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1.
Impact of anthropogenic activities on the sediment microbial communities of Baiyangdian shallow lake 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《国际泥沙研究》2020,35(2):180-192
Microorganisms are recognized as sensors of external disturbance in freshwater ecosystems.In this study,sediment samples from regions with strong human activity interference(four sites),moderate human activity interference(five sites) and minor human activity interference(five sites) in Baiyangdian Lake were collected;and their physiological and chemical properties and heavy metals contents were analyzed.The structures of bacterial and fungal communities were tested using 16 S ribosomal Ribonucleic Acid(rRNA) and Internal Transcribed Spacer 2(ITS2) high-throughput sequencing technologies.The results indicated that Proteobacteria was the most abundant bacterial phylum.Ascomycota,Basidiomycota and Ciliophora were the dominant phyla of fungi.Obvious differences of microbial genera among the three regions we re obse rved,especially fungal genera.With intensified disturbance by human activities,the Simpson and Shannon indices of bacteria significantly decreased.The fungal communities were clustered into three groups in accordance with the different human disturbance levels.The bacterial communities of sediment samples under moderate and minor human disturbance appeared similar,but different from those under strong human disturbance.Redundancy analysis indicated that zinc,total phosphorus,copper,and lead were the dominant factors that influenced the bacterial community.Nitrifiers and sulfate-reducing bacteria were influenced by pH,nitrate(NO3),and total nitrogen.The fungal community was significantly affected by total phosphorus.This study reveals that sediment microbial community structures among different regions of a shallow lake are mainly impacted by human activities. 相似文献
2.
《Limnologica》2016
We analysed total bacterial number and mean volume of cells at three sites in each of ten floodplain lakes in the Middle Basin of the Biebrza River, North-Eastern Poland to test bacterioplankton communities change according to the distance to the river. The composition of the bacterial communities was determined by fluorescent in situ hybridization method. Total number of bacteria in the lakes ranged from 4.0 to 7.48 cells × 106 mL−1 with dominance by Actinobacteria, the contribution of which was positively correlated with water level. Old river channels (side-arms) featured Alpha- and Gammaproteobacteria. The community of Betaproteobacteria was limited by concentration of dissolved organic carbon. Archaea, in spite of a minor role (<3.65% of DAPI-4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole) in the communities, showed a positive relation to floodplain lake isolation. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that bacterioplankton in riverine lakes was similar to that in rivers, while lakes with limited water exchange showed a similarity to fertile lakes. Water level and nutrients were among the factors determining bacterial community structure. 相似文献
3.
底泥细菌代谢是城市河道底泥代谢物的主要来源,最终决定城市河道的生态状况.本文研究了黑臭河道底泥经添加硝酸钙、生物促生剂和种植沉水植物处理后底泥中细菌群落结构的响应,以期为城市黑臭河道细菌群落的改善和综合治理提供理论依据.实验结果表明:经过不同生态处理后,上覆水中,添加硝酸钙组总氮(TN)含量显著高于对照组,添加生物促生剂组溶解氧浓度显著高于对照组.沉积物中,所有处理组的氧化还原电位值(ORP)均显著高于对照组,种植沉水植物组和添加硝酸钙组TN含量均显著低于对照组,沉积物理化性质得到一定改善.对不同生态处理组底泥细菌群落的研究发现,处理组底泥细菌群落产生了较大变化,且不同处理组细菌群落变化不同,生物促生剂组底泥中细菌的Sobs指数和Chao 1指数显著高于对照组和硝酸钙组,且生物促生剂组Shannon指数和PD指数显著高于硝酸钙组.Proteobacteria(Deltaproteobacteria、Betaproteobacteria、Gammaproteobacteria)、Chloroflexi、Firmicutes、Bacteroidetes和Spirochaetae是各实验组的主要优势菌门;非度量多维尺度分析表明:硝酸钙和生物促生剂的投加可明显改变底泥细菌群落结构组成.在属水平上,uncultured_Anaerolineaceae、Ferribacterium、uncultured_Xanthomonadales_Incertae_Sedis是导致底泥细菌群落发生变化的主要菌属.冗余分析结果表明,底泥ORP的变化是驱动细菌群落结构变化的关键环境因素. 相似文献
4.
