共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 109 毫秒
1.
采用第五代地震动参数区划图的潜在震源区划分方案并结合Newmark位移模型，基于陇县工程地质岩性特征及地形高程数据，考虑地震动地形放大效应以及Newmark模型参数的不确定性，得出陕西陇县地区的地震动发生率为50年10%水平下滑坡的失稳概率，根据所得结果将研究区的潜在地震滑坡危险程度分为四个等级：极低危险区、低危险区、中危险区、高危险区。中、高危险区主要集中于陇县地区的泥岩、粉砂岩以及黄土覆盖地且斜坡坡度大于40°的地区，其中千河及其通关河两岸部分地区的地震滑坡危险性较高。本文结果可为该地区的地震滑坡风险管理和土地规划提供参考。 相似文献
2.
地震诱发滑坡的危险性分析与预测 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
结合地震滑坡的特点和相关文献研究,介绍了地震力的分析方法、地震滑坡的机理、地震危险性分析的方法、地震活动性参数的确定方法以及场点地震危险性概率计算原则。将两种地震诱发滑坡预测结果进行对比,分析结果表明,地震滑坡危险区主要集中在中国西部地区（川、滇、甘、陕、新疆等省区）及中国台湾地区,随预测年限的增加场地的地震滑坡危险性也随之增高,地震崩塌滑坡的危险区域明显加大。 相似文献
3.
利用GIS技术详细研究汶川地震在甘肃省陇南市武都区和文县触发的滑坡地质灾害的分布规律及其与地震烈度、地形坡度、断层、高程、地层岩性的相关关系，采用基于GIS的加权信息量模型的崩塌滑坡危险性评价方法，对研究区的地震滑坡危险性进行学科分析。结果表明：极高危险区在高程上主要分布在集水高程区，高度危险区主要沿白水江、白龙江等主干河流两侧极高易发区的边界向两侧扩展，轻度和极轻度危险区面积占比较小，主要分布在低烈度、活动断裂不发育、人类活动微弱的高海拔地区，另外国道G215沿极高危险性区域分布明显；利用危险性等级分区结果统计人口公里格网数据，得到武都区和文县潜在影响人口，发现研究区约78万人将受到地震滑坡灾害的潜在影响。 相似文献
4.
Newmark方法在芦山地震诱发滑坡分布预测研究中的应用 总被引：9，自引：2，他引：7
对于地震滑坡灾害而言,进行地震滑坡危险区划是降低损失的有效手段之一.因此,地震滑坡危险性预测方法的研究成为这一领域的热点.2013年4月20日芦山地震诱发了大量的滑坡崩塌,造成了严重的人员伤亡和社会经济财产损失.文中通过对地震灾区震后航片、遥感影像等的解译,初步获得此次地震诱发滑坡的分布概况.在芦山地震灾区的地形和岩性分析的基础上,基于Newmark物理平衡模型,对该区的潜在地震滑坡危险区进行了分析预测,通过对比本研究获得的潜在滑坡区域预测结果与解译的滑坡分布情况,表明Newmark模型是一种有效的地震诱发滑坡预测分析方法.进一步探讨了不同滑坡影响范围估算方法的差异,认为震级与产生滑坡最远距离之间的关系是一种较好的估算方法. 相似文献
5.
汶川地震触发了极为严重的滑坡灾害,北川县是本次地震受地震滑坡灾害影响最为严重的地区之一,其中的王家岩、唐家山滑坡分别是本次地震造成人员伤亡最多和危险性最高的滑坡.本文利用在龙门山地区获得多组主震数据资料对震时北川县城的震动情况及滑坡破坏情况进行了定量计算和论证. 相似文献
6.
滑坡是一种破坏性非常强的地质灾害,其中地震与降雨均为诱导滑坡发生的关键因素。从降雨期间发生地震的角度考虑,基于Green-Ampt降雨入渗模型对Newmark模型进行改进,推导两因素耦合作用下的边坡安全系数FS。以云南省鲁甸县某一区域为例,分别开展无降雨、降雨无积水与降雨积水三种情况下的地震滑坡危险性预测及坡度与入渗深度因子对位移影响分析。通过比较上述三种情况,得到研究区域内的Newmark累积位移分布及危险性区划。结果表明：与未降雨情况相比,后两种情况下地震滑坡高危险程度区域面积占比计算区域随着降雨时间的增加从1%分别提高至9%、12%,滑坡低危险程度区域面积从51%分别降低至35%、33%;坡度值与入渗深度值越大,滑坡位移越大,危险性越高。Newmark改进模型充分考虑了降雨对地震滑坡产生的促进作用,能更好地反映出研究区每个场点相对的滑坡危险性,对滑坡危险性预测具有一定指导意义。 相似文献
7.
