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植物孢子和花粉是理想的恢复环境变化的有机指标,对于第四纪地层划分和区域古气候的对比具有重要意义。本文在川西冕宁泸沽镇附近选取安宁河Ⅰ~Ⅲ级阶地剖面进行年代学测量和孢粉采样分析。结果表明:安宁河Ⅰ级阶形成时期为全新世,气候温和较湿或轻湿;Ⅱ级阶地沉积时期在晚更新世晚期或全新世早期,温度及湿度均比Ⅰ级阶地时低,在该时期无论植被和气候曾出现过两次以上比较明显的变化及波动;Ⅲ级阶地沉积时期为晚更新世中期,气候温和较湿或轻湿,堆积时期之温度及湿度均比Ⅱ级阶地时高,但又均比Ⅰ级阶地时低。同时探讨了安宁河阶地形成时期构造、气候的变化规律。根据河流的下切速率可以间接的推断晚更新世构造隆升速率大于晚更新世末期-全新世。 相似文献
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文中以14个钻孔地层编录为基础,结合前人研究资料,初步总结了福州盆地埋藏第四纪地层的沉积特征。福州盆地沉积始于晚更新世中期(约56.5ka BP),由砾石、砂、黏土、淤泥组成,总体表现为从下至上粒度变细的沉积序列,地层岩性横向变化较大;盆地内发育3层淤泥,第1,2层淤泥发育于全新世中晚期,时代为1.44~7.86ka BP,为“长乐海侵”的产物,第3层淤泥发育于晚更新世晚期,时代约为44~20ka BP,为“福州海侵”的产物;盆地埋藏晚第四纪地层可划分为上更新统和全新统,分为4个组,从老至新分别为龙海组(Q3pl)、东山组(Qhd)、长乐组(Qhc)与江田组(Qhj)。龙海组归属上更新统,划分为3段,其余3个组归属全新统 相似文献
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呼伦湖晚第四纪湖相地层沉积学及湖面波动历史 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
对内蒙古呼伦湖盆地扎赉诺尔地区晚第四纪湖泊沉积物进行了沉积学(沉积构造、结构、垂向层序等)和~(14)C年代地层学研究,并逐层识别出地层剖面的各种沉积相类型,包括开阔湖、近岸带、滨岸沙滩、滨岸沼泽和滨岸沙丘等不同类型沉积,依此恢复了30kaB.P.以来的湖泊演化和湖面波动历史。其中13~11kaB.P.是湖面最高时期,10.9~0.6kaB.P.的低湖面可能与新仙女木事件有关。 相似文献
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华北平原东部地区晚更新世以来的孢粉序列与气候分期 总被引:14,自引:0,他引:14
本文应用图象识别方法,对华北平原东部地区(宝坻—濮阳)的五口井和一个剖面的孢粉资料进行了研究,将本区晚更新世晚期一全新世地层划分为五个孢粉组合带,七个孢粉组合亚带,共建九个孢粉植物群演化阶段。在此基础上根据植物生态特征,探讨了两万年以来的气候演变,确立了九个气候期,并发现全新世以来气候变化具有八次明显的降温及七次升温过程,存在着二千五百年及千年左右的波动周期 相似文献
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钻探证实,镇江市谏壁镇长江北岸高桥镇北部埋藏硬粘土层,之上为冰后期松散沉积物。沉积物主要为粉砂、粘土质粉砂、砂泥互层,中部局部夹含细砾中细砂,顶部见淤泥质粘土;夹数十层植物炭屑层;以水平纹理为主,局部见小型交错层理、波状层理。表明冰后期以来该地处于水动力较弱的河湖环境,为多期湖沼相沉积夹汉道河流相沉积,局部有海相沉积物加入。根据碳化植物碎屑^14C年龄,推测冰后期底界年龄约13000aBP,海侵到达该地的时间约为9000aBP,海侵最高位时间约为6500aBP。冰后期平均沉积速率约为4.9m/ka,湖沼相3.4~6m/ka,河流相10~15m/ka。对全新统的底界年龄和海相层的埋藏深度进行了讨论。 相似文献
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CHRONOSTRATIGRAPHIC CLASSIFICATION OF ZOIGE BASIN SINCE LATE PLEISTOCENE AND ITS TECTONIC-CLIMATE SIGNIFICANCE 下载免费PDF全文
Since stratigraphic formation is influenced by tectonic activities and climate since late Pleistocene,it is important to build the stratigraphic sequence to improve the research of active tectonics,climatic change and landform factors.Zoige Basin is located in the eastern edge of Tibet Plateau where the tectonic is active and the Chinese monsoon is strong.The research of stratigraphic sequence is closely related to the tectonic activities and climate changes.Based on 26 typical stratum profiles revealed by lacustrine boreholes,terraces,peat deposits and trenching,203 isotope dating data were obtained by AMS and OSL methods.We conduct a stratigraphic correlation and classification in Zoige Basin since the Late Pleistocene.Sedimentary cycles are divided into six sedimentary rhythms (75~42ka,42~37ka,37~20ka,16~11ka,11~4ka and 4~0ka) and six marker beds (fine sand of 75~55ka and 22~20ka,gray silt deposit or gravel deposit of 13~9ka,black sandy clay containing carbonaceous deposits of 4ka,2ka and 0.3ka).There is a close relation between strata and tectonic-climate.On the one hand,sedimentary cycles coincide with climate change and have a good correspondence with ocean oxygen isotope.On the other hand,sedimentation characteristics is influenced by the persistent activities in neotectonic period of the east Kunlun fault zone on the north side and the Longrize fault zone on the west side.Marker beds and sedimentary cycles are compared with the strata in adjacent areas.It shows that climate change is the main factor affecting sedimentary cycle.The difference of stratum thickness and its spatial distribution is also affected by tectonic activity. 相似文献
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根据福州盆地2个钻孔地层放射性元素(铀、钍、钾)含量的变化特点,结合孢粉分析等结果,探讨了地层放射性元素含量变化与岩性、沉积环境的关系。沉积地层中的放射性元素含量与沉积物粒度、岩性等密切相关,在泥质沉积(如淤泥、黏土)中含量较高,在砂质沉积中较低,在砾石层中介于前两者之间。同时,放射性元素含量的高低还与古气候环境有关,温暖潮湿的环境放射性元素含量较高,凉爽干燥的环境含量较低 相似文献