Community Structures of Different Groundwater Habitats Investigated Using Methods of Molecular Biology The degradation of pollutants in groundwater and aquifers depends on microbiological and hydrogeochemical processes. To understand the transport and fate of anthropogenic compounds during bank filtration and artificial recharge of groundwater it is necessary to gain more information about the structure of microbial populations in these systems. The population structure of aerobic, anaerobic groundwater habitats and of water samples during artificial groundwater recharge was examined by 16S rDNA based analysis. Water and sediment samples were collected from a groundwater catchment area with artificial groundwater recharge near the river Ruhr in NW-Germany. 16S rRNA genes of mixed bacterial DNA from different samples were amplified by PCR (polymerase chain reaction) with eubacterial primer sequences. To reveal eubacterial population structure amplified PCR-products were separated by DGGE (denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis) on the basis of melting domain structure and nucleotide composition. DGGE patterns of groundwater enrichment cultures and groundwater samples were compared to demonstrate differences between the use of cultivation dependent and molecularbiological approaches. The DGGE pattern of groundwater is very complex and differs significantly from DGGE patterns of groundwater enrichment cultures characterized by a small number of distinct bands. This shows the small quantity of culturable microorganisms in groundwater eco-systems. Aerobic and anaerobic groundwater and sediment samples differ markedly in their DGGE profiles. Different hydrogeochemical zones of this groundwater catchment area are mirrowed by distinct DGGE patterns indicating changes in microbial community structure.Analysis of bacterial population structure in the course of artificial groundwater recharge shows identical DGGE patterns comparing surface water samples to samples taken be-fore gravel prefiltration and before sand filtration. In contrast the DGGE pattern of artificial recharged groundwater differs markedly, indicating significant changes in microbial population during underground passage. 相似文献
5.
Ships carry ballast water for better stability and to control trim. However, the discharge of ballast water near ports is known to transport invasive species from one coastal area to another. The exchange of ballast water on the high seas is supposed to reduce such invasions of exotic species. In this study, we used denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) to analyze the composition of the bacterial community in ballast water before and after such a mid-ocean exchange, and we also measured total bacterial counts. Our findings confirmed that the ballast water was replaced by the mid-ocean exchange, as indicated by the marked change in the composition of the bacterial community. There was also a significant decrease in bacterial abundance after the mid-ocean exchange. Finally, our findings support the incubation hypothesis, because the composition of the bacterial communities changed over time within the same ballast water. 相似文献
6.
太湖浮游细菌种群基因多样性及其季节变化规律 总被引：8，自引：3，他引：5
为认识湖泊中浮游细菌的多样性及其变化规律,本研究采用聚合酶链式反应-变性梯度凝胶电泳(PCR-DGGE)的方法,研究了太湖梅梁湾和湖心区浮游细菌种群16S rRNA基因多样性以及种群基因组成的季节变化特征.研究结果表明,太湖浮游细菌种群具有丰富的基因多样性.浮游细菌的丰度、DGGE条带数、种群的Shannon-Wiener指数、Simpson 指数和Pielou指数均呈现显著的季节变化规律:夏季及秋季浮游细菌的丰度、基因多样性及种群的均匀度较高,而冬季和春季则较低.浮游细菌种群的基因组成随时间变化.梅梁湾浮游细菌的丰度显著高于湖心.梅梁湾与湖心浮游细菌主要建群种的基因型存在显著差异. 相似文献
7.
