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Wang Guangqian 《国际泥沙研究》1994,(3)
ＡＮＡＬＹＳＩＳＯＮＴＨＥＤＥＢＲＩＳＦＬＯＷＳＵＲＧＥＳ￥ＷａｎｇＧｕａｎｇｑｉａｎ（Ｐｒｏｆｅｓｓｏｒ，Ｄｅｐｔ．ｏｆＨｙｄｒａｕｌｉｃＥｎｇｉｎｅｅｒｉｎｇ，ＴｓｉｎｇｈｕａＵｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙ）Ａｂｓｔｒａｃｔ：Ｂａｓｅｄｏｎｔｈｅｆｕｎｄａ... 相似文献
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ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＫａｚｋｅａｅｒｔｅｆａｕｌｔｚｏｎｅａｂｏｕｔ 1 0 0ｋｉｌｏｍｅｔｅｒｓｌｏｎｇ (Ｆｉｇ .1 ) ,ｉｓｔｈｅｅａｓｔｅｒｎｌｉｍｂｏｆｔｈｅｌａｔｅｓｔｄｅｆｏｒ ｍａｔｉｏｎｂｅｌｔｏｆｔｈｅｎｏｒｔｈｅｒｎｍａｒｇｉｎｏｆＰａｍｉｒｓ (ＣｈｅｎＪｉｅ ,ｅｔａｌ,1 997) .Ｍａｎｙｍｏｄｅｒａｔｅｌｙｓｔｒｏｎｇｅａｒｔｈ ｑｕａｋｅｓｏｃｃｕｒｒｅｄａｌｏｎｇｔｈｉｓｚｏｎｅ (ＦｅｎｇＸｉａｎｙｕｅ ,ｅｔａｌ,1 987) .ＴｈｅｌａｔｅＱｕａｔｅｒｎａｒｙｄｅｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎ… 相似文献
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利用混合语言编程研制测量数据处理程序 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
ＦＯＲＴＲＡＮ适合于编制数值计算程序,但不易于编制菜单等用户界面。Ｖｉｓｕａｌ Ｂａｓｉｃ的特点恰恰是易于编制用户界面。因此Ｖｉｓｕａｌ Ｂａｓｉｃ和ＦＲＴＲＡ的混合是许多程序员所关注的问题。本文详细介绍了如何用Ｖｉｓｕａｌ Ｂａｓｉｃ和ＦＯＲＴＲＡＮ混合研制测量数据处理程序,并以算例的形式给出ＷＧＳ８４坐标系下地心坐标转换到大地坐标（ＸＹＺ→ＢＬＨ）直接算法源程序。 相似文献
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和硕5.0级地震临震预报 总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0
１ 台站基本情况乌鲁木齐钻孔应变台位于乌鲁木齐市东郊（φＮ４３°４９′２６″,λＥ８７°４１′）,１９９０年建台,１９９２年投入正式观测。台基岩石为钙质砂岩,孔深１０７．４ｍ,观测仪器为ＲＺＢ－１型多路压容应变仪。４个受力元件的方向分别为ＮＳ、Ｎ４５°Ｅ、Ｎ４５°Ｗ及ＥＷ。全自动记录,采样间隔为１分钟,可以记录到固体潮。构造部位在博格达反射弧西翼,断裂呈北东向展布,是比较理想的应变应力观测场所。２ 预报实况及效果图１ 台站位置、预报区域图Ｆｉｇ．１ Ｍａｐｓｈｏｗｉｎｇｔｈｅｓｔａｔｉｏｎｌｏｃ… 相似文献
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在宁、蒙、甘交界区的景泰小红山 (甘肃 )、罐罐岭 (内蒙古 )和沙井 (宁夏 )等地发现了年轻的地震地表破裂遗迹 ,它们与中卫小红山 -孤山子地震地表破裂一起 ,构成了一个完整的地震地表破裂带。我们将此破裂带定名为罐罐岭地震地表破裂带 ,相应的地震为罐罐岭地震 (图 1 )。图 1 罐罐岭地震地表破裂带构造位置图Ｆｉｇ .1 ＳｔｒｕｃｔｕｒａｌｌｏｃａｔｉｏｎｍａｐｏｆｔｈｅｓｕｒｆａｃｅｒｕｐｔｕｒｅｓｐｒｏｄｕｃｅｄｂｙｔｈｅＧｕａｎｇｕａｎｌｉｎｇｅａｒｔｈｑｕａｋｅ.罐罐岭地震地表破裂带位于青藏块体东北缘古浪 -中卫活动构造带的中段。破裂带西起甘肃省景泰县陶家山北侧 ,东至宁夏中卫县孤山子北缘 ,全长 6 0ｋｍ左右 ,由 5条不连续的次级断层组成。这些次级断层长短不一 ,长者 2 0ｋｍ ,短者不足 6ｋｍ ,彼此呈左阶排列关系 ,阶区显示为洼地或盆地地貌。自西向东将这些断层依次命名为景泰小红山次级断层、罐罐岭次级断层、沙井次级断层、中卫小红山次级断层以及青山 -孤山子次级断层。罐罐岭地震地表破裂带总体走向ＮＥＥ ,次级断层走向ＥＷ或ＮＷＷ。地貌上显示为清楚的地震断层陡坎、水系以及山脊左旋错 相似文献