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Relict Flandrian estuarine deposits in the Ythan valley are confined to an area in the lower valley around the present estuary. They rest upon a discontinuous layer of peat over an irregular surface of sand and gravel, and consist for the most part of a grey silty clay, or carse deposit, which forms terraces or small areas of carseland. At the seaward end of the estuary the grey silty clay contains a layer of grey, micaceous, silty fine sand, which tapers into the basal peat, whilst in places the surface of the grey silty clay is covered by peat and/or blown sand. The vegetational context and age of these deposits have been determined at Waterside, near the mouth of the present estuary. Here, the grey silty clay accumulated as the result of a marine transgression which began in the early Flandrian, and culminated between about 6189·95 and some time prior to 4000·80 radiocarbon years B.P. The carseland surface produced by this phase of accumulation is the highest Flandrian estuarine surface in the valley, at about 4·5 m O.D., and is correlated with the Main Postglacial Shoreline elsewhere in eastern Scotland. Withdrawal of the sea from this level may have been interrupted by the formation of a lower carseland surface before present levels were reached, though this is far from certain. The grey, micaceous, silty fine sand layer is dated at approximately 6850·140 radiocarbon years B.P., and is correlated with similar layers that may have been deposited following a storm surge. The paper concludes with some considerations on the age and distribution of the Main Postglacial Shoreline in eastern Scotland. 相似文献
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Certain details regarding the origin and evolution of shelf sand ridges remain elusive. Knowledge of their internal stratigraphy and microfossil distribution is necessary to define the origin and to determine the processes that modify sand ridges. Fourteen vibracores from False Cape Shoal A, a well-developed shoreface-attached sand ridge on the Virginia/North Carolina inner continental shelf, were examined to document the internal stratigraphy and benthic foraminiferal assemblages, as well as to reconstruct the depositional environments recorded in down-core sediments. Seven sedimentary and foraminiferal facies correspond to the following stratigraphic units: fossiliferous silt, barren sand, clay to sandy clay, laminated and bioturbated sand, poorly sorted massive sand, fine clean sand, and poorly sorted clay to gravel. The units represent a Pleistocene estuary and shoreface, a Holocene estuary, ebb tidal delta, modern shelf, modern shoreface, and swale fill, respectively. The succession of depositional environments reflects a Pleistocene sea-level highstand and subsequent regression followed by the Holocene transgression in which barrier island/spit systems formed along the Virginia/North Carolina inner shelf 5.2 ka and migrated landward and an ebb tidal delta that was deposited, reworked, and covered by shelf sand. 相似文献
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福建晋江市前港湖、龙湖等四湖泊的成因机理 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对前港湖、龙湖、虺湖、(氵丙)州湖的地理环境进行了实地考察,对钻孔和钻孔岩心沉积相及微体古生物进行了分析,对14C样品进行了年代测定,特别是通过对龙湖湖内和沿岸共78个钻孔岩心的分析,揭示了龙湖及沿岸残坡积层和晚更新世以来的沉积层展布,进而得到了龙湖成湖前的凹陷和发育在凹陷内的古河流环境,最终推断这4个湖泊为全新世晚期地震断塞湖.主要理由是:这4个湖沿衙口-(氵丙)州隐伏断裂(控制深沪湾地堑NW侧边界的断裂)呈线状展布,都为淡水湖;都发育在晚更新统含砾砂黏土及残坡积层构成的凹陷内,成湖前凹陷内有古河流;已发现龙湖湖盆SE近隐伏断裂处的下游古河床被抬高,且高出上游河床3m以上;前港湖、龙湖的最早成湖年龄都为距今2.4ka左右,这个年龄处于全新世晚期的强古地震发生的可能时间区间内,该地震同时导致了深沪湾海底古森林更深沉没于海底;都存在湖坝和可能的地震沉积相.推断上述湖泊是在该古地震时衙口-(氵丙)州断裂NW侧地块翘起掀升堵塞河流形成的地震断塞湖.湖泊形成后,当地盛行的风沙在湖坝处的加积和在地堑内的填积,导致湖坝变宽增高并和地堑沉积连成大致等高的一体,阻挡了湖水的外流,这是使湖泊继续发育并留存至今的重要原因. 相似文献
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Palaeomonsoon variability in the southern fringe of the Badain Jaran Desert,China, since 130 ka BP 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Quanzhou Gao Zhen Tao Baosheng Li Heling Jin Xueyong Zou Yechun Zhang Guangrong Dong 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2006,31(3):265-283