Sousa OV Macrae A Menezes FG Gomes NC Vieira RH Mendonça-Hagler LC 《Marine pollution bulletin》2006,52(12):1725-1734
The effects of shrimp farm effluents on bacterial communities in mangroves have been infrequently reported. Classic and molecular biology methods were used to survey bacterial communities from four mangroves systems. Water temperature, salinity, pH, total heterotrophic bacteria and maximum probable numbers of Vibrio spp. were investigated. Genetic profiles of bacterial communities were also characterized by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of eubacterial and Vibrio 16S rDNA using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). Highest heterotrophic counts were registered in the mangrove not directly polluted by shrimp farming. The Enterobacteriaceae and Chryseomonas luteola dominated the heterotrophic isolates. Vibrio spp. pathogenic to humans and shrimps were identified. Eubacterial genetic profiles suggest a shared community structure independent of mangrove system. Vibrio genetic profiles were mangrove specific. Neither microbial counts nor genetic profiling revealed a significant decrease in species richness associated with shrimp farm effluent. The complex nature of mangrove ecosystems and their microbial communities is discussed. 相似文献
8.
《Limnologica》2016
In order to assess the diversity and spatial distribution of bacterial and archaeal communities in a CO2-rich and meromictic lake, samples were collected along the water column of Lake Monoun and analyzed using PCR-DGGE and quantitative analyses of the 16S rRNA gene. The retrieved sequences were affiliated to 6 bacterial phyla and two archaeal phyla which plausible environmental functions map with the physico-chemical parameters of the lake. Unclassified sequences were also detected. This suggests heterogeneity in community composition and existence of potential candidate divisions. For instance, amongst the bacterial sequences, 18.2% matched with methanotrophic bacteria of the order methylococcales and amongst the archaeal sequences, 16.6% matched with methanogenic species of the order methanomicrobiales. Hence, evidencing the existence of methane-related prokaryotes in the lake, a finding that would play a key role in our understanding of the methane puzzle of Lake Monoun. Other groups capable of a wide range of metal and nutrients transformations were also detected, as well as those of unknown functions. The layering of microbial communities also appeared to directly or indirectly depend on oxygen availability. DGGE and qPCR analyses both suggested a scarcity of archaea in the surface samples. Furthermore, qPCR revealed that bacteria were numerically more important than archaea in all the samples. The general distribution along the water column indicated that archaeal abundance increases with depth. 相似文献
9.
水体和沉积物是湖泊生态系统中迥异但又紧密相连的两类生境,栖息在这两类生境中的细菌在维持生态系统平衡和驱动元素循环中起着关键性作用。为了探究湖泊水体和沉积物细菌群落的分布格局,本文对太湖四个湖区水体和沉积物中细菌群落进行调查,基于高通量测序技术和统计分析手段,分析这两类生境中的细菌群落组成和多样性水平、分布特征及其驱动因素。结果表明:放线菌门(Actinobacteria)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)和蓝细菌门(Cyanobacteria)是水体细菌群落中最主要的细菌门,而沉积物中Proteobacteria占据优势地位。在两类生境中,太湖西部区域细菌群落丰富度和独特性(LCBD)相对较高,各区域群落结构表现出显著性差异。对水体而言,电导率、pH值、PC1(重金属组成)和沉积物孔隙度是驱动细菌丰富度的重要因子,PC1、水温及pH值是影响细菌群落LCBD的重要因子,而细菌网络复杂性随pH值的增加而增加,且在高pH环境中占主导地位;对沉积物而言,其丰富度和LCBD的重要影响因子均是沉积物中总磷和锂,细菌网络复杂性随金属元素施加的环境压力增大而降低,但随总磷、磷酸盐和铵态氮浓度的... 相似文献
10.
