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1.
江汉-洞庭盆地构造特征和地震活动的初步分析 总被引：16，自引：1，他引：16
本文根据地质、地球物理和地震等资料,初步分析了江汉-洞庭盆地构造及其演化和地震活动的基本特征。此盆地由江汉坳陷、华容隆起和洞庭湖坳陷组成,整个盆地呈现二坳一隆、多凹多凸的构造特征。盆地之下是低缓的北东向莫霍面隆起带,埋深30—31km。自早白垩世至第四纪盆地经历了裂陷、强烈裂陷和区域性沉降等复杂过程,第四纪仍存在一定程度的断裂活动和断块差异活动。盆地区有中强地震和小震活动,地震带基本位于第四纪差异活动较明显的地区和莫霍面隆起的斜坡带 相似文献
2.
江汉洞庭盆地水系展布特征与新构造运动 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
利用水系线密度与面密度分布特征，结合野外地质调查等方法，详细研究了江汉洞庭盆地的新构造活动。认为至少全新世以来江汉洞庭盆地普遍沉降，主要沉降带的展布成“Ｓ”型，“Ｓ”型的北端分布于武汉至梁子湖一带，中段沿沙湖－湘阴断裂西侧展布，“Ｓ”的南端由南洞庭，津市，公安沉降区构成。 相似文献
3.
江汉和洞庭盆地与周缘造山带盆山耦合研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
沉积盆地与造山带是大陆构造的2个重要的组成单元,具内在成因联系。对其耦合关系进行研究,可以恢复和重建岩石圈深部运动过程,了解近地表构造与气候之间的相互作用。江汉和洞庭盆地位于长江中游,与周缘造山带具有清晰的盆山边界,盆内河流水系十分发育,是一个多物源沉积盆地,是探讨从山(源)到盆(汇)沉积过程的天然实验室。文中对江汉盆地盆山耦合的研究结果进行了总结和梳理,介绍了造山带基岩、盆地和河流沉积物低温热年代学的应用方法,提出了新的研究切入点,建议今后在江汉和洞庭盆地开展盆山耦合研究时,将造山带基岩和河流碎屑矿物低温热年代学结果相结合,同时开展同一目标矿物的物源示踪研究,综合分析造山带隆升信息与物源信息,并与周缘构造和沉积学研究结果相互检验,可得到详细的盆山耦合演化过程。 相似文献
4.
江汉洞庭盆地的非对称扩张与潜地地震危险性 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
本文依据地震地质、地球物理、第四纪地质和构造地貌等资料，参照目前可以接受的应力－荷载模型、热扩散模型和非对称扩张模型，较详细地论述了江汉洞庭盆地（ＪＤＢ）的构造演化历史、主要活动断裂的新构造变形与地震活动的相关特征，尝试性地预测未来强震危险程度，并提出若干抗震防灾的对策，目的在于为ＪＫＢ的长远开发规划、生命线和重要城市的抗震减灾提供基础资料。 相似文献
5.
江汉盆地构造模式和演化及其与中强地震关系研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文通过对江汉盆地地震物探的剖析,结合该地区大地构造环境特点,指出盆地主要有三个发展阶段组成:前陆盆地阶段(中三叠-晚侏罗纪),主要受秦岭大别逆冲推覆,前缘挠曲形成前陆盆地,同期形成NW向和NEE-EW向两组断裂,从而奠定了盆地棋盘格网构造体系;断陷盆地阶段(白垩纪-老第三纪),断裂由原逆冲或逆走滑转变为正断性质,且控制盆地沉积中心,同时盆地发生顺时针旋转,岩浆活动强烈;新第三纪以来盆地阶段,盆地以坳陷为主,整体下降,表现为断裂对盆地沉积控制明显减弱,岩浆活动停止. 根据石油物探剖面建立了盆地的构造格架,即盆地内两组断裂及其形成的狭窄低凸起/地垒条带将盆地分为4个NNW向展布和3个NEE向展布凹陷带. 盆地地壳结构和小震分布及震源机制解显示地震集中在沉降最大的潜江-沔阳凹陷带附近,震源深度优势分布在15 km左右,即盆地基底附近. 相似文献
6.
