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1.
针对目前水平层状含水层的地面核磁共振响应特征已研究的比较透彻,而含水溶洞的响应特征却鲜有涉及的现状,本文给出含水溶洞地面核磁共振响应的计算方法.在文中,作者使用华军对双重Bessel函数无限积分的计算方法,实现了大回线源激发磁场的快速计算.再通过对地面核磁共振正演公式的离散化,实现了三维结构含水体的地面核磁共振正演计算...  相似文献   

2.
地面核磁共振信号相位求取电阻率   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
椭圆极化现象是电磁场在导电介质中传播时产生的,为得到准确的相位信息,在计算激发磁场时应考虑椭圆极化。本文研究了地面核磁共振(SNMR)信号相位求取电阻率的基本方法,利用SNMR信号通过广义逆反演法得到电阻率未知情况下的含水率及层位分布,作为相位反演电阻率的先验值,通过模拟退火法实现对电阻率的反演。对SNMR的研究解决了通过相位对电阻率的求取,有利于进一步利用相位信息提高含水层和含水率反演的精度。  相似文献   

3.
采用模拟离散的有限体积法实现了双轴各向异性地层回线源瞬变电磁三维正演.首先引入内积定义,采用自然边界条件,将瞬变电磁法的控制方程转化为弱形式表示.将计算区域划分为一系列的控制体积单元,采用交错网格对控制方程进行模拟有限体积空间离散,包括旋度算子离散和空间内积离散.基于斯托克斯定理的旋度积分定义公式实现旋度算子离散.中点平均实现电导率双轴各向异性的空间内积离散,从而得到离散化的控制方程.时间步迭代采用无条件稳定的欧拉后向差分格式.并通过均匀全空间中稳定电流回线源的磁场解析表达式得到回线源初始时刻的电磁场分布.为了同时保证计算精度和效率,本文采用分段等间隔的时间步迭代,利用直接法求解器PARDISO实现其快速求解.最后通过对比层状模型和各向异性半空间模型的正演计算结果,验证了本文算法的计算精度和计算效率;计算三维双轴各向异性模型的正演响应可知,水平方向电导率变化对电磁响应产生显著影响,而垂直方向的电导率变化对电磁响应几乎没有影响.产生这一现象的主要原因是回线源产生的感应电流主要是水平方向的,因此响应主要受到水平方向电导率的影响,垂直方向的电导率影响很小.  相似文献   

4.
核磁共振找水是目前唯一能够直接探测地下水的地球物理方法,本文在weichman等人改进的核磁共振理论的基础上,应用经典的Chave算法对含有贝塞尔函数的积分核进行积分,求得了地下磁场和垂直激发场的空间分布。通过计算地下垂直激发场的椭圆极化率,验证了垂直激发场的椭圆极化效应,发现当地下电导率较大时椭圆极化效应将导致垂直激发场严重畸变;地下垂直激发场的正旋和逆旋分量显示了椭圆极化效应对核磁共振找水激发和接收上的不同影响,发射线圈和接收线圈间的延迟相位揭示了相位延迟效应的存在性及其相关性质。将以上理论应用到共圈模式下的核磁共振找水响应函数中,得到了地下氢核的扳倒角、地面核磁共振找水核函数和单一含水层模型的响应曲线,发现椭圆极化效应和相位延迟效应将导致核磁共振找水响应发生明显改变,因此对核磁共振找水理论和实际研究考虑椭圆极化效应是十分必要的。  相似文献   

5.
矩形大定源层状模型瞬变电磁响应计算   总被引:4,自引:2,他引:2       下载免费PDF全文
针对矩形大定源介绍了一种层状导电模型瞬变电磁响应的快速计算方法.其基本思想是,将大定源回线源用较少的有限大小方形回线叠加.在频率域,该叠加过程导出矩形大定源回线模型响应可以表示为一个标准的Hankel积分,叠加效应仅仅是相应Bessel函数的空间积分过程.瞬变电磁响应可以利用余弦变换由频率域响应获得.均匀半空间模型计算结果和解析解较为吻合,层状模型模拟结果符合物理规律,不同测点位置感应电动势的视电阻率具有很好的一致性.新方法误差只是来源于圆回线对小方形回线的等效误差.与均匀半空间解析结果比较,只用16个方形回线等效,相对误差就可以小于10-3.  相似文献   

