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1.
广西泥盆系弗拉斯．法门阶事件界线附近广泛分布一套事件沉积．该事件沉积具有等时性、成因相关性、分区性和广布性．事件沉积绝大部分位于下triangularis带,分布于台间海槽相区和台地边缘斜坡相区．事件沉积以重力流沉积为特色,在横县六景、象州罗秀、巴漆等台地边缘斜坡相区F-F事件沉积为碎屑流沉积的粗砾岩或砾屑灰岩;台间海槽相区的桂林杨堤和白沙、德保都安、武宣南峒和三利、象州香田和马鞍山、崇左那艺、上林云攀等地F-F事件沉积为浊积岩;台间海槽相区的南丹芒场、罗富和南丹-天峨公路F-F事件沉积为块状砂屑灰岩．这些事件沉积可以和比利时的Hony剖面、美国内华达的Devils Gate剖面、摩洛哥的Atrous剖面、俄罗斯的南乌拉尔、西伯利亚东北部的Fore—Kolyma、波兰．摩拉维亚盆地南部（Holy Cross山脉,Cracow和Bmo地区）法门阶底部的浊积岩和角砾岩对比．如此广泛的全球性分布的等时性的事件沉积可以和巨大的外星体坠入到海洋中引起的全球性海啸相联系． 相似文献
2.
厄尔尼诺事件的成因链 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
提出了厄尔尼诺事件成因链的概念．指出影响厄尔尼诺事件的物理因子都是层层相接、环环相扣的,它们组成了一个互相联系、互为因果的厄尔尼诺事件成因链．成因链上物理因子之间的反馈作用和消长作用,导致成因链上的各种成因理论都不能完全地自圆其说,因而也无法完全确定地用于厄尔尼诺事件预测．只有深入探讨反馈作用和消长作用,并综合分析物理因子的贡献率,才能提高厄尔尼诺事件预测的准确率．这为解决厄尔尼诺事件的成因问题提供了一种新的思路。 相似文献
3.
气候背景下冰川在博斯腾湖水量平衡中的作用 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
基于博斯腾湖水量平衡关系,对博斯腾湖水量变化做了分析,认为博斯腾湖近年水位的显著变化与占其入湖水量85%的开都河流量变化有直接关系．冰川作为开都河上游重要的水资源形势,造就了开都河稳定的基流．部分冰川在近20年全球和区域气候变化影响下发生了较大退缩,消退的冰雪直接补给了开都河径流,对开都河连年丰水起了重要作用．随着相对海拔较低的中小冰川的退缩,冰益变薄雪线升高,冰雪储量减少,冰川对气温升高的敏感性开始降低,融水补给量可能随之减少,气候变暖所带来的融水补给效应将减弱,最终影响到博斯腾湖的入流补给． 相似文献
4.
哈尼泥炭δ^18O记录的过去14000年温度演变 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在末次冰消期至全新世期间,格陵兰冰芯（GISP2）δ18O记录和北大西洋浮冰记录显示了一系列百年至千年尺度的突然变冷事件.但是这种反复出现的气温变冷模式在环大西洋以外区域,特别是在东亚区域是否也同时存出,还较少直接从温度代用记录方面进行系统研究.为此,从中国吉林省的哈尼泥炭中,提取了一个约14000年的泥炭纤维素δ18O温度代用记录.对比表明,哈尼泥炭纤维素δ18O温度记录几乎全部重现了由GISP2δ18O和浮冰记录所指示的突然的气温变冷事件,例如Older Dryas,Inter-Aller-d,Younger Dryas,以及9次浮冰事件,证明这种反复出现的气温变冷模式不仅出现在高纬度的北大西洋区域,同时也出现在中纬度的西北太平洋区域.此外,进一步论述了全新世的开始时间,大暖期、“8.2ka”事件、“4.2ka”事件、中世纪温暖期和小冰期等特征气候变化事件.同时根据泥炭沼泽生态环境的特征,还论述了哈尼泥炭纤维素δ18O对地表温度敏感响应及泥炭纤维素14C年龄准确性的原因. 相似文献
5.
