共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 93 毫秒
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本文在对称地震矩张量反演的基础上，进一步研究了非对称地震矩张量时间域反演的理论与方法，结果表明:非对称地震矩张量反演与对称地震矩张量反演类似，只需将对称地震矩张量反演方法略加改动，即增加3个待解参数，便可实现非对称地震矩张量反演.为了判断非对称地震矩张量反演相对于对称地震矩张量反演是否存在过度拟合，运用了AIC准则 (赤池信息准则).为了定量地描述地震矩张量之间的差异，引入了地震矩张量的矢量表示法.通过分析格林函数与地震矩张量各分量之间的关系，得出:在非对称地震矩张量反演时，若仅用垂直向地动位移数据，将无法区分Mxy与Myx这两个分量, 需要同时运用垂直向与水平向地动位移数据进行联合反演才能区分Mxy与Myx; 若采用不同的速度结构模型或不同的格林函数计算方法，则需重新评估地震矩张量各分量的分辨度问题.为检验非对称地震矩张量反演方法的可行性, 利用合成地震图进行了一系列数值试验.数值试验结果表明，在非对称地震矩张量反演中，有必要引入S波进行P波与S波联合反演以提高反演的准确性和判定断层面的能力. 相似文献
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地震动旋转分量可以提供传统平动分量所欠缺的空间梯度信息,理论上可以提升对震源参数的约束.本文对旋转分量用于矩张量反演进行了较为全面的数值试验.首先分析了均匀无限空间中位错点源产生的旋转波场与平动波场在辐射花样上的互补性,由此推测旋转分量用于矩张量反演能提供额外的约束.随后基于层状介质模型合成的平动和旋转记录,开展了地震矩张量反演测试研究.我们通过对比反演得到的矩张量、矩张量差异角Δφ和地震矩,定量评估在矩张量反演中引入旋转分量的作用,发现在合适的条件下,在原平动记录基础上加入旋转记录来联合反演会显著提升反演结果的可靠性,可减小矩张量差异角Δφ30%以上,极端条件下70%以上;如保持总记录数量不变(即在部分台站添加旋转分量替换其他台站的平动分量),某些矩张量元素反演效果会变好,但某些元素可能会变差.整体而言,在多数台站分布的情况下加入旋转都能起到强于增加同等数目平动台站的作用.同时,我们还发现在低频情况下,旋转分量对于深度非常敏感,引入旋转分量对于约束矩心深度有非常显著的效果.此外,还尝试了不同的试验条件,发现在低频、震中距较小、信噪比较低、速度结构模型较为准确的情况下,加入旋转分量对结果的提升更明显.整体而言,尽管旋转分量的使用需要满足一定的条件,将旋转用于矩张量反演是可行的,它能为矩张量反演提供与平动分量互补的信息,在稀疏台站和密集平动的台站的情况下加入旋转观测将显著增强对地震的监测能力. 相似文献
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微地震矩张量能够描述储层岩石破坏的细节,有助于了解水力压裂储层的地质力学特征,震源机制矩张量反演对于非常规油气开发具有重要的作用.水力压裂通常在页岩油气储层中进行,震源区介质表现出速度和衰减各向异性,需要研究衰减各向异性介质中微地震信号的传播规律.基于观测到的微地震记录,通过波形反演能够获得矩张量,忽视震源区介质的衰减和速度各向异性会导致震源机制反演结果的误差.本文提出了一种考虑地层各向异性吸收衰减作用的震源机制全波形反演方法,对于黏弹性VTI介质,采用GPU并行的伪谱法计算合成地震记录,通过全波形反演方法匹配合成波形和记录波形,借助优化算法获得震源机制矩张量反演结果.本文通过实验测试验证了该方法的有效性,分析了震源区各向异性速度和衰减参数、噪声以及观测系统等对于微地震震源机制各分量及成分反演结果的影响,研究表明考虑模型中的黏弹性各向异性对于获得可靠的震源机制反演结果非常重要. 相似文献
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兰州数字地震台网的格林函数库与快速矩张量反演预研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
甘肃省是我国地震多发地区之一,如何利用兰州数字地震台网的波形资料确定中小地震的地震矩张量等震源新参数已成为急需考虑的问题。本文重点介绍了利用台网记录的波形资料快速反演中小地震的地震矩张量所需要的两项非常基础而重要的工作,即速度模型的确立和格林函数库的建立。为了说明格林函数库技术在矩张量快速反演中的可行性和优越性,还给出了122个中小地震的矩张量反演的试验性结果。 相似文献
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2013年吉林前郭MS5.8震群为爆发性震群，目前余震活动仍然在持续.基于吉林、辽宁、黑龙江、内蒙古四省地震台网记录的前郭震群波形资料，利用波形信噪比、震源类型、台站及速度模型组合的指标选择最佳的反演方案，应用矩张量的三种反演模式，对序列中5个MS≥5.0地震进行矩张量反演研究，获得了全矩张量、偏矩张量和纯双力偶的矩张量.使用F-test对地震的三种模式的矩张量反演结果进行显著性检验来确定最佳反演模式.结果显示，5个地震的最优矩张量解均为全矩张量模式反演获得的结果，其双力偶分量仅有20%~65%，矩心深度位于地下3~4 km处，地震在Hudson震源类型图上的投影远离双力偶震源类型区域.这些结果表明，震源类型并非典型的构造地震，推断前郭地震可能是与人类活动有关的诱发地震. 相似文献
