共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 46 毫秒
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建立基于地震现场救援行动跟踪监控的指挥与控制软件可以提高现场指挥人员指挥决策的效率和科学性.本文提出了一种基于地震现场救援行动跟踪监控的指挥与控制软件系统的技术思路和解决方案,在软件的总体设计、功能模块、数据库建设、关键模型等方面进行了研究和开发,并以5.12汶川特大地震资料为例对系统功能进行了试验,给出试验结果. 相似文献
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交通系统地震应急智能辅助决策技术研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文研究了交通系统地震应急智能辅助决策的技术方法,初步完成了基于Arc View GIS的城市和区域交通系统地震应急智能辅助决策系统的研制。 相似文献
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过去三十多年里,我国在震害预测、地震应急救援、地震现场工作和灾后恢复重建等领域取得了丰硕的研究成果,完成了三十余个城市和大型企业的震害预测工作并建立了相应的信息管理与辅助决策系统,构建了较为完善的地震现场工作标准体系,基本建成了覆盖中国大陆的全国一体化的地震应急指挥技术系统网络,在应对汶川和玉树两次重特大地震的应急救援行动中发挥了积极作用,为国务院和各级政府防震减灾规划和地震应急指挥决策提供了重要依据和有力的技术支撑。然而,目前的国内研究仍存在以下问题:各类震害防御和应急指挥系统琳琅满目,系统重复建设造成资源浪费和闲置,维护更新困难;系统软/硬件建设投资费用大,部分用户无力承担;部分信息系统的结果展示和辅助决策效果不佳,许多已建成系统被束之高阁没有发挥应有的作用;大多数信息系统都是基于/模式开发,服务范围小;多局限于某城市的具体 相似文献
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将空间决策支持技术SDSS引入城市地震应急指挥技术领域,利用决策支持技术DSS的多模型组合建模方法和地理信息系统的空间分析技术,建构了城市地震应急指挥空间辅助决策支持软件系统。详细讨论了该系统的整体规划与功能实现,并对系统数据库、模型库、方法库和知识库及其管理子系统的设计与开发作了详细阐述,以期为城市灾害与突发事件的防御与应急提供技术支持。 相似文献
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卫星定位导航系统在地震应急救援中的应用 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
在对地震灾害特点综合分析的基础上,分析了地震应急响应与救援决策中的关键性问题。认为震害的规模、程度、空间分布和灾情发展趋势,以及快速获取灾情信息已成为整个地震应急响应和救援决策的关键;而对灾情空间分布及其不同灾情程度位置的确定是救援决策的先导与重要环节。卫星定位导航技术在地震应急搜救的信息快速获取、应急响应、救援决策、指挥、搜索与营救等救援行动的整个过程中,都将发挥其强大的功能。建议研发中国北斗灾害应急救援导航与指挥决策系统,包括地震灾情快速获取、快速判定和决策定位导航技术系统、地震救援指挥调度技术系统和应急救援物流定位导航技术系统建设;研发北斗灾害应急救援导航装备,包括自主定位导航幸存者搜索和营救设备研发和国内外巨灾救援专用定位与导航系统研发。 相似文献
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大庆市东风新村和开发区地震灾害预测与信息管理系统 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
近年来,地理信息系统(GIS)技术被广泛地应用于城市或区域的防震减灾信息管理系统的建设。本文着重论述了在完成大庆市东风新村和开发区的震害预测工作,依据丰富的现场调查资料和震害预测信息建立了大庆市东风新村和开发区地震灾害预测与信息管理系统,以及建成后的系统所包含的主要内容和所能实现的功能。应用GIS技术建设城市地震灾害预测与信息管理系统不但能在地震应急决策中起到辅助决策作用,而且对于日常城市管理也是十分方便的。该系统的开发对其它城市防灾系统建设有一定的借鉴意义。 相似文献
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《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2014,(12)
正SCIENCE CHINA Earth Sciences,an academic journal cosponsored by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the National Natural Science Foundation of China,and published by Science China Press and Springer,is committed to publishing high-quality,original results in both basic and applied research. 相似文献
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《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2014,(9)
正SCIENCE CHINA Earth Sciences,an academic journal cosponsored by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the National Natural Science Foundation of China,and published by Science China Press and Springer,is committed to publishing high-quality,original results in 相似文献
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In natural waters arsenic concentrations up to a few milligrams per litre were measured. The natural content of arsenic found in soils varies between 0.01 mg/kg and a few hundred milligrams per kilogram. Anthropogenic sources of arsenic in the environment are the smelting of ores, the burning of coal, and the use of arsenic compounds in many products and production processes in the past. A lot of arsenic compounds are toxic and cause acute and chronic poisoning. In aqueous environment the inorganic arsenic species arsenite (As(III)) and arsenate (As(V)) are the most abundant species. The mobility of these species is influenced by the pH value, the redox potential, and the presence of adsorbents such as oxides and hydroxides of Fe(III), Al(III), Mn(III/IV), humic substances, and clay minerals. 相似文献
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《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2014,(3)
正SCIENCE CHINA Earth Sciences,an academic journal cosponsored by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the National Natural Science Foundation of China,and published by Science China Press and Springer,is committed to publishing high-quality,original results in both basic and applied research. 相似文献
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《国际泥沙研究》2014,(4)
正Director:Shangfu Kuang,China Vice-directors:Chunhong Hu,China Duihu Ning,China Guangquan Liu,China The International Research and Training Center on Erosion and Sedimentation(IRTCES)was jointly set up by the Government of China and UNESCO on July 21,1984.It aims at the promotion of international exchange of knowledge and cooperation in the studies of erosion and 相似文献
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Richard D. Hey 《地球表面变化过程与地形》1979,4(1):59-72
Feedback mechanisms, which operate upstream through drawdown and backwater effects and downstream through sediment discharge are responsible for channel evolution. By combining these mechanisms with channel processes it euables a dynamic process-response model to be developed to simulate the initial evolution of straight gravel-bed channels. When erosion commences on a land surface, sediment entrained in the headwater reach by hydraulic action is selectively transported, deposited and reworked. This produces a damped oscillation between degradation and aggradation as the channel and valley respond to spatial and temporal variations in sediment calibre and hydraulic conditions. The initial cut and fill phases are responsible for valley incision and floodplain development while secondary and subsequent activity can produce river terraces. Eventually sediment entrainment in the headwaters declines as slopes are reduced. Subsequent channel evolution is relatively insignificant because it is dependent on local weathering activity producing material that can be transported on declining slopes. Therefore landforms produced during the initial phase of development, when local weathering was non-limiting, dominate the landscape. 相似文献