共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 125 毫秒
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地震动空间变异性对千米级斜拉桥结构随机地震反应的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
基于随机振动理论,以苏通长江公路大桥为背景,对超大跨度斜拉桥在随机地震荷载作用下的动力响应展开研究,详细分析地震动空间变化特性对千米级斜拉桥结构动力响应的影响.研究结果表明:相干效应对主梁纵向弯矩影响比较大,尤其是中跨部位;而局部场地效应相对影响较小.对于主梁轴力而言,行波效应影响较为显著,主梁轴力的最大值增大约70%之多,但对竖向剪力并无突出影响.与一致激励比较,行波效应使得跨中竖向位移均方根增大约74%,相干效应为60%,而局部场地效应为13%.对于不同的内力和位移响应,地震动空间变化特性的影响程度和规律不尽相同,必须区别对待,具体问题具体分析. 相似文献
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行波效应对大跨度空间结构随机地震响应的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
深入研究了行波效应对大跨度空间结构随机地震响应的影响,进一步完善了大跨度空间结构随机地震响应分析理论。推导了双支座、单自由度体系地震响应功率谱密度函数的解析表达式,研究了不同频率体系的响应峰值随地面视波速的变化规律,分析了多支撑点、多自由度体系的地震响应功率谱矩阵的特点,发现多自由度体系地震响应随地面视波速的变化规律与单自由度体系相似。数值模拟了某体育馆网壳结构在不同地面视波速情况下的随机地震响应,结果表明,考虑地震动行波效应后,结构地震响应随地面视波速的变化而显著变化,当视波速较低时其变化规律很复杂;且支撑点附近、受拟静力位移影响较大的部分杆件的地震响应明显增大,远离支撑点处、受拟静力位移影响较小的部分杆件的地震响应稍有减小。由此得出结论,对于大跨度空间结构的随机地震响应分析,必须考虑地震动的行波效应,尤其当受拟静力位移影响较大的部分杆件对结构抗震设计起控制作用时;且应对可能出现的地面视波速进行全面分析,作为结构抗震设计依据。 相似文献
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对于高烈度设防区的中等跨径斜拉桥,往往采用漂浮或半漂浮体系结构,为防止梁端位移过大,需在桥塔和主梁之间设置合理的弹性索约束。为了得到合理的弹性索刚度值,以一座中等跨径混凝土斜拉桥为例,首先推导了塔、梁之间弹性约束刚度值的估算公式,并建立桥梁的动力分析模型,利用反应谱方法分析了弹性约束装置刚度参数变化对桥梁动力特性、索塔内力和塔顶、梁端位移的影响规律,通过参数分析得到了与公式计算值相吻合的最优解。分析结果表明:本文的弹性索刚度估算公式可以较准确估算弹性索的刚度初始值;弹性索能有效地控制漂浮、半漂浮体系斜拉桥过大的梁端位移,并改善斜拉桥索塔的受力状况。 相似文献
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《国际地震动态》2016,(3)
近年来,随着国家环保战略的要求,我国三北地区正在酝酿建造一批1 000 MW超临界空冷机组,与之相匹配的间接空冷塔结构一般高达200m以上,直径可达180m以上,进风口高度可达30m以上。建设地点多位于南北地震带中北段,地震危险性高,场地条件复杂。其抗震设计必须面对高烈度、土-结构相互作用以及行波效应等难题。而目前国内外关于超大冷却塔结构高烈度抗震设计问题的相关研究资料很少,可参考资料更是罕见。围绕这一问题,本文采用地震模拟振动台试验与有限元数值模拟分析相结合的手段,对超大冷却塔结构的地震破坏机理、土-结构相互作用、行波效应及其隔震可行性等问题进行了研究探讨,主要完成了以下几方面的工作:(1)采用欠人工质量相似理论设计了原型高度为220m,直径为185m的超大冷却塔结构1:30缩尺试验模型。通过地震模拟振动台试验,获得了考虑不同场地条件的不同烈度工况下超大冷却塔模型结构的动力响应、振动特性及其破坏特征,研究揭示了超大型冷却塔结构的地震作用破坏机理,发现超大冷却塔结构下部的X型支柱上下端部、筒壁最薄的塔筒喉部是其地震薄弱部位,为超大冷却塔结构优化抗震设计提供了依据。通过模型结构有限元数值模拟并与试验结果的对比分析,交互验证了有限元数值模型与试验模型的合理性。(2)针对Ⅱ、Ⅲ类场地条件下高大结构实际存在的地基土-结构相互作用效应问题,提出了对设计谱水平地震最大影响系数αmax采用修正系数αs进行调整的方法,以简化超大冷却塔结构抗震设计分析过程。采用粘弹性阻尼单元模拟地基土边界,以某超大冷却塔结构原型为例进行了地基土-结构相互作用分析。通过对比分析是否考虑土-结构相互作用两个模型的结构动力特性及地震反应,给出了Ⅱ、Ⅲ类场地条件下考虑土-结构相互作用时,冷却塔结构的动力反应规律。(3)综合考虑行波效应不利影响,提出了对设计谱水平地震最大影响系数αmax采用修正系数αT调整的方法,以简化超大冷却塔结构抗震分析过程。仍以前述超大冷却塔结构为例,进行了是否考虑土-结构相互作用效应的超大冷却塔结构行波效应对比分析,指出视波速大于1 000m/s的I类场地条件下,超大冷却塔抗震分析可以不考虑行波效应;视波速≤350m/s的Ⅱ~Ⅲ类场地条件下,建议超大冷却塔结构中应对超大冷却塔行波效应给予足够重视。(4)给出了超大冷却塔结构采用橡胶支座基础隔震技术的设计分析方法。本文采用有限元分析方法,对比研究了是否考虑土-结构相互作用、是否考虑行波效应等条件下超大冷却塔结构采用基础隔震的减震效果。以8度抗震设防为例,证明了超大冷却塔结构采取基础隔震措施后,上部结构各关键节点之间的地震反应相对位移、加速度以及X型支柱位移角均能有效降低,可大幅提升超大冷却塔结构的地震安全性。 相似文献
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基于非线性有限元理论,以某独塔双索面刚构体系斜拉桥为例建立了动力空间有限元模型,对该桥的动力特性进行了研究。在此基础上通过三角级数拟合规范反应谱的方法,合成了适用于结构分析的人造地震波,并以此和两条实际地震记录作为输入地震动,应用时程分析法对比分析了一致激励和行波激励下的结构地震反应。研究结果表明,在考虑纵向+竖向组合作用时,独塔双索面斜拉桥的内力和位移反应比纵向分量单独作用时更为显著;行波效应可以明显减小结构的位移反应,对结构抗震来讲是有利的。以上结论将为此类桥梁的设计和发展提供一定的理论依据。 相似文献
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Introduction The methods of enhancing ability of bridge to resist earthquake disaster can be divided into two aspects. One is enhancing the resisting earthquake ability from the designing ways; the other is adding control devices on the existing structures to effectively control the seismic responses of bridge from the vibration control ways. The great progress has been made in structure control technique in the last years. It has the advantages of security, validity, economical and wide appli… 相似文献
