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通过3个聚丙烯纤维增强混凝土异形柱边节点和1个普通混凝土异形柱边节点的低周反复荷载试验,对比研究了聚丙烯纤维增强对混凝土异形柱节点抗震性能的影响。结果表明:采用聚丙烯纤维增强可以提高节点的开裂荷载和变形能力,减小核心区内裂缝的数量和宽度,延缓构件的刚度退化,减轻节点的累积损伤程度,有效改善节点的破坏形态,有利于节点抗震。 相似文献
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为研究含型钢边缘构件混合连肢墙结构的抗震性能,进行了1个5层1/3缩尺模型试件低周反复加载试验.模型试件的耦连比为30％,根据底部剪力法采用三质点倒三角形加载形式.通过分析试件在循环荷载作用下的破坏形态、滞回曲线、刚度退化、延性及结构的耗能能力等,得到结构的破坏机理,并对结构抗震性能进行了评价.试验结果表明:该结构体系通过钢连梁的剪切变形和墙肢底部的塑性铰变形来耗散能量,能够明显改善钢筋混凝土双肢剪力墙的抗震性能;但是耦连比为30％时,墙肢混凝土裂缝较为集中,破坏主要出现在底部两层,建议提高耦连比进行进一步研究. 相似文献
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《地震工程与工程振动》2020,(3)
通过一榀型钢混凝土梁连接的空腹式型钢高强混凝土短肢剪力墙模型的拟静力试验,考察该类双肢墙的抗震性能及破坏机制。试验结果表明:试件从型钢高强混凝土连梁屈服形成塑性铰,再到墙肢屈服发生破坏,呈现出强墙肢弱连梁的破坏机制,但破坏过程中仍具有较强的脆性特征;试件延性系数、耗能等效黏滞阻尼系数为4.15和0.170,表明该类结构具有较好的抗震变形及耗能能力;当水平位移比Δ/Δ_y=2时,试件剩余刚度只有初始刚度的23.6%,表明该类结构在连梁遭受地震损伤后的刚度退化严重,抗侧稳定性变差。 相似文献
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《地震工程与工程振动》2015,(1)
为研究双钢板高强混凝土联肢剪力墙抗震性能,首先进行了1个试件的拟静力试验,试件的破坏形态为压弯破坏,破坏模式为连梁端部剪坏,端柱底部钢管和墙肢底部钢板屈曲后混凝土压溃。利用ABAQUS软件建立试件的有限元模型,计算结果与试验结果吻合良好。在此基础上,通过单调推覆分析研究了边缘约束构件形式、连梁形式及耦连比等因素对组合联肢剪力墙抗震性能的影响。提出组合联肢墙的抗弯承载力计算公式,计算值与试验值吻合较好。 相似文献
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为了研究不同约束机理的配钢形式对钢与混凝土组合异形柱-钢梁空间中节点抗震性能的影响,设计了4个型钢混凝土异形柱-钢梁空间中节点,并对其进行了低周反复加载试验,在联合钢管混凝土异形柱-钢梁空间中节点抗震性能成果的基础上,对比分析了相关节点在破坏形态、滞回曲线、耗能能力及变形性能方面的差异。研究结果表明:配型钢的空间中节点主要发生剪切斜压破坏,同时具有黏结裂缝的破坏形态,而配钢管的空间中节点则发生了核心区的剪切破坏;钢管节点试件的标准化滞回曲线包围了型钢节点试件,且其抗剪承载能力更好、初始刚度和耗能能力更大,但延性性能没有足够的优势。 相似文献
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《地震工程与工程振动》2016,(5)
内藏分块钢板双肢剪力墙是由钢管混凝土边框、型钢混凝土叠合暗柱、墙肢内藏分块钢板、连梁内藏钢板、混凝土墙体、混凝土连梁等构件组成。对4个1∶5缩尺,剪跨比为1.68,轴压比为0.3的组合双肢剪力墙试件进行了低周反复荷载试验。研究不同内藏钢板布置形式、不同钢板用钢量对试件抗震性能的影响,考察了内藏分块钢板双肢剪力墙的破坏形态、滞回特性、刚度、变形及耗能能力,分析了剪力墙各部件在水平荷载作用下的合理屈服破坏顺序。试验结果表明:4个试件均发生弯剪型破坏,内藏分块钢板双肢剪力墙相比于钢管混凝土边框双肢剪力墙整体抗侧刚度大,具有较强的耗能能力、变形能力及延性,对抗震有利;分块钢板参数选择对双肢剪力墙抗震性能影响明显。 相似文献
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为保证框架柱端塑性铰达到预期的塑性转动之前,柱端塑性铰区不出现剪切破坏,结合框架柱塑性铰区抗剪承载力的试验研究,利用ANSYS对10个框架柱构件塑性铰区的抗剪性能进行了非线性有限元分析;有限元模型中混凝土采用SOLID65单元,钢筋采用LINK8单元,分离式建模,施加约束时将试验构件上梁上端表面的所有节点在竖直方向耦合,以保证塑性铰出现在柱端;计算了10个构件的骨架曲线,框架柱塑性铰区弹性工作阶段、带裂缝工作阶段和破坏阶段的应力云图和破坏时的裂缝分布图,将以上计算结果与试验结果进行了对比,数值计算结果和试验结果符合良好,验证了有限元模型建立的准确性,所建模型可为今后同类问题的非线性有限元计算提供参考。 相似文献
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为研究双向耦合作用对带钢板暗支撑高阻尼混凝土核心筒抗震性能的影响,对两个试件进行了低周往复荷载试验,其中HCW-P加载角度为0°,HCW-D为45°。研究了不同加载角度时,试件的破坏形态、承载力、延性、耗能等。结果表明,斜向45°加载试件的破坏形态与0°加载试件有较大的不同,HCW-D斜裂缝主要集中于中部墙肢,端部墙肢则主要为水平裂缝,而HCW-P则是水平及斜裂缝共存于腹板;在抗震性能方面,HCW-D的屈服位移、极限位移均有提高,延性系数下降,峰值承载力及耗能增加。对HCW-D的混凝土及钢筋应变进行了分析,应变分布表明,在受到正向水平荷载作用时,一个端部墙肢以受拉为主,呈小偏心受拉,另一个则是以受压为主,呈小偏心受压,且中部墙肢洞口约束边缘构件受压较大,连梁参与作用较小。 相似文献
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针对采用预应力钢筋进行干式连接的预制预应力混凝土拼装框架梁柱节点进行抗震性能研究。设计制作了一组节点试件,对其进行低周往复加载试验和数值分析,观测节点变形与破坏特征,得到试件梁端力－位移滞回曲线,分析节点承载力、耗能水平与变形能力。结果表明:通过接缝开合可在较小位移下控制构件的损伤程度,破坏模式以柱端牛腿压剪破坏为主;与现浇混凝土梁柱节点相比,该节点具有良好的变形能力和自复位特征,但是节点整体耗能能力较低;采用简化的基于多折线骨架曲线的本构模型可以对节点的力学性能进行简化等效模拟。 相似文献
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《国际泥沙研究》2014,(4)
正Director:Shangfu Kuang,China Vice-directors:Chunhong Hu,China Duihu Ning,China Guangquan Liu,China The International Research and Training Center on Erosion and Sedimentation(IRTCES)was jointly set up by the Government of China and UNESCO on July 21,1984.It aims at the promotion of international exchange of knowledge and cooperation in the studies of erosion and 相似文献