本文以天水地区为研究区,结合地震潜在震源区模型和Newmark位移预测方程,采用概率地震危险性分析方法,计算了该地区50年超越概率10%水平下的Newmark位移。同时,根据天水地区50年超越概率10%下的阿里亚斯烈度,并结合Newmark位移与阿里亚斯烈度的关系式,计算了天水地区在遭受50年超越概率10%下的阿里亚斯烈度影响时,潜在滑坡体产生的Newmark位移分布。通过比较上述两种方法得到的天水地区不同Newmark位移的分布特征,本文认为二者虽然存在较大差异,但其空间分布特征均能反映天水地区每个场点处的相对滑坡危险性。对滑坡危险性水平进行分区的结果显示,天水地区60%以上的区域具有高地震滑坡危险性,50%以上的区域具有甚高地震滑坡危险性。本文的研究结果可以作为天水地区地震危险性及风险评估的参考资料,也可以作为天水地区城市规划、土地使用规划、地震应急准备以及其它公共政策制定的参考资料。 相似文献
8.
本文以天水地区为研究区，结合地震潜在震源区模型和Newmark位移预测方程，采用概率地震危险性分析方法，计算了该地区50年超越概率10%水平下的Newmark位移。同时，根据天水地区50年超越概率10%下的阿里亚斯烈度，并结合Newmark位移与阿里亚斯烈度的关系式，计算了天水地区在遭受50年超越概率10%下的阿里亚斯烈度影响时，潜在滑坡体产生的Newmark位移分布。通过比较上述两种方法得到的天水地区不同Newmark位移的分布特征，本文认为二者虽然存在较大差异，但其空间分布特征均能反映天水地区每个场点处的相对滑坡危险性。对滑坡危险性水平进行分区的结果显示，天水地区60%以上的区域具有高地震滑坡危险性，50%以上的区域具有甚高地震滑坡危险性。本文的研究结果可以作为天水地区地震危险性及风险评估的参考资料，也可以作为天水地区城市规划、土地使用规划、地震应急准备以及其它公共政策制定的参考资料。 相似文献
9.
本文基于对我国华北地区地震活动在时间和空间不均匀分布的认识,吸收了近20年来地震预测方面的科研成果,采用目前国际通用的地震危险性概率分析方法,通过对华北区划的试验,对地震区划的原则和方法提出了如下改进: 1.以地震带作为地震活动性参数的统计单元.引入地震活动趋势估计因素,评定表征地震活动水平的年平均发生率,以使区划结果同预测未来时间段地震活动水平相适应; 2.采用按震级挡次分配各潜在震源区的年平均发生率,可以合理地评估高震级地震的危险程度; 3.采用以震级挡次为条件概率的空间分布函数,刻画地震带内各潜在震源区之间发生相应震级挡次地震的相对危险程度,使区划结果更好地反映地震活动在时间和空间上不均匀性分布的特点; 4.在地震危险性分析计算中,引入了方向性函数项,使得分析模型更接近我国地震震源的实际情况. 相似文献
10.
本文选取华北地震区作为研究区域,尝试利用空间光滑活动模型进行地震危险性评估.首先对研究区域进行划分网格,依据地震构造和地震空间分布特征建立地震构造模型,确定构造区特征参数(b值、M0、Mu、断层方位角及M-L关系等).采用考虑了地震构造背景的椭圆光滑过程的地震活动参数模型,计算各网格点的地震发生率.并利用网格源的地震危险性概率评价方法,由不同输入地震目录通过综合加权得到该区域50年超越概率10％的加速度峰值区划结果.该方法充分体现了地震活动的空间非均一性,尤其适用于发震构造不甚清晰的中强地震可能造成的地震危险性,避免了常规潜在震源区的划分.且评价方法简单快捷,为地震区划以及重大工程地震安全性评价工作提供了新的技术方法. 相似文献
11.