新疆西天山低温榴辉岩相变质作用 总被引：18，自引：0，他引：18
研究表明,新疆西天山榴辉岩相变质岩石具有以下５种类型：（１）块状蓝闪石帘石榴辉岩、蓝闪石钠云母榴辉岩类,（２）片（麻）状白云母榴辉岩类,（３）条带状方解石榴辉岩类,（４）枕状蓝闪石榴辉岩类和（５）石榴石绿辉石石英岩类．其变质过程经历了以下４个阶段演化：（１）峰前硬柱石蓝片岩相阶段（Ｔ＝３５０～４００℃,Ｐ＝０．７～０．９ＧＰａ）;（２）峰期榴辉岩阶段（Ｔ＝（５３０± ２０）℃, Ｐ＝ １．６～１９ ＧＰａ）;（３）退变绿帘蓝片岩相阶段（Ｔ＝ ５００～５３０℃, Ｐ＝ ０．９～１．２ ＧＰａ）和（４）退变蓝闪绿片岩相阶段（Ｔ＝４５０～５５０℃, Ｐ＝０．７～０．８ＧＰａ）．在此基础上,确定了其可能的Ｐ－Ｔ轨迹为顺时针型,具等温降压（ＩＴＤ）的特点,抬升回返过程中经历了两期退变蓝片岩相变质过程．新疆西天山低温榴辉岩相变质岩石代表了塔里木板块和伊犁－中天山板块间俯冲发生低温高压变质作用的结果． 相似文献
6.
哈尼泥炭δ~(18)O记录的过去14000年温度演变 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
在末次冰消期至全新世期间,格陵兰冰芯(GISP2)δ18O记录和北大西洋浮冰记录显示了一系列百年至千年尺度的突然变冷事件.但是这种反复出现的气温变冷模式在环大西洋以外区域,特别是在东亚区域是否也同时存出,还较少直接从温度代用记录方面进行系统研究.为此,从中国吉林省的哈尼泥炭中,提取了一个约14000年的泥炭纤维素δ18O温度代用记录.对比表明,哈尼泥炭纤维素δ18O温度记录几乎全部重现了由GISP2δ18O和浮冰记录所指示的突然的气温变冷事件,例如Older Dryas,Inter-Aller-d,Younger Dryas,以及9次浮冰事件,证明这种反复出现的气温变冷模式不仅出现在高纬度的北大西洋区域,同时也出现在中纬度的西北太平洋区域.此外,进一步论述了全新世的开始时间,大暖期、"8.2ka"事件、"4.2ka"事件、中世纪温暖期和小冰期等特征气候变化事件.同时根据泥炭沼泽生态环境的特征,还论述了哈尼泥炭纤维素δ18O对地表温度敏感响应及泥炭纤维素14C年龄准确性的原因. 相似文献
7.
河北宣化盆地南缘断裂的古地震遗迹 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4
通过开挖，在宣化盆地南缘断裂上揭露出３次古地震事件，发生的年代分别距今约８．５４、７．０８和５．３１ｋａ，平均重复间隔１６１５±３６０ａ。事件位移量分别为０．５５～０．７４ｍ、０．５２～０．７ｍ和１．６３～２．２ｍ。但距今５．３１ｋａ以来断裂未发生过断错地表的运动，意味着其古地震重复不是简单的准周期型 相似文献
8.
１９８４年夏，在犹他州沃萨奇高原东部的金特里山的两个煤矿附近，布设了一个三维的高分辨率的微震台网。在６周的观测期间，大约观测到３００次地震，其中绝大多数为冲击型的，频率较高（＞１０Ｈｚ）．持续时间短（＜２－３ｓ），并且可能与长臂式开采引起的顶部塌陷有关。相比之下，最大的已定位的２３４次矿震似乎主要发生在矿下２－３ｋｍ深，这与过去的研究是一致的。这些矿震的震级从低于Ｍ＿ｃ０到１．６．这些地震除震源深度异常外，还显出一种异常现象，即可能是非双力偶的压爆的膨胀震源机制。在其它矿山地震的研究中，已观测到压爆事件，但由于仪器对震源球的覆盖一般不充足，使人们对这种机制的可行度增加了怀疑，以前有人提出，这种压爆事件的震源机制包括通过地层塌陷引起的张力破坏和剪切压爆位移机制。金特里山压爆事件的破坏过程必然包括剪切破坏，这已为观测地震图中确定得很好的剪切波所证实。犹他州州立大学在东山采煤区及其南部同时进行的观测表明，这些事件为典型的剪切破坏事件与压用事件相混合，在东山观测到的与双力偶相反的震源机制，同以前研究所确定的机制相似，也与本文对采矿区以外的一个序列的研究所确定的综合机制一致。这表明，采矿区内的剪切事件正受到构造应力场 相似文献
9.