6.
起伏地形下线源频率域电磁场二维正演模拟   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
为了研究地形对线源频率域电磁测深测量结果的影响,本文介绍了起伏地形下的线源频率域电磁场的二维正演模拟方法.在正演模拟过程中采用有限单元法,首先为了模拟起伏地形,用三角形单元对研究区域进行网格剖分;然后再对每个单元进行线性插值、积分、总体合成;最后通过求解线性方程组得出地表的电磁响应.文章最后给出了山谷与山脊模型的数值模...  相似文献   

7.
本文提出一种空间波数混合域磁异常场三维数值模拟方法.该方法利用磁位三维空间域积分为卷积的特点,沿水平方向进行二维傅里叶变换,把空间域磁位满足的三维积分问题转化为不同波数之间相互独立的垂向一维积分问题.保留垂向为空间域,优势之一在于便于浅层单元剖分可适当加密,随着深度增加,单元剖分适当稀疏,可以准确模拟任意复杂地形和磁性体的磁异常,兼顾了计算精度与计算效率;优势之二在于一维积分垂向可离散为多个单元积分之和,每个单元采用二次形函数表征磁化强度,可得出单元积分的解析表达式,计算精度高、效率高.该方法充分利用一维形函数积分的高效和高精度、快速傅里叶变换的高效性及算法高度并行性,实现了磁异常场高效、高精度的数值模拟.设计棱柱体模型,将模型解析解与空间波数混合域法的数值解对比,结果表明该方法计算精度高、效率高.设计了组合棱柱体复杂模型,对比分析了标准FFT扩边法与Gauss-FFT法的计算精度与计算效率,总结了标准FFT的扩边系数选取策略.针对任意复杂地形条件下的磁异常模拟问题,本文提出一种适用于起伏地形条件下的磁异常场快速计算方法,并对其有效性进行了验证.  相似文献   

8.
地-井瞬变电磁响应特征数值模拟分析   总被引:9,自引:3,他引:6       下载免费PDF全文
井中瞬变电磁法(Bore-hole transient electromagnetic method-BHTEM)是指接收线圈在钻井中观测瞬变场响应用以勘查深部矿产资源的勘探方法,其中以地-井(地面激发井中接收)组合方式研究最多、应用最广.本文应用时域有限差分法(FDTD),建立包含薄板导体的均匀半空间二维数学模型,采用线源为激发源,选用Mur吸收边界条件,对矩形回线源在半空间中产生的瞬变电磁场进行数值模拟,计算了低阻板状导体在均质半空间和有低阻覆盖层影响情况下的地-井瞬变电磁异常响应,并对响应的特征及规律进行研究分析,为研究地-井TEM提供参考.  相似文献   

9.
本文研究并建立了一种模拟各向异性地层中三维电性异常体电磁响应的积分方程算法.首先讨论了并矢Green函数及其相关积分的计算,将水平层状各向异性地层中的电场并矢Green函数分解成含有奇异项的直达波与非奇异的来自各个层界面的反射和透射波两个部分,再应用等效体积单元和表面积分技术对积分方程的奇异核进行离散化处理以便提高离散方程的精度.然后为了节省计算机内存以及计算时间,引入基于Krylov子空间的迭代算法求解积分方程的离散化矩阵方程.最后通过与现有文献中的结果作对比从而检验了所述算法的有效性,并结合具体算例考察分析了地层的各向异性对三维电性异常体电磁响应的影响特征和规律.  相似文献   

10.
三维地形频率域人工源电磁场的边界元模拟方法   总被引:15,自引:0,他引:15       下载免费PDF全文
提出了一种用边界元法计算频率域人工源三维地形电磁场的数值模拟方法.首先用矢量积分理论和电磁场边界条件,将上半空间(空气)和下半空间(地下介质)两个区域电磁场边值问题变为仅对地形界面的两个矢量面积分方程.然后将对地形界面的积分剖分为一系列的三角单元积分.在三角单元积分中,假设单元中电磁场为无限大气空间电磁场与地形影响的叠加,并假设地形影响为常项,这样既保证了计算精度又使得计算方法简便.通过分解和计算,每一个矢量面积分方程分解为对应三个坐标方向的三个常量线性方程,这些线性方程组成了对角占优的线性方程组,可用SSOR方法求解.文中给出了垂直磁偶源的垂直磁场地形影响的例子.  相似文献   

