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目的：探讨多层螺旋CT（MSCT）在踝关节外伤中的诊断价值。方法：回顾性分析21例踝关节扭伤后行X线平片（DR）及MSCT检查的患者影像资料。结果：确诊骨折20例,MSCT扫描检查共检出骨折46处,包括内踝13例,外踝17例,胫骨下端前结节4例,后踝12例,均可清晰显示骨折线走行及骨折块大小、移位情况。DR共检出骨折37处。结论：MSCT可准确对踝关节外伤所致骨折做出诊断,尤其可清晰显示胫骨下端前结节及后踝骨折情况。 相似文献
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目的：通过比较 X 线平片与三维 CT 检查对胫骨平台骨折损伤评价的信度和效度,探讨 X线平片与 CT 检查的应用价值。方法：回顾性分析2015年1月至2016年1月间收治的32例胫骨平台骨折损伤的病例,分别使用 X 线平片和三维 CT 检查对骨折损伤程度及部位做出判断,对骨折特征进行分析,对结果的效度进行判断（金标准为手术记录所描述）,并用 McNemar 检验比较 X 线平片和三维 CT 判断结果。结果：胫骨平台骨折三维 CT 重建在外柱诊断优于 X 线平片（P =0.031）,对骨折分型具有更高临床价值。结论：使用三维 CT 检查能够提高对胫骨平台骨折损伤评价的可靠性和准确性,可更好指导诊断及治疗方案的制订。 相似文献
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目的：分析MRI在颈段脊柱急性外伤中的诊断价值，方法：回顾性分析53例急性颈部脊柱外伤患者的MRI表观特点，并与CT及X线平片比较，结果：椎体骨折41例，椎体脱位3例，脊髓损伤30例，椎间盘损伤7例，结论：MRI可以对颈椎损伤形态，及脊髓韧带椎间盘等软组织损伤作出明确的诊断，是急性颈椎损伤患者最佳的检查方法。 相似文献
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目的：总结骨盆骨折的X线和CT影像学特点并探讨漏诊原因。方法：回顾性对比分析620例同时有X线平片及螺旋CT检查的骨盆骨折影像资料,比较检出率,分析漏诊因素。结果：620例共有骨盆骨折1036处及关节脱位/分离38处,其中髂骨骨折255处,髋臼骨折226处,骶尾骨骨折99处,耻骨上下支骨折341处,坐骨骨折115处,髋关节及骶髂关节脱位20处,耻骨联合分离18例。X线片共漏诊169处小骨折,1处髋关节后脱位,5处骶髂关节脱位、3处耻骨联合轻度分离。X线的骨折诊断检出率为83.7%,脱位诊断检出率为76.3%;其中226处髋臼骨折X线、SSD分别漏诊61处、20处,X线、SSD骨折诊断检出率分别为73.0%、91.2%。99处骶尾骨骨折X线平片与SSD分别漏诊48、11处;检出率分别为56.0%、89.9%。经χ2检验,骨盆骨折的X线平片与CT检查比较,p〈0.05,差异有统计学意义;SSD与常规螺旋CT和/或MPR比较,p〉0.05,差异无统计学意义。结论：螺旋CT骨折检出率明显优于X线检查;螺旋CT结合MPR、SSD可更好地显示骨折及其周围情况,术前正确诊断对治疗方案、手术入路及制定详细的手术计划可提供正确指导。 相似文献
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目的:探讨肺脂肪栓塞综合征的X线及CT特点。方法:回顾性分析8例被诊断为肺脂肪栓塞患者的影像资料,由两位放射科医师对患者的胸部X线片及多层螺旋CT图像进行评价。结果:行X线片扫描5例表现为双肺弥漫性分布的片状密度增高影,2例表现为双肺中下野分布为主的片状阴影,1例仅表现为肺纹理增强。行CT检查5例表现为磨玻璃样改变(3例弥漫性分布、1例呈"地图样"片状分布、1例合并肺小叶间膈增厚呈现网状阴影),3例表现为多发实变影或结节影,2例合并有双侧胸腔积液。结论:X线平片仍是诊断肺脂肪栓塞比较可靠的影像学检查方法,螺旋CT能够提供更多特征性的影像信息。 相似文献
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目的:研究16层螺旋CT多平面(MPR)、三维(3D)重建在距骨骨折中的临床应用价值。资料与方法:对132例距骨骨折患者的X射线平片、16层螺旋CT-MPR、3D重建影像资料对比分析。结果:132例距骨骨折中,16层螺旋CT-MPR、3D重建骨折和脱位全部显示,X射线平片查出骨折99例,脱位31例。骨折X射线平片检出率75%,三维重建检查检出率100%,脱位X射线平片检出率87%,三维重建检查检出率100%。结论:16层螺旋CT多平面和三维重建,可更好地显示距骨骨折和脱位,对术前诊断和治疗有很大价值,尤其是对距骨细微骨折和半脱位的诊断。 相似文献
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目的:提高影像学检查在腰椎小关节退变损伤中的临床认识。资料与方法:回顾性对比85例腰椎小关节退变损伤患者的X线平片、CT、MRI影像学资料,分别在关节面增生、关节面平整度、关节间隙变窄或真空征及小关节突骨质、关节脱位、关节突骨折、黄韧带钙化、关节面下软骨退变、关节囊肿胀、滑膜囊肿及滑膜囊疝等显示方面进行比较;并将退变引起椎体滑脱患者,在滑脱程度、部位及类型上诊断结果与手术结果对照。结果:CT在关节面增生、关节面平整度、关节间隙变窄或真空征、小关节突骨质、关节脱位、关节突骨折及黄韧带钙化等显示优于X线平片和MRI;MRI在关节面下软骨退变、关节囊肿胀、滑膜囊肿及滑膜囊疝等显示明显优于X线平片和CT;X线平片在小关节突增生、肥大、变尖、骨赘形成及关节间隙变窄方面有一定的价值。X线平片、CT、MRI在椎体滑脱程度、部位上具有较好的一致性,在类型判定上CT明显优于X线平片和MRI。结论:影像学检查在腰椎小关节退变损伤的诊断上各有其优缺点,应结合临床症状及体征合理选择检查方法,为临床诊断提供准确的影像信息和最佳的治疗方案。 相似文献
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邱其良 《CT理论与应用研究》2009,18(2):92-98
目的：分析腰腿痛的病因,探讨影像学检查对腰腿痛病因诊断的作用。方法：对198例腰腿痛病例的影像学资料进行回顾性分析。结果：X线平片显示腰腿痛病因阳性率为89．4％;CT诊断阳性率为96．7％,其中腰椎间盘突出症144例;在X线及CT诊断阴性结果25例中,MRI诊断椎管内肿瘤2例,转移瘤3例,早期强直性脊柱炎8例。结论：腰腿痛病因复杂,腰椎间盘突出为最常见的病因,X线平片可以作为必不可少的筛选方法,MRI应作为首选的方法,特别是对椎管肿瘤的病例,在条件不许可情况下,CT可以替代MRI进行检查,CT扫描对腰椎间盘突出症有较高的诊断价值。 相似文献
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CT对隐性骨折的诊断价值 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