民乐盆地及其周围地区的Q值研究< 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
1988年,中法合作建立的张掖数字化地震台网投入观测,该台网位于河西走廊和祁连山中段的重点监视区内,利用张掖数字化台网的资料,测定了民乐盆地及其周围地区地壳介质的 Q 值.研究结果表明,该区 Qp 约为500——780,Qs 约为230——460.盆地内部 Q 值较高,盆地外围 Q 值较低,中、强地震大多发生在盆地外围的断裂带上.此外,Q 值随地震射线的穿透深度而增加.本文也讨论了肃南地震(Ms=5.7)前后 Q 值随时间变化的一些问题.这些结果可以用于研究和监测民乐盆地的地震危险性. 相似文献
7.
基于地球动力学的构造-热演化方法是沉积盆地热史研究的重要方法之一.本文以江汉盆地宜随大剖面为例，采用平衡剖面方法对叠合盆地复杂、漫长的演化历史进行构造恢复，采用多期有限拉张-挤压应变速率法进行古热流反演，最后得到盆地的古地温场.由此，建立了构造恢复—盆地基底热流反演—岩石圈尺度温度结构—沉积盆地尺度温度结构的多期伸展、挤压模型的热模拟方法流程，实现了岩石圈尺度的热模拟与盆地尺度的热模拟相结合. 相似文献
8.
华北渤海湾盆地大震的构造特征 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5
渤海湾盆地是地震活动强烈的地区，记载有7级以上大地震6次。前人对几次大震的具体构造条件已做过大量研究。笔者基于已有的工作，通过对盆地构造发育早第三纪断陷和晚第三纪以来拗陷两个阶段的不同构造后性和区域地震构造格局的分析，以及大震区构造的剖析，综合研究了大震的构造特征。其中最根本的是，盆地发育的断陷阶段因北西—南东向水平拉张作用，于地壳上部形成了由北北东—北东向太行山山前断裂带等大型拆离断裂拉张滑脱控制的伸展断裂系统；拗陷阶段受北东东—南西西向水平挤压，正发育着一套地壳共轭剪切破裂系统。前者与地震关系不大，后者对地震孕育和发生有着重要的控制作用。 相似文献
9.
秦王川盆地西缘断裂发育于陇中盆地地震构造区内部，本文对其进行了综合研究。浅层人工地震探测表明，该断裂在最小埋深130m处有显示，联合钻探结果表明该深度处为新近纪湖相沉积地层，泥岩层顶面向盆地方向呈斜坡状，槽探未揭露出断层。综合研究表明该断裂发育在新近纪地层内部，并未上穿第四纪沉积物，属于前第四纪隐伏断层。秦王川盆地在古近纪—新近纪山间泛湖盆的基础上，由于区域构造应力不均匀挤压抬升，形成山间负向地形，成为第四纪多变环境下河流堆积的拗陷盆地。秦王川盆地西缘断裂不具有控制中强地震空间分布的作用和形成地表破裂的能力，对盆地的构造稳定性不构成影响，亦不影响兰州新区的规划发展。 相似文献
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11.
对本世纪以来塔里木盆地和准噶尔盆地的地震活动特点进行研究,认为M≥6.0地震活动有环绕盆地周缘分布的特点。可以将该区的强震活动分别分为两个活动阶段和六个活动时段。并对各时段地震活动的时空演变进程和今后几年强震活动的趋势进行了分析。 相似文献
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13.
裂陷盆地成因研究现状综述与讨论 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
裂陷盆地成因是复杂多样的,本文把裂陷盆地概括为张拉裂陷,走滑裂陷和挤压裂陷三种成因类型,在系统综述每种类型的基础上,对主动裂谷盆地,被动裂谷盆地和走滑拉分盆地成因机制进行了讨论。 相似文献
14.