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本文利用全球地震台网（GSN）的宽频带与长周期地震波形资料，采用矩张量反演的新方法，反演得到了2008年5月12日四川省汶川县MS8.0地震及其7个较大余震（MS5.0-6.0）的矩张量解与震源时间函数等震源参数.文章首先简要叙述矩张量反演新方法的理论背景和技术途径，并以汶川大地震的一个余震为例阐述了具体的实现过程；然后给出包括主震在内的8次地震的矩张量解和震源时间函数；最后分析探讨这些结果的构造意义.本文提出的矩张量反演新方法，不但与全球矩心矩张量（GCMT）一样，可以给出点源矩张量解，而且还可以给出点源的震源时间函数. 反演得到的汶川大地震的7个较大余震的震源时间函数表明，即使是中等强度的地震也可能有复杂的震源过程；汶川大地震的多数余震发生在以逆冲为主、兼具小量走滑分量的龙门山断裂带的主断裂上，但很可能有些余震则发生在主断裂附近的次级走滑断裂上. 相似文献
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通过综合分析2008年5月12日汶川地震野外地震地质考察的地表破裂带空间分布及分段资料，结合InSAR干涉形变场资料，构建了五段断层几何结构模型，该模型与野外地震地质考察结果在多数分段上基本一致；基于此五段断层模型，运用敏感性迭代拟合算法反演了汶川地震InSAR同震形变场，获得了断层滑动分布及部分震源参数.结果表明,基于余震精定位获得的地震断层倾角模型模拟的同震形变场与InSAR形变场吻合较好，且残差较小；反演的滑动分布主要集中于地下0～20 km，最大滑动量分别位于北川及青川等地区，最大可达到10 m；沿SW-NE走向，断层面的滑动方向主要以右旋兼逆冲形式为主，在汶川及都江堰地区以强烈的逆冲为主兼有一定右旋走滑分量，在北川及映秀地区以逆冲兼右旋运动为主，在平武及青川等地区则逐渐过渡为以右旋运动为主兼有一定的逆冲分量，其中汶川地区的平均滑动角为97°，北川地区的平均滑动角为119°，青川地区平均滑动角为138°.反演矩张量为7.7×1020 N·m，矩震级达Mw7.9. 相似文献
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The moment tensor solutions of 51 small to moderate earthquakes occurred in the Capital Region in the year of 2004 are obtained by inverting the broadband waveform data. Accordingly, other source parameters, such as scalar seismic moments, moment magnitudes, double-couple （DC） components and compensated-linear-vector-dipole （CLVD） components, are determined as well as fault parameters and stress-axis parameters. The inverted results are evaluated by groups of numerical tests. 相似文献
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Ambiguous Moment Tensors and Radiation Patterns in Anisotropic Media with Applications to the Modeling of Earthquake Mechanisms in W-Bohemia 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Anisotropic material properties are usually neglected during inversions for source parameters of earthquakes. In general anisotropic media, however, moment tensors for pure-shear sources can exhibit significant non-double-couple components. Such effects may be erroneously interpreted as an indication for volumetric changes at the source. Here we investigate effects of anisotropy on seismic moment tensors and radiation patterns for pure-shear and tensile-type sources. Anisotropy can significantly influence the interpretation of the source mechanisms. For example, the orientation of the slip within the fault plane may affect the total seismic moment. Also, moment tensors due to pure-shear and tensile faulting can have similar characteristics depending on the orientation of the elastic tensor. Furthermore, the tensile nature of an earthquake can be obscured by near-source anisotropic properties. As an application, we consider effects of inhomogeneous anisotropic properties on the seismic moment tensor and the radiation patterns of a selected type