目的：探讨ＣＴ对隐性骨折的诊断价值。方法：回顾性分析８４例隐性骨折患者,其中男６４例,女２０例,年龄７￣７３岁,平均４２．６岁。所有患者均行轴位或冠状位ＣＴ扫描。结果：扫描发现脊柱骨折２８例,髋臼骨折８例,胫骨平台骨折１１例,眶骨骨折１２例,颞骨骨折１３例。肩胛骨骨折１２例。结论：ＣＴ对隐性骨折的诊断具有极大价值,对于高度怀疑骨折而Ｘ线片未显示骨折征象的患者应进一步给予ＣＴ扫描检查。 相似文献
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目的:探讨64排螺旋CT对胫骨平台隐匿性骨折的诊断价值及临床意义。方法:收集2008年1月至2011年12月连续21例门急诊下肢外伤后普通X线平片表现为阴性及可疑骨折,64排螺旋CT检查确诊为胫骨平台骨折患者影像资料,并重新采用多层面重建(MPR);容积显示(VR)和最大灰度重建(MIP)等多种后处理技术进行回顾性分析。结果:MDCT3D共显示SchatzkerⅠ型10例;Ⅱd型4例;Ⅲ3例;Ⅳ型2例;Ⅳ型1例和Ⅴ型1例。结论:64排螺旋CT联合应用多种重建技术对胫骨平台隐匿性骨折的评价是可靠和准确的。可以准确评估21例胫骨平台骨折的部位、类型、程度及并发症等。明显提高了诊断准确性,避免了普通平片对胫骨平台隐匿性骨折的漏诊及误诊。可为临床采取及时有效的治疗提供更准确、更丰富的诊断信息。 相似文献
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《国际泥沙研究》2014,(4)
正Director:Shangfu Kuang,China Vice-directors:Chunhong Hu,China Duihu Ning,China Guangquan Liu,China The International Research and Training Center on Erosion and Sedimentation(IRTCES)was jointly set up by the Government of China and UNESCO on July 21,1984.It aims at the promotion of international exchange of knowledge and cooperation in the studies of erosion and 相似文献
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《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2014,(3)
正SCIENCE CHINA Earth Sciences,an academic journal cosponsored by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the National Natural Science Foundation of China,and published by Science China Press and Springer,is committed to publishing high-quality,original results in both basic and applied research. 相似文献
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Richard D. Hey 《地球表面变化过程与地形》1979,4(1):59-72
Feedback mechanisms, which operate upstream through drawdown and backwater effects and downstream through sediment discharge are responsible for channel evolution. By combining these mechanisms with channel processes it euables a dynamic process-response model to be developed to simulate the initial evolution of straight gravel-bed channels. When erosion commences on a land surface, sediment entrained in the headwater reach by hydraulic action is selectively transported, deposited and reworked. This produces a damped oscillation between degradation and aggradation as the channel and valley respond to spatial and temporal variations in sediment calibre and hydraulic conditions. The initial cut and fill phases are responsible for valley incision and floodplain development while secondary and subsequent activity can produce river terraces. Eventually sediment entrainment in the headwaters declines as slopes are reduced. Subsequent channel evolution is relatively insignificant because it is dependent on local weathering activity producing material that can be transported on declining slopes. Therefore landforms produced during the initial phase of development, when local weathering was non-limiting, dominate the landscape. 相似文献