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给出了地震动行波输入下大跨刚构连续桥梁的半主动控制分析方法，在桥梁支座部位设置磁流变阻尼器，对一座五跨刚构连续桥梁进行了不同视波速行波输入下的半主动控制计算分析. 结果表明，行波效应对该大跨刚构连续桥梁的无控制地震反应、半主动控制地震反应和减震效果均有显著影响，对主梁和桥墩均会在较低视波速地震行波输入时表现出不利影响，并且使半主动控制减震效果明显降低. 因此，在确定半主动控制系统的参数时应考虑地震行波效应的影响以确保控震效果. 相似文献
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An evaluation of the wave passage effects on the relevant dynamic properties of structures with flexible foundation is presented. A simple soil–structure system similar to that used in practice to take into account the inertial interaction effects by the soil flexibility is studied. The kinematic interaction effects due to non‐vertically incident P, SV and Rayleigh waves are accounted for in this model. The effective period and damping of the system are obtained by establishing an equivalence between the interacting system excited by the foundation input motion and a replacement oscillator excited by the free‐field ground motion. In this way, the maximum structural response could be estimated from standard free‐field response spectra using the period and damping of the building modified by both the soil flexibility and the travelling wave effects. Also, an approximate solution for the travelling wave problem is examined over wide ranges of the main parameters involved. Numerical results are computed for a number of soil–structure systems to identify under which conditions the effects of wave passage are important. It comes out that these effects are generally negligible for the system period, but they may significantly change the system damping since the energy dissipation within the soil depends on both the wave radiation and the diffraction and scattering of the incident waves by the foundation. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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为探究超高墩三塔斜拉桥在弹性拉索装置下的减震效果,首先利用SAP2000建立了考虑支座非线性和拉索几何非线性的三维有限元模型;其次基于弹性拉索装置,研究了弹性拉索刚度对三塔斜拉桥地震响应的影响;最后基于数值分析结果并结合某三塔斜拉桥实际工程提出3种减震方案。研究表明:在两边塔塔梁结合处设置弹性拉索可显著减小桥梁在地震作用下的内力和位移响应;提出的方案1(两边塔单根弹性索均为50股,单股刚度均为12000kN/m)、方案2(两边塔单根弹性索均为100股,单股刚度均为10000kN/m)和方案3(15#主塔单根弹性拉索100股,单股刚度10000kN/m;17#主塔单根弹性拉索100股,单股刚度为16000kN/m)相较于无弹性索状态,均可有效降低主塔塔底弯矩、塔底剪力、塔顶位移及主梁纵向位移;相较于方案1,方案2和方案3是更优方案。 相似文献
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J. Vanneste 《Annales Geophysicae》1995,13(2):196-210
The instability of an internal gravity wave due to nonlinear wave-wave interaction is studied theoretically and numerically. Three different aspects of this phenomenon are examined. 1. The influence of dissipation on both the resonant and the nonresonant interactions is analysed using a normal mode expansion of the basic equations. In particular, the modifications induced in the interaction domain are calculated and as a result some modes are shown to be destabilised by dissipation. 