东海近3.5万年来古海洋环境变化的分子生物标志物记录 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
结合ＡＭＳ~（１４）Ｃ测年及浮游有孔虫δ~（１８）Ｏ和δ~（１３）Ｃ资料，分别利用Ｕ_（３７）~Ｋ，∑Ｃ_（２１）~－／∑Ｃ_（２２）～＋和Ｐｒ／Ｐｎ恢复了近３．５万年来冲绳海槽的古海洋环境变化．结果表明，近３．５万年来，冲绳海槽经历了７次较强的气候变冷事件（Ｃ１～Ｃ７）和９次陆源物质减少事件（ｅ１～ｅ９），其中的Ｇ１相当于全新世中晚期冷事件，Ｃ２～Ｃ４和Ｃ７分别相当于Ｈ１～Ｈ４事件，ｅ１，对应于海水表层温度ＳＳＴ的降低．Ｈ事件发生时，陆源物质供应显示增加的趋势．气候变冷导致河流输运陆源物质的能力减小，冬季风输运陆源物质的能力增强，Ｈ事件与东亚冬季风密切相关末次盛冰期（２５．８～１５．５ｋａＢＰ）还原环境发生剧烈波动，强还原事件（Ｒ１～Ｒ３）对应于ＳＳＴ的降低和陆源营养物质的增加，而弱还原事件（Ｏ）对应于陆源营养物质的减少．还原环境的变化与表层生产力密切相关． 相似文献
10.
本文首先较为系统地回顾了终止相研究的历史、进展,对震源破裂过程产生终止震相的物理机制进行了讨论,并详细讨论了主事件分析法以及合成包含终止相的理论图的方法。在此基础上应用主事件分析法处理了唐山地震的实际资料,给出唐山地震的震源破裂过程的大致时空图象,同时计算了包括终止事件的合成图。结果表明,考虑破裂过程的终止事件可以较好地拟合P波观测图,从而进一步确认唐山地震震源破裂过程包括两次终止事件的可能性。此外本文还对唐山地震的震源环境以及调整单元的让位情况进行了讨论。 相似文献
11.
通过对ＺＫ２孔多环境代用指标的综合分析,重建了４５００年来鄱阳湖湖口地区古环境历史。研究表明：４５００ａＢＰ以来,鄱阳湖湖口地区经历了多次冷暖,干湿交替。 相似文献
12.
Miriam S Andres Stefano M Bernasconi Ursula Röhl 《Earth and Planetary Science Letters》2003,216(4):515-524
In Northern Hemisphere deglaciation records, the transition from the last glacial to the Holocene indicates a rapid return to near-glacial conditions during the Younger Dryas, whereas their Southern Hemisphere ice core counterparts record two separate cooling events: the Antarctic Cold Reversal and the Oceanic Cold Reversal. Spatial distribution and relative timing of these events in both hemispheres are central for our understanding of causes and mechanisms of abrupt climate change. To date, no marine record from the southern mid-latitudes conclusively demonstrates that the Younger Dryas was a significant event in the Southern Ocean. Here, we present high-resolution oxygen isotope and iron content records of a radiocarbon-dated sedimentary sequence from the Great Australian Bight, which constrains oceanic and atmospheric changes during the last deglaciation. Oxygen isotopes from planktonic foraminifera indicate two rapid cold reversals (between 13.1 and 11.1 kyr BP) separated by a brief warming. The sedimentary iron content, interpreted as a proxy for wind strength, indicates a simultaneous change in atmospheric circulation pattern. Both records demonstrate the existence of cooling events in the Southern Hemisphere, which are synchronous with the Northern Hemisphere Younger Dryas cold reversal (between 12.9 and 11.5 kyr BP). Such evidence for the spatial distribution and timing of abrupt climatic fluctuations is essential data for groundtruthing results derived from global climate models. 相似文献
13.