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A Preliminary Study on Geological and Seismogenic Structures in the Region of 1969 M 7.4 Bohai Sea Earthquake 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＯｎＪｕｌｙ 1 8,1 969,ａＭＳ7.4ｅａｒｔｈｑｕａｋｅｏｃｃｕｒｒｅｄｉｎｔｈｅＢｏｈａｉＳｅａａｒｅａｎｏｒｔｈｅａｓｔｏｆｔｈｅＹｅｌｌｏｗＲｉｖｅｒＭｏｕｔｈｉｎＳｈａｎｄｏｎｇ (3 8°1 2′Ｎ ,1 1 9°2 4′Ｅ) .Ａｆｔｅｒｔｈｅｎ ,ｓｏｍｅｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈｅｒｓｓｔｕｄｉｅｄｐｒｅｃｕｒｓｏｒｙｐｈｅｎｏｍｅｎａ,ｓｅｉｓｍｉｃｓｅｑｕｅｎｃｅ ,ｓｅｉｓｍｉｃｐａｒａｍｅｔｅｒｓ ,ｆｏｃａｌｍｅｃｈａｎｉｓｍｓｏｌｕｔｉｏｎ ,ｓｅｉｓｍｉｃｓｏｕｒｃｅｆａｕｌｔ,ｓｈａ… 相似文献
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阪神·淡路大震灾后 ,日本着手对原有的地震观测体制作彻底改革 ,多项全国性配置地震计的计划同时开始启动。地震引起的地面晃动的程度不尽相同 ,无感微小地震引发的晃动仅有 0 .0 0 1 μm,频率为1 0 Hz;巨大地震引起的地面晃动的幅度高达 2～ 3 m,周期也有几十秒。虽说都称之为地震计 ,但由于地震动的振幅和频率涉及的范围太大 ,所以应针对观测对象选用不同类型的地震计。下面介绍不同类型的观测网。1 强震观测网 ( K- NET)无论大地有多大的晃动都能将其准确记录下来的地震计称之为强震计。它构造坚实 ,信号明确 ,通常设置在地表 ,对了… 相似文献
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Sun, climate, hunger, and mass migration 总被引：9，自引：1，他引：8
Kenneth J. Hsu 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》1998,41(5):449-472
Paleoclimatic studies indicate four epochs of global cooling during the last 4 000 years, i. e. during the few centuries before
and after 2000 BC, 800 BC, 400 AD, and 1 600 AD; the quasiperiodicity corresponds to cyclic variation of solar activity. Global
temperature changes influenced regional precipitation patterns: Northern Europe was wetter while the middle- and low-latitude
lands were more arid during colder epochs. Both sets of cold climatical conditions were unfavorable for agricultural production.