2. The evolution of an initial unstable disturbance of finite vertical extent is described as the growth of two secondary wave packets travelling at the same group velocity. A quasi-linear correction to the basic primary wave is calculated, corresponding to a localised amplitude decrease due to the disturbance growth. 3. Numerical experiments are carried out to study the effect of a basic shear on wave instability. It appears that the growing secondary waves can have a frequency larger than that of the primary wave, provided that the shear is sufficient. The instability of waves with large amplitude and long period, such as tides or planetary waves, could therefore be invoked as a possible mechanism for the generation of gravity waves with shorter period in the middle atmosphere. 相似文献
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In this paper we discuss two types of crust models with abnormal density, velocity of wave and certain geometrical structures.
The far-field synthetic seismograms of P and SH wave are calculated by the far-field vertical displacement formulas of P and
SH waves with the double couple point source and the formulas of reflection coefficient, radiation pattern and travelling
time difference derived from the models suggested in the paper. It is shown by the results that the effect of special crust
structures near focus on the far-field seismograms can be ignored if the densities and wave velocity of the special structure
are less than average those of the crust (model I). However the effect should be noticed if the densities and wave velosities
of the structure are large than average those of the crust (modelI). The effect of the special crust structure on the far-field seismograms has not been studied further before. Seismic records
of the Haicheng earthquake and the crust structure in Haicheng region are studied by the calculation method in the paper.
The Chinese version of this paper appeared in the Chinese edition ofActa Seismologica Sinica,15, 1993. 相似文献
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Stratospheric warmings are attributed to an enhanced planetary wave activity, occurring nearly each winter – at least in the northern hemisphere – with different strengths. The generation of stratospheric warmings is not totally understood. One of the most promising explanations is the interaction of planetary waves: in many cases, the amplitude of the quasi-stationary planetary wave 1 builds up, until it transmits its momentum and energy to the background wind field. The role of wave 2 is usually considered to be less important.Based on ERA-40 and DYANA temperature data (January–February 1990), we found evidence that a resonant wave–wave interaction between a travelling and a stationary wave 2 was responsible for a minor stratospheric warming in February 1990. The interaction being observed during four weeks can eventually be used as an indication for an upcoming stratospheric warming. 相似文献
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本文采用复变函数方法研究了稳态水平剪切波(SH波)在各向异性弹性半空间中任意形状孔洞上的散射及其对地面运动的影响.在变换空间中构造出自动满足各向异性半空间水平表面上应力为零的散射波函数,并根据孔洞表面应力为零的边界条件,采用最小二乘法求解散射波函数的系数.用介质的各向异性性质来模拟地质条件,给出了SH波作用下含圆孔、椭圆孔和方孔的各向异性半空间表面位移幅值的数值结果,并分析了介质特性、孔洞的形状、埋深、入射波波数及入射角度等因素对地面运动的影响规律.数值结果表明:介质的各向异性对含有孔洞的半空间表面的地表位移具有显著的影响;沿一定角度的入射波在某一频段内所引起的地表位移幅值比各向同性介质的可能要大,且随着孔洞埋深的增加,地表位移的幅值逐渐减小. 相似文献