共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 118 毫秒
1.
2.
罗云山山前断裂带阶地调查研究及其构造意义 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
罗云山山前断裂带位于山西临汾盆地西侧,控制着盆地的西界.对罗云山山前断裂带8条冲沟的阶地测量资料的研究表明:该断裂带冲沟发育T1～T5五级阶地.T1 阶地拔沟3m左右,T2 阶地拔沟8～10m,T3 阶地拔沟20m左右,T4 阶地拔沟30m左右,T5 阶地拔沟40～50m.阶地测年数据及断错地貌调查表明:罗云山山前断裂带在晚第四纪以来有过多次活动.晚更新世中晚期以来阶地的抬升速率为0.41 mm/a,全新世以来抬升速率为0.75mm/a.罗云山山前断裂带冲沟阶地从晚更新世中晚期到全新世抬升速率有逐渐增大的趋势,反映该断裂带自晚第四纪以来构造抬升作用逐渐加强,这与临汾盆地从晚更新世晚期到全新世沉降速率也有增大的趋势比较一致. 相似文献
3.
柯坪推覆构造的变形量和变形速率对于认识中国大陆的地球动力学过程有重要意义,但晚第四纪以来的变形特征与缩短速率是众多研究中的薄弱环节。文中通过大量的野外调查、探槽开挖、变形地貌面实测与阶地堆积物的测年,分析了柯坪推覆构造普昌断裂以东部分的晚第四纪变形样式、变形量和缩短速率。晚第四纪以来,研究区在地表和近地表的变形主要通过2种形式表现出来:低角度逆断层运动和新褶皱的弯曲变形。这些变形主要由最新地貌面的隆升和缩短来实现。研究区存在2个变形强度大的地段,缩短速率西段为1·32mm/a;东段为1·39mm/a 相似文献
4.
5.
本文以川西安宁河河谷第四纪沉积记录和晚第四纪地表构造变形研究为基础,借助孢粉分析、构造过程等诸多定量信息,试图较深入地认识河谷阶地成因及其块体边界断裂的活动特征和强震活动特征,为进一步开展边界断裂动力学研究和强震预测提供详实和可靠的基础资料。 相似文献
6.
祁连山西段酒西盆地区阶地构造变形的研究 总被引：25，自引：3，他引：22
对祁连山西段酒西盆地晚第四纪阶地的研究表明,该区早第四纪以挤压褶皱、逆冲为特征的构造变形在晚更新世期间乃至全新世仍继承性地进行着,表现为横穿褶皱和逆断裂带的河流及冲沟阶地面的形成、阶地类型的转变、阶地级数的增多和阶地面被断错或发生拱曲变形．其中祁连山北缘大断裂晚更新世晚期以来的垂直运动速率约为１．９２～２．００ｍｍ／ａ．老君庙背斜逆断裂带在晚更新世初以来的垂直运动速率约为１．１５～２．５６ｍｍ／ａ．白杨河背斜逆断裂带晚更新世初以来的垂直运动速率约为０．３２～０．５８ｍｍ／ａ． 相似文献
7.
受新生代印度-欧亚板块碰撞的远程效应影响，西准噶尔地区平行斜列的走滑断裂系统被重新激活。托里断裂作为其中重要的组成部分，获取其晚第四纪构造变形特征对于认识和理解天山以北区域的构造变形和地壳缩短吸收方式都具有重要意义。文中基于野外调查结果和无人机三维重建技术分析了托里断裂晚第四纪的构造变形特征，并利用光释光测年方法对托里断裂的地貌面期次进行定年，进而通过冲沟和阶地陡坎等标志性地貌的位错量和地貌年龄计算托里断裂的晚第四纪活动速率。研究结果表明：托里断裂由东、西2支分支断裂构成，均以左旋水平走滑为主。东支断裂使喀普舍克河T3和T2阶地分别产生了(89±31) m和(39±13) m的水平位错量，结合T3阶地(52.9±5.1) ka和T2阶地(23.4±1.5) ka的形成年龄，计算得到其活动速率约为(1.7±0.8) mm/a;西支断裂使铁斯巴汗河T2阶地产生了(34.0±6.8) m的水平位错量以及喀普舍克河T3阶地上最大为(37.5-4.1/+2.7) m的冲沟水平位错量，结合T2阶地(18.8±1.3) ka的形成年龄，计算得到其活动速率为(1.8+0.5/-1.3) mm/a。结合... 相似文献
8.