夏季滇池和入滇河流氮、磷污染特征 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
为探讨滇池入湖河流水体营养盐空间分布特征及其对滇池水体富营养化的影响,2014年7月采集了入滇4类典型河流(城市纳污型河流、城乡结合型河流、农田型河流、村镇型河流)及滇池水样,分析其氮、磷浓度.结果表明:4条入湖河流总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)、硝态氮和氨氮污染均较严重;河流水体中TN、TP平均浓度大小为:农田型河流(大河)村镇型河流(柴河)城乡结合型河流(宝象河)城市纳污型河流(盘龙江),其中农田型河流(大河)水体TN、TP污染最为严重;在夏季,4条入湖河流水体中TN、TP浓度从上游向下游增加趋势比较明显,表明氮、磷沿河流不断富集;氮磷比分析表明,夏季河流输入氮、磷营养盐有利于藻类的生长,并且滇池浮游植物生长主要受TN浓度限制;夏季滇池南部入湖河流水体的TN、TP浓度高于北部入湖河流,该特征与滇池水体中TN、TP污染分布状况相反,推测滇池北部富营养化的主要影响因素是内源释放.因此,在今后的滇池水体富营养化研究中,应对滇池内源释放进行深入研究. 相似文献
11.
微生物是湖泊生态系统重要的有机组分。了解不同时期青藏高原湖泊细菌群落特征、环境驱动因子及其群落构建过程的差异,对高原湖泊水生态管理具有重要的指导意义。分别于2020年6和12月采集青藏高原东北部5个湖泊水样,基于高通量测序技术、统计分析和模型分析,解析高原湖泊群在非冰封期和冰封期细菌群落结构、环境驱动因子和中性过程、确定性过程以及随机性过程在细菌群落构建过程的贡献。结果表明：（1）非冰封期湖泊细菌群落的Chao1丰度指数、Simpson和Shannon多样性指数低于冰封期,Spearman相关性分析结果表明非冰封期细菌群落的Chao1丰度指数和多样性指数与水温和海拔显著相关,而冰封期细菌群落的Chao1指数和多样性指数与总氮显著相关;（2）水体细菌群落的优势门均为变形菌门（Proteobacteria）,非冰封期细菌中拟杆菌门（Bacteroidetes）、放线菌门（Actinobacteria）和厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）的平均相对丰度明显高于冰封期。另外,主坐标分析和相似性分析结果表明非冰封期和冰封期的细菌群落组成差异极显著;（3）冗余分析结果表明不同时期湖泊群细菌群落结构的... 相似文献
12.
采用高通量测序技术,研究了内蒙古岱海流域入湖河流、湖水及沉积物细菌多样性及群落组成.结果显示,细菌多样性从高到低依次为：沉积物>河流>湖泊.聚类分析表明入湖河流、湖水和沉积物细菌群落可分为明显不同的3支,说明这3种生境中细菌群落结构有较大差异.物种注释结果表明,河流中优势细菌菌群为髌骨细菌（Patescibacteria）、变形菌门（Proteobacteria）、拟杆菌门（Bacteroidetes）和放线菌门（Actinobacteria）;湖水中优势细菌菌群为放线菌门（Actinobacteria）;而沉积物中优势细菌菌群为变形菌门和绿弯菌门（Chloroflexi）.典范对应分析及Monte Carlo检验表明,电导率和悬浮物含量对水体中（河流与湖泊）细菌群落影响显著,二者共解释了细菌群落变化的86.5%;而冗余分析及Monte Carlo检验表明,泥深、磁化率和总有机碳对沉积物中细菌群落影响显著,三者共解释了细菌群落变化的47.9%.近30年来,岱海地区气候变化和人类活动导致湖水咸化,沉积物碳氮指标显著增长.岱海水体及沉积物细菌多样性及群落组成的差异及其主要驱动因子,反映了细菌对这种气候变化和人类活动共同作用的响应. 相似文献
13.