Analysis of landslide damage caused by the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake using strong motion data: A case study in the Beichuan county town 
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下载免费PDF全文 The county town of Beichuan county, China, experienced catastrophic destruction due to landslides induce by the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake. In consideration of the special location of the county town, this paper selected the landslides induced in the town as representative of large-scale near-rupture landslides, and quantitatively analyzed why the landslide damage was so destructive in the town by using strong motion data obtained from the Wenchuan earthquake in the Longmenshan area. Three methods were employed to estimate the landslide damage using strong motion data. (1) Peak ground accelerations (PGAs) on the hanging wall were used to evaluate the PGAs on the landslide sites in the town. The evaluated average PGAs were all greater than 1 g, indicating that the ground motion intensity was very strong during the earthquake. (2) Acceleration time histories, from another station with similar geological conditions to the town, were used to evaluate the critical acceleration changing range, and the estimated values showed the geological conditions were very susceptible to earthquakes. (3) Acceleration time histories, from two stations on the hanging and foot walls of the rupture, and near the town, were used to calculate the Newmark displacements, and all the evaluated displacements indicated that landslides were very likely. The results show that the slopes, susceptible to earthquakes in the Beichuan county town, were easily triggered under such strong ground-motion intensity and developed into large-scale catastrophic events. 相似文献
12.
A complete landslide inventory and attribute database is the importantly fundamental for the study of the earthquake-induced landslide. Substantial landslides were triggered by the MW7.9 Wenchuan earthquake on May 12th, 2008. Google Earth images of pre- and post-earthquakes show that 52 194 co-seismic landslides were recognized and mapped, with a total landslides area of 1 021 km2.Based on the statistics,we assigned all landslide parameters and established the co-seismic landslides database, which includes area, length, and width of landslides, elevation of the scarp top and foot edge, and the top and bottom elevations of each located slope. Finally, the spatial distribution and the above attribute parameters of landslides were analyzed. The results show that the spatial distribution of the co-seismic landslides is extremely uneven. The landslides that mainly occur in a rectangular area (a width of 30 km of the hanging wall of the Yingxiu-Beichuan fault and a length of 120 km between Yingxiu and Beichuan) are obviously controlled by surface rupture, terrain, and peak ground acceleration. Meanwhile, a large number of small landslides (individual landslide area less than 10 000 m2)contribute less to the total landslides area. The number of landslides larger than 10 000 m2 accounts for 38.7% of the total number of co-seismic landslides, while the area of those landslides account for 88% of the total landslides area. The 52 194 co-seismic landslides are caused by bedrock collapse that usually consists of three parts:source area, transport area, and accumulation area. However, based on the area-volume power-law relationship, the resulting regional landslide volume may be much larger than the true landslide volume if the landslide volume is calculated using the influenced area from each landslide. 相似文献
13.
地震应急中诱发滑坡灾害致灾距离快速评估方法研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
地震诱发滑坡灾害在我国分布很广,尤以西部山区为重.地震滑坡不仅会造成巨大的经济损失和众多的人员伤亡,还会对震后应急救援方案的制定、救援路线的选择造成重大影响.为此,本文对建国以来300多个震例进行了分析研究,结合地震应急快速评估的实际工作需求,给出了在不同工作阶段进行地震诱发滑坡致灾距离评估的3种方法,并将本研究结果同其他研究结果进行分析比较,认为本研究所得结果比较适合于实际的应急灾害快速评估工作. 相似文献
14.
本文以汶川地震滑坡震害为例, 设计一种方法, 对几个反映不同地震动特性的地震动参数与地震滑坡灾害的相关性进行了分析比较.结果表明: Arias强度参数与地表破坏的相关性最好, 该参数比较适合小区域范围的震害预测评估; 峰值加速度与地表破坏的相关性较好, 但更适合作为较大区域的震害评估参数; 与持时和频率有关的参数对于具体场地的震害机理分析具有辅助作用; 垂向地震动对滑坡震害的作用不容忽视. 本文结论对于其它震害相关研究中评估因子的选取具有参考意义. 相似文献
15.
