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给出计算无震级上限累计ｂ值的牛顿迭代方法，并对华东地区的实验地震资料进行ｂ值空间扫描，指出传统累计ｂ值与无震级上限累计ｂ值差异显著，在地震危险性分析中，上述传统做法高估ｂ值的系统偏差问世不容忽视。 相似文献
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福建数字地震台网对泉州地震的监测能力 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5
1604年泉州海外大地震区的地震活动多，且震级大，破坏性强，为了完整记录地震波形资料、提供完备的地震活动目录，本文根据不同的仪器设备和台站的背景噪声值计算了福建省数字地震台网各个台站对该区地震记录的上限与下限。通过计算，发现16位数据采集器的台站震级上限偏小，而24位数据采集器的台站基本满足需要，并对此提出了对16位台站进行24位升级改造，进一步提高台网地震监测能力的建议。 相似文献
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震级上限是指一个地区可能发生地震的最大震级,其概率意义为发生超过该震级地震的概率几乎为0.在有些地区,由于对其内部的地震构造研究和认识存有局限性,很难根据构造或者地质学的原则来确定震级上限.因此,根据数学模型,采用统计手段,使用地震活动性资料来计算震级上限的估计值是一种可行的方法.本文根据截断的G-R关系模型,采用最大似然计算方法,使用东北地震区的地震目录,计算了东北地震区震级上限,结果表明东北地震区的震级上限应为Mu=7.5左右.计算中我们考虑了不同震级的转换、震级误差的修正以及计算方法的影响.最终结果表明,不论采用何种方案进行计算,东北地震区的震级上限值均始终保持在7.5左右,这说明我们采用本文中方法计算得到的东北地震区的震级上限值是合理可信的,同时也说明在以往的研究中对东北地震区震级上限的估计大都是偏小的. 相似文献
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本文根据灰色系统理论,对跨断层流动测量资料进行了处理。结合实际震例,探讨了灰色系统理论在识别形变异常,进行地震预测方面的应用。 相似文献
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对一榀1／2比例的2层、2跨砌体填充钢筋砼框架试件通过拟动力试验进行了抗震评价。二楼填充墙设有窗孔。基于塔夫特（Taft)地面运动，试件经受了逐渐增大震级的4次试验。通过小步长，软连接荷载体系和迭代作动器控制算法进行的显式数值积分，限制了正常情况下与刚性结构拟动力试验有关的位移误差，最后一轮在上层产生了斜裂缝，而较严重的节点剪切开裂发生在底层，揭示了观测裂缝与楼层层间剪力反应的关系。通过框架轴力、弯矩与填充墙应变的实测值确定了压杆的力学机制，从几个简单压杆模型得到的层刚度估计值是底层和2层墙体严重破坏前试验量值的上限，基于摩擦的墙板抗剪强度的估计值低估了实测强度，且对假定摩擦系数很敏感，忽略填充墙和框架相互作用来估计抗剪强度的现行方法，显著低估了实测剪切强度值。 相似文献
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张艳红 《地震工程与工程振动》1999,19(4):140-148
将积函数极值法应用于高层建筑结构风振力上限识别,在体系刚度分布未知的情况下,利用风振反应上限值可以进行初步设计或抗风验算。 相似文献
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最大峰值加速度与有效峰值加速度的大小比例关系及影响因素探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
分别以最大峰值加速度(以下简称PGA)和有效峰值加速度(以下简称EPA)为参数,对金沙江流域上12个工程场点进行了地震危险性分析,得到了各个场点在不同的年超越概率下的基岩PGA和EPA值。通过对PGA、EPA值比较分析认为:PGA与EPA值的大小比例关系主要受年超越概率大小的影响,当年超越概率较大时,表现为PGA>EPA;当年超越概率较小时,PGA与EPA的比例关系还与场点周围的潜源分布形式及潜源的震级上限的大小有关,不同的年超越概率、不同的潜源分布形式和震级上限,可使PGA>EPA,也可使PGA相似文献
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为研究不同设计参数对曲线梁桥地震响应的影响以指导结构抗震设计，对不同支承约束曲线梁桥地震响应及地震需求敏感性进行分析。采用增量动力分析（IDA）方法对比分析了不同支承约束曲线梁桥的结构地震响应变化趋势；采用Tornado图形法对不同结构参数影响程度进行了排序，找出了对结构地震需求影响显著的参数。结果表明:采用板式橡胶支座桥梁因支座易发生滑移而导致上部结构位移较大，但降低了下部结构响应，设置固定墩后，下部结构损伤显著增加；对于采用板式橡胶支座和铅芯橡胶支座的曲线梁桥，墩高及跨径对墩底曲率需求影响较大，而对于固定墩为墩梁固结形式和采用盆式橡胶支座的曲线梁桥，跨径及跨数对墩底曲率需求影响较大；对于采用不同支承约束的曲线梁桥，墩高和曲率半径对桥台位移需求影响较大，仅次于地震动参数PGA。 相似文献
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Junwon Seo 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2013,12(2):251-260
Curved steel bridges are commonly used at interchanges in transportation networks and more of these structures continue to be designed and built in the United States. Though the use of these bridges continues to increase in locations that experience high seismicity, the effects of curvature and other parameters on their seismic behaviors have been neglected in current risk assessment tools. These tools can evaluate the seismic vulnerability of a transportation network using fragility curves. One critical component of fragility curve development for curved steel bridges is the completion of sensitivity analyses that help identify influential parameters related to their seismic response. In this study, an accessible inventory of existing curved steel girder bridges located primarily in the Mid-Atlantic United States (MAUS) was used to establish statistical characteristics used as inputs for a seismic sensitivity study. Critical seismic response quantities were captured using 3D nonlinear finite element models. Influential parameters from these quantities were identified using statistical tools that incorporate experimental Plackett-Burman Design (PBD), which included Pareto optimal plots and prediction profiler techniques. The findings revealed that the potential variation in the influential parameters included number of spans, radius of curvature, maximum span length, girder spacing, and cross-frame spacing. These parameters showed varying levels of influence on the critical bridge response. 相似文献