通过霍山地区地震地质调查和研究，发现晚第四纪以来该地区丰富的构造变形现象：盆地边缘断裂构成断层三角面；隆起区发育一系列的北东向断裂，含断层泥；盆地内中更新统中发现多期变形遗迹，共同显示晚第四纪以来构造变形的继承性和统一性.文中结合各观测点变形物质的微观、超微观变形分析和断错物质系统测龄结果分析，对研究区构造新活动期次、断层滑移特性、古地震事件等进行了有意义的探讨.结果表明，该区断裂在晚第四纪曾有过多期粘滑活动.最后结合地震层析成像等深部探测成果对研究区地震的深部介质条件进行了讨论. 相似文献
9.
用岷江都江堰—汶川段晚第四纪阶地面的变形量估算了龙门山断裂带中段的滑动速率。岷江及其支流发育3级晚第四纪河流阶地,阶地面的年龄分别约为10,20,50kaBP。阶地纵剖面在茂汶-汶川断裂、北川-映秀断裂和江油-灌县断裂处有明显的垂直变形。断裂活动具有间歇性特点,晚第四纪以来有过3期活动,其起始时间分别为50,20,10kaBP。依据各级阶地面年龄和变形量估算的茂汶-汶川断裂、北川-映秀断裂和江油-灌县断裂晚第四纪逆冲滑动速率分别为0.5,0.6～0.3,0.2mm/a;据阶地走滑位错估算的茂汶-汶川断裂和北川-映秀断裂的晚第四纪右旋走滑速率均约为1mm/a。现代河床之下发育很厚的河流堆积物表明,龙门山的构造抬升经历了较为复杂的过程 相似文献
10.
西南天山迈丹断裂东段晚第四纪活动的发现及构造意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用详细的遥感影像解译、实地调查、探槽开挖以及释光年代学测定的方法对西南天山山前的迈丹断裂东段进行研究,获得了该断裂晚第四纪以来活动的可靠证据。迈丹断裂东段是一条由多条次级断裂组成的复杂断裂带,最大宽度可达17km,晚第四纪以来的活动断错了山前各级地貌面和阶地。探槽开挖表明,断裂在全新世期间曾发生过断错地表的强震事件,造成的垂直位错量在2m以上。迈丹断裂晚第四纪以来活动表明,西南天山地区的构造变形并不完全集中在推覆体前缘新生的逆断裂-背斜带上,天山根部断裂也吸收了一部分构造变形。这一构造变形模式与已知的北天山前展式的构造变形样式具有明显差异,柯坪推覆体并不完全遵从断裂新活动不断向盆地方向扩展的特点,推覆体前缘新生断裂和根部断裂都有较强的活动,可能是一种无序或反序的构造变形样式。此类构造,其发震构造模型的建立及强震危险性预测给我们带来新的挑战。 相似文献
11.
XING Chengqi Ding Guoyu LU Yanchou Shen Xuhui Tian Qinjian YIN Gongming CHAI Zhizhang WEI Kaibo 《中国地震研究》2003,17(2):183-198
Where the Yellow River flows through the Haiyuan-Tongxin arc-form tectonic region on the northeastern side of the Qinghai-Xizang (Tibet) Plateau, as many as 10～21 basis and erosion terraces have been produced, among which the biggest altitude above river level is 401m and the formation age of the highest terrace is 1.57 Ma B.P. Based on comparative analysis of the Yellow River terraces located separately in the Mijiashan mountain, the Chemuxia gorge, the Heishanxia gorge and the other river terraces in the vast extent of the northern part of China, it has been found that the tectonic processes resulting in the formation of the terrace series is one of multi-gradational features, i.e., a terrace series can include the various terraces produced by tectonic uplifts of different scopes or scales and different ranks. The Yellow River terrace series in the study region can be divided into three grades. Among them, in the first grade there are 6 terraces which were formed separately at the same time in the vast extent of the northern part of China and represent the number and magnitude of uplift of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau since 1.6 Ma B. P. ; in the second grade there are 5 terraces which were separately and simultaneously developed within the Haiyuan-Tianjingshan tectonic region and represent the number and magnitude of uplift of this tectonic region itself since 1.6Ma B. P.; in the third grade there are 10 terraces which developed on the eastern slope of the Mijiashan mountain and represent the number and amplitude of uplift of the Haiyuan tectonic belt itself since 1.6Ma B.P. Comparison of the terrace ages with loess-paleosoil sequence has also showed that the first grade terraces reflecting the vast scope uplifts of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau are very comparable with climatic changes and their formation ages all correspond to the interglacial epochs during which paleosoils were formed. This implies that the vast extent tectonic uplifts resulting in river down-cutting are closely related to the warm-humid climatic periods which can also resnit in river downward erosion after strong dry and cold climatic periods, and they have jointly formed the tectonic-climatic cycles. There exists no unanimous and specific relationship between the formation ages of the second and third grade terraces and climatic changes and it is shown that the formation of those terraces was most mainly controlled by tectonic uplifts of the Tianjingshan block and the Haiyuan belt. The river terraces in the study region, therefore, may belong to 2 kinds of formation cause. One is a tectonic-climatic cyclical terrace produced jointly by vast extent tectonic uplifts and climatic changes, and the terraces of this kind are extensively distributed and can be well compared with each other among regions. Another is a pulse-tectonic cyclical terrace produced by local tectonic uplifts as dominant elements, and their distribution is restricted within an active belt and can not be compared with among regions. 相似文献
12.
