共查询到17条相似文献，搜索用时 515 毫秒
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汶川地震中广元部分行业经济损失调查与评估 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对汶川地震中广元市的银行建筑、商铺、大型商场进行了房屋震害和经济损失调查;然后,分析了银行建筑、商铺、大型商场的震害特点和经济损失特点,对各种经济损失进行了划分和分析;根据现场调查情况,提出各部分的损失比,进一步分别对银行、商铺和大型商场的经济损失进行估计,损失估计值与调查值基本符合;现场调查和损失评估还表明,不仅不同行业经济损失的构成和影响因素不同,即使同一行业,经营商品不同,经济损失及其影响因素也不同,因此,需要分门别类地研究不同行业?不同功能建筑的直接和间接经济损失。 相似文献
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震后企业停产减产损失估计方法的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
企业停产减产损失是地震间接损失的重要组成部分，本文根据唐山地震的震害资料，提出了地震破坏后一个地区或城市因停产和减产而造成的经济损失的一个估计方法，为估计地城的时间损失提供了一个可行的途径，此法广泛适用于震后经济损失估计和震害预测工作。 相似文献
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简要介绍了近年来一些国家地震灾害造成的经济损失占这些国家国内生产总值的比例；主要介绍了多震地区开展地震断层探测研究的概况以断层活动为基础的地震保险试验的内容及研究进展。 相似文献
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以山西G市为例，通过对该市建筑物造价、建筑物室内财产、各乡镇经济收入、县乡企业经济等情况进行的调查，对该市进行了直接和间接经济损失预测，从而给出总经济损失预测结果。在建筑物震害预测的基础上，给出不同破坏烈度下预测区的死亡人数、无家可归人数的预测结果，指出预测未来地震灾害的经济损失和人员伤亡是把握当今社会经济布局和未来灾害损失程度、科学制定防震减灾对策的重要环节之一。 相似文献
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１９９６年上半年全世界共发生６级以上地震５８次，其中７级以上地震１０次，成灾的地震１０次，死亡人数总５１０人，伤约１．５万人，经济损失为８３亿－１００亿元人民币。其中我国境内灾害地震３次，死亡人数共计３４９人，伤约１．４５万人，经济损失约７８亿元人民币。我国因地震死亡的总人数约占全世界地震 相似文献
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文中主要探讨了由地震引起的天津市经济损失和生命损失的预测问题。首先阐述了天津市震害预测的 5个背景特点 :建筑物特点、地质条件特点、建筑场地划分特点、基本设防烈度特点以及地震烈度衰减关系特点 ,根据这 5个特点将天津市划分为含有 7种建筑结构形式的 4个区域的震害预测模式。在此基础上 ,分析了天津市地震经济损失模型和生命损失模型 ,考虑了时间因素 ,然后与1976年唐山大地震的实际震害结果进行了对比及修正 ,给出了天津市 4个区域的建筑物地震经济损失率模型、社会财富损失率模型和建筑物毁坏率模型 ,并给出了计算天津市建筑物地震经济损失、天津市国内生产总值GDP地震经济损失和天津市地震生命损失的表达式 ;最后 ,将天津市地区划分为2 85 8个震害评估单元 ,以近百年来在天津市区域内曾经发生的最大地震作为假想地震 ,预测分析了天津市建筑物地震经济损失分布和地震生命损失分布结果 相似文献
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为快速了解破坏性地震发生后建筑物破坏所造成的人员伤亡和经济损失,合理投入救灾所需人、财、物,便于领导决策和指挥,提出震后经济损失和人员伤亡快速预估方法。依据地震发生的基本参数、地震地质条件等预估灾害范围、建筑物破坏程度、经济损失、人员伤亡等情况,给出地震发生早期影响尺度的快速预测结果。 相似文献
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以某高速铁路线上一座连续梁桥为例,运用模糊综合评判法,结合基于位移的支座损伤分析和截面曲率的桥墩损伤分析,以全概率理论地震损失模型为基础,提出了基于模糊理论的桥梁系统地震经济风险评估方法。结果表明:综合考虑桥梁系统的模糊地震经济风险分析方法能更全面地计算出连续梁桥在地震作用下的经济损失,仅以桥墩构件代表全桥所得地震经济损失误差较大。基于模糊理论的年预期损失风险框架方法通过结构抗震性能的概率特征可对高速铁路连续梁桥的地震直接经济风险进行全面评估,为该类桥梁的抗震设计、维修加固和灾后重建等方案做出合理评价。 相似文献
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ASSESSMENT ON INDIRECT ECONOMIC LOSS OF WENCHUAN EARTHQUAKE DISASTER BASED ON INPUT-OUTPUT ANALYSIS 
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下载免费PDF全文 The scientific and reasonable assessment of disaster loss is the basic work for disaster relief and post-disaster reconstruction.Indirect economic loss is also an important part of scientific assessment for disaster influence.Taking the stricken area of 2008 Wenchuan earthquake in Sichuan as an example,this paper preliminarily analyzed the sections-related indirect economic loss resulting from Wenchuan earthquake by the methods of input-output analysis.The results show that,1) the sections-related indirect economic loss of Wenchuan earthquake reached up to 2 545.32 billion Yuan,which is as much as 3 times the direct economic loss in Sichuan Province.The direct economic loss does not evaluate the effects of Wenchuan earthquake disaster completely,and the indirect economic loss is an inseparable part for the systematic assessment of disaster influence.2) The characteristics of economic losses are not the same among different sectors in Sichuan.The indirect economic losses of industry and other services are the biggest in all sectors of Sichuan.However,the ratios of indirect and direct economic loss in industry,agriculture,construction are the highest,which is over 14.60,8.70 and 7.11,respectively.3) Although the uncertainty exists in the assessment result due to the limitation of input-output model,input-output analysis is still the most wildly used method to assess the indirect economic loss of natural hazard.Furthermore,the data accuracy is also an important factor influencing the economic loss assessment of natural hazard. 相似文献