The Y. D. and climate abrupt events in the early and middle Holocene: Stalagmite oxygen isotope record from Maolan,Guizhou, China 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
QIN Jiaming YUAN Daoxian CHENG Hai LIN Yushi ZHANG Meiliang WANG Fuxing R. L. Edwards WANG Hua & RAN Jingcheng . The Karst Dynamic Laboratory IKG CAGS Guilin China . Geology Geophysics Department Minnesota University MN USA . The Management of Maolan National Nature Reserve Libo China 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2005,48(4):530-537
Changes of climate, especially the abrupt changesof precipitation and temperature lead frequently tograve effect in human productive and living activity.Since the 1950s, results of monitoring indicate thatatmosphere CO2 concentration rises by 1.4×10?6g/gevery year. The atmospheric greenhouse effect leadsprobably to global warming since the 1940s, whichbrings furthermore special attention of scientists andrelevant government organizations in various coun-tries. In the near 20 years, the … 相似文献
14.
据孢粉记录所划分的气候演化阶段，研究了青海湖QH—2000孔沉积物粒度组成的变化．结果表明，冷干和暖湿气候条件下沉积物的粗颗粒组分明显增多；介于二者之间的气候条件下，沉积物的粒径变化相对较平缓．QH—2000孔沉积物粒度的波动特征表明：晚冰期冰川的消融开始于14300aBP左右；博令(Boelling)暖期是冰川大量消融的时期，冰融水对青海湖的补给结束于博令暖期的晚期，即12000aBP左右；新仙女木冷事件和8200aBP左右的冷事件具有突变性的特点．全新世大暖期结束后，气候在转型过程中具有相对冷暖和干湿的快速波动特征；2100—0aBP间，沉积物粒度的变化特征同人类活动有关． 相似文献
15.
《Earth and Planetary Science Letters》2006,241(3-4):699-706
A sediment core from the western tropical Atlantic covering the last 21,000 yr has been analysed for centennial scale reconstruction of sea surface temperature (SST) and ice volume-corrected oxygen isotopic composition of sea water (δ18Oivc-sw) using Mg / Ca and δ18O of the shallow dwelling planktonic foraminifer Globigerinoides ruber (white). At a period between 15.5 and 17.5 kyr BP, the Mg / Ca SST and δ18Oivc-sw, a proxy for sea surface salinity (SSS), reveals a warming of around 2.5 °C along with an increase in salinity. A second period of pronounced warming and SSS increase occurred between 11.6 and 13.5 kyr BP. Within age model uncertainties, both warming intervals were synchronous with air temperature increase over Antarctica and ice retreat in the southern South Atlantic and terminated with abrupt centennial scale SSS decrease and slight SST cooling in conjunction with interglacial reactivation of the meridional overturning circulation (MOC). We suggest that during these warm intervals, production of saline and warm water of the North Brazil Current resulted in pronounced heat and salt accumulation, and was associated with warming in the southern Atlantic, southward displacement of the intertropical convergence zone and weakened MOC. At the termination of the Younger Dryas and Heinrich event 1, intensification of cross-equatorial heat and salt transport caused centennial scale cooling and freshening of the western tropical Atlantic surface water. This study shows that the western tropical Atlantic served as a heat and salt reservoir during deglaciation. The sudden release of accumulated heat and salt at the end of Younger Drays and Heinrich event 1 may have contributed to the rapid reinvigoration of the Atlantic MOC. 相似文献
16.