T. Brad C. Obergfell B. M. van Breukelen N. M. van Straalen W. F. M. Röling 《Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation》2013,33(4):69-78
We examined the spatiotemporal changes of microbial communities in relation to hydrochemistry variation over time and space in an aquifer polluted by landfill leachate (Banisveld, The Netherlands). Sampling in 1998, 1999, and 2004 at the same time of the year revealed that the center of the pollution plume was hydrochemically rather stable, but its upper fringe moved to the surface over time, especially at distances greater than 40 m away from the landfill. Complex and spatiotemporal heterogeneous bacterial and eukaryotic communities were resolved using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) of 16S and 18S rRNA gene fragments. Large fluctuations were noted in the eukaryotic communities associated with strongly polluted and cleaner groundwater. The bacterial communities in strongly polluted samples were different from those in cleaner groundwater in 1998 and 1999, but no longer in 2004. The temporal variation in microbial communities was greater than the spatial variation: the 1998 bacteria communities in strongly polluted groundwater were more related to each other than to those recovered in 1999 and 2004. During the three sampling periods, the bacterial communities were more stable close to the landfill than at larger distances from the landfill. Overall, pollution appears to have only a minor influence on microbial communities. The considerable spatiotemporal variation in microbial community composition may contribute to better biodegradation of pollutants. Designing management strategies for natural attenuation of aquifer pollution will benefit from further long‐term, high‐density monitoring of changes in microbial communities, their diversity and physiological properties, in relation to changes in hydrochemistry. 相似文献
14.
《Limnologica》2021
The conservation and restoration of freshwater ecosystems require the understanding of potential biota of the target area. My ultimate study goal was to clarify the potential fauna of the watershed unit of the Japanese archipelago, a hotspot of biodiversity. Here, I attempted to classify the macroinvertebrate community of the major rivers within the Japanese archipelago, thereby elucidating its biogeography, and to investigate the extent to which environmental factors drive the watershed’s macroinvertebrate community. I classified the rivers located in the northern region of the Japanese archipelago geographically, but did not group the geographically adjacent rivers in the western region together. Differences in watershed size, geological history (including river conflict), and paleo-drainage systems seem to affect the classification results. Moreover, Indicator Species Analysis results suggest that river groups in the northern part of the Japanese archipelago had highly endemic species, whereas, the river groups in the western part of the Japanese archipelago had few highly endemic species. The result of the canonical correspondence analysis indicated that topographic factors, the flow regime, geology, water quality, and anthropogenic factors were significantly correlated with macroinvertebrate classification and distribution. The results of the decision tree model indicated that water temperature and maximum specific discharge were explanatory factors in the classification of the macroinvertebrate community. Further, my results also suggest that environmental factors at a smaller scale than that of the watershed were needed to explain further subdivisions in classification of the macroinvertebrate community. 相似文献
15.
《Limnologica》2020
Heterotrophic flagellates (HF) play an essential function in the microbial food loops as it is an agent of biochemical cycling of limiting nutrients and being a useful bio-indicator of environmental changes. However, in spite of its profound role in aquatic ecosystem studies regarding the evaluation of the spatial and seasonal patterns of the flagellate communities are lacking in Bangladeshi water, and therefore, study on community pattern of HF in a tropical river like Padma River could be a best example for other tropical rivers of the world. The present investigation was performed with the primary objectives to evaluate flagellate community structure, their spatial and seasonal distribution patterns, and the role of hydro-biological and physicochemical variables in determining their variability. The study was conducted at selected four study sites in Padma river, Bangladesh for a period of two distinct season (dry and wet season) in 2018. Standard procedures were followed in collecting, analyzing and interpreting of sampled data. The study revealed a total of 18 genera with different degrees of specificity to hydro-biological and physicochemical variables. It further establishes significant seasonal patterns, rather than spatial differences in the distribution of the flagellate communities. We found that the higher precipitation intensity during monsoon was the critical determinant in hydrological, biological, and physicochemical fluctuations which caused a significant decline in the value of the above variables. Likewise, total phytoplankton, zooplankton, and total heterotrophic bacterial abundance was also declined five-folds during the wet season. Similarly, total abundance of HF showed a significant decline in the community during the wet season. Genus wise relative abundance (RA%) of Euglena (23.81 %) was the highest during the dry season. In conclusion, this research and data analysis techniques propose unique insights on the flagellate links to environmental and hydro-biological regime in a tropical river with global implications. 相似文献
16.