On August 3, 2014, an MW6.5 earthquake occurred in Ludian County, Yunnan Province, which triggered significant landslides and caused serious ground damages and casualties. Compared with the existing events of earthquake-triggered landslides, the spatial distribution of co-seismic landslides during the Ludian earthquake showed a special pattern. The relationship between the co-seismic landslides and the epicenter or the known faults is not obvious, and the maximum landslide density doesn't appear in the area near the epicenter. Peak ground acceleration (PGA), which usually is used to judge the limit boundary of co-seismic landslide distribution, cannot explain this distribution pattern. Instead of correlating geological and topographic factors with the co-seismic landslide distribution pattern, this study focuses on analyzing the influence of seismic landslide susceptibility on the co-seismic distribution. Seismic landslide susceptibility comes from a calculation of critical acceleration values using a simplified Newmark block model analysis and represents slope stability under seismic loading. Both DEM (SRTM 90m)and geological map (1 ︰ 200￣￣000)are used as inputs to calculate critical acceleration values. Results show that the most susceptible slopes with the smallest critical accelerations are generally concentrated along the banks of rivers. The stable slopes, which have the larger critical accelerations and are comparably stable, are in the places adjacent to the epicenter. Comparison of the distribution of slope stability and the real landslides triggered by the 2014 MW6.1 Ludian earthquake shows a good spatial correlation, meaning seismic landslide susceptibility controls the co-seismic landslide distributions to a certain degree. Moreover, our study provides a plausible explanation on the special distribution pattern of Ludian earthquake triggered landslides. Also the paper discusses the advantages of using the seismic landslide susceptibility as a basic map, which will offer an additional tool that can be used to assist in post-disaster response activities as well as seismic landslides hazards zonation. 相似文献
16.
地震次生崩滑是震后较长时间内严重危害人们生活的地质灾害之一, 对其展开危险性评价具有重要意义。 本文选取2008年汶川地震的重灾区汶川县为研究区, 基于遥感数据, 利用GIS技术手段, 结合研究区地质环境背景进行地震次生崩滑危险性评价。 选取逻辑回归模型, 将研究区划分为不危险、 轻微危险、 较危险、 危险和极危险5个等级, 实现了基于Logistic模型的区域内地震次生崩滑地质环境危险性评价。 相似文献
17.
Rigid sliding block analysis is a common analytical procedure used to predict the potential for earthquake-induced landslides
for natural slopes. Currently, predictive models provide the expected level of displacement as a function of the characteristics
of the slope (e.g., geometry, strength, yield acceleration) and the characteristics of earthquake shaking (e.g., peak ground
acceleration, peak ground velocity). These predictive models are used for developing seismic landslide hazard maps which identify
zones with risk of earthquake-induced landslides. Alternatively, these models can be combined with Shakemaps to generate “near-real-time”
Slidemaps which could be used, among others, as a tool in disaster management. Shakemaps (a publicly available free service
of the United States Geological Survey, USGS) provide near-real-time ground motion conditions during the time of an earthquake
event. The ground motion parameters provided by a Shakemap are very useful for the development of Slidemaps. By providing
ground motion parameters from an actual earthquake event, Shakemaps also serve as a tool to decouple the uncertainty of the
ground motion in sliding displacements prediction. Campania region in Italy is studied for assessing the applicability of
using Shakemaps for regional landslide-risk assessment. This region is selected based on the availability of soil shear strength
parameters and the proximity to the 1980 Irpina (M
w
= 6.9) Earthquake. 相似文献
18.
Dynamic mechanisms of earthquake-triggered landslides 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
Earthquake-triggered landslides usually cause great disasters,and yet their dynamic mechanisms remain poorly understood.This paper will derive a general conceptual landslide model from the geometric and kinematic features of the most landslide masses triggered by the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake.Kinematic characteristics and dynamic processes are simulated here by means of finite element method(FEM)based on the dynamic process of the discontinuous deformable body.The calculated results presented the whole course of landslide motion,and displayed some typical kinematic characteristics such as initiation,sliding,ejection,collision,flying in the air,and climbing of landslides.The simulation result also shows that,under combined seismic inertial forces and gravity,landslides will start to slip once it overcomes the friction between the sliding mass and slip-bed,then it will move from slow to fast along the slippery bed until it ejects from the slip-bed.Moreover,the high frequencies and serious damages by landslides in the Wenchuan earthquake are caused by the strong ground motion on the mountain slopes in and around the epicenter that was dramatically amplified owing to both resonances produced by the seismic event and topographical amplification by seismic motion.In addition,the modeling results suggest that the direction,amplitude,frequency,and duration of strong ground motion have a great influence on the stability of landslide mass.Therefore,the study helps us better understand dynamic mechanism of landslides,seismic hazard assessment,and dynamic earthquake triggering. 相似文献