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Based on relocating the Jiujiang-Ruichang earthquake sequence which occurred on November 26, 2005 in Jiangxi Province with the double-difference （DD） algorithm and master event technique, the paper discusses the focal mechanism of the main shock （MsS.7） and the probable seismo-tectonics. The precise relocation results indicate that the average horizontal error is 0.31kin in a EW direction and 0.40kin in a NS direction, and the average depth error is 0.48kin. The focal depths vary from 8kin to 14kin, with the predominant distribution at 10kin - 12kin. The epicenter of the main shock is relocated to be 29.69^oN, 115.74^oE and the focal depth is about 10.Skin. Combining the predominant distribution of the earthquake sequence, the focal mechanism of the main shock and the tectonic conditions of N-E- and NW-strike faults growth in the seismic region, we infer that the main shock of the earthquake sequence was caused by a NW striking buried fault in the Rnichang basin. The nature of seismic faults needs to be further explored. 相似文献
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《水文科学杂志》2013,58(6)
Abstract The western reservoirs represent the principal groundwater system in Morocco. Demographic, industrial and agricultural developments during the last decade have markedly altered groundwater quality. The Mamora coastal aquifer system is among the Atlantic systems which are most heavily threatened by pollution. Agricultural and industrial activities, and rapid urban growth contribute to the pollution of the groundwater. Contamination transport is facilitated by a high permeability of the aquifer formations. In order to assess the actual groundwater quality of the Mamora aquifer and to understand the influence of the factors generating the pollution, an extensive multidisciplinary research programme is in progress, with hydrochemistry and microbiology playing essential roles. The present paper concerns the spatial distribution of physico-chemical parameters in the groundwater, subjected to domestic, industrial and agricultural pollution. Fifty-seven samples were analysed for several parameters (Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, Cl?, SO4 2?, HCO3 ?, NO3 ?, pH, electrical conductivity and temperature). The microbiological analysis of 143 samples reveals the presence of four kinds of indicator bacteria in the groundwater resources: faecal Streptococci, faecal coliform, Escherichia coli and Clostridium. The physico-chemical results and bacteriological monitoring show that the nitrate and bacteria concentrations exceed the maximum admissible levels, notably around pumping stations in the sectors of Sidi Taibi, Sidi Ahmed Taleb and Aïn Sbaâ. Contamination is generated by uncontrolled anthropogenic activities and accentuated by the high intrinsic vulnerability of the aquifer system. Several parameters appeared to exceed admissibility standards. Measures are recommended to prevent groundwater pollution in the region. 相似文献
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《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2014,(12)
正SCIENCE CHINA Earth Sciences,an academic journal cosponsored by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the National Natural Science Foundation of China,and published by Science China Press and Springer,is committed to publishing high-quality,original results in both basic and applied research. 相似文献