了分析,发现水系与冲沟分维值的大小反映了该区构造活动性的强弱,分维值的分布定量地反映了区域构造活动的背景及各区域构造活动性的差异,在构造活动强的区域,分维值高,反之则低。按分维值的大小山西断陷带分成南中北三段,以中段介休-临汾一带的分维值及反映的构造活动性最强。该区分维值的分布及反映的构造活动性有从四周向中间增强的特点,增强区与强震的发生有关 相似文献
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在模糊集理论与分形理论的基础上,引进了模糊分维的概念;给出了模湖容量维D0与模糊关联维D2的定义与确定方法;讨论了模糊分维与常用的分维（清晰分维）的关系.给出了模糊分维在地震研究中的应用结果: 1.根据模糊容量维D0随时间的上升趋势变化,可以划分出大地震活动的高潮期;由模糊容量维D0与模糊关联维D2随时间变化的曲线,可以分析识别大地震前的中长期前兆异常. 2.根据模糊容量维D0随空间和时间的变化,可以划分出未来大震所在的地区,并可发现大震前数年D0呈现增大或减小的趋势. 3.根据前兆数据的模糊时间分维D0随时间的变化,可以发现大地震的短期前兆异常. 相似文献
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本文选取了汾渭地震带从1970年至1989年二十年的地震资料,对所发生地震的时间分维结构进行了研究。文中分别以两个月为一个单位和一年为一个单位计算了时间分维数,绘出了每两个月D_t随时间t的变化曲线和二十年中每年D_t随t的变化曲线。经过计算发现,多数较强地震前D_t值明显降低,在大同一阳高地震中表现较明显,震前1988年的时间分维值为0.1944,1989年9月计算出的分维值为0.1312。 相似文献
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用非线性动力学重建相空间的方法对唐山地震前后（１９７１～１９７８年）昌黎地电台和地应力台前兆观测资料分别进行了关联维的计算．结果表明，地电阻率和地应力前兆资料吸引子具有分数维结构，并且发现这两种不同前兆资料的吸引子具有相同的前兆动态变化特征．在计算中发现，地电阻率的分数维具有多层次性．对此还进行了简单的讨论 相似文献
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甘肃中部及邻区水系分形研究结果与滑坡分布的关系 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
本文用分形几何学理论对甘肃中部及其邻近地区进行了水系分析，发现分维值的大小反映了研究区内发生滑坡灾害的程度。研究结果表明，不同区域水系的分维值与滑坡的分布数量非常吻合。由此可见，水系分形研究对区域性滑坡灾害的危险度判定有一定的实际意义。 相似文献
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本文根据Mandelbrot提出的分形几何学观点,对海城、唐山和松潘三个大地震前后地震(ML3.0)序列,根据其时空分布的总体特征,分析了它们在时间和空间分布上的自相似结构,计算了各自的分维。结果表明:时空分布特征分别类似于一维Cantor集合或一维连续统(这里有图片19890303-251-1.jif)Cantor集合。并以大震发生为对称点,得到大震前后的分维明显不同。一般大震前,其时空分布具有较低的分维,震后偏高。本文认为,用分维定量描述地震时空分布的复杂性是一个较好的物理量,也许它对未来大震发生的时空预报将起重要作用。 相似文献