of micro-earthquakes observed in W-Bohemia. The combined effects of near-source and along-path anisotropy cause characteristic amplitude distortions of the P, S1 and S2 waves. However, the modeling suggests that neither homogeneous nor inhomogeneous anisotropic properties alone can explain the observed large non-double-couple components.The results also indicate that a correct analysis of the source mechanism, in principle, is achievable by application of anisotropic moment tensor inversion. 相似文献
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MOMENT DEFICITS ON THE MAJOR FAULTS AND EARTHQUAKE HAZARD ASSESSMENT IN THE EASTERN HIMALAYAN SYNTAXIS 
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下载免费PDF全文 The Eastern Himalayan Syntaxis(EHS)is a critical region for studying the tectonic evolution of Tibetan plateau, which was affected by the intense seismic activities. We use the theory of moment balance, GPS velocities and historical earthquake records to analyze the moment deficits in the EHS, assess the future seismicity and further to predict the recurrence interval of the 1950 Chayu MS8.6 earthquake.
We first collected multiple sets of GPS velocity fields and combined them to reduce the systematic bias. Then a micro-blocks model, constrained by GPS velocities, was built by TDEFNODE software to simultaneously invert the fault elastic strain parameters and rigid motion parameters based on the grid research and simulated annealing methods. The long-term slip rates on the faults were further estimated by the differential motions between the neighboring blocks. The results show that the nearly NS dextral strike-slip faults, Naga Fault and Sagaing Fault, slip with the average rates of ~10.6 and ~16.6mm/a, which are consistent with the lateral extrusion in the Tibetan plateau. However, the Main Frontal Thrust shows a distinguished sinistral strike-slip feature(6~10mm/a), possibly caused by the NNE pushing from the Indian plate to the Eurasian plate. On the other hand, because the EHS is located in frontal area of the collision between Indian and Eurasian plate, most faults show thrusting feature. The most obvious one is the Mishimi Fault, slipping with the rate of 23.3mm/a, implying that the convergence rate of the Indo-European plates is largely absorbed by this fault. The moment accumulation rate in the EHS is higher than the average rate in the Tibetan plateau and the total moment accumulation is(1.15±0.03)×1022 N·m in the last 200a. About 59.7% and 21.6% of the moment accumulation rate concentrate on the Main Frontal Thrust and Mishimi Fault.
