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1.
济阳坳陷新生代构造－热演化历史研究   总被引：27，自引：2，他引：27       下载免费PDF全文
沉积盆地的热历史是盆地的构造演化研究和油气资源评价及油气成藏的重要参数.本文利用磷灰石裂变径迹和镜质体反射率古温标模拟计算了济阳坳陷70口单井新生代以来的热演化历史，在此基础上分析了济阳坳陷内东营、沾化、惠民和车镇4个凹陷的地温梯度演化特征.研究结果表明，济阳坳陷新生代以来的古地温梯度是逐渐降低的，但在早第三纪时期下降的幅度较大，而在晚第三纪－第四纪则下降的幅度明显较小；济阳坳陷在孔店组沉积时期的地温梯度为540～500℃/km之间，沙河街沉积时期为500～400℃/km，东营组沉积时期为400～385℃/km，晚第三纪时期为385～355℃/km，第四纪以来基本未变.坳陷内4个凹陷的古地温梯度演化存在差异，特别是在早第三纪末期的东营构造运动以后，各凹陷的地温梯度演化差异更加明显.在晚第三纪时期，济阳坳陷各凹陷的地温梯度变化均较小，地温梯度的高低依次为东营凹陷、沾化凹陷、惠民凹陷和车镇凹陷.车镇凹陷的古地温梯度在整个新生代演化历史中均是济阳坳陷最低的.这种地温演化的差异与各凹陷的构造沉降演化史密切相关，同时地温演化差异也导致了各凹陷的烃源岩在生烃门限深度的差异.济阳坳陷的古地温梯度演化特征反映了济阳坳陷由断陷向坳陷的构造演化特征.  相似文献   

2.
Terrestrialheatflowdensityistheamountofheatperunitareatransferringfromtheearthinteriortosurface,whichisanexteriorcharacteristicofthethermalandgeodynamicprocessesoccurringindeepmantle[1].Heatflow,asthemostdirectmannerofthermalprocessindeepearthandembodyingabundantinformationofgeology,geophysicsandgeodynamics,isasyntheticallythermalindexandplaysaveryimportantroleinstudyingnotonlytheactivityofcrust,thermalstructureofcrustanduppermantle,aswellasrheologicalstructureoflithosphere,butalsotheevaluation…  相似文献   

3.
济阳孔店转型期识别标志及盆地特征   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1  
济阳地区孔店组与上覆地层的分界线,一直是困扰着孔店组构造层序石油地贡研究与勘探的关键问题,笔者通过区域地震大剖面的研究,首次从地震剖面找到了孔店组顶、底不整合界面．为研究孔店组原型盆地奠定了基础．研究发现东营凹陷孔店组盆地与沙河街组盆地同受北部控盆断层控制,控盆断层东部为北西向,向西转为近东西向,东部可见小角度的角度不整合;而惠民凹陷孔店组盆地受北掉的南部北东向断层系控制,形成南断北超的半地堑,与上覆沙河街组北断南超半地堑叠置,孔店组与沙四段之间有明显跷跷板现象,沙四段向南翘倾作用使得孔店组根部地层大幅度剥蚀,产生孔店组与上覆地层之间明显角度不整合．东营与惠民凹陷的孔店组盆地通过林樊家～青城构造调节带衔接,济阳地区北部沾化凹陷、车镇凹陷孔店期为零星小盆地,孔店组的油气勘探重点应放在东营与惠民,由于东营孔店组盆地所受的改造相对较少,应为首选目标．  相似文献   