河流阶地面是一种时间性、连续性非常高的层状地貌面,利用跨断层地区的河流阶地变形可以定量地判别一个地区的断层活动性。青衣江横跨龙门山断裂带南段是一条区域性大河,由于龙门山南段构造活动强烈且河流阶地被侵蚀程度严重,为了在室内更好、更快地解译青衣江河流阶地,使野外调查工作更具有针对性,本文在龙门山南段青衣江流域小关子至飞仙村一段,采用航测遥感技术制作的2m分辨率DEM和1/5万数字高程模型,基于Arc GIS和MATLAB平台进行了阶地面提取和聚类分析,以模拟野外测量阶地的流程,试图通过计算机提取,快速获取该地区更多的残余地貌面,建立起较为完整的河流阶地纵剖面。研究结果表明:野外测量数据与计算机自动提取结果相似度较高,具有较好的一致性;在完整的阶地剖面中发现了芦山盆地内部阶地具有疑似拱曲现象;在大川-双石断裂附近阶地有翘起现象,推测芦山盆地西缘阶地拱曲是由大川-双石断裂东侧的一条未知断层引起的,大川-双石断裂附近阶地的翘起现象可能是在断层逆冲推覆过程中形成的,同时结合区域年代历史数据,推测该地区(芦山盆地至大川-双石断裂)至少在晚更新世曾发生过构造活动。 相似文献
13.
Ping Wang Hanchao Jiang Daoyang Yuan Xingwang Liu Bin Zhang 《Quaternary Geochronology》2010,5(2-3):181-186
The stratigraphic chronology of Yellow River terraces was investigated and studied in Lanzhou Basin, western Chinese Loess Plateau. The optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating results show that terraces T1, T2 and T3 formed at 8 ka, 20 ka and 70 ka, respectively. Lateral accretion of the riverbed facies gravel sediments occurred during interglacial periods while vertical aggradations of the terrace sediments deposited predominantly under cold and dry glacial period. A thick layer of aeolian loess with a basal age about 35 ka indicates a remarkable drop of air temperature and a dry, cold climate. The temporal correlation between terrace formation and tectonic movement has not yet been established in this research, but the stratigraphic chronology of the terrace sections provides the timing of the terrace formation, the incision rate of the Yellow River, and the slip rate of the fault horizon. 相似文献
14.
对流经阿尔金断裂带东段的段家沙河、疏勒河和踏实河的阶地沉积物进行了细颗粒多测片红外释光(IRSL)测年,初步确定了晚第四纪各级阶地的形成年代和构造抬升速率。疏勒河在昌马盆地南缘发育7级阶地,光释光测年结果显示这些总高度超过100m的阶地可能主要形成于数万年以内,抬升速率约为2.5mm/a;照壁山峡谷疏勒河保留有5级阶地,大致形成于20万年前,阶地的抬升速率约为0.7mm/a;段家沙河在红柳峡上形成4级阶地,形成于距今7万年以来,其抬升速率约为06mm/a 相似文献
15.
与生长地层类似,在活动褶皱生长发育过程中形成的河流阶地堆积、阶地面与褶皱陡坎记录了褶皱发育的详细过程,其基本几何结构主要受控于下伏褶皱生长的机制与类型。文中讨论了简单膝折带迁移(恒定翼间角)生长断弯褶皱与断展褶皱、翼旋转(恒定翼长)滑脱褶皱、膝折带迁移滑脱褶皱、膝折带迁移-翼旋转联合作用以及弧形弯曲枢纽膝折带迁移褶皱作用下河流阶地的几何结构以及阶地面与下伏基座岩层间的角度关系,提出了这几类褶皱生长与河流阶地相互关系的运动学模型,同时考虑了河流加积和下切侵蚀作用对河流阶地最终几何结构的影响。在这些模型中,变形河流阶地和褶皱陡坎的基本几何结构既具有相似之处,也有截然不同之处。因此,通过对河流阶地和褶皱陡坎的细致填图、测量和测年,不仅可推断其下伏活动褶皱的生长变形机制,而且可以估算褶皱的隆升速率和控制褶皱生长的断层的滑动速率 相似文献
16.
