首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 109 毫秒
1.
土石坝内部存在较多的接触面,在静、动力荷载作用下,接触面的力学特性对坝体的稳定性具有显著的影响。基于动态单剪仪,开展了粗粒料与掺砾粘土接触面循环单剪试验。试验结果表明,初始剪应力加载方向对相对位移有较大影响:相对位移总是在沿初始剪应力加载方向一侧较大;在一个剪切循环内,正、反向加载时,若剪应力较小,发生剪缩变形,若剪应力较大,则发生剪胀变形;卸载时试样发生剪缩变形;整个剪切循环过程中,试样总体上处于剪缩状态;循环单剪过程中,接触面抗剪强度提高;接触面抗剪强度随着法向应力的增大而增大,呈线性关系。  相似文献   

2.
针对荆江大堤江陵段下伏地层广泛分布的饱和粉细砂,参照原位试验成果重塑粉细砂试样,按估算的固结应力比(Kc约为1.6)对试样动剪模量、阻尼比及总应力动强度进行测试,结果表明:(1)试样应力-应变骨干曲线与Hardin-Drnevich双曲线模型假设高度吻合,Hardin公式可很好地拟合动模量/阻尼比与动应变的关系。在研究试样密实度范围内,最大动模量随围压和密实度的增加而增加,但围压对动模量的敏感性更高,且相同围压下动剪模量比与动应变关系曲线近乎重合。围压增大或密实度升高均会引起阻尼比的降低,1%应变对应的阻尼比分布在0.15~0.21之间;(2)偏压状态下以累积轴向应变5%作为液化判别标准进行抗液化强度试验,随特征振次及测试围压的增大,液化动剪应力比相应减小,试样振动孔压比最高仅能达到0.8~0.9;(3)由总应力法求取的动内摩擦角与黏聚力均随设定特征振次的增加而下降,且内聚力并非约等于0,表明动力作用下该试样具有一定的黏滞性。  相似文献   

3.
岩石的基质模量和临界孔隙度是岩石物理模型的两项重要输入参数,但临界孔隙度通常很难获得。本文基于有效体积模量与孔隙度的线性模型,提出一种快速计算基质模量和临界孔隙度的方法。通过对实验室或现场测量的有效体积模量与孔隙度数据进行最小二乘拟合,利用拟合系数即可计算基质模量和临界孔隙度。本文方法适用的样品孔隙度范围广,并且计算结果能够准确反映样品的粘土含量、压力大小和饱和状态的差异。粘土含量高的样品的基质模量低,临界孔隙度小。压力对基质模量影响不大,但是临界孔隙度会随着压力的升高而略微增大。饱和样品计算得到的基质模量要比干燥的更大。  相似文献   

4.
采用动三轴试验系统对加筋土试样进行固结不排水三轴剪切试验。研究了在不同加筋材料、不同加筋层数、不同围压、不同固结应力比条件下的加筋土的动弹性模量变化规律,并与素土试样试验结果进行对比。研究结果表明,加筋土的动弹性模量随围压和固结应力比的增加而增大,窗纱加筋试样的最大动模量相比素土有了较大的提高,并随着加筋层数的增加而增大,土工布加筋土试样最大动弹模量与素土的最大动弹模量增减趋势不明确。  相似文献   

5.
利用多功能动三轴仪的先进功能,对3%、6%、8%、9%、12%和15%黏粒含量的粉土进行了动三轴试验。试样在初始液化后继续施加动荷载,达到不同的双幅轴向应变后施加不排水单调荷载模拟液化后大变形。研究结果表明,相同循环周数时不同黏粒含量对动加载阶段的动剪应力影响规律与其对液化后初始阶段大应变规律有内在联系,即黏粒含量为8%时动剪应力最小而液化后低强度段应变最大,而强度恢复段模量也最低。试验验证结果表明,拟合关系式能较好地反映不同黏粒含量粉土液化后大变形。  相似文献   