4.
济阳坳陷地温场分布特征   总被引：31，自引：5，他引：31       下载免费PDF全文
在整理和分析了703口钻井测温资料的基础上，编制了济阳坳陷现今地温梯度分布图、4～6km深度的地温分布图和下第三系沙四段顶界面地温分布图. 研究表明：济阳坳陷的现今地温梯度平均为35.5℃/km，其中沾化、东营、车镇和惠民等4个主要凹陷地温梯度平均值分别为36.1℃/km、35.5℃/km、35.4℃/km和34.6℃/km，外围的潍北凹陷为35.0℃/km. 地温和地温梯度分布主要受凸凹相间的构造格局控制，与基底埋深有关，表现为凸起区高、凹陷区低的特征. 另外，济阳坳陷一些地温梯度相对较高的地区与新生代的火山岩分布基本吻合. 盆地基底埋深，即盆内凸起凹陷的分布，受盆地形成过程中岩石圈伸展控制，火山岩的分布也与岩石圈伸展作用有关，所以，济阳坳陷的地温场分布特征是由构造演化决定的. 研究结果还表明，济阳坳陷大部分地区沙四段目前还处在油气液态窗内.  相似文献   

5.
The Bohai Basin is a petroliferous Cenozoic basin in northeast China (Fig. 1(a)) and has apparent geo- metrical and kinematic similarities with the other Meso-Cenozoic extensional basins located along the eastern margin of the Eurasian Plate[1,2]. Its architec- ture and Cenozoic stratigraphy have been well under- stood from several decades of petroleum exploration. Previous studies have suggested that the Bohai Basinis a typical extensional basin and has two tectonic evolution phases, rift…  相似文献   

6.
Based on the data of geo-temperature and thermophysical parameters of rocks in the Kuqa Depression and the Tabei Uplift, northern flank of the Tarim Basin, in terms of the analytical solution of 1-D heat transfer equation, the thermal structure of the lithosphere under this region is determined. Our results show that the average surface heat flow of the northern flank of the Tarim Basin is 45 mW/m2, and the mantle heat flow is between 20 and 23 mW/m2; the temperature at crust-mantle boundary (Moho) ranges from 514℃ to 603℃ and the thermal lithosphere where the heat conduction dominates is 138-182 km thick. Furthermore, in combination with the P wave velocity structure resulting from the deep seismic sounding profile across this region and rheological modeling, we have studied the local composition of the lithosphere and its rheological profile, as well as the strength distribution. We find that the rheological stratification of the lithosphere in this region is apparent. The lowermost of the lower crust is ductile; however,the uppermost of the mantle and the upper and middle parts of the crust are both brittle layers,which is typically the so-called sandwich-like structure. Lithospheric strength is also characterized by the lateral variation, and the uplift region is stronger than the depression region. The lithospheric strength of the northem flank of the Tarim Basin decreases gradually from south to north; the Kuqa Depression has the lowest strength and the south of the Tabei Uplift is strongest.The total lithospheric strength of this region is 4.77× 1012-5.03 × 1013 N/m under extension, and 6.5 × 1012-9.4× 1013 N/m under compression. The lithospheric brittle-ductile transition depth is between 20 km and 33 km. In conclusion, the lithosphere of the northern flank of the Tarim Basin is relatively cold with higher strength, so it behaves rigidly and deforms as a whole, which is also supported by the seismic activity in this region. This rigidity of the Tarim lithosphere makes it little deform interior, but only into flexure under the sedimentation and tectonic loading associated with the rapid uplift of the Tianshan at its northern margin during the Indian-Eurasian continental collision following the Late Eocene. Finally, the influences of factors, such as heat flow, temperature,crustal thickness, and especially basin sediment thickness, on the lithospheric strength are discussed here.  相似文献   

