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Ship board testing of a deoxygenation ballast water treatment 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
McCollin T Quilez-Badia G Josefsen KD Gill ME Mesbahi E Frid CL 《Marine pollution bulletin》2007,54(8):1170-1178
A ship board trial of a deoxygenation method for treating ballast water was carried out during a voyage from Southampton (United Kingdom) to Manzanillo (Panama). A nutrient solution added to two ballast tanks encouraged bacterial growth, resulting in a gradual change to an anoxic environment. Samples were taken from two treated tanks and two untreated tanks to assess changes in the abundance and viability of zooplankton, phytoplankton and bacteria. The work was carried out before the International Maritime Organization (IMO) standard was agreed so only a broad indication of whether the results achieved the standard was given. For the zooplankton, the standard would have been achieved within 5 or 7 days but the phytoplankton results were inconclusive. The biological efficacy was the result of the combination of several factors, including the treatment, pump damage and an increase in the water temperature during the voyage. 相似文献
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On board short-time high temperature heat treatment of ballast water: a field trial under operational conditions 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
Quilez-Badia G McCollin T Josefsen KD Vourdachas A Gill ME Mesbahi E Frid CL 《Marine pollution bulletin》2008,56(1):127-135
A ballast water short-time high temperature heat treatment technique was applied on board a car-carrier during a voyage from Egypt to Belgium. Ballast water from three tanks was subjected for a few seconds to temperatures ranging from 55 degrees C to 80 degrees C. The water was heated using the vessel's heat exchanger steam and a second heat exchanger was used to pre-heat and cool down the water. The treatment was effective at causing mortality of bacteria, phytoplankton and zooplankton. The International Maritime Organization (IMO) standard was not agreed before this study was carried out, but comparing our results gives a broad indication that the IMO standard would have been met in some of the tests for the zooplankton, in all the tests for the phytoplankton; and probably on most occasions for the bacteria. Passing the water through the pump increased the kill rate but increasing the temperature above 55 degrees C did not improve the heat treatment's efficacy. 相似文献
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本文报告646例经皮细针穿刺活检和介入性治疗。穿刺活检459例,介入性治疗187例。穿刺活检部位:腹部175例,其中肝脏81例,胰腺56例,腹腔包块7例,肾脏22例,肾上腺5例,脾脏3例,前列腺1例;胸212例;骨骼肌肉系统52例;颅脑20例。介入性治疗:硬化剂治疗156例,其中肾囊肿硬化剂治疗142例,肝囊肿硬化剂治疗14例;抽吸和/或引流25例,其中脑出血血肿抽吸占19例;CT 导引下电针治疗5例;交感神经阴断术1例。各部位穿刺活检正确率是有差异的,肝脏为94%,肾脏95%,胰腺和腹腔包块89%,胸部91%,骨骼肌肉系统90%,颅脑90%。介入性治疗闻效肾囊肿硬化剂治疗为96%,肝囊肿硬化剂治疗为82%,抽吸或引流为87%,并发症发生率胸部为7.5%,腹部为0.06%,颅脑为7.5%。本文详细讨论了穿刺针选择,技术要点。影响正确率的因素等。 相似文献
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加固地基是增强地基抗震性能的一种行之有效的方法。加固地基可提高地基抗液化能力，改善地基土的动力特性，减轻砂土地基的液化势；通过对地基土产生预震效应，提高了加固地基整体的强度、刚度和稳定性。对震害严重的厚冲积层或厚软土层，用高压喷射注浆法进行加固处理有其独特的优越性。 相似文献
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人工湿地植物研究 总被引：203，自引：10，他引：193
本文阐述了植物在人工湿地污水净化过程中作用及存在的若干问题,提出了研究人工湿地植物的一些设想,植物在人工湿地中起着非常重要的作用,不但直接摄取利用污水中的营养物质、吸收富集污水中的重金属等有毒有害物质;而且输送氧气到根区,提供根区微生物生长、繁殖和降解对氧的需求;还能维持和加强人工湿地系统内的水力学传输,但目前人工湿地植物的应用还存在着枯死衰退、杂草丛生和根系扩展较浅等问题,影响人工湿地的净化功能,通过对人工湿地植物生理生态特性如气体代谢、光合作用、逆境生理和相生相克等研究,筛选出优良植物种类,创造适宜人工生,将有利于发育发挥湿地植物功能,提高人工湿地污水处理能力。 相似文献
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CT导向下肾囊肿穿刺硬化治疗 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
本文报导２０例肾囊肿穿刺硬化治疗,囊肿大小为３．６￣９．０ｃｍ,囊肿容积为３５￣３５８ｍｌ。术后３个月￣一年后随访复查,疗效达９５％。其中囊腔完全消失者为８５％。文中就穿刺硬化技术,方法及操作经验进行了讨论。 相似文献
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Experimental results of pressure-induced changes in mean magnetic susceptibility of rock samples from the main KTB borehole are reported. It was found that susceptibility values of rocks from depths between 5200 and 7000 m show unstable behaviour upon application of pressure, showing an increase in susceptibility of between 20 and 120%. This unstable behaviour was only detected in samples from the above mentioned depth interval, which contain both ferrimagnetic and antiferromagnetic phases of pyrrhotite. On the basis of thermomagnetic analysis, magnetic field treatment, optical microscopy and domain observations of undeformed and deformed samples, reasons for this instability are discussed and interpreted in relation to redistribution of internal stresses within the ferrimagnetic phase, resulting in changes in domain wall mobility. 相似文献