6.
海洋粉质土因沉积环境的差异,在动应力作用下的液化特性与陆上粉土略有不同。以杭州湾原状粉质土为研究对象,进行特别设计的动三轴液化试验,研究粉质土液化后的强度和变形特性。研究表明:杭州湾粉质土液化后的应力-应变关系相似,应变与砂性土的变化规律相似,可分为低强度段和强度恢复段两阶段,振动频率、围压和前期最大轴向应变对液化后应力-应变都有影响。提出粉质土液化后二阶段本构模型能较好地反映粉质土液化后的应力-应变关系。  相似文献   

7.
对某土石坝工程的宽级配砾质土进行了三轴等应力比应力路径试验,试验分别模拟了土石坝施工填筑期及蓄水期可能的应力路径,研究了宽级配砾质土在复杂应力状态下的应力应变特性。研究表明,砾质土心墙料在等主应力比和等主应力增量比应力路径作用下,应力应变表现出较好的线性关系;在竣工期,其平均主应力p(或剪应力q)与体应变ε_v及剪应变ε_s的曲线关系都为幂函数形式,ε_v—ε_1、ε_3—ε_1关系均可用线性函数来表示,而在蓄水期,各应力与应变之间的曲线关系则基本上都可以用线性关系来表示。本文研究明确了复杂应力路径下宽级配砾质土的应力应变关系,为建立宽级配砾质土的应力应变本构模型提供了一个重要线索。  相似文献   

8.
对滇池湖相沉积不同埋深的5层原状泥炭质土进行固结不排水三轴剪切(CU)及电镜扫描 (SEM)试验,分析不同埋深和围压下泥炭质土剪切特性及微结构变化.结果发现:在 50~ 1800kPa围压下,绘制泥炭质土极限应力的公切线不能仅用一条直线,而需分段画公切线.泥炭质土的有效应力路径曲线随围压增大从无序向有序转变,且固结压力大于300kPa后,有效应力路径曲线形态呈“7”字形,固结排水量在50~300kPa围压段内呈线性增长.根据微观结构变化与宏观剪切过程结合,分析其固结剪切过程的机理.在围压作用下土颗粒产生位移,颗粒的接触方式由边-面为主转变为面-面为主,土中大孔隙被挤压成小孔隙,孔径1μm 的小孔隙占优,土体变形本质是土颗粒位置改变.随着围压的增大,孔隙定向性提高,土颗粒分布更为均匀.泥炭质土由松到相对密实再到密实,其抗剪强度及其相关参数也相应提高.  相似文献   

9.
胡华  蔡亮 《地震工程学报》2015,37(3):754-758
选取厦门某建筑工程地基浅层残积土重塑试样,利用SDT-10微机控制电液伺服动态三轴测试系统,在呈正弦变化的动态荷载作用下,测试含水率分别为10%、15%、20%和23%时残积土试样的动应力-应变、动变形-作用时间(作用次数)、动弹性模量等动力学特性曲线与参数。分析试验数据表明:试样在动荷载作用下表现为黏弹塑性变形特性,且随着含水率提高,试样累积塑性轴向变形逐步增大,最大弹性模量逐步减少,但含水率由20%增至23%时,最大动弹性模量降低幅度不大。  相似文献   

10.
剪切波速是评估无黏性土力学性质的重要参数。为探究现行剪切波速液化判别方法不适用于砾性土场地的原因,利用自主研发的无黏性土剪切波速与相对密度联合测试系统,以汶川地震液化场地实测资料为参考,通过对福建标准砂和花岗岩圆砾按比例混合配制不同含砾量的砾性土试样在控制相对密度下的K0状态剪切波速试验,研究其含砾量对含砾无黏性土的剪切波速影响规律。试验结果表明:相对密度相同的砾性土剪切波速大于砂土,二者剪切波速比值与砾性土的含砾量成指数函数关系,两者比值最大为1.4;对于砾性土试样,在含砾量40%-60%间存在阀值,当含砾量小于该值,剪切波速随含砾量的增加明显增大,当含砾量大于该值,剪切波速的增长趋势放缓。试验研究指出了现行剪切波速判别方法不适用于砾性土场地的原因,揭示了含砾量与砾性土剪切波速的相互关系,提出了相同相对密度砾性土相对砂土的剪切波速修正公式,为建立新的判别方法提供了理论基础,也为岛礁珊瑚吹填土等宽级配无黏性新工程材料的性能研究拓展了技术手段。  相似文献   

