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1.
杨税务潜山位于廊固凹陷北部,为一呈北东向展布多断块构成的潜山带,油气资源丰富,由于其埋藏深、裂缝-孔隙-岩溶储层交织,各向异性、非均质性较强,使得有效储层难以分辨识别、油藏分布复杂,选点部井较难.本文在充分分析沉积储层特征及油藏主控因素等基础上,选择有利岩性储层发育段,利用叠前逆时偏移和井控拓频等技术,进行高分辨率及内幕信息丰富剖面处理;利用叠前方位道集属性、分频相干和体曲率属性等技术方法,进行裂缝+孔洞复合型储层识别预测;利用AVO属性及地震频率梯度等组合技术进行储层含油气检测,实现了研究区有效储层油气甜点分布预测,其预测成果有效指导了安探1X、安探3X等工业油流井的部署,实践证明,该套组合技术方法简单、有效实用,适用于深潜山及内幕的有效储层地震预测,对类似区带或构造的有效储层地震预测具有指导意义. 相似文献
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鄂尔多斯盆地北部上古生界陆相致密碎屑岩隐蔽气藏具有低孔、低渗、致密、薄互层、多层叠置和非均质性强的特点.其勘探开发一直是世界性难题.针对该区储层特点，展开了以三维地震为核心的储层综合地球物理预测技术研究，开发应用了储层岩石物理分析、地震属性优化、随机模拟反演、地震吸收衰减、地震频谱分析、地震波正演模拟、地震相划分和AVO等多项技术，形成了一整套适合该地区油气地质特征的方法技术系列，有效提高了储层预测的精度，提高了勘探开发井位部署的成功率. 相似文献
3.
东营凹陷沙三、沙四沉积时期，发育了大量不同时期的砂砾岩体，它们是非常规油气勘探中重要的储层类型。由于砂砾岩体具有纵向厚度变化大、横向展布不均匀、岩相变化快等特点，在地震属性分析与厚度预测时，用单一属性对储层厚度描述具有很大的不确定性。为此，提取了多种地震属性，采用主成分分析法（PCA）进行优化、去除冗余信息。考虑到随机森林（RF）具有预测精度高、对异常值容忍性强、训练速度快且不易过拟合等特点，引入该方法对砂砾岩储层厚度进行预测。针对属性自相似问题，PCA采用了两种方法:①直接对全部属性做降维处理，提取主成分进行预测（PCA-RF1）；②先对相似属性做降维处理，再组合其他属性进行预测（PCA-RF2）。原始RF、PCA-RF1、PCA-RF2方法还与人工神经网络方法（ANN）进行了效果对比，结果表明，基于相似属性降维处理的PCA-RF2方法，具有最佳应用效果。 相似文献
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因为地震数据的三维空间分布优势，地震属性已经被广泛应用于含油气性预测、储层厚度预测、孔隙度预测等。但也存在地震属性之间信息冗余、属性与储层物性参数关系模糊的问题。针对这两个问题，将模糊粗糙理论和机器学习引入到储层参数预测中来。通过模糊粗糙集理论对地震属性进行约简，去除冗余信息，得到最优化的地震属性组合；将约简后的属性作为机器学习的输入，实现从地震属性到储层物性参数的非线性映射。该方法既保留了地震属性中有效信息，又避免了因输入变量过多而导致的网络模型训练困难。实际数据应用表明，属性约简的机器学习预测结果分辨率更高，并与数据吻合更好。 相似文献
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有机并有效利用纵波与转换横波在油气储层敏感度上存在的差异，有助于突出地震油气储层特征，有助于提高地震油气储层分布边界刻画的精度.基于此，本文设计了一种卷积神经网络与支持向量机方法相结合的多波地震油气储层分布预测的深度学习法（Deep Learning Method）.首先，利用莱特准则剔除所生成的多波地震属性中可能存在的异常值降低网络变体数量.然后，通过能突出多波地震油气储层特征的聚类算法和无监督学习算法构建隐藏层，用于增加网络共享，提取油气特征.最后，将增加网络罚值后的井点样本作为支持向量机预测的输入样本，以降采样后的C3卷积层属性作为学习集，进行从已知到未知的地震油气储层的预测.本方案应用于HG地区晚三叠统HGR组的碳酸盐岩油气储层预测，所预测的地震油气储层边界更加清晰，预测结果与实际情况基本吻合.应用结果表明：本论文方案不仅具有可行性，且具有有效性. 相似文献
7.