7.
Oils from two lacustrine rift basins in east China are thoroughly investigated using geochemical method to understand controls on alkylphenol occurrence and distribution in oils. Oils in the Lujiapu Depression, Kailu Basin are derived from the Cretaceous source rocks, and those in the Dongying De- pression, Bohai Bay Basin, from the Tertiary source rocks. All oils are experienced relatively short distance of migration and have similar maturity in each basin. Differences in homologue distributions from different oilfields are most likely caused by organic facies variation of source rocks. The oils in the Lujiapu Depression are characterized by high proportion of C3 alkylphenols (prefixes refer to the number of alkylcarbons joined to the aromatic ring of the phenol molecule) and low proportion of cre- sols and C2 alkylphenols compared to oils from the Dongying Depression. Alkylphenol isomer distri- bution is possibly affected by depositional environment especially for C3 alkylphenols. Dysoxic fresh- water environment is favorable for the formation of propyl or isopropyl substituted C3 alkylphenols, while highly reducing saline water is more suitable for trimethyl substituted C3 alkylphenols. Variations in alkylphenol concentrations within a petroleum system are controlled mainly by secondary migration processes with alkylphenol concentrations decreasing along migration direction. Interestingly, coupled with geological factors, a subtle change of alkylphenol concentrations can be applied to differentiate carrier systems. When oil migrates through sandy beds, concentrations of total alkylphenols decrease dramatically with migration distance, while such change is less significant when oil migrates vertically along faults. However, most isomer ratios potentially related to migration distance are not as effective as those alkylcarbazoles in migration diagnosis due to complicated affecting factors.  相似文献   

8.
Yiqun  Liu Dingwu  Zhou Taohong  Li 《Island Arc》1993,2(4):262-272
Abstract A Triassic formation in the Turpan-Hami and Ordos basin of China gives two typical examples of occurrence of laumontite belonging to diagenetic facies. Sandstones of the Upper Triassic Yanchang Formation in the eastern sector of the Ordos basin are formed at the mature stage of mesodiagenesis at temperatures in the range of 71-120°C, while the temperatures of the oil-bearing beds Chang-6 and Chang-7 where laumontite is present are about 81-88°C. The laumontite-bearing beds of the Middle Triassic in the Hami depression are presently at the supermature stage of organic matter, the corresponding diagenetic temperature being about 140 °C. The term zeolite facies should be rejected, and the features of metamorphic stage should be clearly denned, such as closely packed grains, absence of pores and cements, and characteristic mineral assemblages including sericite, epidote, muscovite, illite (2M1), chlorite (IIb, β= 97°), dickite, pyrophyllite, graphite, chlorozeolite formed at temperatures of 200°C and Ro values of 2.5%; the stage is also characterized by schistosity and illite crystallinity of IC = 0.42°Δ 2θ. The anchimetamorphic zone is characterized by some characteristic minerals such as paragonite, rectorite, albite, laumontite, illite (1M), chlorite (Ib, P = 90°+ IIb, β= 97°) formed at temperatures of 130-200°C and Ro values of 1.3-2.5% as well as other quantitative parameters of organic matter.  相似文献   

9.
基于PSR模型的福建山仔水库生态安全评价   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  
东营凹陷古近系水化学场分布与湖盆演化有着良好的对应关系,以CaCl2水型为主的高矿化度地层水是东营凹陷古近系咸化湖盆的典型响应特征,矿化度从深到逐渐降低,体现出从咸化湖盆向微咸化湖盆及淡水湖盆演化的地球化学响应．剖面上可以划分为四种水文环境：强开放性水文流畅带（地表到1．1km）、弱开放性水文流畅带（1．1—2．0km）、水文阻滞过渡带（2．0-2．5km）和封闭性水文迟缓带（25km以下）,水化学剖面的分带性与压力分布有着良好的对应关系．东营凹陷古近系水化学场经历了早期的沉积与淋滤的交替和新生代的埋藏封闭作用期,其中在东营运动时期古近系水化学场表现最为活跃,是深层卤水咸化地表浅层淡水从而使浅层出现高矿化度地层水的关键怍用期,断裂的沟通起了重要作用,显示出断陷湖盆的典型特征．  相似文献   