Taking the Chagelebulu Stratigraphic Profile as a typical example, a comprehensive study has been conducted to elucidate the palaeoclimatic and geomorphic evolution patterns in the southern fringe of the Badain Jaran Desert, which were found to be complex and polycyclic in the past 130 ka. However, the fluctuating magnitude is not as remarkable as that in the eastern China sandy region. The shift in climate from interglacial to glacial and the uplift process of the Qinghai–Xizang Plateau are the two leading forces driving the evolution of the climate and desert landforms in this area. Seventeen cycles of cold, dry and warm, humid climatic stages were recognized in the Upper Pleistocene Series of the profile. The sharp uplift of the Qinghai–Xizang Plateau superimposed a cool and arid climatic trend in this area. As a result of the climatic changes, the desert in this area has undergone multiple stages of expansion and contraction since 130 ka bp . The middle Holocene Epoch and the early stage of the Late Pleistocene Period were the main periods when the sand dunes became stabilized, and the early and late phases of the Holocene Epoch and late phase of the Pleistocene Epoch were the main periods when the previously stabilized sand dunes became mobile. The late phase of the Pleistocene Epoch was the most mobile stage, when the aeolian sand activities formed the essential geomorphic pattern of the Badain Jaran Desert. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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In both sand quarry faces and boreholes the Old Alluvium of Singapore is a matrix supported pebbly sand with minor beds of better sorted sands and clays. The beds can be grouped into four textural classes (pebbles, coarse sand with fine pebbles, medium to coarse sand, clay, and silt), each with characteristic sedimentary structures. The deposit appears to be the proximal facies of an ancient braided river alluvium of possible Pleistocene age. This widespread but scattered alluvium is found both on land and offshore on the Sunda Shelf in Southeast Asia. It is believed to have been deposited during low sea levels. In Singapore, the mineralogy of the grains forming the Old Alluvium suggests a mixed provenance of granitic and low-grade metamorphic origin. The volume and freshness of the deposited material indicate an environment of considerable relief, seasonal rainfall, and extremely active erosional processes, conditions considerably different from the current ones. The Old Alluvium was probably deposited by seasonal rivers which experienced periodic large floods. Such regional conditions could have prevailed over much of Southeast Asia at the time of deposition of the Old Alluvium. 相似文献
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Evolution of radiative sand ridge field of the South Yellow Sea and its sedimentary characteristics 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Ying Wang Dakui Zhu Kunyuan You Shaoming Pan Xiaodong Zhu Xinqing Zou Yongzhan Zhang 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》1999,42(1):97-112
A sand ridge field of 22 470 km2 consists of fine sands and silts originally from the old Changjiang River sediment during the late Pleistocene period. Late
Holocene sand stratum with its well-preserved larmnary bedding of more clay particles reflects the influence from the Yellow
River. There are three genetic types of morphology of sand ridge field as follows: (i) reformed alluvial sandy bodies and
old river valleys, located in the central and southern parts, formed from the end of Pleistocene to the present. (ii) Radiative
current ridges and patrimonal valley type, located in the northeastern part, formed during the early or middle Holocene time.
(iii) Eroded-depositional sandy bodies in the north and outer parts, and erosional trough in the north formed since the middle
Holocene transgression.
The sand ridge field has a periodic nature of developing processes: the period of sediment accumulation by rivers during cold
epoch with low sea level and the period of erosional formation by tidal currents during warm epoch of transgression. The river-sea
interactive process in the area is closely related to the climate change; the rising and falling of the sea level is the detonating
agent of the coast zone land-sea dynamic interactive processes. They can be summarized as “transgression-dynamic-sedimentation”
processes.
Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 49236120). Pmject codmg: SCIEL 21198103. 相似文献