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高分辨率非线性三维整体反演方法是基于非线性理论,在层位控制下,将工区多井(或全部井)的测井数据与井旁地震道数据输入具有多输入多输出的网络,同时进行整体训练,可获得整个工区的自适应权函数,并建立综合非线性映射关系,并根据储层在纵横方向上的地质变化特征更新这种非线性映射关系,这样,就能对反演过程及其反演结果起到约束和控制的作用,从而获得稳定且分辨率高的地震反演剖面(速度反演剖面/波阻抗反演剖面/密度反演剖面),实现整体反演,该方法通过模型试算和实际资料处理,获得较好的地质效果,证明该方法精度高、实用性强,可用于储层的定量分析。 相似文献
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针对利用地震道进行相对波阻抗反演中遇到的横向连续性难以保持、初始子波容错度差以及随机噪声干扰影响反演结果等问题,提出了一种基于矩阵Toeplitz稀疏分解的相对波阻抗反演方法.该方法将地震数据剖面的Toeplitz稀疏分解问题分解为两个子反演问题,其一以Toeplitz子波矩阵元素为待反演的参数,用Fused Lasso方法求解,可保证子波具有紧支集且是光滑的;其二以稀疏反射系数矩阵元素为待反演参数,用基于回溯的快速萎缩阈值迭代算法求解,大大降低了目标函数中参数选择的难度.通过交替迭代求解上述两个子反演问题可将地震数据剖面因式分解为一个Toeplitz子波矩阵和一个稀疏反射系数矩阵;然后由反射系数矩阵递推反演可以得到高分辨率的相对波阻抗剖面;利用测井资料加入低频分量后,也可得到高分辨率的绝对波阻抗剖面.Marmousi2模型生成的合成记录算例和实际地震资料算例均表明:本文方法可以从带限地震数据中有效地反演相对波阻抗,反演结果分辨率高并且能够很好地保持地震数据的横向连续性;即使在初始估计子波存在误差和地震数据被随机噪声污染的情况下也能取得较好的效果. 相似文献
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《应用地球物理》2021,(1)
叠后地震数据波阻抗反演是储层预测的一种有效方法。目前所常用的叠后反演处理通过递归积分公式在单道上求得波阻抗,不能进行横向正则化约束。采用多道波阻抗反演方法,并对波阻抗模型进行高维(二维或三维)边缘保持平滑滤波预处理,从而将边缘保持先验信息引入地震反演中。经边缘保持平滑滤波预处理后的阻抗模型具有块状化特点(反演出的波阻抗具有清晰的地层边界与边缘,即具有边缘保持性质)。反演得到的波阻抗剖面具有清晰的构造界线与地质体边缘,并具备鲁棒性。然后,通过两个地层波阻抗模型验证了该方法的可行性与稳定性。最后,应用该方法处理了中国西南某三维地震工区数据并进行解释,精确揭示出本工区目的层含气生物礁储层段。 相似文献
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井插值初始模型为基于模型的反演提供的低频信息往往不够准确,导致该模型驱动方法容易出现较大的波阻抗预测误差且建模效率较低.为缓解这些问题,本文利用数据驱动的深度学习反演更加擅长预测低频阻抗的优势,提出一种基于数据与模型联合驱动的波阻抗反演方法.该方法联合地震和测井等数据,先后开展数据驱动和模型驱动的波阻抗反演.首先,数据驱动部分使用井旁地震记录、测井导出的波阻抗曲线以及井插值低频阻抗曲线,搭建以双向门控递归单元为主要模块的波阻抗智能预测网络.其次,该网络预测的波阻抗的低频分量作为数据驱动初始模型,替代井插值初始模型而参与模型驱动部分.最后,模型驱动部分在地震数据匹配和数据驱动初始模型的共同约束下开展基于模型的反演,获得最终的波阻抗结果.合成数据和实际数据测试表明,本文方法相比于单一的数据驱动或模型驱动方法能获得更高分辨率和更高精度的波阻抗反演结果,从而为后续储层预测提供可靠的弹性参数分布. 相似文献
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为了更好地研究水合物的展布形态和赋存情况,对西沙海域天然气水合物的准三维地震资料进行无井波阻抗反演。详细论证针对水合物无井波阻抗反演的处理方法:根据水合物的地球物理特征对地震资料进行零相位化处理;根据地震资料本身特征,在工区多个构造稳定区提取地震子波,对求取的子波平均化保证子波的稳定性;根据叠加速度,通过网格插值、平滑、滤波、转换求取三维低频阻抗模型。最终得到的反演结果地质现象清楚,能够较准确地反映水合物的空间展布情况,利于后续水合物的综合分析研究。 相似文献
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Yuanqiang Li Jingye Li Xiaohong Chen Jian Zhang Xin Bo 《Geophysical Prospecting》2020,68(7):2009-2026
The conventional impedance inversion method ignores the attenuation effect, transmission loss and inter-layer multiple waves; the smooth-like regularization approach makes the corresponding impedance solution excessively smooth. Both fundamentally limit the resolution of impedance result and lead to the inadequate ability of boundary characterization. Therefore, a post-stack impedance blocky inversion method based on the analytic solution of viscous acoustic equation is proposed. Based on the derived recursive formula of reflections, the 1D viscous acoustic wave equation is solved analytically to obtain zero-offset full-wave field response. Applying chain rule, the analytical expression of the Fréchet derivative is derived for gradient-descent non-linear inversion. Combined with smooth constraints, the blocky constraints can be introduced into the Bayesian inference framework to obtain stable and well-defined inversion results. According to the above theory, we firstly use model data to analyse the influence of incompleteness of forward method on seismic response, and further verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. Then the Q-value sensitivity analysis of seismic trace is carried out to reduce the difficulty of Q-value estimation. Finally, the real data from Lower Congo Basin in West Africa indicate that the proposed approach provide the high-resolution and well-defined impedance result. As a supplement and development of linear impedance inversion method, the non-linear viscous inversion could recover more realistic and reliable impedance profiles. 相似文献
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This paper proposes a HVSR (horizontal to vertical spectral ratio)-based approach to assess a deep and dynamically compacted fill area in Western Sydney. In addition to recognizing that the predominant resonance peak of the HVSR curve is a reflection of the impedance contrast between the surface layers and bedrock, the present paper recognizes that the secondary resonance peaks of the curve at higher frequencies may reflect strong impedance contrast within surface layers. This concept has been applied to develop a methodology of HVSR-based approach relying on the measurement of the HVSR of microtremors at measuring stations, and calibration and verification by