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《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2014,(3)
正SCIENCE CHINA Earth Sciences,an academic journal cosponsored by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the National Natural Science Foundation of China,and published by Science China Press and Springer,is committed to publishing high-quality,original results in both basic and applied research. 相似文献
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Richard D. Hey 《地球表面变化过程与地形》1979,4(1):59-72
Feedback mechanisms, which operate upstream through drawdown and backwater effects and downstream through sediment discharge are responsible for channel evolution. By combining these mechanisms with channel processes it euables a dynamic process-response model to be developed to simulate the initial evolution of straight gravel-bed channels. When erosion commences on a land surface, sediment entrained in the headwater reach by hydraulic action is selectively transported, deposited and reworked. This produces a damped oscillation between degradation and aggradation as the channel and valley respond to spatial and temporal variations in sediment calibre and hydraulic conditions. The initial cut and fill phases are responsible for valley incision and floodplain development while secondary and subsequent activity can produce river terraces. Eventually sediment entrainment in the headwaters declines as slopes are reduced. Subsequent channel evolution is relatively insignificant because it is dependent on local weathering activity producing material that can be transported on declining slopes. Therefore landforms produced during the initial phase of development, when local weathering was non-limiting, dominate the landscape. 相似文献
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Based on relocating the Jiujiang-Ruichang earthquake sequence which occurred on November 26, 2005 in Jiangxi Province with the double-difference （DD） algorithm and master event technique, the paper discusses the focal mechanism of the main shock （MsS.7） and the probable seismo-tectonics. The precise relocation results indicate that the average horizontal error is 0.31kin in a EW direction and 0.40kin in a NS direction, and the average depth error is 0.48kin. The focal depths vary from 8kin to 14kin, with the predominant distribution at 10kin - 12kin. The epicenter of the main shock is relocated to be 29.69^oN, 115.74^oE and the focal depth is about 10.Skin. Combining the predominant distribution of the earthquake sequence, the focal mechanism of the main shock and the tectonic conditions of N-E- and NW-strike faults growth in the seismic region, we infer that the main shock of the earthquake sequence was caused by a NW striking buried fault in the Rnichang basin. The nature of seismic faults needs to be further explored. 相似文献
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《水文科学杂志》2013,58(6)