Assessing the Suitability of a Molecularbiological Method To Characterise the Microbial Populations in Groundwater A molecularbiological technique was used to characterise the bacterial community structure of groundwater habitats. This method consists of the isolation of bacterial DNA from the samples, amplification of 16S rDNA by PCR (polymerase chain reaction), and separation of the amplified DNA by DGGE (denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis). By using more specific primer combinations in the PCR instead of universal eubacterial primers, also groups of microorganisms (Proteobacteria, sulfate reducer, Archaea) were determined. The resulting DGGE patterns that reflect the microbial diversity are compared and differences or similarities evaluated. In the present studies, groundwater from different sites (bank filtrate, artificially recharged groundwater, and natural groundwater) and with changing redox milieus (aerobic, anaerobic) were investigated as well as the solid aquifer material. Besides, samples were taken from the different stages of artificial groundwater recharge, i.e., from surface water to the drain tile. Samples from groundwater derived from sites with different hydrogeochemical or hydrological conditions like bank filtrate and recharged groundwater revealed great differences in DGGE patterns indicating a characteristic species composition in these habitats, while samples taken at different times from the same groundwater showed only small seasonal variations. Clearly different patterns were also found for groundwater and the adjacent solid material as well as for anaerobic and aerobic groundwaters. Looking at artificial groundwater recharge, almost identical patterns were found in raw water and samples from gravel and sand filtration. DGGE patterns from the resulting groundwater indicated a total change in community structure during underground passage. By using group specific primers, Desulfovibrionaceae, Desulfobacteriaceae, and Archaea could be detected in anaerobic groundwaters.The molecularbiological approach described here gives an increasingly comprehensive and more precise picture of the microbial population of different environments. It is especially suitable to compare the community structure from different habitats or to analyse changes for example due to environmental stress at the same site. 相似文献
17.
The role of vegetation in the retention of fine sediment and associated metal contaminants in London's rivers 
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下载免费PDF全文 Helen M. Gibbs Angela M. Gurnell Catherine M. Heppell Kate L. Spencer 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2014,39(8):1115-1127
Many urban rivers receive significant inputs of metal‐contaminated sediments from their catchments. Restoration of urban rivers often creates increased slack water areas and in‐channel vegetation growth where these metal‐contaminated sediments may accumulate. Quantifying the accumulation and retention of these sediments by in‐channel vegetation in urban rivers is of importance in terms of the planning and management of urban river restoration schemes and compliance with the Water Framework Directive. This paper investigates sediment properties at four sites across three rivers within Greater London to assess the degree to which contaminated sediments are being retained. Within paired restored and unrestored reaches at each site, four different bed sediment patch types (exposed unvegetated gravel, sand, and silt/clay (termed ‘fine’) sediments, and in‐channel vegetated sediments) were sampled and analysed for a range of metals and sediment characteristics. Many samples were found to exceed Environment Agency guidelines for copper (Cu), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) and Dutch Intervention Values for Cu and Zn. At all sites, sediments accumulating around in‐channel vegetation were similar in calibre and composition to exposed unvegetated fine sediments. Both bed sediment types contained high concentrations of pseudo‐total and acetic acid extractable metal concentrations, potentially due to elevated organic matter and silt/clay content, as these are important sorbtion phases for metals. This implies that the changed sediment supply and hydraulic conditions associated with river restoration may lead to enhanced retention of contaminated fine sediments, particularly around emergent plants, frequently leading to the development of submerged and emergent landforms and potential river channel adjustments. High pseudo‐total metal concentrations were also found in gravel bed sediments, probably associated with iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) oxyhydroxides and discrete anthropogenic metal‐rich particles. These results highlight the importance of understanding the potential effects of urban river restoration upon sediment availability and channel hydraulics and consequent impacts upon sediment contaminant dynamics and storage. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
18.