independent mechanical and MSOR (multichannel simulation with one receiver) tests. The use of MSOR tests is introduced in this paper to facilitate the calibration of the HVSR forward model, particularly in terms of providing information for the initial guess of the shear wave velocity, Vs, profile in the HVSR forward modelling. The present paper demonstrates the effective use of the HVSR-based approach to assess dynamic compaction in the gaps away from and not covered by the mechanical tests. The mapping between the depth of bedrock and the predominant resonance frequency is also extended to include the mapping of the depths of layers with strong impedance contrasts to the secondary resonance peaks, after the data have been verified by independent mechanical tests. 相似文献
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Patrice E. Carbonneau 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2005,30(13):1687-1693
It has recently been demonstrated that surficial grain sizes in fluvial environments could be derived with automated methods applied to airborne digital imagery having a ground resolution of 3 cm. This letter seeks to further examine the potential of digital imagery for automated grain size mapping. In order to broaden the application of automated grain size mapping from airborne imagery, the effect of image resolution needs further study. Automated grain size mapping was attempted on an airborne digital image with a ground resolution of 10 cm. The results show that meaningful grain size information can be derived from 10 cm imagery. However, the ground resolution of the image acts as a size threshold below which no grain size information is detectable. Therefore, these results strongly suggest that future applications of automated grain size mapping will always be dependent on the ground resolution made available by the technology in use at the time of image acquisition. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Abstract A novel approach for mapping river runoff is presented. It is based on a disaggregation of the mean annual streamflow measured at the outlet of a basin to estimate water depths on elements of an exact partition of this basin. The developed technique is based on geostatistical interpolation procedures to which a global constraint of water balance has been added. The methodology is illustrated by a case study from a tributary to the Rhône River, France. The results were compared to an established method-the nested approach, and a cross-validation was performed for each mapping technique. The disaggregation approach appears to give the most consistent results. Finally, two gridded maps were derived by applying the disaggregation twice to assess water depth on an increasingly finer grid mesh. The global constraint of water balance was applied to each element of the coarser mesh to give estimates for the finer one. 相似文献
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本文对大地电磁观测阻抗实施一种数学变换--"共轭阻抗变换",发现转换后的观测阻抗和区域阻抗之间存在特定的关系,这种特定关系不受电场局部畸变的影响,而且同样不需要关于地下区域结构维性的假设,在区域结构是三维的情况下也是成立的.对转换后的观测阻抗采用已有的Swift旋转方法即可求得区域主轴方位角,然后采用最优化方法求取区域阻抗相位、振幅以及畸变因子.同时根据转换后的观测阻抗重新定义了不受电场局部畸变影响的构造维性参数.采用合成理论数据验证了新算法的正确性,和Swift、Bahr、GB、相位张量、WAL方法进行了对比分析,并将新方法应用于实测资料的解释,发展了一套消除局部畸变和进行构造维性分析的MT精细资料处理技术.进一步的工作是将新算法推广到多点多频,并采用最优化技术分解,发展一种稳定性好、多测点多频点的阻抗张量分解技术. 相似文献
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Methods that combine frequency and time domain techniques offer an attractive alternative for solving Soil–Structure-interaction problems where the structure exhibits non-linear behaviour. In the hybrid-frequency-time-domain procedure a reference linear system is solved in the frequency domain and the difference between the actual restoring forces and those in the linear model are treated as pseudo-forces. In the solution scheme explored in this paper, designated as the hybrid-time-frequency-domain (HTFD) procedure, the equations of motion are solved in the time domain with due consideration for non-linearities and with the unbounded medium represented by frequency-independent springs and dampers. The frequency dependency of the impedance coefficients is introduced by means of pseudo-forces evaluated in the frequency domain at the end of each iteration. A criterion of stability for the HTFD approach is derived analytically and its validity is sustained numerically. As is often the case, the criterion takes the form of a limit of unity on the spectral radius of an appropriately defined matrix. Inspection of the terms in this matrix shows that convergence can be guaranteed by suitable selection of the reference impedance. The CPU times required to obtain converged solutions with the HTFD are found, in a number of numerical simulations, to be up to one order of magnitude less than those required by the alternative hybrid-frequency-time-domain approach. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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The application of elastic impedance inversion in reservoir prediction at the Jinan area of Tarim Oilfield 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The Triassic reservoir in the Jinan area of Tarim Oilfield consists largely of interbedded sand and shale. Because of the large overlap between sandstone and shale impedance, it is difficult to distinguish sandstone from shale by acoustic impedance alone. Compared to acoustic impedance, elastic impedance contains more lithologic and physical information of the reservoir. Based on meticulous well-tie calibration, elastic impedance data volumes for 10°, 20°, and 30° emergence angles are obtained using pre-stack elastic impedance inversion. A non-linear statistical relationship between elastic impedance and shale content is set up by a PNN neural network. The non-linear mapping relationship is used to predict the reservoir shale content from elastic impedance, which will depict and predict the reservoir oil-bearing sands. 相似文献
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Yanan Liu Shengchang Chen Guoxin Chen Feng Wang Zhiwei Gu 《Geophysical Prospecting》2020,68(8):2504-2517
Impedance is a physical parameter that plays an important role in seismic data processing and interpretation. A relative impedance perturbation (the ratio of the impedance perturbation and the impedance for the background models) imaging method in depth domain based on the reflection wave equation is proposed. Under the small perturbation assumption, primary wave and high-frequency approximation condition, a linear propagation equation of the primary reflection waves based on the relative impedance perturbation was first derived. On this basis, we further derived the imaging formula of the relative impedance perturbation using a linear inversion theory. Then, the source–receiver bidirectional illumination compensation was used to improve the image quality of the subsurface structures. The image result obtained by this method can be used to estimate the relative impedance perturbation. In the angle domain, the extracted near-angle-domain image gather with amplitude compensation can estimate the relative impedance perturbation, and the far-angle image gather provides the estimation of the relative velocity perturbation (the ratio of the velocity perturbation and the background velocity). Finally, several numerical tests demonstrate the effectiveness of the method. 相似文献
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Acoustic impedance is one of the best attributes for seismic interpretation and reservoir characterisation. We present an approach for estimating acoustic impedance accurately from a band‐limited and noisy seismic data. The approach is composed of two stages: inverting for reflectivity from seismic data and then estimating impedance from the reflectivity inverted in the first stage. For the first stage, we achieve a two‐step spectral inversion that locates the positions of reflection coefficients in the first step and determines the amplitudes of the reflection coefficients in the second step under the constraints of the positions located in the first step. For the second stage, we construct an iterative impedance estimation algorithm based on reflectivity. In each iteration, the iterative impedance estimation algorithm estimates the absolute acoustic impedance based on an initial acoustic impedance model that is given by summing the high‐frequency component of acoustic impedance estimated at the last iteration and a low‐frequency component determined in advance using other data. The known low‐frequency component is used to restrict the acoustic impedance variation tendency in each iteration. Examples using one‐ and two‐dimensional synthetic and field seismic data show that the approach is flexible and superior to the conventional spectral inversion and recursive inversion methods for generating more accurate acoustic impedance models. 相似文献