Abstract The western reservoirs represent the principal groundwater system in Morocco. Demographic, industrial and agricultural developments during the last decade have markedly altered groundwater quality. The Mamora coastal aquifer system is among the Atlantic systems which are most heavily threatened by pollution. Agricultural and industrial activities, and rapid urban growth contribute to the pollution of the groundwater. Contamination transport is facilitated by a high permeability of the aquifer formations. In order to assess the actual groundwater quality of the Mamora aquifer and to understand the influence of the factors generating the pollution, an extensive multidisciplinary research programme is in progress, with hydrochemistry and microbiology playing essential roles. The present paper concerns the spatial distribution of physico-chemical parameters in the groundwater, subjected to domestic, industrial and agricultural pollution. Fifty-seven samples were analysed for several parameters (Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, Cl?, SO4 2?, HCO3 ?, NO3 ?, pH, electrical conductivity and temperature). The microbiological analysis of 143 samples reveals the presence of four kinds of indicator bacteria in the groundwater resources: faecal Streptococci, faecal coliform, Escherichia coli and Clostridium. The physico-chemical results and bacteriological monitoring show that the nitrate and bacteria concentrations exceed the maximum admissible levels, notably around pumping stations in the sectors of Sidi Taibi, Sidi Ahmed Taleb and Aïn Sbaâ. Contamination is generated by uncontrolled anthropogenic activities and accentuated by the high intrinsic vulnerability of the aquifer system. Several parameters appeared to exceed admissibility standards. Measures are recommended to prevent groundwater pollution in the region. 相似文献
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K.-G. Malle 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》1992,20(4):196-204
Zinc in the Environment. In 1990 the world production of zinc ammounted to 7 Mio. metric tons. The main areas of application were: galvanization, alloys like brass and zinc metal. The content in the earth crust varies between 10–300 ppm zinc with a mean of 70 ppm. Uncontaminated surface waters contain less than 10 mg/m3 zinc. Apart from civilization air contains 1–10 ng zinc per m3. These background concentrations are exceeded by orders of magnitude in zinc deposit areas and where anthropogenic influences predominate. Accumulation can occur in sediments and sewage sludge. Molluscs and Algae also accumulate zinc. Zinc is essential for live. With normal food the zinc supply of man is just sufficient. Bioaccumulation of zinc towards man or chronic oversupply of man is not known. Zinc has no teratogenic or mutagenic effects, a suspicion on a carcinogenic effect proved wrong. In stockbreeding and plant cultivation a minimum supply of zinc is necessary. Plants are relatively less sensitive against higher soil contents of zinc. Considering the toxicological and ecotoxicological effects of zinc in the environment, the critical organismens are marine invertebratae like tubifex, daphnia, gammarus and algae. But normally only a minor part of the total zinc contest is biologically available, depending on salt content and pH of the waters. 相似文献