10.
Cenozoic basin-forming processes in northwestern Kyushu were studied on the basis of geological and geophysical data. Gravity anomaly analysis delineated four sedimentary basins in the study area: Goto-nada, Nishisonogi, Amakusa-nada, and Shimabara. Borehole stratigraphy and reflection seismic interpretation suggest that the Goto-nada Basin was subdivided into the Paleogene and Plio-Pleistocene depocenters (Goto-nada 1 and 2). In the Paleogene, Amakusa-nada Basin was rapidly subsiding together with the Shimabara Basin as part of a large graben. Goto-nada 1 and Nishisonogi basins belonged to another depositional area. After stagnant subsidence stage in the early Miocene, the study area became a site of basaltic activity (since 10 Ma) and vigorous subsidence in the Plio-Pleistocene. Goto-nada 2 Basin is accompanied with numerous east–west active faults, and separated from the Amakusa-nada Basin by a northeast– southwest basement high, Nomo Ridge. Plio-Pleistocene subsidence of the Amakusa-nada Basin is related with low-angle normal faulting on the eastern flank of the Nomo Ridge. Shimabara Basin is a composite volcano-tectonic depression which is studded by east–west faults. Focal mechanism on active faults suggests transtensional stress regime in the study area.  相似文献   

11.
Thermal regime of the lithosphere is the scenario of the lithospheric thermal evolution, and the thermo-mechanical state of lithosphere definitively controls its deformation style and mechanism. Better understanding of the lithospheric deep thermal-rheo- logical structure of sedimentary basin will shed light on the formation and evolution dynamic process of the basin. Surface tectonics is the response of the deep structure, and is controlled by the lithospheric ther-mal-rheological properties.…  相似文献   

12.
The reservoirs of the Upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation in Sichuan Basin have the characteristics of low compositional maturity, low contents of cements and medium textural maturity. The general physical properties of the reservoirs are poor, with low porosity and low permeability, and there are only a few reservoirs with medium porosity and low permeability in local areas. Based on the diagenetic mineral association, a diagenetic sequence of cements is established: early calcites (or micrite siderites) →first quartz overgrowth→chlorite coatings→dissolution of feldspars and debris→chlorite linings→ second quartz overgrowth (quartz widen or filled in remain intergranular pores and solution pores)→dissolution→third quartz overgrowth (quartz filled in intergranular and intragranular solution pores)→intergrowth (ferro) calcites→dolomites→ferro (calcites) dolomites→later dissolution→veins of quartz and calcites formation. Mechanical compaction is the main factor in making the reservoirs tight in the basin, followed by the second and third quartz overgrowth. In a long-term closed system, only feld-spars and some lithic fragments are dissolved by diagenetic fluids, while intergranular cements such as quartz and calcit are not dissolved and thus have little influence on the porosity of the Xujiahe Formation. This is the third factor that may have kept the sandstones of Xujiahe Formation tight finally. The hydrocarbon was extensively generated from organic materials after the second quartz overgrowth, and selectively entered favorable reservoirs to form tight sandstone gas reservoirs.  相似文献   

13.
Helium (He) and Argon (Ar) isotopic compositions of the Tertiary basic igneous rocks were determined by the high temperature melting extraction method. The selected samples for the studies included al-kaline basalts and diabases from the Jiyang basin,and the surrounding Shanwang and Qixia outcrops in the Shandong Peninsula,eastern China. The results show that the Paleogene basalts and diabases from the Jiyang basin yielded a wide range of P4 PHe abundance of (73.70-804.16)×10 P-8 Pcm P3 P STP·g P-1 P,with P3 PHe/ P4 PHe ratios of 0.374-2.959 Ra,which was lower than the MORB but evidently higher than the con-tinental crust value. The Neogene alkaline basalts from the Jiyang basin,Shanwang and Qixia outcrops have variable P4 PHe abundances ((42.34-286.72)×10-8 Pcm P3 P STP·g-1 P),and "continental crust-like" P3 PHe/ P4 PHe ratios (0.013-0.074 Ra). All of them contain atmospheric-like P40 PAr/ P36 PAr ratio (395.4-1312.7),reflecting the mantle sources with air components. Their low P3 PHe/ P4 PHe ratios are interpreted as the enrichment of the radiogenic P4 PHe mainly inherited from the mantle. He and Ar systematics show the mixing of MORB-type,air and a P4 PHe enriched member in the mantle source,suggesting that these igneous rocks originated from the depleted asthenospheric mantle mixed with an EMI component. Therefore,the present He and Ar isotopes do not support the viewpoints that the Cenozoic igneous rocks of Eastern North China were the products of mantle plume(s) activities.  相似文献   