11.
Currently, surface nuclear magnetic resonance (SNMR) method is the only geophysical method that detects groundwater directly. In this paper, we investigate the effect of elliptical polarization in the perpendicular excitation magnetic field. The effect of elliptical polarization is clearly visible in our ellipticity calculation and it can cause strong distortion to the excitation field in the presence of high subsurface conductivities. By examining the co-rotating and counter-rotating components of the field, we show that elliptical polarization affects transmitting and receiving processes differently and that a clear phase lag exists between transmitter loop and receiver loop. Finally, we derive the response function of coincident loops and calculate proton tip angles, the kernel function and SNMR response curves of a 1D aquifer model. Based on the simulations, we conclude that the elliptical polarization and phase lag can significantly affect SNMR response and it is essential to include elliptical polarization in SNMR modeling and data interpretation.  相似文献   

12.
Using the concept of reciprocity and the known solution for the electric field of a vertical oscillating magnetic dipole source placed over a two-layered halfspace, an integral expression for the vertical magnetic field produced by a horizontal rectangular loop, carrying an oscillating current and placed on the surface of the same halfspace, is deduced. This expression is such that it can be evaluated by a combination of straightforward numerical integration and digital linear filter techniques. Displacement currents everywhere in space are neglected. Fields both inside and outside the loop are presented as sounding curves. A little over a decade of frequencies (100–3000 Hz) appears to be the minimum requirement and two decades (100–10000 Hz) are sufficient for most situations. Parametric and geometric sounding curves both show good resolution of subsurface layering. Phase shows better resolution than amplitude. Similarly, resolution is higher when conductivity increases with depth than when it decreases. Besides being useful for the electromagnetic depth sounding for layered earth structures, such computations can be applied to determine normal corrections to Turam observations, whenever a rectangular loop of finite size is used as a transmitter.  相似文献   

13.
We present a simple modelling method to estimate the volume of available groundwater in the freshwater lens of atoll islands under steady-state conditions. Model inputs include annual rainfall depth, island width for cross-sections along the length of the island, aquifer hydraulic conductivity, and depth to the contact between the upper sand aquifer and the lower limestone aquifer. The methodology is tested for nine islands of varying size in the Maldives and Micronesia. Sensitivity analysis indicates that lens volume on large islands typically is governed by the depth to the discontinuity, whereas lens volume for smaller islands is governed by rainfall rate and hydraulic conductivity. Volume curves, which relate lens volume to lens thickness, are developed for each of the nine islands and for three generic island shapes to allow rapid estimation of lens volume given field-estimated lens thickness. The methods presented in this study can be used for any small atoll island.  相似文献   

14.
车用太  鱼金子 《中国地震》1993,9(2):170-177
本文系统收集了首都圈地区38个形变类观测台、29个地下水类观测井与15个电磁类观测台的地质—水文地质条件,并根据1976—1989年间5个中强地震前的58个台项的异常,逐项统计分析了台址地质—水文地质条件对其映震能力的影响。得到的认识是,影响地形变类台站映震能力的主要地质条件是构造单元、邻近断裂的走向、距离、活动时代与台基地层岩性;影响地下水类观测井映震能力的主要条件是构造单元、邻近断裂的走向、距离、部位、井深、含水层的地层岩性与地下水类型;影响地电磁类台站映震能力的主要条件是构造单元、新生界盖层的结构与厚度、表土岩性、基底岩性与壳内高导层顶面埋深等。  相似文献   

15.
Surface nuclear magnetic resonance (SNMR) is a relatively new geophysical method for non‐invasive groundwater exploration and aquifer characterization. Conventional SNMR surveys based on one‐dimensional (1‐D) inversion of amplitude data recorded only using coincident loops provide limited or distorted groundwater distribution information, especially in regions with strong lateral heterogeneity and complicated hydrological environments. The simplistic approach limits the applicability and efficiency of SNMR, which was therefore made more effective in this study using a sophisticated signal response formulation. The elliptical polarization parameters of the excitation magnetic fields and 2‐D sensitivity kernels (including real and imaginary parts) of three commonly used loop configurations were first calculated. After all the individual complex signals of five simulated measurement series along a profile were incorporated. The 2‐D magnetic resonance tomography (MRT) complex inversion scheme was then used to perform high resolution tomography of synthetic models under the three loop configurations, taking full advantage of the different sensitivity distributions offered by the different loop configurations and the high sensitivity of the imaginary parts of signals to deep structures. Contrast analyses of the tomographic results showed that the complex inversions significantly decreased model ambiguities and increased depth resolution even with artificial noise added. Coincident loop measurements usually gave the best vertical resolution, and separated loops provided better lateral resolution. However, various factors would influence phase data, meaning that the complex inversion of field data is neither very reliable nor very common at present.  相似文献   

