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井中瞬变电磁法(Bore-hole transient electromagnetic method-BHTEM)是指接收线圈在钻井中观测瞬变场响应用以勘查深部矿产资源的勘探方法,其中以地-井(地面激发井中接收)组合方式研究最多、应用最广.本文应用时域有限差分法(FDTD),建立包含薄板导体的均匀半空间二维数学模型,采用线源为激发源,选用Mur吸收边界条件,对矩形回线源在半空间中产生的瞬变电磁场进行数值模拟,计算了低阻板状导体在均质半空间和有低阻覆盖层影响情况下的地-井瞬变电磁异常响应,并对响应的特征及规律进行研究分析,为研究地-井TEM提供参考. 相似文献
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从理论上对瞬变电磁系统的接收装置频率特性进行分析，得出了瞬变信号在早期发生畸变的根本原因，揭示出接收装置在发射电流关断期间和电流关断后对一次场和二次场的影响关系，给出基于导电球体模型下接收装置的谐振频率与最小取样时间的关系图，进而讨论了接收装置对浅层目标体探测的影响.当瞬变电磁测量系统在电流关断开始时刻记录全程瞬变响应和发射电流波形时，如果接收装置的位置和谐振频率已知，就可以通过数值计算方法从根本上剔除接收装置对早期瞬变信号的影响，即使接收装置存在过渡过程，也同样可以实现近地表浅层的探测，从而缩短瞬变电磁法的浅层勘探盲区，提高近地表的探测分辨率和精度. 相似文献
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依据瞬变电磁全空间响应的传播特征,本文提出了一种井间勘探方法.在井内用线圈激发,在本井和邻近井接收瞬态响应波形.基于Maxwell方程分析了位移电流和传导电流所引起的两种传播特征,明确了在邻井接收到的波形中包含界面的电导率信息.详细研究了线圈在无限大均匀介质中激发的瞬变电磁响应波形以及电场在不同时刻的空间分布.瞬变电磁近源距响应波形幅度随源距的增大衰减很快,响应持续时间短;远源距对应的响应波形上升速度快,达到峰值之后缓慢下降.随着源距的增加,响应波形上升和下降的速度均减慢,峰值向后移动,能够看到明显的传播特征(与位移电流引起的电磁波形态不变差异很大).与此对应,瞬变电场的空间分布也随着波形幅度的上升迅速扩大,随着幅度的减小快速收缩.在电磁能量向外传播的过程中,遇到界面时会发生透射和反射,使得测量得到的波形形状会在无界面条件下波形基础上发生改变.界面信息隐含在这种波形形状改变中,需要通过瞬变电磁反射和透射模型进行提取,实现井间勘探. 相似文献
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《地球物理学进展》2017,(4)
瞬变电磁(TEM)视电阻率早、晚期计算公式在求取时进行了简化近似,造成部分地电信息的失真.瞬变电磁响应信号衰减过程与介质的电性特征有关,由此引入瞬变电磁响应微分衰减速度和二阶微分衰减速度两个解释参数,力图避开视电阻率计算,以衰减速度表示瞬变电磁探测结果的电性特征.首先研究了不同导电均匀半空间与低阻目标体地电模型瞬变电磁响应微分衰减速度在时间上的变化特征,在此基础上对瞬变电磁响应二阶微分衰减速度进行了分析,通过绘制TEM二阶微分衰减拟断面图实现了低阻目标体地电模型的电性层划分.研究结果表明:电性分界面与二阶微分衰减的"0"等值线相对应,可以用"0"值等值线作为电性分界面的划分依据,即瞬变电磁微分解释方法能够区分不同地电断面,可以用于瞬变电磁探测成果解释. 相似文献
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为推进国产电磁勘探设备的高端化进程,自主研发了CASTEM瞬变电磁系统.在前期系统开发、测试及集成基础上,开展野外试验研究,以检验CASTEM系统的稳定性及探测能力.选择已取得显著勘探成果的安徽颖上县大王庄铁矿进行试验,试验内容包括大功率发射机性能、接收系统噪声性能、实测响应曲线和反演效果,并与国际高端瞬变电磁仪在上述几方面进行了对比.试验结果表明CASTEM系统的各项指标性能稳定、可靠,已达到国际先进水平;探测成果与高端瞬变电磁仪器探测成果以及钻孔资料相吻合,表明CASTEM系统可以用于深部勘探. 相似文献
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随着瞬变电磁法的快速发展，三维任意各向异性介质的数值模拟成为研究热点.本文从时间域的麦克斯韦方程组出发，采用时域交错采样有限差分法，推导了时域电磁场的时间分步迭代公式，实现了任意各向异性介质的航空瞬变电磁三维正演.设计地电模型，与已有的软件计算结果进行对比，检验了三维正演算法的计算精度.设计了典型的三维各向异性地电模型，改变各向异性参数计算了航空瞬变电磁响应，分析了各向异性参数对航空瞬变电磁响应的影响.开发的正演算法为研究瞬变电磁法各向异性响应特征和三维反演提供了重要技术支撑. 相似文献
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瞬变电磁法在浅海工程勘探等领域受到了越来越多的关注.目前浅海瞬变电磁仍处于应用初期,相关研究少且未有成熟装备问世,有必要研究其探测能力并为观测系统选取最佳观测参数.本文以几种典型发射波形为例,采用褶积算法细致分析了不同发射波形条件下浅海瞬变电磁on-/off-time响应受海底介质电导率、磁导率及发射波形脉宽等参数的影响特征与规律;通过三维正演并设定极限探测深度阈值,进一步分析不同发射波形on-/offtime期间浅海瞬变电磁探测能力及对典型三维目标体的极限探测深度.基于本文研究成果,可为浅海瞬变电磁探测装置设计、观测系统的参数选取及试验参数的选取等提供了一些有价值的理论借鉴. 相似文献
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在吸收前人提出的导电薄板等效电流回路模型概念的基础上,应用普通电磁学理论对其瞬变电磁法的过程作了完整的论述,并得到清晰明确的数学表达式,同时指出一次场关断时间与观测异常幅值的关系.在重叠回线装置下,模型解可进一步被简化.通过实例的具体数值计算过程,证明该简化模型为重叠回线装置下有限薄板类地质体瞬变电磁的定量分析提供了一个简捷有效的途径. 相似文献