介绍了地震属性分类及地质含义,并以彩16井区为例优选出对储层含油气性敏感的地震属性参数，建立它们与含油气性的关系，利用单属性及多属性聚类分析评价了目的层的储层质量，并进行了有利储层预测，并指出下一步的有利勘探目标. 相似文献
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随着油气勘探开发的不断发展,利用地震属性进行储层预测的方法得到了广泛的应用,并且在生产中取得了较好的效果.本文采用的谱分解和地震多属性联合的方法进行储层厚度预测,克服了单一属性分析存在的多解性和多属性分析在断层处预测不准确的问题,以及仅利用谱分解方法时,由于其预测基础的限制,部分复杂地区对砂体厚度的预测效果存在一定误差这一问题,可以较为准确地预测出目的层的储层厚度,同时,在传统地震分析中非常难发现的地质信息,谱分解之后比较容易发现,有助于进一步解释.实际地震资料结合井信息和分层数据的标定,对储层厚度的预测进行了较为详细的研究.研究结果表明,此方法在原理和实际应用上都是可行的,提出了一种储层厚度预测的新方法. 相似文献
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《应用地球物理》2016,(1)
裂缝预测在致密油气、煤层气、页岩气等非常规油气勘探中起着十分重要的作用。本文将裂缝分成大(大于1/4波长)、中(1/4~1/100波长)、小(远小于1/100波长)三种尺度类型开展综合预测研究。基于多尺度岩石物理正演模拟技术,分析区分中等尺度裂缝的叠前方位各向异性敏感属性,结合地质、测井和地震属性大尺度裂缝预测方法和岩心薄片观测小尺度裂缝预测,形成了一套综合地质岩心信息、成像测井解释和地震信息的多尺度裂缝综合预测方法。该方法通过岩心裂缝描述和成像测井解释,分析得到裂缝发育控制因素,再通过应力场构造模拟,完成区域性大尺度裂缝发育控制因素研究。利用叠后几何类属性进行大尺度裂缝预测,结合叠前衰减属性进行中等尺度裂缝预测,以及岩性统计学反演和断层叠合结果,验证中等尺度裂缝与岩性、断层的对应关系,明确了中尺度裂缝成因。通过岩心电镜扫描,分析小裂缝发育状况,最后综合三类裂缝研究成果分析储层裂缝发育状况。通过对某实际工区灰岩储层的裂缝发育情况进行综合预测研究,结果表明文中提出的多尺度裂缝预测基础理论方法和多尺度裂缝预测技术流程,能够较好地解决裂缝预测的强非均质性、多尺度问题,综合地质、测井和地震多信息裂缝多尺度预测技术能够实现裂缝性油气藏的储层描述和甜点预测。 相似文献
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Z. X. Xu K. Ito S. Liao L. Wang 《Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (SERRA)》1997,11(5):433-448
An attempt of using stochastic hydrologic technique to assess the intrinsic risk of reservoir operation is made in this study.