老虎山地区的第四系以山麓洪积与山区河流阶地沉积为主，￣１４Ｃ法、ＴＬ法和扩散方程法测定的近４０个年代样品表明：Ⅰ级阶地为全新统，阶地形成年龄为４０８６±１００ａ—４５７８±６０ａ；Ⅱ级阶地为晚更新世晚期沉积，阶地形成年龄为２３Ｋａ；Ⅲ级阶地为晚更新世早中期沉积，阶地形成年龄为７２Ｋａ；Ⅳ级阶地和Ⅴ级阶地为中更新世沉积，其阶地形成年龄分别为２１７±３５Ｋａ和３７８±６０Ｋａ；早更新统仅在局部出露，可能属早更新世早期的沉积。通过与兰州九洲台黄土剖面对比，发现Ⅰ—Ⅴ级阶地的形成年龄与标准剖面中的Ｓｏ、Ｓ＿２、Ｓ＿４等层古土壤形成年龄相一致。这说明河流层状地貌的形成。除了与构造抬升有关外，还与全球冷暖交替的大气候背景有着十分密切的内在联系 相似文献
17.
熊坡背斜构造变形与蒲江-新津断裂活动特征 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
熊坡背斜位于龙门山构造带东南端的成都盆地内,是龙门山逆冲推覆构造向前推挤进入盆地内部的一个主要变形区域,与其配套发育的断裂为蒲江-新津断裂,断裂与背斜褶皱之间在构造变形模式上表现出明显的一致性。在褶皱和断裂的构造变形和活动特征上,熊坡背斜南段表现为一种不对称的褶皱,向NE方向发展表现为较为宽缓的对称褶皱形态,卷入的地层主要是中生代及其以前的地层,对蒲江-新津断裂的地貌调查结果表明,断裂没有对该区域内广泛发育的冲沟Ⅰ级阶地产生影响,而对山前发育的相当于南河(岷江Ⅰ级支流)Ⅳ级阶地的洪积台地有明显的控制作用,说明断裂活动时间应该为第四纪早期,到第四纪晚期活动减弱或是趋于静止 相似文献
18.
Fluvial terraces and their implications for Weihe River valley evolution in the Sanyangchuan Basin 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2017,(3)
Fluvial terraces are important geomorphic markers for modern valley development.When coupled with numeric ages,terraces can provide abundant information about tectonic,climatic,paleohydrological and the paleoenvironmental changes.On the basis of the paleomagnetic,electron spin resonance(ESR) and optically stimulated luminescence(OSL) dating,in addition to an investigation of local loess-paleosol sequences,we confirmed that 13 fluvial terraces were formed,and then preserved,along the course of the Upper Weihe River in the Sanyangchuan Basin over the past 1.2 Ma.Analyses of the characteristics and genesis of these terraces indicate that they resulted from the response of this particular river system to climate change over an orbital scale.These changes can further be placed within the context of local and regional tectonic uplift,and represent an alternation between lateral migration and vertical incision,dependent upon the predominance of climatic and tectonic controls during different periods.Most of the terraces are strikingly similar in that they have several meters of paleosols which have developed directly on top of fluvial deposits located on the terrace treads,suggesting that the abandonment of terraces due to river incision occurred during the transitions from glacial to interglacial climates.The temporal and spatial differences in the distribution patterns of terraces located on either side of the river valley indicate that a tectonic inversion occurred in Sanyangchuan Basin at-0.62 Ma,and that this was characterized by a transition from overall uplift to depression induced by fault activity.Synthesized studies of the Basin's terraces indicate that formation of the modern valley of the Upper Weihe River may have begun in the late Early Pleistocene between1.4-1.2 Ma. 相似文献
19.
Measurement of terrace deformation and crustal shortening of some renascent fold zones within Kalpin nappe structure 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
YANG XiaoPing RAN YongKang CHENG JianWu CHEN LiChun & XU XiWei Institute of Geology China Earthquake Administration Beijing China 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2007,50(1):33-42
The Kalpin nappe structure is a strongest thrust and fold deformation belt in front of the Tianshan Mountains since the Cenozoic time. The tectonic deformation occurred in 5―6 striking Meso-zoic-Cenozoic fold zones, and some renascent folds formed on the recent alluvial-proluvial fans in front of the folded mountains. We used the total station to measure gully terraces along the longitudinal to-pographic profile in the renascent fold zones and collected samples from terrace deposits for age de-termination. Using the obtained formation time and shortening amount of the deformed terraces, we calculated the shortening rate of 4 renascent folds to be 0.1±0.03 mm/a, 0.12±0.04 mm/a, 0.59±0.18 mm/a, and 0.26±0.08 mm/a, respectively. The formation time of the renascent folds is some later than the major tectonic uplift event of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau 0.14 Ma ago. It may be the long-distance effect of this tectonic event on the Tianshan piedmont fold belt. 相似文献