11.
In order to study the overall deformation of geotechnical model conveniently, the worksite of landslide bridge foundation reinforced by the front and rear row anti-slide piles in Chenglan railway was taken as an example. On the basis of shaking tabe test of a 1/40 reduced scale model, the landslide deformation caused by vibration waves was monitored through burying self-made phosphor bronze strips in soil. Combined with the horizontal and vertical coordinates of the bending strain points on the phosphor bronze strips, the digital matrix was converted by applying Renka Cline random matrix generation method, and the two-dimensional contour plots were drawn based on it. The results showed that the two-dimensional contour plots reflected the basic law of landslide deformation reasonably, and it revealed the evolution process of landslide deformation and failure. The research conclusions were consistent with the test phenomenon, which met the basic requirements of overall deformation analysis of landslide model. This proposed method can monitor multiple cross sections and was practical for model test.  相似文献   

12.
不同含水率下滑坡滑带土动力特性试验研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
甘肃舟曲泄流坡滑坡地处活跃断层破裂带内,断层活动控制着该滑坡的发育和运动。为了研究该滑坡滑带土的动力特性,采用重塑滑带土样,在固结不排水条件下,利用分级循环加载法开展动三轴试验,重点探讨含水率的变化对滑带土动力特性的影响规律。试验结果表明:含水率一定时,泄流坡滑坡滑带土的动弹性模量随动应变的增大呈指数形式减小;动应变一定时,动弹性模量随含水率的增大而不断减小,且衰减速率随含水率的增大而增大;含水率并不影响动弹性模量-动应变关系曲线的形态,不同含水率下该关系曲线可以进行归一化。滑带土阻尼比随含水率的增大而增大,阻尼比-动应变关系曲线也具有归一化特征。不同含水率下泄流坡滑带土动应力-应变本构关系可以用双曲线模型进行描述。  相似文献   

13.
Gravelly soil is generally recognized to have no liquefaction potential. However, liquefaction cases were reported in central Taiwan in the 1999 Chi-Chi Taiwan earthquake and in the 1988 Armenia earthquake. Thus, further studies on the liquefaction potential of gravelly soil are warranted. Because large particles can impede the penetration of both standard penetration test and cone penetration test, shear wave velocity-based correlations and large hammer penetration tests (LPT) are employed to evaluate the liquefaction resistance of gravelly soils. A liquefied gravelly deposit site during the Chi-Chi earthquake was selected for this research. In situ physical properties of soil deposits were collected from exploratory trenches. Instrumented LPT and shear wave velocity (Vs) measurements were performed to evaluate the liquefaction resistance. In addition, large-scale cyclic triaxial tests on remolded gravelly soil samples (15 cm in diameter, 30 cm in height) were conducted to verify and improve LPT-based and Vs-based correlations. The results show that the LPT and shear wave velocity methods are reasonably suitable for liquefaction assessment of gravelly soils.  相似文献   

14.
A large number of reservoir landslides will be impacted under the action of cyclical water level change in Three Gorges Reservoir, therefore its stability analysis and evaluation are important. And various kinds of influencing factors should be considered when landslide stability is analyzed. Taking Liangshuijing landslide as a case, considering the uncertain factors in the landslide stability analysis process, the landslide random-fuzzy reliability is analyzed in the paper, based on the sliding soil shear strength parameters testing and groundwater monitoring data. The results show that the landslide random-fuzzy reliability is the smallest at the process of high water level slowly dropping to low water level, and the landslide is basically at a steady state, which is consistent with landslide body actual deformation. Taking into account the uncertainty of groundwater level in a landslide body is equivalent to taking into account the changes of occurrence conditions in landslide rock and soil. Taking these factors into account is more in line with the actual when compared with only considering shear strength parameters random properties.  相似文献   