A stochastic simulation model for reservoir operation is developed. The model consists of three components: synthetic generation
model for streamflow and sediment sequences, one-dimensional delta deposit model for sediment transport processes in reservoirs,
and simulation model for reservoir operation. This kind of integrated simulation model can be used to simulate not only the
inflow uncertainty of streamflow and sedimentation, but also the variation in operation rules of reservoirs. It is herein
used for the risk assessment of a reservoir, and the simulation is performed for different operation scenarios. Simulation
for the 100-year period of sediment transport and deposition in the river-reservoir system indicates that the navigation risk
is much higher than that of hydropower generation or sediment deposition in the reservoir. The risk of sediment deposition
at the river-section near the backwater profile is also high thereby the navigation at the river-segment near this profile
takes high risk because of inadequate navigation depth. 相似文献
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随着油气田开发难度的加大和技术的进步,储层随机建模技术已经成为储层表征的主要手段.基于地质统计学理论的认识,并结合模拟退火算法,本文研究了退火随机模拟储层地质模型,其结果表明该方法是一种易理解、易实现、较灵活、适应性强、较实用的算法.应用该方法可以建立渗透率、孔隙度、含油饱和度,以及波阻抗等参数的空间分布模型,这些模型很好的保持了已知数据所反映的储层空间特征,并真实地展现了各种参数在储层内的分布,为油气田储层预测和开发提供依据. 相似文献
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S. G. Fletcher K. Ponnambalam 《Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (SERRA)》1996,10(3):167-186
A new formulation is presented for the analysis of reservoir systems synthesizing concepts from the traditional stochastic theory of reservoir storage, moments analysis and reliability programming. The analysis is based on the development of the first and second moments for the stochastic storage state variable. These expressions include terms for the failure probabilities (probabilities of spill or deficit) and consider the storage bounds explicitly. Using this analysis, expected values of the storage state, variances of storage, optimal release policies and failure probabilities — useful information in the context of reservoir operations and design, can be obtained from a nonlinear programming solution. The solutions developed from studies of single reservoir operations on both an annual and monthly basis, compare favorably with those obtained from simulation. The presentation herein is directed to both traditional reservoir storage theorists who are interested in the design of a reservoir and modern reservoir analysts who are interested in the long term operation of reservoirs. 相似文献
14.
虽然基于地质统计学的随机反演方法能够有效融合测井资料中的高频信息,但计算效率低,占用内存大,限制了它在实际资料中的应用.本文在保留传统随机反演方法优点的基础上,创造性地引入傅里叶滑动平均(Fast Fourier Transform-Moving Average,FFT-MA)谱模拟进行频率域的地质统计模拟,并利用逐步变形算法(Gradual Deformation Method,GDM)确保模拟结果与实际地震数据的匹配,构建了基于FFT-MA谱模拟的新的快速随机反演方法.与常规随机反演相比,新方法不仅分辨率高,而且能够使反演解得到快速收敛,有效提高计算效率,减少内存占用.模型试算获得了与理论模型吻合度较好的高分辨率反演结果.实际资料分析也表明新方法所得到的高分辨率反演结果能够对薄互储层进行良好的展示,为薄储层的识别提供高效可靠的技术支持. 相似文献
15.
Traditional stochastic reservoir modeling, including object-based and pixel-based methods, cannot solve the problem of reproducing continuous and curvilinear reservoir objects. The paper first dives into the various stochastic modeling methods and extracts their merits, then proposes the skeleton-based multiple point geostatistics (SMPS) for the fluvial reservoir. The core idea is using the skeletons of reservoir objects to restrict the selection of data patterns. The skeleton-based multiple point geostatistics consists of two steps. First, predicting the channel skeleton (namely, channel centerline) by using the method in object-based modeling. The paper proposes a new method of search window to predict the skeleton. Then forecasting the distributions of reservoir objects using multiple point geostatistics with the restriction of channel skeleton. By the restriction of channel centerline, the selection of data events will be more reasonable and the realization will be achieved more really. The checks by the conceptual model and the real reservoir show that SMPS is much better than Sisim (sequential indicator simulation), Snesim (Single Normal Equation Simulation) and Simpat (simulation with patterns) in building the fluvial reservoir model. This new method will contribute to both the theoretical research of stochastic modeling and the oilfield developments of constructing highly precise reservoir geological models.
相似文献16.
