共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 140 毫秒
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《四川地震》2014,(4)
理塘—义敦断裂1∶5万活动断层填图数据库存储了大量数据,主要包括室内资料和野外调查数据,前者主要包括地理信息数据、地层数据、地震目录、遥感影像数据等;后者主要包括野外的各类点、地表破裂带、活断层线、古地震探槽、断错地貌测量等数据。本文利用Arc GIS将这些数据录入、编辑、分析和制图输出,初步构建了一个包含基础地理信息的活动断层填图数据库。该数据库不仅实现了地质数据的空间位置和属性特征的综合管理,而且从数据库中可以得到相关断裂的空间展布、运动学特征、古地震研究等资料。这些资料在共享的情况下,用户可以根据需要,绘制相应的专题图件,深入分析理塘县及甘孜地区的地震应急、古地震研究以及当地的防震减灾规划,特别是对于基础设施建设和生命线工程活动断层的避让带的确定提供参考依据。 相似文献
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在研究以MAPGIS为平台的中华人民共和国1/50万数字地质图数据库管理系统的基础上,通过对该系统数据库的年代地层、地质界线与断层、成因类型、岩石类型以及钻孔、同位素年代和火山口、地理内容检索代码的研究,得出该系统数据库按地质内容、地理内容检索的代码编码规律。为方便广大MapInfor用户的使用,笔者将该系统的数据转换成MapInfor格式的数据,采用VB6.0将该系统转换成以MapInfor为平台的中华人民共和国1/50万数字地质图数据库管理系统。同时介绍了以MapInfor为平台开发的中华人民共和国1/50万数字地质图数据库管理系统的使用 相似文献
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《地震地质》2015,(4)
对中国活动断层数据库建设的发展成果进行了简单介绍,以"华北构造区活动断层探测和调查基础数据库信息共享平台"的建设过程为例,讨论了通过Web GIS实现活动断层数据发布与共享的可行性,Web GIS技术可较好地解决活动断层数据的共享问题。共享系统总体目标是快速安全地共享高精度、专业化的活动断层数据。系统采用B/S模式流行的3层架构结构:GIS服务器+Web服务器+客户端浏览器,后端数据库是将多个华北地区的活动断层子库集成后的总数据库。系统不但具有基本的浏览、查询功能,还可以进行条件查询、点击查询、断层定位等细粒度的操作。现阶段系统建设重点放在了"数据共享的实现"和"数据精度"上,借助GIS的强大功能还可以实现更多,比如在线编辑、自定义GP模型等。 相似文献
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为了提高地震应急信息发布效率,解决传统地震应急信息服务不能满足当前需要的问题,基于地震网站内容管理信息系统,以地震信息数据为基础,根据信息类别和属性对Java easysite平台进行技术开发,设计了地震信息直播、地震参数、震区背景等核心功能模块。通过自动获取地震数据库信息系统,实现了平台各个功能模块信息的快速发布。该应用已被布置在中国地震局网站平台上,实现了地震应急信息平台的智能管理,进一步保证了地震应急信息的发布。 相似文献
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为了提高地震应急信息发布效率,解决传统地震应急信息服务不能满足当前需要的问题,基于地震网站内容管理信息系统,以地震信息数据为基础,根据信息类别和属性对Java easysite平台进行技术开发,设计了地震信息直播、地震参数、震区背景等核心功能模块.通过自动获取地震数据库信息系统,实现了平台各个功能模块信息的快速发布.该应用已被布置在中国地震局网站平台上,实现了地震应急信息平台的智能管理,进一步保证了地震应急信息的发布. 相似文献
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基于GIS的多源信息叠合评价方法是以基础地质图件或数据作为信息,将原始地质图件和数据网格化并赋以属性值,通过地质信息分级标准,变换为标准信息图,通过因子分析,确定各参数的权重并建立油气评价模型,用符合地质含义的关系式进行数据与图层、图层与图层之间的叠合、计算,最后通过空间隐含信息的提取,预测出盆地的有利勘探区域.作者采用该方法,对已发现工业油气流的延吉盆地进行了多源信息叠合、计算评价,指出了章岩洞-崇明、延吉市周遍、铜佛寺周遍三大区块为油气勘探有利远景区. 相似文献
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《地球物理学进展》2020,(2)
利用地震资料检测断层对油气勘探具有重要的意义,也是地震资料解释的重点.文中发展了局部二值模式(Local Binary Pattern,LBP)方法来检测断层,并结合地震剖面的旋转不变局部方差(Rotation Invariant Variance,VAR)信息,提出一种基于LBP/VAR特征的断层检测方法.首先利用相干属性、曲率属性和边缘检测等常规的断层检测方法和LBP/VAR算子对原始地震数据进行断层刻画,说明LBP/VAR算子的有效性,再对LBP、LBP/VAR进行阈值优化处理,使其检测断层的效果更佳.其次用LBP/VAR算子实现对含噪声的理论断层模型以及实际断层图片检测并对比分析.试验结果表明LBP/VAR算子对含噪声的断层理论模型仍然有效,具有一定的鲁棒性.实际断层图片检测证明该方法对断层检测具有更好的效果.研究结果表明LBP/VAR算子具有连续性好、一定的抗干扰能力,能较好的刻画断层,为地震资料断层检测提供了一种有效的检测工具. 相似文献
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以福州市活断层信息管理系统为例,提出了城市活断层探测信息系统建设的目标,分析了以GIS技术为支持的、面向对象的设计方法及系统结构与功能。系统在局域网内采用C/S模式,在广域网中采用B/S模式,具有用户界面、应用程序和基础数据的3层结构。探测成果数据库按照分类、分层存贮,按专题组织查询的方式管理。城市活断层探测信息管理系统以活断层探测成果数据库为基础,空间分析为支撑,集地质、地球物理、地球化学、综合查询及专题分析应用为一体,具备活断层探测及分析研究成果分类与综合查询、展示、分析等功能,这一系统的建立可为活断层研究的定量化提供坚实的数据基础与技术平台,为城市规划、土地利用等防震减灾工作的开展提供科学依据 相似文献
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A prototype expert system has been developed to provide rapid warning of earthquakes while they are occurring. Warning times of up to 100 seconds will be possible. In the complete system, several accelerometers are distributed at intervals within a few kilometers of a known fault; data are telemetered to a central computer which implements the expert system. The expert system incorporates specific information about the type of fault to be monitored, and includes simple rules for estimating the fault slip, rupture length, and seismic moment, all in real time. If the seismic moment exceeds a preset value, an alarm may be issued. The prototype is designed for deployment on near-surface strike-slip faults such as the San Andreas and has been successfully tested with data from the 1979 Imperial Valley and 1984 Morgan Hill earthquakes. Crucial concepts have also been tested using synthetic data calculated for a model of the 1857 Fort Tejon earthquake. Parkfield, California, could be used as a test site. 相似文献