The porosity origin of dolostone reservoirs in the Tarim,Sichuan and Ordos basins and its implication to reservoir prediction 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
WenZhi Zhao AnJiang Shen JianFeng Zheng ZhanFeng Qiao XiaoFang Wang JunMing Lu 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2014,57(10):2498-2511
Origin of dolostone remained a controversial subject, although numerous dolomitization models had been proposed to date. Because of the dolomitization’s potential to be hydrocarbon reservoirs, one debatable issue was the role of dolomitization in porosity construction or destruction. Based upon case studies of dolostone reservoirs in various geological settings such as evaporative tidal flat (Ordos Basin, NW China), evaporative platform (Sichuan Basin, SW China), and burial and hydrothermal diagenesis (Tarim Basin, NW China), here we systematically discuss the origin of porosity in dolostone reservoirs. Contrary to traditional concepts, which regarded dolomitization as a significant mechanism for porosity creation, we found two dominant factors controlling reservoir development in dolostones, i.e., porosity inherited from precursor carbonates and porosity resulted from post-dolomitization dissolution. Actually, dolomitization rarely had a notable effect on porosity creation but rather in many cases destroyed pre-existing porosity such as saddle dolostone precipitation in vugs and fractures. Porosity in dolostones associated with evaporative tidal flat or evaporative platform was generally created by subaerial dissolution of evaporites and/or undolomitized components. Porosity in burial dolostones was inherited mostly from precursor carbonates, which could be enlarged due to subsequent dissolution. Intercrystalline porosity in hydrothermal dolostones was either formed during dolo- mitization or inherited from precursor carbonates, whereas dissolution-enlarged intercrystalline pores and/or vugs were usually interpreted to be the result of hydrothermal alteration. These understandings on dolostone porosity shed light on reservoir prediction. Dolostone reservoirs associated with evaporative tidal flat were laterally distributed as banded or quasi-stratified shapes in evaporite-bearing dolostones, and vertically presented as multi-interval patterns on tops of shallowing-upward cycles. Dolostone reservoirs associated with evaporative platform commonly occurred along epiplatforms or beneath evaporite beds, and vertically presented as multi-interval patterns in dolostones and/or evaporite-bearing dolostones of reef/shoal facies. Constrained by primary sedimentary facies, burial dolostone reservoirs were distributed in dolomitized, porous sediments of reef/shoal facies, and occurred vertically as multi-interval patterns in crystalline dolostones on tops of shallowing-upward cycles. Hydrothermal dolomitization was obviously controlled by conduits (e.g., faults, unconformities), along which lenticular reservoirs could develop. 相似文献
15.
1 INTRODUCTION The Middle Yellow River Basin of China is well-known worldwide for its severe soil erosion. The basin extends across arid and desert steppe, semi-arid steppe, and warmly temperate semi-humid forest-steppe from north to south, and morphological characteristics consist of mountains alternating with inter-mountain basins. Landforms change frequently from rocky mountains through rock-loess mixed mountains or hills to loess gullied hills and loess tableland from mountain to bas… 相似文献
16.
Micropaleontological and seismic observations for early developmental stage of the southwestern Ulleung Basin, East Sea (Japan Sea) 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Abstract The Ulleung Basin is located in the southwestern part of the East Sea (Japan Sea) and contains thick Neogene sediment. Detailed examination of the stratigraphic distribution of dinoflagellates was carried out on samples from the onshore Pohang Basin (E well) and two wells (Gorae I and Dolgorae VII) in the southwestern Ulleung Basin, to investigate the early evolution of the basin. The results show that thick syn-rift sediments mainly consist of terrestrial deposits and are widespread over the basin. This supports an extensional tectonic origin for the basin. The initiation of the deposits dates back to 17–16.4 Ma. Furthermore, well-preserved Eocene to Oligocene dinoflagellate taxa found in Miocene deposits of wells implies that the age of initial rifting might be Oligocene or earlier. Our results provide constraints for understanding the opening process of the East Sea. 相似文献
17.
A REVIEW OF MOUNTAIN-BASIN COUPLING OF JIANGHAN AND DONGTING BASINS WITH THEIR SURROUNDING MOUNTAINS 
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下载免费PDF全文 Sedimentary basin and orogenic belt are two important components of continental structure with internal genetic links. The study of the basin-mountain coupling can reconstruct and restore the coupling relationships between the deep lithosphere process, near-surface structure and climate change over time. The Jianghan-Dongting Basin locates in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, presenting a clear basin and mountain boundary with the Qinling-Dabie Shan to the north, the Mufu Shan to the southeast, the Wuling Shan to the southwest, and the E'xi Mountain to the west, respectively.