Second, we selected the earthquake records occurring on the upper crust since 1800AD to analyze the moment release in the EHS based on the data from the International Seismological Centre, United States Geological Survey, and catalogue of historical strong earthquakes in China and some other previous studies. In addition, the Global Centroid Moment Tensor Project and linear regression method were adopted to estimate the relationship between body wave magnitude(mb), surface wave magnitude(MS), local magnitude(ML)and the moment(M0). Then we further estimated the total fault moment release in the EHS, (5.50±2.54)×1021N·m, which is significantly lower than the total moment accumulation. About 79.2% of the moment release occurs on the Mishimi Fault, this is because the 1950 MS8.6 Chayu earthquake is assumed to have ruptured on this fault.
Finally, the present-day moment deficits on the faults in the EHS were calculated by the differences between the moment accumulation and release, which represent the possibility to produce earthquakes on the upper crust faults in the future. The largest moment deficit was found on the Main Frontal Thrust near Bhutan, which is able to rupture with MW8.1+. Similarly, earthquakes with MW7.5+ and MW7.3+ have the potentials to occur on the Naga Fault and the Jiali Fault near Tongmai. However, the future earthquake scales may be less than MW7.1 on the remaining faults. Moderate minor earthquakes are the main activity in the area near the Yarlung Zangbo Suture zone and the southern Sagaing Fault. Although the Chayu MS8.6 earthquake occurred near the Mishimi Fault and the eastern MFT, the earthquake risk on those two faults cannot be ignored. Meanwhile, no matter which fault produced the Chayu earthquake, its recurrence will likely be 660a to 1 030a. 相似文献
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北部湾地震的动力学参数与应力场 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
从震源机制和动力学参数方面讨论了北部湾地震的震源应力场，结果表明，主震是在北东东向构造的作用下发生的，同时计算了动力学参数如破裂长度，地震矩，应力降，破裂面积和平均位错等，并探讨了非线性地震与较大余震的关系。 相似文献
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本文利用紫坪铺水库台网记录到的波形资料,计算了2004～2008年170个ML≥1.0级地震的震源参数.紫坪铺水库震源参数计算结果与其他大陆地区有明显不同:(1)拐角频率远低于其他大陆地区结果,表明库区地震波传播经过了较强的衰减过程;(2)视应力计算结果比其他地区小3个数量级,可能是由于库区地震波的高频成分衰减强烈,低估了能量集中在高频的小地震的地震辐射能量.分析了蓄水前后拐角频率和地震矩以及视应力和地震矩关系(视应力标度率)变化,结果表明:相同地震矩的地震蓄水后拐角频率增加,地震高频成分相对丰富;蓄水前视应力与地震矩的关系不明显,蓄水后视应力随地震矩的增加而增加.视应力标度率的改变可能是蓄水后地震震源物理过程逐渐改变的直接反映. 相似文献
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本文把地震矩和地面加速度之间的理论关系与地震烈度和该加速度之间的经验关系结合起来,导出了使用Ⅵ度等震线平均半径估算我国历史大地震矩震级的公式。 我们使用这一公式给出了53个大地震的矩震级,并对其它震源参数作了计算和讨论。从本文的结果来看,板内地震的矩震级不大于9.0。 相似文献
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Source parameters of some large earthquakes in Northern Aegean determined by body waveform inversion 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Anastasia A. Kiratzi Gregory S. Wagner Charles A. Langston 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1991,135(4):515-527
Average source parameters for three large North Aegean events are obtained from body wave inversion for the moment tensor. The parameters for the events are as follows:
The events exhibit dextral strike-slip faulting with theT axis striking NS and nearly horizontal, implying extension in this direction. The focal mechanisms obtained are in agreement with the seismotectonic regime of the North Aegean. It is known that the region is tectonically controlled by the existence of the strike-slip Anatolian fault and its westward continuation in the Aegean, as well as the NS extension the whole Aegean area undergoes.The components of the moment tensor show that the region is dominated by compression in the EW direction which is encompassed by extension in the NS direction. All the events were found to be shallow (10 km) with a source time function of approximately 8 s duration and small stress drop values.The teleseismic long period verticalP-waves exhibited distortions, that could be attributed to lateral inhomogeneities in the source structure or more probably to a nonflat water-crust interface. 相似文献