14.
Diagenetic research and inclusion observance indicate that there are seven types of inlcusion in the reservoirs in the Qiongdongnan Basin. Based on the fluorescence color, ratio of gas/liquid, formation temperature, salinity and organic component of fluid inclusions, three events of thermal fluid movement were found, and only the second and third events are relative to hydrocarbon migration and accumulation with the temperatures of 140–150°C and 170–190°C., respectively.The mechanism of gas migration in aqueous phase suggests that the discharging site of thermal fluid is the favourable location for natural gas accumulation. Project supported by the Natlonal Natural Science Foundation of China.  相似文献   

15.
Sea floor hydrothermal activity in the Guaymas Basin, Gulf of California, is quite different from that associated with ridge crest spreading centers. Injection of hydrothermal fluids occurs in the bottom of a semi-enclosed basin and water column anomalies produced by this activity increase to much higher values than in the open ocean. In the Guaymas Basin the hydrothermal venting generates large clouds of fine suspended particulate matter (SPM) 100–300 m above active mounds and chimneys. These hydrothermal clouds have potential temperature anomalies of about 0.010–0.020°C, are enriched in dissolved silica, particulate manganese, and depleted in dissolved oxygen relative to areas away from the vents. The particulate manganese values increase from about 3 nmol/kg at ～ 1000 m, well above the enclosing topography of the subsill basin, to 100–150 nmol/kg in the clouds of SPM and in the bottom nepheloid layer. The particulate Mn in the hydrothermal clouds appears to originate from both direct precipitation of dissolved Mn2+ injected by the vents and entrainment of Mn-rich SPM in the rising hydrothermal plumes. Injection of silica-rich vent fluids into the basin bottom waters produces a silica anomaly of 10–15 μmol relative to the other deep basins of the Gulf of California. Spillover of Guaymas Basin deep water produces a silica plume just above the basin sill depth which is detectable to the mouth of the Gulf. A simple two-endmember mixing model indicates that the deep waters of the Guaymas Basin contain approximately 0.1% hydrothermal fluid. Oxygen anomalies associated with the hydrothermal clouds are on the order of 5 μmol relative to regions away from active vents. The basin as a whole shows a depletion in oxygen of about 13 μmol relative to the other deep basins of the Gulf. The mixing model shows that this oxygen consumption can be explained by the oxidation of dissolved sulfide and methane injected by the hydrothermal vents. Box models of the deep basins of the southern Gulf of California indicate that the Guaymas Basin has a significantly higher source term for dissolved silica and sink term for dissolved oxygen than the other basins. The calculated flux of hydrothermal fluids into the Guaymas Basin is 10–12 m3/s.  相似文献   

16.
Through the analysis and 2-D inversion for the 5 profiles in Haiyuan arcuate tectonic region (105°～107°E,36°～37.5°N) in the northeastern margin of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, we have obtained the electric structure within a range of 160 km in width (east-west) and 60 km in depth in the studied area. The results show that the crustal electric structure can be divided into 6 sections, corresponding respectively to Xiji basin (Ⅰ), Xihuashan-Nanhuashan uplift (Ⅱ), Xingrenbu-Haiyuan basin (Ⅲ), Zhongwei-Qingshuihe basin (Ⅳ), Zhongning-Hongsibu basin (Ⅴ) and west-margin zone of Ordos (Ⅵ) from the southwest to the northeast. The crustal electric structure is characterized by a broom-shaped pattern, which scatters to the northwest and shrinks to the southeast. The structures in the top part of Haiyuan arcuate tectonic region are complete and large, however, they diminish from the arc top to the northwest and southeast ends. In the depth from 0 km to 10 km, the resistivity is high in the sections Ⅱ and Ⅵ, but relatively low in the other four sections, showing a similar pattern of basin depression. The electrical basement in the section Ⅲ is the deepest, displaying a "dustpan" shape that is deep in the southwest and shallow in the northeast. A series of discontinuous zones with high conductivity exist in the middle-lower crust in Haiyuan arcuate tectonic region, which is possibly related to the moderate and strong earthquakes in the region. The resistivity distribution in the focal area of the 1920 Haiyuan earthquake is significantly heterogeneous with an obviously high conductivity zone near the hypocenter regime.  相似文献   