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转MT-like基因衣藻的重金属结合能力与抗性特征分析 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
通过对转MT－like基因衣藻和其野生品系的比较分析,发现转基因藻株对重金属镉和铜的结合能力及抗性均有大幅提高。在重金属结合能力方面,低浓度（5－10μmol/L）的镉溶液中,转基因藻重金属结合量是野生株的1.5倍左右,而相对高浓度（30－50μmol/L）的镉溶液中,由于重金属对藻细胞的毒害作用,使两者的差异不明显。在重金属铜和镉的抗性,转基因藻表现出明显高于野生藻株的抗性特征。用转基因藻去处理含铜的工业废水,结果发现转基因藻的处理效率可以提高10％以上。这说明DNA重组技术对提高藻类的废水处理效率方面具有较大的潜力。 相似文献
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The flux of fluvial carbon from the terrestrial biosphere to the world's oceans is known to be an important component of the global carbon cycle, but within this pathway, the flux and return of carbon to the river network via sewage effluent has not been quantified. In this study, monitoring data from 2000 to 2016 for the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration, biochemical oxygen demand, and chemical oxygen demand of the final effluent of sewage treatment works from across England were examined to assess the amount of DOC contributing to national‐scale fluvial fluxes of carbon. The study shows that the median concentration of DOC in final effluent was 9.4 compared with 4.8 mg C/L for all surface waters for the United Kingdom over the study period and that the DOC in final effluent significantly declined over the study period from 11.0 to 6.4 mg C/L. Rivers receiving sewage effluent showed a significant, on average 19%, increase in DOC concentration downstream of sewage discharges. At the scale of the United Kingdom, the flux of DOC in final effluent was 31 ktonnes C/year with a per capita export of 0.55 kg C/year and compared with an average annual flux of DOC from the United Kingdom of 859 ktonnes C/year, that is, only 3.6% of national‐scale flux. The lability of this DOC was limited, with only 7.4% loss of final effluent DOC concentration over in‐stream residence times of up to 5 days. The direct decline in DOC concentration from sewage treatment works was not large enough on its own to explain the declines observed in DOC concentration in U.K. rivers at their tidal limit. 相似文献
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The distributed hydrology soil–vegetation model (DHSVM) was applied to the small watersheds WS1, 2, 3 in H.J. Andrews Experimental Forest, Oregon, and tested for skill in simulating observed forest treatment effects on streamflow. These watersheds, located in the rain–snow transition zone, underwent road and clearcut treatments during 1959–66 and subsequent natural regeneration. DHSVM was applied with 10 m and 1 h resolution to 1958–98, most of the period of record. Water balance for old‐growth WS2 indicated that evapotranspiration and streamflow were unlikely to be the only loss terms, and groundwater recharge was included to account for about 12% of precipitation; this term was assumed zero in previous studies. Overall efficiency in simulating hourly streamflow exceeded 0·7, and mean annual error was less than 10%. Model skill decreased at the margins, with overprediction of low flows and underprediction of high flows. However, statistical analyses of simulated and observed peakflows yielded similar characterizations of treatment effects. Primary simulation weaknesses were snowpack accumulation, snowmelt under rain‐on‐snow conditions, and production of quickflow. This was the first test of DHSVM against observations of both control and treated watersheds in a classic paired‐basin study involving a long time period of forest regrowth and hydrologic recovery. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Destruction of hydrogen sulfide by a wire‐tube dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) AC plasma reactor was carried out at atmospheric pressure and room temperature. Six aspects, effect of applied voltage, initial H2S concentration, gas flow rate, pellets in the reactor, DBD reactor materials, and DBD dielectric thickness on H2S removal efficiency were investigated. Furthermore, specific energy density (SED), absolute removal amount (ARA), and energy yield (EY) during the discharge process were investigated at the same time. In addition, ozone generation during the decomposition of H2S was also studied. Experimental results demonstrated the application of DBD AC plasma was an effective technology for odor elimination. 相似文献