国际地圈─生物圈计划（ＩＧＢＰ）的中心议题之一就是研究过去的全球变化（ＰＡＧＥＳ），而对过去短期气候突变事件特别是对末次冰期─间冰期过渡时期的ＹｏｕｎｇｅｒＤｒｙａｓ事件的研究更受全球变化研究者的关注．然而，到目前为止，对ＹｏｕｎｇｅｒＤｒｙａｓ的成因及是否为全球性事件等问题，依然争论不休。本文即是对近年来国际上对此事件研究的综述。 相似文献
17.
The East Asian Monsoon since the Last Glacial Maximum: Evidence from geological records in northern China 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The impact of global warming on the climate of northern China has been investigated intensively, and the behavior of the East Asian monsoon during previous intervals of climatic warming may provide insight into future changes. In this study, we use paleovegetation records from loess and lake sediments in the marginal zone of the East Asian summer monsoon(EASM) to reconstruct the EASM during the interval of warming from the Last Glacial Maximum(LGM) to the Holocene. The results show that during the LGM, desert steppe or dry steppe dominated much of northern China; in addition, the southeastern margin of the deserts east of the Helan Mountains had a distribution similar to that of the present-day, or was located slightly further south, due to the cold and dry climate caused by a strengthened East Asian winter monsoon(EAWM) and weakened EASM. During the last deglaciation, with the strengthening of the EASM and concomitant weakening of the EAWM, northern China gradually became humid. However, this trend was interrupted by abrupt cooling during the Heinrich 1(H1) and Younger Dryas(YD) events. The EASM intensified substantially during the Holocene, and the monsoon rain belt migrated at least 300 km northwestwards, which led to the substantial shrinking of the desert area in the central and eastern part of northern China, and to the large expansion of plants favored by warm and humid conditions. Paleoclimatic records from the marginal zone of the EASM all show that the EASM reached its peak in the mid-Holocene, and past global climatic warming significantly strengthened the EASM, thereby greatly improving the ecological environment in northern China. Thus, northern China is expected to become wetter as global warming continues. Finally, high resolution Holocene vegetation records are sparse compared with the numerous records on the orbital timescale, and there is a need for more studies of Holocene climatic variability on the centennial-to-decadal scale. 相似文献
18.
Using a high resolution14C chronology, β13C values and organic carbon content, from loess/paleosol and peat profiles in China, we can demonstrate century scale warm-cold
East Asian monsoon paleoclimatic fluctuation events and significant precipitation variability within the last deglaciation.
The major climatic events recognized are the Bolling (1 300-12 500 a B.P.), Older Dryas (12 500-11 750 a B. P.), Allerod (11
750-11 200 aB.P.) and Younger Dryas (11 200-10 000 aB.P.). The stratigraphic structure of the last deglaciation sediments
is characterized by frequent changes in sedimentation phases reflecting climatic instability. These high frequency, rapid
climatic events can correlate with fluctuations recorded by sea surface temperatures in the Norwegian Sea. This indicates
a pale-oclimate teleconnection between polar, high latitude areas and East Asian monsoon areas through westerlies and the
related atmospheric pressure system.
Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the Foundation of Chinese Academy of Sciences and the
National Science Foundation of U.S.A. 相似文献
19.
TU Xia ZHENG Fan Wang Jiliang CAI Huimei WANG Pinxian C.Bühring M.Sarnthein 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2001,44(10):865-870
The high-resolution quantitative analysis of the planktonic foraminifera and the δ18O records of the section between 96.49– 137.6 mcd at ODP Site 1144 on the continental slope of northern South China Sea reveals
an abrupt cooling event of sea surface temperature (SST) during the last interglacial (MIS 5.5, i.e. 5e). The dropping range
of the winter SST may come to 7.5°C corresponding to 1.2‰ of the δ18O value of sea surface water. This event is comparable with those discovered in the west Europe and the northern Atlantic
Ocean, but expressed in a more intensive way. It is inferred that this event may have been induced by middle- to low-latitude
processes rather than by polar ice sheet change. Since the Kuroshio-index speciesPulleniatina obliquiloculata displayed the most distinct change at the event, it may also be related to the paleoceanographic change of the low-latitude
area in the western Pacific Ocean. This event can be considered as one of “Younger Dryas-style coolings” and is indicative
of climate variability of the last interglacial stage. 相似文献