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Over the past nearly 20 years, there is a huge development in active fault database related technologies in China, mass of active fault data has provided us important basis for researching on earthquake and disaster reduction, etc. However, with the appearance of huge amount of active fault data, lots of problems have emerged, such as data redundancy, inefficient management and information islands, etc. One of the major reasons is lack of efficient method to share the active fault data we owned.By study and comparison, we find that WebGIS is a good solution to solve the problem of active fault data publishing and sharing. WebGIS has well combined the advantages of traditional GIS and internet technologies, it could also share geographic data quickly, provide abundant browsing, searching and analysis functions. Based on the project of "China Earthquake Active Fault Detection—The North China Tectonic Region", and taking the foundational database information sharing platform of the active fault detection and survey as an example, the paper introduces the key technologies of active fault data sharing platform with latest WebGIS technology. The sharing system, which employs ArcGIS Server 10.0 as the GIS server, and utilizes MS-Silverlight technology at the client side, makes use of three-layer architecture which is popular in current B/S mode. To guarantee the security of the database on the internet, data source in the backend of the system is a simplified version of the active fault database of the North China tectonic region. Finally, the system has realized the publishing and sharing of 1 ︰ 50000 active fault mapping and main geophysical survey lines in North China tectonic region, and moreover, it provides some conventional map operations as well as fault searching and locating functions.The wide use of active fault data decides the significance of sharing system. It is very convenient to use this lightweight data sharing system to provide important basis for relevant industries, such as urban planning, land use and engineering site option, etc. 相似文献
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Active fault survey, which is one kind of fundamental researches for reducing disaster risk from earthquake, has been implemented by multiple governmental agencies since the early 1990s in China. Chinese government sponsored some active fault survey projects these years. These researches and projects use a series of thematic maps to describe their processes, results and achievement. Since geography information science was introduced in late 1990s and applied since 2000s to these active fault survey projects, seismologists and experts began to draw thematic maps by this new technology. A convenient and fast way for seismologists and experts to produce atlas of active fault survey products is an important accelerator to achieve these projects.This paper studies on the rapid