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The geological condition may vary largely from one support to another for a long span bridge. The effect of geological variability and spatial variation produced by propagation and coherence loss of seismic ground motion on the response of long span suspension bridges is investigated in this article. The case of Jiangyin Yangtse River Bridge, a suspension bridge with a main span of 1385 m, is studied in detail. Numerical results show that the geological difference at the supports has a significant effect on the seismic response of long span suspension bridges and, that it is unacceptable to neglect the difference. The effect of the propagation of seismic ground motion on the response of long span suspension bridges is far more important than that of the coherence loss. The response of bridges varies greatly with the horizontal apparent velocity in a very complex way, and there is a critical horizontal velocity for a given response quantity. 相似文献
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针对双薄臂高墩连续刚构桥两侧桥台处主梁与背墙的碰撞现象,基于桥台-背土作用简化模型和Kelvin碰撞模型,采用非线性时程法研究碰撞对双薄臂墩地震剪力、弯矩、曲率和位移,以及支座纵向变形的影响。提出可牺牲背墙、阻尼器、加强型横系梁等三种减碰措施,并对比分析其减碰效果。研究表明:碰撞会显著增大高墩的地震内力和曲率响应,降低墩顶位移和支座的纵向变形;碰撞刚度的变化对碰撞效应的影响在20%以内;可牺牲背墙和阻尼器两种减碰措施均可大幅降低桥墩的地震内力和曲率,使其接近不考虑碰撞时的状态,阻尼器同时还可以保护支座不超过容许变形,而可牺牲背墙则会导致支座的地震破坏;加强型横系梁不能发挥减碰作用,反而会增大桥墩的地震响应。 相似文献
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为研究强地震作用下,桥台及台后土体对斜交连续梁桥抗震作用的影响。以一座三跨连续斜交箱梁桥为依托,应用sap2000建立不同斜度的模型,针对有、无桥台两种工况,采用非线性时程分析方法,研究了纵向不同地震动强度输入下,桥台及台后土体作用对不同斜度的连续梁桥主梁和桥墩位移的影响规律,并对桥墩的延性性能进行分析。研究结果表明:桥台及台后土体的存在会抑制主梁的纵向位移,大大增加主梁梁端的横向位移,地震动幅值越大,这种作用越明显;桥台及台后土体作用会减小墩顶纵向位移和墩底纵向弯矩,降低桥墩纵向位移延性需求,提高桥墩纵向安全性,斜交角越大,该影响效果越小;桥台作用对桥墩的横向反应几乎无影响。建议在桥梁抗震设计时应考虑桥台以及台后土体的作用,并针对不同斜度的连续梁桥采取相应的抗震措施,以提高其抗震性能。 相似文献
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为研究适用于大跨铁路钢桁连续梁桥的减隔震方案及合理优化参数,以一座全长504 m的三跨铁路钢桁连续梁特大桥为工程背景,使用非线性结构分析软件SAP2000建立有限元模型,采用快速非线性分析方法分析对比摩擦摆、阻尼器、速度锁定器等减隔震方案在各种装置参数下的减震效率。研究表明:由于大跨铁路钢桁连续梁桥墩身自振导致的地震力较大,摩擦摆方案内力减震效率一般,同时墩底内力对滑动面半径变化并不敏感,在选取滑动半径时应更多地考虑行车平顺性和梁端位移值的限制。速度锁定器会极大地增加此类桥梁地震输入能量,不适用于此类桥型。阻尼器方案对活动墩内力减震效果明显,但不能有效降低固定墩内力。摩擦摆支座附加阻尼器组合减震方案能有效控制此类桥梁的内力和位移响应。研究结论可为大跨度钢桁连续梁桥减隔震设计提供参考。 相似文献
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An investigation is presented of the collapse of a 630 m segment (Fukae section) of the elevated Hanshin Expressway during the 1995 Kobe earthquake. The earthquake has, from a geotechnical viewpoint, been associated with extensive liquefactions, lateral soil spreading, and damage to waterfront structures. Evidence is presented that soil–structure interaction (SSI) in non‐liquefied ground played a detrimental role in the seismic performance of this major structure. The bridge consisted of single circular concrete piers monolithically connected to a concrete deck, founded on groups of 17 piles in layers of loose to dense sands and moderate to stiff clays. There were 18 spans in total, all of which suffered a spectacular pier failure and transverse overturning. Several factors associated with poor structural design have already been identified. The scope of this work is to extend the previous studies by investigating the role of soil in the collapse. The following issues are examined: (1) seismological and geotechnical information pertaining to the site; (2) free‐field soil response; (3) response of foundation‐superstructure system; (4) evaluation of results against earlier studies that did not consider SSI. Results indicate that the role of soil in the collapse was multiple: First, it modified the bedrock motion so that the frequency content of the resulting surface motion became disadvantageous for the particular structure. Second, the compliance of soil and foundation altered the vibrational characteristics of the bridge and moved it to a region of stronger response. Third, the compliance of the foundation increased the participation of the fundamental mode of the structure, inducing stronger response. It is shown that the increase in inelastic seismic demand in the piers may have exceeded 100% in comparison with piers fixed at the base. These conclusions contradict a widespread view of an always‐beneficial role of seismic SSI. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献