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A pushover-based seismic risk assessment and loss estimation methodology for masonry buildings is introduced. It enables estimation of loss by various performance measures such as the probability of exceeding a designated economic loss, the expected annual loss, and the expected loss given a seismic intensity. The methodology enables the estimation of the economic loss directly from the results of structural analysis, which combines pushover analysis and incremental dynamic analysis of an equivalent SDOF model. The use of the methodology is demonstrated by means of two variants of a three-storey masonry building both of which have the same geometry, but they are built, respectively, from hollow clay masonry (model H) and solid brick masonry (model S). The probability of collapse given the selected design earthquake corresponding to a return period of 475 years was found to be negligible for model H, which indicates the proper behaviour of such a structure when designed according to the current building codes. However, the corresponding probability of collapse of model S was very high (46%). The expected total loss given the design earthquake was estimated to amount to 28 000 € and 290 000 €, respectively, for models H and S. The expected annual loss per 100 m2 of gross floor area was estimated to amount to 75 € and 191 €, respectively, for models H and S. For the presented examples, it was also observed that nonstructural elements contributed more than 50% of the total loss. 相似文献
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河北省北部地震灾害经济损失预测 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
地震灾害经济损失预测是震害预测的重要组成部分,在河北省北部地震危险性概率分析、建筑物、生命线工程等震害预测的基础上,确定了震害经济损失预测的各种参数,以乡（镇）、区（市辖区）为基础统计单元,采用动态预测模型,预测河北省北部２００５年前震害经济期望损失：直接经济损失１９．７４亿元,总经济损失３１．９２亿元。若怀来发生５．５级和６级假想地震,震害经济损失分别为３．０６亿元和４．８２亿元,死亡１人和１１ 相似文献
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建筑结构在地震中的损坏程度是人员伤亡和经济损失预测的基础,也是城市地震经济损失的主要组成部分。本文结合某中等城市市区六种典型建筑在地震作用下的受力特点和破坏机理,分别采用了相应的易损性分析方法,建立了市区震害矩阵。预测结果真实可靠,为进一步进行抗震规划和统计震害损失提供依据。 相似文献
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多点激励下大跨度斜拉桥地震反应分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
大跨斜拉桥是交通运输的枢纽工程,一旦在地震中遭到破坏,将会造成巨大的直接和间接经济损失.由于大跨斜拉桥的跨度大,在地震中地震波到达不同桥墩的时间存在差异,这会对大跨斜拉桥的地震反应产生很大影响.因此,对大跨斜拉桥在多点输入下的反应开展研究,对进行正确有效的抗震设计,确保其抗震安全性具有非常重要的意义.本文分析了多点激励下大跨度斜拉桥的地震反应,并与一致激励下大跨度斜拉桥的地震反应进行了对比,研究了多点激励对大跨度斜拉桥地震反应的影响. 相似文献
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This paper addresses correlations between multiple components in structure‐specific seismic loss estimation. To date, the consideration of such correlations has been limited by methodological tractability, increased computational demand, and a paucity of data for their computation. The effect of component correlations, which arises in various forms, is however a significant factor affecting the results of structure‐specific seismic loss estimation and therefore it is prudent that adequate consideration be given to their effect. This paper provides the details of a tractable and computationally efficient seismic loss estimation methodology in which correlations can be considered. Methods to determine the necessary correlations are discussed, particularly those that can be used in the absence of sufficient empirical data, for which values are suggested based on the judgement. The effects of various assumptions regarding correlations are illustrated via application to a case‐study office structure. It is observed that certain correlation assumptions can lead to errors in excess of 50% in the lognormal standard deviation in the loss given intensity and loss hazard relationships, while full consideration of partial correlations is 50 times more computationally expensive than other assumptions. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献