methodology of producing active fault survey atlas, which is basically built on the processes and contents of active fault projects in recent years, and introduces the methodology on two aspects of standardization and software development. This study has been applied to the ongoing active fault survey projects, and resulted in more effective process, normative data and beautiful atlas. Thus these researches will be easier to be used in future application such as publication, internet sharing, and city development. This methodology has reference value to similar map-producing system in standardization and software development. 相似文献
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自2008年5月12日汶川MW7.9地震发生以来,针对地震滑坡与光学遥感影像的特点,制定了地震滑坡编录新原则、遥感影像选取新原则及地震滑坡属性库建立原则。文中介绍了21世纪初4次大地震事件触发滑坡基础数据建设成果:包括2008年5月12日汶川MW7.9地震,此次地震触发了至少197 481处滑坡;2010年4月14日玉树MW6.9地震至少触发2 036处滑坡;2010年1月12日海地MW7.0地震至少触发30 828处滑坡;2007年4月21日智利艾森峡湾MW6.2地震至少触发1 000处滑坡。分析了地震触发滑坡基础数据建设成果与以往研究的不同。最后从地震滑坡基础数据建设成果对地震滑坡分布规律与危险性评价的影响,对震区滑坡与泥石流防灾减灾的意义,对地震震级、活动断层运动习性、地震烈度等的反馈,对震区河流与地貌演化研究的基础意义,对全球地震震级与触发滑坡关系研究的意义等几个方面,分析了地震滑坡基础数据建设的实际应用价值与科学研究意义。 相似文献
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断层识别是断块型油气田勘探开发的重要研究内容,尤其是在复杂断块油气田的勘探开发中,准确合理的断层识别是落实油气田构造和确定注采井网的关键因素.方差体、相干体、曲率属性等常规方法在断层识别中发挥着重要作用,但在复杂断裂发育区地震资料品质较差,常规方法分辨率较低从而无法准确识别断层组合关系.基于相似系数改进的似然属性在已知断层倾向和倾角时可以精确表征断层,但由于断层的倾向和倾角是未知的,因此可以采用断层倾向和倾角扫描的方法计算最大似然属性来表征断层.本文对比分析了相似系数和最大似然属性的原理;并将最大似然属性应用于模型正演数据和实际地震数据进行断层识别分析,结果表明,最大似然属性在剖面上更符合断层展布特征,在平面上断层组合关系更加清晰,在断层识别上具有较好的应用效果. 相似文献
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Mine Betül Demircioğlu Karin Şeşetyan Tamer Y. Duman Tolga Çan Senem Tekin Semih Ergintav 《Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering》2018,16(8):3399-3438
Over the years, several local and regional seismic hazard studies have been conducted for the estimation of the seismic hazard in Turkey using different statistical processing tools for instrumental and historical earthquake data and modeling the geologic and tectonic characteristics of the region. Recently developed techniques, increased knowledge and improved databases brought the necessity to review the national active fault database and the compiled earthquake catalogue for the development of a national earthquake hazard map. A national earthquake strategy and action plan were conceived and accordingly with the collaboration of the several institutions and expert researchers, the Revision of Turkish Seismic Hazard Map Project (UDAP-Ç-13-06) was initiated, and finalized at the end of 2014. The scope of the project was confined to the revision of current national seismic hazard map, using the state of the art technologies and knowledge of the active fault, earthquake database, and ground motion prediction equations. The following two seismic source zonation models are developed for the probabilistic earthquake hazard analysis: (1) Area source model, (2) Fault and spatial smoothing seismic source model (FSBCK). In this study, we focus on the development and the characterization of the Fault Source model, the background spatially smoothed seismicity model and intrinsic uncertainty on the earthquake occurrence-rates-estimation. Finally, PSHA results obtained from the fault and spatial smoothed seismic source model are presented for 43, 72, 475 and 2475 years return periods (corresponding to 69, 50, 10, and 2% probability of exceedance in 50 years) for PGA and 5% damped spectral accelerations at 0.2 and 1.0 s. 相似文献