Historical records show that large demographic movements in history took place because of crop failures and mass starvation,
rather than escaping from war zones. The “wandering” of the Germanic tribes during the first two or three centuries of the
Christian Era is one example. Whereas the accelerated release of carbon dioxide from the burning of fossil fuels is ultimately
to cause global warming, historical evidence indicates, however, that global warming has been on the whole a blessing to mankind.
Global cooling, on the other hand, has curtailed agricultural production and has led to famines and mass migrations of people.
Perhaps the most important task at the present is not so much computer-modelling of greenhouse effect on global climate, but
water-management and agricultural researches to insure food-supply for an everincreasing world population. 相似文献
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Abu Sayeed Shafiuddin Ahmed Mohammad Belal Hossain Saad Mohammad Omar Faruque Babu Moshiur Rahman Jun Sun Mohammad Shafiqul Islam Sarker 《国际泥沙研究》2022,37(1):83-96
Sediment samples from the Gomti River basin were investigated to determine and evaluate trace metal concentrations,their biological effect,and potential ecological and human health risks for adults and children.The mean concentrations of trace metals were organized in the descending order of mercury(Hg)(0.08 mg/kg)>chromium(Cr)(0.06 mg/kg)>lead(Pb)(0.05 mg/kg)>arsenic(As)(0.02 mg/kg)>cadmium(Cd)(0.01 mg/kg).The current study illustrated that metals were attributed to the area from natural sources and different anthropogenic sources especially from industries.However,the concentration levels were lower than the sediment quality guidelines(SQGs)based on the effect-range classifications of threshold effect concentration(TEC)and probable effect concentration(PEC).Therefore,the concentration of the elements showed no adverse biological effects on aquatic organisms.The evaluated potential ecological risk index also revealed the low toxicity to the aquatic environment.Moreover,the applied sediment quality indices,geo-accumulation index(Igeo),contamination factor(CF),and contamination severity index(CSI)suggested that the contamination levels of the elements were in the acceptable range,and the contamination had not notably impacted on the sediment quality.The risk index(HI)concerning age groups was significantly less than the threshold limit of 1 indicating that the contamination had no non-carcinogenic risk effect.The total carcinogenic risk(TCR)was less than a risk value of 1×104.Hence,the current study suggests that immediate remediation is not required due to an absence of alarming conditions in the study area.Proper monitoring of the attribution of the metal elements should be done for the betterment of human and environmental health。 相似文献
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In this study, we have checked the location and focal depth of the Yecheng earthquake (m b = 6.0, maximum intensity VII) of February 14, 1980. The result shows that this is an intermediate event with a focal depth of 90 km. The microepicenter is located at 36. 4°N, 76, 9°E, while the macroepicenter is at 37.3°N, 76.9°E, 90 km to the north of the microepicenter. This is the first destructive intermediate event in China which led to a damage as severe as of intensity VII. The focal mechanism of the event is determined to be of thrust type. Combined with the analysis of seismological and geological data in surrounding area, the possible relation between the event and plate movement has been discussed. The result in this paper indicates that in some particular place, the destructive effect of intermediate event should be considered in seismic hazard assessment. 相似文献
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Michael O. Garcia Diane Hanano Ashton Flinders Dominique Weis Garrett Ito Mark D. Kurz 《Bulletin of Volcanology》2012,74(6):1445-1463