《Advances in water resources》2007,30(4):866-882
In this paper, optimal operating rules for water quality management in reservoir–river systems are developed using a methodology combining a water quality simulation model and a stochastic GA-based conflict resolution technique. As different decision-makers and stakeholders are involved in the water quality management in reservoir–river systems, a new stochastic form of the Nash bargaining theory is used to resolve the existing conflict of interests related to water supply to different demands, allocated water quality and waste load allocation in downstream river. The expected value of the Nash product is considered as the objective function of the model which can incorporate the inherent uncertainty of reservoir inflow. A water quality simulation model is also developed to simulate the thermal stratification cycle in the reservoir, the quality of releases from different outlets as well as the temporal and spatial variation of the pollutants in the downstream river. In this study, a Varying Chromosome Length Genetic Algorithm (VLGA), which has computational advantages comparing to other alternative models, is used. VLGA provides a good initial solution for Simple Genetic Algorithms and comparing to Stochastic Dynamic Programming (SDP) reduces the number of state transitions checked in each stage. The proposed model, which is called Stochastic Varying Chromosome Length Genetic Algorithm with water Quality constraints (SVLGAQ), is applied to the Ghomrud Reservoir–River system in the central part of Iran. The results show, the proposed model for reservoir operation and waste load allocation can reduce the salinity of the allocated water demands as well as the salinity build-up in the reservoir. 相似文献
17.
Stochastic dynamic game models can be applied to derive optimal reservoir operation policies by considering interactions among water users and reservoir operator, their preferences, their levels of information availability and cooperative behaviors. The stochastic dynamic game model with perfect information (PSDNG) has been developed by [Ganji A, Khalili D, Karamouz M. Development of stochastic dynamic Nash game model for reservoir operation. I. The symmetric stochastic model with perfect information. Adv Water Resour, this issue]. This paper develops four additional versions of stochastic dynamic game model of water users interactions based on the cooperative behavior and hydrologic information availability of beneficiary sectors of reservoir systems. It is shown that the proposed models are quite capable of providing appropriate reservoir operating policies when compared with alternative operating models, as indicated by several reservoir performance characteristics. Among the proposed models, the selected model by considering cooperative behavior and additional hydrologic information (about the randomness nature of reservoir operation parameters), as exercised by reservoir operator, provides the highest attained level of performance and efficiency. Furthermore, the selected model is more realistic since it also considers actual behavior of water users and reservoir operator in the analysis. 相似文献
18.
By taking advantage of the close relationship between quality and quantity of water, we investigated the potential improvements of the in-reservoir water quality through the optimization of reservoir operational strategies. However, the few available techniques for optimization of reservoir operational strategies present some limitations, such as restrictions on the number of state/decision variables, the impossibility considering stochastic characteristics and difficulties for considering simulation/prediction models. One technique which presents great potential for overcoming some of these limitations is applied here and investigated for the first time in such complex system. The method, named stochastic fuzzy neural network (SFNN), can be defined as a fuzzy neural network (FNN) model stochastically trained by a genetic algorithm (GA) based model to yield a quasi optimal solution. The term “stochastically trained” refers to the introduction of a new loop within the training process which accounts for the stochastic variable of the system and its probabilities of occurrence. The SFNN was successfully applied to the optimization of the monthly operational strategies considering maximum water utilization and improvements on water quality simultaneous. Results showed the potential improvements on the water quality through means of hydraulic control. 相似文献
19.
常规的储层建模以井数据为基础,建立孔隙度、渗透率和含油饱和度等储层属性参数模型,并通过油田开发生产数据进行拟合,得到最佳地质模型.在南海西北部深水区无井控制的情况下,针对中央峡谷浊积水道储层,采用确定性建模与连续型随机建模相结合的方法,建立碎屑岩储层地震地质模型,应用地震正演模拟和相似性分析方法,确定浊积水道砂体最佳模拟参数.文章首先分析了碎屑岩储层特征,应用连续型随机建模的方法模拟储层空间分布.然后分析实际地震、地质资料,应用层序地层学思想,对研究区划分沉积体系域,建立层序地层格架;基于波阻抗和多种地震属性,采用人机交互的方法对浊积水道储层框架结构进行精细解释,建立储层结构模型;将储层结构模型与砂泥互层随机介质进行"交"、"并"运算,利用连续型随机模拟方法对储层内部介质进行精细刻画,建立中央峡谷浊积水道随机介质储层模型;通过对模型正演模拟、常规处理和相似性分析等建立最佳储层模型.文章研究了在无井条件下建立储层地震地质模型的方法,揭示南海西北部深水区中央峡谷浊积水道储层的空间展布和内部结构特征. 相似文献