The Meso-Cenozoic Jianghan-Dongting Basin was affected by the subduction and collision of the Pacific plate and the Indian Ocean plate on the Eurasian continent, resulting in multiple tectonic evolution processes. There are some big rivers pouring into the Jianghan-Dongting Basin, such as the Yangtze River, Hanjiang River, Ba River, Xiangjiang River, and Yuanjiang River, etc. to serve as the material transport belts linking between the orogenic belt denudation and basin deposition. Therefore, the Jianghan-Dongting Basin has become a multi-source sedimentary basin, which makes it a natural laboratory to explore the geological processes from source to sink. Because the low-temperature thermochronology(e.g. fission-track and(U-Th)/He)can record the recent uplift time of mountains, they are widely used on the bedrock samples and the detrital synorogenic sediments in basins to constrain the surface uplift time of the orogenic belt. Hence, in the first parts of the paper we summarize and sort out the research results of basin-mountain coupling process in the Jianghan-Dongting Basin, evaluate the research results, identify the existing problems, and propose new research directions. After that, we introduce the applications of low-temperature thermochronology on the bedrock within the orogenic belt, basin and river sediments, combined with the actual situation of Jianghan-Dongting Basin, and put forward a new research breakthrough point. It is found that the Jianghan-Dongting Basin is very suitable for the study of low-temperature thermalchronology on detrital minerals. However, it should combine the low-temperature thermochronology results of both orogenic belt and river sediments with the provenance analysis on the same target minerals, building the connection between the exhumation and provenance information on the orogenic belt, thus providing the detailed evolution of mountain-basin coupling process. 相似文献
18.
太原盆地的应力场特征 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
通过对太原盆地大量震源机制解资料的研究，揭示了该盆地的地壳应力场特征，认为其地壳应力场具有显著的局部小区域应力场特征，即以北西－北北西向水平拉张、北东－北东东向挤压作用为主，而震源类型多为走滑－近走滑，兼有一定的斜滑分量，指明该应力场控制着太原盆地的中小地震活动。得出太原盆地的平均应力场与华北区域应力场完全一致，太原盆地的地壳应力场及地震活动仍严格受华北区域应力场的作用与控制的结论。 相似文献
19.
Back-arc basin basalt systematics 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
The Mariana, east Scotia, Lau, and Manus back-arc basins (BABs) have spreading rates that vary from slow (<50 mm/yr) to fast (>100 mm/yr) and extension axes located from 10 to 400 km behind their island arcs. Axial lava compositions from these BABs indicate melting of mid-ocean ridge basalt (MORB)-like sources in proportion to the amount added of previously depleted, water-rich, arc-like components. The arc-like end-members are characterized by low Na, Ti and Fe, and by high H2O and Ba/La; the MORB-like end-members have the opposite traits. Comparisons between basins show that the least hydrous compositions follow global MORB systematics and an inverse correlation between Na8 and Fe8. This is interpreted as a positive correlation between the average degree and pressure of mantle melting that reflects regional variations in mantle potential temperatures (Lau/Manus hotter than Mariana/Scotia). This interpretation accords with numerical model predictions that faster subduction-induced advection will maintain a hotter mantle wedge. The primary compositional trends within each BAB (a positive correlation between Fe8, Na8 and Ti8, and their inverse correlation with H2O(8) and Ba/La) are controlled by variations in water content, melt extraction, and enrichments imposed by slab and mantle wedge processes. Systematic axial depth (as a proxy for crustal production) variations with distance from the island arc indicate that compositional controls on melting dominate over spreading rate. Hydrous fluxing enhances decompression melting, allowing depleted mantle sources just behind the island arc to melt extensively, producing shallow spreading axes. Flow of enriched mantle components around the ends of slabs may augment this process in transform-bounded back-arcs such as the east Scotia Basin. The re-circulation (by mantle wedge corner flow) to the spreading axes of mantle previously depleted by both arc and spreading melt extraction can explain the greater depths and thinner crust of the East Lau Spreading Center, Manus Southern Rifts, and Mariana Trough and the very depleted lavas of east Scotia segments E8/E9. The crust becomes mid-ocean ridge (MOR)-like where the spreading axes, further away from the island arc and subducted slab, entrain dominantly fertile mantle. 相似文献