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The permeation parameters have been calculated by forefathers on the basis of permeation theory by means of the Slug test (Yin, Zheng, 1992) and the restoration curves of well level. We are interested in oscillation of the well level when we make Slug test. Both the permeation parameters and frequency parameters, i.e., natural period and damping coefficients of well aquifer, have been calculated on the basis of vibration theory by means of the oscillation curves. Not only this has given a new method, but also the different response of well level to seismic waves has been explained by it in theory. 相似文献
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Hsiang-Chuan Tsai 《地震工程与结构动力学》1993,22(11):975-990
A tuned-mass damper is a small damped spring-mass system which vibrates in resonance with the main structure to which it is attached so as to be able to dissipate vibration energy and reduce the structural response. In this paper, explicit forms of Green's function for the transient response of main structures equipped with the tuned-mass damper and subjected to support excitation are derived by perturbation techniques and provide an insight into the characteristics of the damper. It is found that there exists a critical damping level for the tuned-mass damper. If the damper damping is higher than this critical damping level, increasing the damper damping will enhance the structural response. When the damper damping is below this critical value, something called ‘beat phenomenon’ occurs where the structure will have a smaller response in the first beat cycle, but have a higher rebound in the following beat cycles. 相似文献
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In this paper the rocking response of slender/rigid structures stepping on a viscoelastic foundation is revisited. The study examines in depth the motion of the system with a non‐linear analysis that complements the linear analysis presented in the past by other investigators. The non‐linear formulation combines the fully non‐linear equations of motion together with the impulse‐momentum equations during impacts. The study shows that the response of the rocking block depends on the size, shape and slenderness of the block, the stiffness and damping of the foundation and the energy loss during impact. The effect of the stiffness and damping of the foundation system along with the influence of the coefficient of restitution during impact is presented in rocking spectra in which the peak values of the response are compared with those of the rigid block rocking on a monolithic base. Various trends of the response are identified. For instance, less slender and smaller blocks have a tendency to separate easier, whereas the smaller the angle of slenderness, the less sensitive the response to the flexibility, damping and coefficient of restitution of the foundation. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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基于间接边界元法计算沉积河谷对平面P波和SV波的二维散射，着重考察沉积介质波速和材料阻尼的随机性对河谷地震动放大效应。利用蒙特卡罗方法随机模拟产生了波速样本和阻尼样本各30组，给出了不同入射角度和频率P波和SV波入射下河谷随机响应的单频和频谱结果。算例分析结果表明:(1)地表位移响应幅值的变异系数极值均显著大于波速比变异系数，且波速比的随机性对地表位移的影响在体系共振频率处最为明显，地表位移的最大标准差可达7.168；低频情况下，沉积中部地震反应变异性更显著，高频情况下则在沉积河谷边缘变异性最大；(2)入射波角度对地表位移响应变异系数极值的影响不大，但对变异系数空间变化的影响显著；(3)阻尼的随机性对地表位移的影响在低频情况下较小，在高频情况下则较明显，尤其是在沉积河谷的体系自振频率处，其影响最为显著。 相似文献
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Ioannis Politopoulos 《地震工程与结构动力学》2008,37(3):447-465
In this paper the question of possible adverse effects of damping in seismic isolation because of higher mode response is investigated by means of simple models with a few degrees of freedom (DOF). In particular the second mode response of a 2 DOF system is examined in detail for both viscous and hysteretic (e.g. friction or elastoplastic) damping devices. Qualitative and approximate quantitative estimates are obtained by neglecting the influence of the modal coupling terms, due to viscous damping or friction forces, on the first mode response. It is shown that additional viscous damping has a diminishing effect on base displacement, storey shear force and floor spectra values in the vicinity of the first mode resonance. However, a significant amplification of the floor spectra values near the higher mode frequencies may occur. In accordance with the results of previous works, compared with the viscous damping case, hysteretic damping amplifies moderately the first storey shear force and significantly the upper storeys shear force. It also results, in a much more pronounced amplification of the floor spectral values than viscous damping, in the vicinity of the higher eigenfrequencies. However, the higher modes' response is milder if a realistic velocity dependence of the friction coefficient is taken into account. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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随机阻尼对结构抗风抗震动力响应的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文讨论了结构系统阻尼的随机性,运用运动微分方程和二阶摄动地具有随机阻尼的结构系统在地震荷载作用下的动力响应进行了计算,给出随机阻尼对结构响应的影响。结果表明,随机阻尼对结构的位移、速度和加速度的物确存在,特别是阻尼的变异系数较大对结构的动力响应影响更为明显,应引起结构设计者的足够重视。 相似文献
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基于间接边界元法计算沉积河谷对平面P波和SV波的二维散射，着重考察沉积介质波速比和材料阻尼比的随机性对河谷地震动放大效应的影响.利用蒙特卡罗方法随机模拟产生了波速比样本和阻尼样本各30组，给出了不同入射角度和频率的P波和SV波入射下河谷随机响应的单频和频谱结果.算例分析结果表明:①地表位移响应幅值的变异系数极值均显著大于波速比变异系数，且波速比的随机性对地表位移的影响在体系共振频率处最为显著，地表位移的标准差最大可达7.168；低频情况下，沉积中部地震动反应的变异性更显著，高频情况下则在沉积河谷边缘变异性最大；②入射角对地表位移响应变异系数极值的影响不大，但对变异系数空间变化的影响显著；③阻尼比随机性对地表位移的影响在低频情况下较小，在高频情况下则较明显，尤其是在沉积河谷的体系自振频率处，其影响最为显著. 相似文献