15.
基于室内试验获取黄土滑坡的静力和动力力学强度参数,建立低角度黄土滑坡破坏大型物理模拟试验模型,结合FLAC3D有限差分软件,分析黄土滑坡的动力响应规律和宏观破坏特性,阐明在地震作用下黄土滑坡的失稳演化规律,揭示黄土滑坡滑体运动迁移路径。结果表明:低角度黄土-泥岩滑坡在地震荷载作用下地震波水平方向和垂直方向均出现明显的放大效应;在黄土层内部,随着斜坡高度增加,坡肩和斜坡后缘加速度放大效应较为明显,对比坡脚、坡腰和坡肩处剖面上加速度放大系数,下伏泥岩对地震波产生一定的放大效应。松弛拉张裂隙,土体强度降低,接触面和坡肩、斜坡后缘处的拉张裂缝形成弧形滑移面,上覆黄土层由内向外依次连带下滑,坡肩处土体的下滑力和地震力促使坡腰土体大面积长距离滑动,最大滑动涉及范围长达200 m左右,土体下滑至坡脚发生堆积并产生隆起。数值模拟结果和振动台试验结果在动力响应和宏观变形破坏特征均呈现较高的吻合度。  相似文献   

16.
In this paper,a distribution map of gravelly soil liquefaction that was caused by the Wenchuan M_s 8.0 earthquake in China is proposed based on a detailed field investigation and an analysis of geological soil profiles. The geological background of the earthquake disaster region is summarized by compiling geological cross sections and borehole logs. Meanwhile,four typical liquefied sites were selected to conduct sample drillings,dynamic penetration tests (DPT),and shear wave velocity tests,to understand the features of liquefied gravelly soil. One hundred and eighteen (118) liquefied sites were investigated shortly after the earthquake. The field investigation showed:(1) sandboils and waterspouts occurred extensively,involving thousands of miles of farmland,120 villages,eight schools and five factories,which caused damage to some rural houses,schools,manufacturing facilities and wells,etc.; (2) the Chengdu plain is covered by a gravelly soil layer with a thickness of 0 m to 541 m according to the geological cross sections; (3) there were 80 gravelly soil liquefied sites in the Chengdu plain,shaped as five belt areas that varied from 20 km to 40 km in length,and about ten gravelly soil liquefied sites distributed within Mianyang area; and (4) the grain sizes of the sampled soil were relative larger than the ejected soil on the ground,thus the type of liquefied soil cannot be determined by the ejected soil. The gravelly soil liquefied sites are helpful in enriching the global database of gravelly soil liquefaction and developing a corresponding evaluation method in further research efforts.  相似文献   

17.
In this paper,a distribution map of gravelly soil liquefaction that was caused by the Wenchuan M_s 8.0 earthquake in China is proposed based on a detailed field investigation and an analysis of geological soil profiles. The geological background of the earthquake disaster region is summarized by compiling geological cross sections and borehole logs. Meanwhile,four typical liquefied sites were selected to conduct sample drillings,dynamic penetration tests (DPT),and shear wave velocity tests,to understand the features of liquefied gravelly soil. One hundred and eighteen (118) liquefied sites were investigated shortly after the earthquake. The field investigation showed:(1) sandboils and waterspouts occurred extensively,involving thousands of miles of farmland,120 villages,eight schools and five factories,which caused damage to some rural houses,schools,manufacturing facilities and wells,etc.; (2) the Chengdu plain is covered by a gravelly soil layer with a thickness of 0 m to 541 m according to the geological cross sections; (3) there were 80 gravelly soil liquefied sites in the Chengdu plain,shaped as five belt areas that varied from 20 km to 40 km in length,and about ten gravelly soil liquefied sites distributed within Mianyang area; and (4) the grain sizes of the sampled soil were relative larger than the ejected soil on the ground,thus the type of liquefied soil cannot be determined by the ejected soil. The gravelly soil liquefied sites are helpful in enriching the global database of gravelly soil liquefaction and developing a corresponding evaluation method in further research efforts.  相似文献   