16.
地面核磁共振技术勘查西北干旱浅层地下水效果浅析   总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3  
地面核磁共振技术勘查地下水是一种新的应用领域,该技术是目前国际上唯一的能直接进行地下水勘查的技术.我所自一九九九年引进法国Numis仪器以来,先后在陕西黄土区、宁南黄土区等地开展寻找不同类型浅层地下水的试验工作,取得了一定的野外成果.本文是在分析总结这些成果的基础上,针对存在的问题如强干扰背景下勘查结果的可靠性,同一测点"8”字型与"正方形”发射线框二者勘查结果比较等方面进行探讨分析.  相似文献   

17.
Depth-discrete aquifer in formal ion was obtained using recently developed adaptations and improvements to conventional characterization techniques. These improvements included running neutron porosity and hulk density geophysical logging tools through a cased hole, performing an enhanced point-dilution tracer test for monitoring tracer concentration as a function of Lime and depth, and using pressure derivatives for diagnostic and quantitative analysis of constant rate discharge lest data. Data results from the use of these techniques were used to develop a conceptual model of a heterogeneous aquifer. Depth-discrete aquifer information was required to effectively design field-scale deployment and monitoring of an in situ bioremediation technology.
Geophysical logging and point-dilution tracer test results provided the relative distribution of porosity and horizontal hydraulic conductivity, respectively, with depth and correlated well. Hydraulic pumping tests were conducted to estimate mean values for transmissivity and effective hydraulic conductivity, Tracer lest and geophysical logging results indicated that ground water flow was predominant in the upper approximate 10 feet of the aquifer investigated. These results were used to delineate a more representative interval thickness for estimating effective hydraulic conductivity. Hydraulic conductivity, calculated using this representative interval, was estimated lo be 73 ft/d, approximately three limes higher than that calculated using the full length of the screened test interval.  相似文献   

18.
海底表面磁源瞬变响应建模及海水影响分析   总被引:7,自引:4,他引:7       下载免费PDF全文
刘长胜  林君 《地球物理学报》2006,49(6):1891-1898
根据电磁场理论,推导了磁偶源和接收点均位于海水中时层状海底模型的频域电磁场响应一般表达式,并通过此式,得到了海水为均匀半空间和有限海水深度两种情况下,垂直磁偶极装置、中心回线和重叠回线分别置于均匀半空间海底表面时的瞬变电磁响应(磁场和感应电压)表达式. 这些表达式将瞬变响应和海底的电导率等参数有机联系在一起,为海底瞬变电磁法的正演计算和反演解释提供了理论基础. 仿真计算表明,海水的存在不仅使得瞬变响应曲线形态发生变化,而且影响其对海底电导率的分辨能力.  相似文献   

19.
The transient fields from a finite horizontal loop excited by a half sine wave current pulse have been computed numerically for a particular source receiver configuration at a height of 100 meters above a layered ground. The amplitude of the vertical component of the magnetic field has been chosen for the interpretation. Curves of apparent conductivity vs. time, plotted during the off-time of the signal, show that layering is easily resolved, that resonance effects are present and that polarization effects are detectable for certain types of polarization.  相似文献   

20.
Recent research has indicated that Sierra Nevada meadows are hydrologically more complex than previously considered. Improved understanding of the effects of aquifer parameters and climate change on water resources in and downstream of meadows is critically needed to effectively manage mountain meadows for ecosystem services and watershed contributions. This research investigates the roles of bedrock geometry, saturated hydraulic conductivity, and meadow gradient in affecting groundwater storage dynamics and surface‐water outflows in site‐scale high‐elevation meadows. Under current and projected lower snowpack conditions, we modeled groundwater flow in representative high‐elevation meadows considering 2 conceptual aquifer thickness models: uniform and variable thickness. Spatially, variable aquifer thicknesses interpreted from bedrock depths (0–28 m) were identified from a high‐resolution ground‐penetrating radar survey conducted at Tuolumne Meadows, CA. Our interpreted bedrock surface indicated several buried U‐shaped valleys including a buried ridge that separates 2 U‐shaped valleys. Groundwater flow simulations show that an increase in meadow gradient and hydraulic conductivity led to a decrease in seasonal storage and an increase in surface‐water outflow. However, models with varying bedrock geometries change the magnitude and timing of these processes. Uniform thickness models overestimated storage at the model edges and resulted in higher projected volumes of water being released to streams earlier than previously observed.  相似文献   

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