《国际泥沙研究》2020,35(3):227-236
The spatial distribution of bacterial communities inhabiting sediment is heterogeneous at different spatial scales,but mostly unexplored.Here,it is postulated that the heterogeneity of the bacterial community composition varies at the same scale of the heterogeneity of sediment chemical properties.The large spatial scale(km) diversity in sediment from a brackish water lagoon(Chilika Lake,India) is studied,considering the large scale physical and chemical characteristics of land cover,climate,pH,and salinity.Seventy-two samples(24 stations,3 seasons:winter,rainy,and summer) of sediment from Chilika Lake were analyzed by 16 S ribosomal ribonucleic acid(rRNA) gene sequencing,and the relations with land cover and other physico-chemical paramete rs are discussed.Mo re samples were collected after a severe cyclonic storm(Phailin) passed near the lagoon in 2013,to see the impact of the tropical storm on the spatial and tempo ral distribution of bacteria in the sediment.The results demonstrate clear spatial relations between physico-chemical parameters(e.g.,salinity),land surfaces(e.g.,drainage area),and the distribution of sediment microbial communities. 相似文献
19.
丹江口水库是南水北调中线工程水源地,库湾是水库型湖泊水质安全敏感区,动态调水过程库湾水质直接关系到调水安全.为探究动态调水过程中丹江口水库库湾浮游植物季节变化规律和驱动因子,2018年7月—2019年7月,从丹库入库口到渠首调水口,按季节对18个样点进行水质和浮游植物群落组成分析.从整个丹库来看,浮游植物全年总丰度变化范围为0.43×10~3～4.7× 10~6 cells/L,夏季最高,秋季最低;Shannon-Wiener指数春季最高,秋季最低.春季群落为硅藻—绿藻型,夏季为绿藻—硅藻型,秋季为蓝藻型,冬季为蓝藻—绿藻—硅藻型,秋季蓝藻相对丰度最高.位于丹库准保护区内的库湾胡寨,秋季水体电导率、总氮、总磷和叶绿素a浓度最大,蓝藻丰度最高.从入库口经库湾到调水口,浮游植物群落组成存在明显演替.从水文因子来看,秋季水库水位较高,调水流速和流量增加,线性回归分析表明,水位对ShannonWiener指数的影响最为明显,水位越高则多样性指数越低;流量和流速与Shannon-Wiener指数也呈负相关,但相关性较低.方差分解分析发现,水文因子和理化因子共同影响了浮游植物群落组成;偏Mantel分析显示3个库湾浮游植物群落组成与水温、氧化还原电位、化学需氧量、总氮和总磷浓度相关;典范对应分析也表明,总氮是影响库湾浮游植物群落组成最显著的环境因子.人类干扰活动改变了库湾水质理化性质,强干扰提高了蓝藻门丰度.因此,控制库湾人类干扰强度,尤其在水位和调水量较高的秋季,对于改善水体藻类组成、保护整个丹江口水库水质具有重要意义. 相似文献
20.
以宁波城区内河为研究对象,调研沉水植物在154条河中的分布情况,实测63个代表样点的水环境指标,分析秋、冬季沉水植物群落变化及生理变化.研究发现：宁波城区内仅有8条河流单一地生长有沉水植物轮叶黑藻（Hydrilla verticillata）、苦草（Vallisneria natans）和金鱼藻（Ceratophyllum demersum）中的1种;3种沉水植物分布与溶解氧、氧化还原电位和pH均呈显著正相关,与水深、氨氮（NH3-N）和总磷（TP）浓度均呈显著负相关;有沉水植物分布的河道水深较浅（约0.9 m）、水质更优（普遍优于V类）;与秋季相比,冬季3种植物的群落盖度均下降,轮叶黑藻和苦草体内丙二醛、过氧化氢含量升高,暗示植物细胞受损;而3种沉水植物均具有一定耐低温胁迫能力,主要表现为体内抗氧化酶活性、可溶性蛋白和可溶性糖含量升高.结果表明,水深、NH3-N、TP、溶解氧以及低温可能会影响城区内河沉水植物的生长与分布. 相似文献