18.
汶川地震砾性土液化场地特征解析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
通过成都平原砾性土场地勘察测试,研究汶川地震中大量砾性土液化场地的基本特性,找出一般规律,对砾性土场地液化发生主客观原因提出解释,并修正以往若干认识偏差.分析表明:汶川地震液化砾性土层粒径范围宽,含砾量5%~85%甚至更大,同时其实测剪切波速140~270 m·s~(-1),修正剪切波速160~314 m·s~(-1),都远超历史记录;液化砾性土场地1/2集中在Ⅷ度区内,表明如砂土层液化一样,砾性土场地大规模液化需要较强地震动触发,但超过触发强度后液化规模增长均有限;成都平原浅表地层二元基本结构是汶川地震中出现大量砾性土场地的客观条件之一,该结构可使饱和砾性土层处于封闭状态,构成了砾性土液化的基本条件;虽然液化砾性土层剪切波速很高,但实际上大多松散状态,是此次地震大量砾性土场地发生液化的客观条件之二;地震中地表(井中)喷出物与地下实际液化土类大相径庭,且液化层埋深大多小于6.0 m,以往以地表喷出物反推地下液化层土性类型的做法不再成立;认为砾性土层波速大、透水性好而不会液化的传统认识也不再成立,但砾性土层液化条件与砂土层液化条件不同,前者要求更高.  相似文献   

19.
福泉滑坡具有顺倾上硬下软的结构特征,采用颗粒流离散元模拟采动滑坡的变形破坏全过程,研究福泉滑坡在露天开采条件下变形破坏的地质力学模式。基于颗粒流离散元程序,引入平行粘结模型,通过参数标定确定细观参数与宏观力学性质的关系,据此建立斜坡模型,模拟斜坡采动过程中的变形破坏全过程,确定该类采动滑坡形成的地质力学模式;研究滑坡滑动过程中的速度和能量变化以及堆积特征。研究表明:斜坡采动过程中,潜在滑面顺层滑移,后缘拉裂,裂纹从下往上向软弱面拓展,前缘坡脚处岩体形成锁固段,斜坡出现由前缘至后缘缘递减的蠕滑变形,随着斜坡进一步采动,锁固段发生剪切破坏,前缘坡体启动,中后部裂缝贯通—滑移,斜坡整体失稳破坏,形成牵引式采动滑坡,该类滑坡形成的地质力学模式可分为:滑移—拉裂—剪断3个阶段;对滑坡运动过程的模拟可知,采坑积水是小坝组受灾的关键转化因子。  相似文献   

20.
采用室内重型击实实验对含砾黏土的压实特性进行分析,结合CT断层扫描研究材料整体干密度、最优含水率及黏土的压实程度与掺砾量、含水率等因素之间的关系。根据无侧限抗压强度实验结果,比较不同掺砾量和不同含水率下的无侧限抗压强度大小。结果表明:掺砾量较低时砾粒与黏土之间就已出现粒间空隙;含水率较高时,这些空隙及黏土孔隙中的水在击实过程中难以排出,同时水还阻碍了封闭气泡的逸出,造成黏土的压实效果明显降低;随着含砾量的增加砾粒逐渐起到骨架作用,减小了作用在黏土上的击实能量,也造成黏土的压实程度差于纯黏土。含砾黏土的无侧限抗压强度主要由黏土成分的密实程度控制,因而受到砾粒含量和含水率的影响,整体上随着含砾量的增加而降低,含水率较高时的下降幅度更明显。  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号