The size, shape, and magmatic history of the most recently discovered shield volcano in the Hawaiian Islands, Mahukona, have been controversial. Mahukona corresponds to what was thought to be a gap in the paired sequence (Loa and Kea trends) of younger Hawaiian volcanoes (<4?Ma). Here, we present the results of marine expeditions to Mahukona where new bathymetry, sidescan sonar, gravity data, and lava samples were collected to address these controversies. Modeling of bathymetric and gravity data indicate that Mahukona is one of the smallest Hawaiian volcanoes (～6,000?km3) and that its magmatic system was not focused in a long-lived central reservoir like most other Hawaiian volcanoes. This lack of a long-lived magmatic reservoir is reflected by the absence of a central residual gravity high and the random distribution of cones on Mahukona Volcano. Our reconstructed subsidence history for Mahukona suggests it grew to at least ～270?m below sea level but probably did not form an island. New 40Ar–39Ar plateau ages range from 350 to 654?ka providing temporal constraints for Mahukona’s post-shield and shield stages of volcanism, which ended prematurely. Mahukona post-shield lavas have high 3He/4He ratios (16–21?Ra), which have not been observed in post-shield lavas from other Hawaiian volcanoes. Lava compositions range widely at Mahukona, including Pb isotopic values that straddle the boundary between Kea and Loa sequences of volcanoes. The compositional diversity of Mahukona lavas may be related to its relatively small size (less extensive melting) and the absence of a central magma reservoir where magmas would have been homogenized. 相似文献
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Transitional, entraining, cloudy, and coastal boundary layers 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Wayne M. Angevine 《Acta Geophysica》2008,56(1):2-20
Atmospheric boundary layers are marvelously varied and complex. Recent research has examined some of that variety. Boundary
layers over land undergo drastic changes throughout the day as the sun rises and sets, and as clouds form and dissipate. Air
is entrained at the top of the boundary layer at varying rates. As air moves over the coast, the boundary layer reacts to
changes in surface forcing. All of these changes affect pollutant transport and weather formation. In this paper, research
attempting to understand transitional, cloud-topped, and coastal boundary layers, and boundary-layer top entrainment, is reviewed. 相似文献
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Dynamics of dissolved major (Na,K, Ca,Mg, and Si) and trace (Al,Fe, Mn,Zn, Cu,and Cr) elements along the lower Orinoco River 
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下载免费PDF全文 Abrahan Mora Jürgen Mahlknecht Juan Carlos Baquero Alain Laraque Juan A. Alfonso Daniel Pisapia Laura Balza 《水文研究》2017,31(3):597-611
This study addresses the changes in dissolved major and trace element concentrations along the Orinoco River, including the mixing zone between the Orinoco and Apure Rivers. Water samples from the Apure and Orinoco Rivers were collected monthly in four sectors over a period of 15 months. Auxiliary parameters (pH, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, and temperature), total suspended sediments, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and major (Na, K, Ca, Mg, and Si) and trace (Al, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, and Cr) element concentrations were measured in all sectors. The relative contribution of both rivers after the Apure–Orinoco confluence was determined using Ca as a tracer. Moreover, a mixing model was developed to determine whether dissolved species exhibit a conservative behavior during mixing. The results indicate that DOC is removed from waters during the Apure–Orinoco mixing, probably due to absorption of DOC on mineral phases supplied by the Apure River. Dissolved Na, Ca, and Mg behave conservatively during the mixing processes, and their concentrations are controlled by a dilution process. The anomaly in the temporal pattern of K in the Orinoco is caused by the input of biogenic K originating from the Apure River during the high‐water stage. The loss of dissolved Si during the low‐water stage can be explained by the uptake of Si by diatoms. Dissolved Mn, Zn, Al, and Fe showed a non‐conservative behavior during the Apure–Orinoco mixing. The removal of Mn and Zn from the dissolved phase can be explained by the formation of Mn‐oxyhydroxides and the scavenging of Zn onto Mn oxides. Dissolved Fe is controlled by redox processes, although the removals of Fe and Al due to the preferential adsorption of large organometallic complexes by mineral surfaces after the Apure–Orinoco confluence can affect the mobility of both elements during transport. The conservative behavior shown by Cu and Cr can be related to the tendency of both elements to be complexed with small organic colloids, which are not preferentially adsorbed by clays. 相似文献