17.
After calculating thermal-rheological properties of the lithosphere in the Northern Jiangsu basin, the Bohaiwan basin as well as the Jiyang depression in the east and Tarim basin in the west of China, this paper analyzes the relationship between thermal-rheological structures and tectonic evolution of the two types of basins. The results show that the thermal-rheological structures of the lithosphere directly reflect the dynamic processes. Under different dynamic environments, the style of basin formation and the differences in basin evolution are closely related to the dynamic properties of the lithosphere indicated by thermal-rheological structures.  相似文献   

18.
Taking both eastern Linqing Depression and North Jiangsu Basin as examples, based on geochemical features of immature oils as well as source inputs of hydrocarbons and macerals, it is revealed that a mixed source input of alga bio-lipids and higher plant waxes is a basic characteristic of source material for immature oils in non-marine brackish-saline lacustrine basins. Project supported by the “85–102” Chinese National Key Science and Technology Project and the National Gas Geochemistry Key Laboratory, Lanzhou Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Sciences.  相似文献   

19.
济阳坳陷第三系构造层序及其演化   总被引：10，自引：5，他引：10  
以构造层序学、层序地层学理论为指导，建立了济阳坳陷第三系构造层序体系，细致分析了每个构造层序的识别标志、层序地层学特征及构造特征，首次提出济阳坳陷下第三系构造层序经历了孔店构造层序转型期、沙河街断陷发展期、东营末期构造反转期三个演化阶段，深化了济阳坳陷构造演化规律研究，为断陷盆地研究的深入提供了新的思路。  相似文献   

20.
Yong Il  Lee  Dong Hyun  Lim 《Island Arc》2008,17(1):152-171
Abstract The Gyeongsang Basin is a non‐marine sedimentary basin formed by extensional tectonism during the Early Cretaceous in the southeastern Korean Peninsula. The sediment fill starts with the Sindong Group distributed along the western margin of the basin. It consists of three lithostratigraphic units: the Nakdong (alluvial fan), Hasandong (fluvial) and Jinju (lacustrine) formations with decreasing age. Sindong Group sandstones are classified into four petrofacies (PF) based on their detrital composition: PF‐A consists of the lower Nakdong Formation with average Q73F12R15; PF‐B the upper Nakdong and lower Hasandong formations with Q66F15R18; PF‐C the middle Hasandong to middle Jinju formations with Q49F29R22; and PF‐D the upper Jinju Formation with Q26F34R41. The variations of detrital composition influenced the diagenetic mineral assemblage in the Sindong Group sandstones. Illite and dolomite/ankerite are important diagenetic minerals in PF‐A and PF‐B, whereas calcite and chlorite are dominant diagenetic minerals in PF‐C and PF‐D. Most of the diagenetic minerals can be divided into early and late diagenetic stages of formation. Early diagenetic calcites occur mostly in PF‐C, probably controlled by arid to semiarid climatic conditions during the sandstone deposition, no early calcite being found in PF‐A and PF‐B. Late‐stage calcites are present in all Sindong Group sandstones. The calcium ions may have been derived from shale diagenesis and dissolution of early stage calcites in the Hasandong and Jinju sandstones. Illite, the only diagenetic clay mineral in PF‐A and lower PF‐B, is inferred to be a product of kaolinite transformation during deep burial, and the former presence of kaolinite is inferred from the humid paleoclimatic conditions during the deposition of the Nakdong Formation. Chlorites in PF‐C and PF‐D are interpreted to be the products of transformation of smectitic clay or of precipitation from alkaline pore water under arid to semiarid climatic conditions. The occurrence of late‐stage diagenetic minerals largely depended on the distribution of early diagenetic minerals, which was controlled initially by the sediment composition and paleoclimate.  相似文献   

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